河南省洛阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）

洛阳市2022——2023学年高一质量检测英语试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatshouldthemanbeabletodotogetthejob?A.Type.B.Drive.C.SpeakEnglish.2.Whichchanneldoesthemanusuallywatch?A.News.B.History.C.Health.3.Whydoesthemanlearnsomanylanguages?A.Totravelabroad.B.Todoaresearch.C.Tofindajob.4.What’sthewomandoing?A.Askingforhercreditcard.B.Lookingforhersuitcase.C.Arguingwiththeman.5.Howmuchmaythewomanpayforthetoy?A.$8.B.$16.C.$60.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howisthemanfeeling?A.Guilty.B.Optimistic.C.Annoyed.7.Whatdothekidsalwaysdo?A.Theymakefacesinclass.B.Theyeatanddrinktoomuch.CTheymakefunoftheman.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherjob?A.Demanding.B.Tiring.C.Interesting.9.Whowantstoopenabakery?A.Thewoman’sfriend.B.Theman’sfriend.C.Thewoman.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanlikereading?A.Lovestories.B.Detectivestories.C.Fairystories.11.Whydidthewomangotothemovie?A.Shelikesthemovie.B.Themovieisfamous.C.She’safanoftheactor.12.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Strangers.C.Relatives.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhathappenedtoAnna?A.Shegotinjured.B.Shefailedtheexam.C.Shelostthematch.14.WhogavefirstaidtoAnna?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Ateacher.15.Whereisthewomangoing?A.Tothehospital.B.Tothecinema.C.Tothelibrary.16.What’sthemangoingtodo?A.Cleantheclassroom.B.Returnsomebooks.C.Dosomereading.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whyistheeventtobeheld?A.Tohelppeoplelearnaboutrecycling.B.Tohelpprotecttheendangeredwildlife.C.Tomakepeopleknowaboutconservation.18.Whenistheeventtobeheld?A.OnSeptember12,B.OnOctober20.C.OnNovember10.19.Wherewilltheeventbegin?A.Behindthelibrary.B.Infrontofthegate.C.Inthegarden.20.Whatshouldbebroughttotheevent?A.Plastic.B.Chemical,C.Bins.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhatisEarthHour?EarthHourisanannualglobalcampaignthatencouragespeopleandbusinessesaroundtheworldtoswitchoffelectricityatthesametimeforonehour.EarthHourstartedinAustraliain2007when2.2millionpeopleinSydneyturnedoffallnon-essentiallightsforanhour.Sincethenithasgrowintoamassiveglobalevent.In2013,millionsofpeoplein7,000citiesandtownsaroundtheworldswitchedofftheirlightsfor60minutesattheendofMarch.Everyyearlandmarksandwell-knownbuildingsaroundtheworldtakepartandgodarkforEarthHour.ThecampaignevenwentintospacewhenastronautsreducedpowerontheInternationalSpaceStationin2011.WhoorganizesEarthHour?EarthHourisorganizedbytheWorldWideFundforNature(WWF).ItwasstartedbyAndyRidleywhoisexecutivedirectorofEarthHourGlobal,WWF.Hecameupwiththeideabecausehewantedtoraiseawarenessofenvironmentalissuesbyaskingpeopletodosomethingpositivetohelptheplanet.SwitchingoffthelightsforanhourcanmakeasmalldifferencetotheamountofenergyweusebutEarthHourisalsoasymboliceventtomakepeoplethinkabouttheproblemsofclimatechange.WhyMarch?TheendofMarchisaroundthetimeofthespringandautumnequinoxes(昼夜平分时)inbothhemispheres(半球)respectively,whensunsettimesareatsimilartimes.Thismeansthataglobal“lightsout”eventhasmostvisualeffectatthistimeofyear.UKeventsAswellasfamousLondonlandmarkssuchasBigBen,LondonEyeandBuckinghamPalaceswitchingofftheirlights,therearemanyothereventsaroundBritain.OntheWWFsinteractivemapyoucanseewhichpeople,businesses,schools,organizationsandlandmarksaretakingparteachyearandwhattheyaredoing.1.WhenandwheredidEarthHourbegin?A.InBritain,in2007. B.InSydney,in2013.C.InLondon,in2011. D.InAustralia,in2007.2.HowmanyexamplesaregiventoshowEarthHourisamassiveglobalevent?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.3.WhateventcanyouseeinBritainatEarthHour?A.ThelightsonLondonEyeareoffforanhour.B.ThesunsetsatthesametimearoundLondon.C.Businessesswitchoffalltheirlightsintheday.D.PeoplearerushingtofamousLondonlandmarks.BIhavespentmyentirelifeeitherattheschoolhouse,onthewaytotheschoolhouse,ortalkingaboutwhathappensintheschoolhouse.Bothmyparentsandmygrandparentswereeducators.Forthepast40yearsI’vedonethesamething.Needlesstosay,overthoseyearsI’vehadachancetolookateducationreformfromalotofaspects.Andweknowwhykidsdropout.Weknowwhykidsdon’tlearn.It’seitherpoverty,lowattendanceornegativepeerinfluences.Butoneofthethingsthatweneverdiscussorwebarelydiscussisthevalue—theimportanceofhumanconnectionandrelationships.JamesComersaysthatnosignificantlearningcanoccurwithoutasignificantrelationshipandalllearningisunderstandingrelationships.Everyonehasbeenaffectedbyateacheroranadult.IhavelookedatthebestandI’velookedatsomeoftheworst.Acolleaguesaidtomeonce,“Mydutyisn’ttolikethekids,buttoteachalesson.Thekidsshouldlearnit.Ishouldteachit.Thisisthecase.”Well,Isaidtoher,“Youknow,kidsdon’tlearnfrompeopletheydon’tlike.”IhavehadclassesthatweresolowthatIcried.Iwondered,howwasIgoingtotakethisgroupinninemonthsfromwheretheyweretowheretheyneededtobe?Anditwasawfullyhard.HowdidIraisetheself-confidenceofachildandhisacademicachievementatthesametime?OneyearIcameupwithabrightidea.Itoldallmystudents,“YouwerechosentobeinmyclassbecauseIamthebestteacherandyouarethebeststudents.Theyputusalltogethersowecouldshoweverybodyelsehowtodoit.”AndIgavethemasaying:“Iamsomebody.IwassomebodywhenIcame.I’llbeabettersomebodywhenIleave.Iampowerful,andIamstrong.IdeservetheeducationthatIgethere.”Teachingandlearningshouldbringjoy.Howpowerfulwouldourworldbeifwehadkidswhowerenotafraidtotakerisks,whowerenotafraidtothink,andwhohadachampion!Everychilddeservesachampion.Anadultwhowillnevergiveuponthem,andwhounderstandsthepowerofconnection,insiststhattheybecomethebestthattheycanpossiblybe.4.Whydokidsdropoutofschool?A.Theyhaveabadassociationwithteachers.B.Theymaycomefromlow-incomefamilies.C.Theyaren’tenthusiasticaboutschoolsubjects.D.Theyareinfluencedinanoptimisticwaybypeers.5.WhichideadoesJamesComeragreewith?A.Teachersshouldlaystressonthepersonaltraits.B.Studentsmightlearnalotfromteachers’variedadvice.C.Understandingrelationshipsleadstosuccessfullearning.D.Educationplaysanimportantroleinthekids’childhood.6.Howdidtheauthorpromotehisstudents?A.Hemotivatedthemtobuildself-confidence.B.Hetrainedthemtobecommittedandfocused.C.Heawardedthemmanyprizesduringhisclass.D.Hewasdevotedtoimprovingtheirself-discipline.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EveryKidNeedsaChampionB.TrueLoveforMyOwnCareerC.HowtoDealWithBadStudentsD.MyJoyofBeingaTeacherCTheclimatethreatbecameurgentin2022,resultinginaheavyimpactontheworld’sclimateindicators(指标).Theseindicatorsshowhowtheplanetisrespondingtoclimatechangeandtheimpactithasonbothpeopleandnature.TheClimateReport,releasedaheadofEarthDay,consistsofananalysisofglobalclimateindicatorssuchassealevelrise,oceanheat,andpollutionlevels.Asignificantnumberofclimaterecordswerebrokenin2022.Forinstance,oceansexperiencedrecordhightemperatures.Duetowarmingoceans,globalsealevelsclimbedtotheirhighestrecord.Antarcticaalsorecordedthelowesteverseaiceextentof1.92millionsquarekilometersinFebruary2022,arecordthathasbeenbrokenagainthisyear.Thelatestglobaldatashowsrecordhighlevelsofplanet-warmingpollution,includingmethane(甲烷)andcarbondioxidein2021.Theserecordsdemonstratetheurgencyoftheclimatethreatglobally.Risingtemperaturesresultinextremeweatherconditionssuchasdroughts,floods,andheatwaves.Thisputswildlife,plants,andcoastalcommunitiesatrisk.Additionally,theseextremeclimateeventsresultsinchallengesoflackingfood.Itisvitalfornationstocometogethertoaddresstheissueofclimatechangebyacceleratingeffortstowardsrenewableenergy,reducinggreenhousegasemissions,promotingsustainablelandusepractices,andsupportingthosewhoarealreadyfeelingtheimpactsofclimatechange.Inconclusion,thestateoftheclimatereporthighlightstheimpactoftheclimatethreatworldwide,whichishavingaseriouseffectontheplanet’sclimateindicators,nature,andpeople.Theincreasingfrequencyofextremeweatherconditionsresultsfromtherisingtemperatures,whichiswhyitissignificanttotakeactiontowardsdecreasingtheeffectsofclimatechange.Itisourresponsibilitytosafeguardtheplanetforfuturegenerationsbytakingmeasuresthatmoveustowardsasustainableandfairfuture.8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheindicatorsfromParagraph1?A.TheyarereleasedaheadofEarthDay.B.Theyindicatethedecreaseofsealevel.C.Theyshowtheplanet’sresponsetoclimatechange.D.Theyimplythefallofpollutionlevelsandoceanheat.9.Whatistheresultofrisingtemperatures?A.Theypartlyleadtotheproblemsofthefoodshortage.B.Theycausethehighestrecordedlevelofglobalwarming.C.Theyresultineffortstoreducegreenhousegasemissions.D.Theyacceleratethepromotionofsustainabledevelopment.10.Howshouldnationshandleclimatechange?A.Reducetheriskoftheextinctionofwildlifeandplants.B.Makeeffortstopromoterenewableenergyandlanduse.C.Supportpeoplewhousevehiclestoreleasecarbondioxide.DTransformthepatternsofextremeclimatechangeconditions.11.Whyisitsignificanttodecreasetheimpactsofclimatechange?A.EveryonehasaroletoplayinprotectingtheplanetB.Ithasabadeffectonendangeredanimalsandplants.C.Theextremeweatherconditionsresultinoceanheat.D.Therisingtemperaturesleadtoextremeweatherconditions.DIfyoucan’tgetyourkidstofocusonhomework,givethemblueberryjuice!Astudyfoundthatawildblueberrydrinkpromotedmemoryandconcentrationinprimaryschool-agechildren.ResearchersfromReadingUniversityinBritainput21boysandgirlsthroughabatteryofcognitive(认知的)testsonfouroccasions—onceafterdrinkingsugarywater,onceafteralittleblueberrydrink,onceafteramildblueberrydrinkandanotherafterastrongblueberrydrink.Theresearchersfoundonthedayswhentheyhadthefruitdrinks,theydidbetterontheteststhatinvolvedrecallingwordstheyhadbrieflyheard,andtheyalsodidbetterontasksthatrequiredthemtoavertdistractions.Thebestresultswereobtainedafterthehigh-strengthdrink,whichcontainedtheequalquantityofacupandahalfwildblueberries.Wildblueberriescontainmaterialsgoodforhealthbutresearchersfixedtheirattentiononflavonoid(黄酮类化合物),ahealth-promotingplantchemicalfoundinavarietyoffruitsandvegetables,includingberries.Itisthoughtthattheflavonoidintheberriesmayimprovebloodflowtothebrainandeasethepassageofinformationbetweencells.Theresearchershadtousepowdermadefromwildblueberriestomakethedrinksinthestudy,asblueberriesdonotgrowwildintheUK.Buttheyinsistblueberriesandblackberriesarealsorichinflavonoid.Althoughblueberrieshavebeenshowntobegoodforthebrainbefore,alltheresearchhasbeencarriedoutonadults.Primaryschoolisavitalstageinachild’seducationalandsocialdevelopment.Theseresultsindicatestronglythatconsumingfoodsrichinflavonoid,suchaswildblueberries,couldaidoveralllearningintheclassroom.Theresearchersnowwanttoseeifthefruitspeedsupreadingdevelopmentandwhetheritisofparticularbenefittochildrenwithdistraction.12.Whatdidthestudyfind?A.Blueberryjuicewascloselyrelatedtoconcentration,B.Blueberryjuicemadechildreninterestedinlearning.C.Wildblueberriesbroughtoutatasteofgoodfeelings.D.Wildblueberrieswereofgreatbenefittosomepatients.13.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“avert”inParagraph2?A.Claim. B.Chase. C.Affect. D.Avoid.14.Howdoesflavonoidfunctioninberries?A.Itstrengthenssweettasteinberries.B.Itmakesberriesdifferentfromothers.C.Itpromotesbloodflowingandeasesthecellpassage.D.Itcouldprovidepowdermadefromwildblueberries.15.Whatcanweinferabouttheresearchfromthelastparagraph?A.It’sbeenappliedtotheimprovementofkids’speakingskills.B.It’sprobablymadewildblueberriespopularallovertheworld.C.It’sprovidedasignificantplatformforadults’socialrelationships.DIt’sexpectedtobeconductedonkids’readingskillsandattention.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TherelationshipbetweenteachersandstudentshasbeenhotlydiscussedinrecentyearsinChina,____16____TodayIwouldliketosharesometipsonhowtogetalongwellwithteachersfromstudents’perspective.Firstandforemost,makeagoodfirstimpressiononyourteachers.____17____Agoodfirstimpressionisimportantforteacherstorememberyournameamongyourfellowstudents.____18____Astudentwholovesstudyingandcooperateswithteachersinclasscandefinitelyimpressteachersdeeply.Studentsshouldbeeagertolearnaswellaswillingtoworkhardandit’simportanttolistenwithattention.Andit’smoreimportanttolearntoraisequestionsandworkoutproblemsinnewways.Finally,communicatewithyourteachersfrequentlyafterclass.____19____Infact,kidswhogetalongwiththeirteachersnotonlylearnmore,butthey’remorecomfortableaskingquestionsandgettingextrahelp.____20____Whenyouhavethiskindofrelationshipwithateacher,heorshecanbesomeonetoturntowithproblems.A.Alwaysrespectyourteachers.B.Asthesayinggoes,wellbegunishalfdone.C.Secondlystudyhardandbeactiveinclass.D.formoreandmoreattentionispaidtoeducation.E.Inthiscase,youcouldmakegoodfriendswiththem.F.Thismakesiteasiertounderstandnewmaterialsanddoyourbestontests.G.foragoodteacherhasaccesstochildren’smindswhentheyareeagertolearn.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I,16,wasdiagnosedwithautism(自闭症)asababy.Then,myfatherquithisjoband____21____hisfullattentiontoautism.In2012,helearnedthatswimmingcouldhelpautisticpeople____22____theirphysicalfitnessandgrowth.Sohespentmonthslearninghowtoswimbywatchingvideosandreadingbooks.HespentseveralmonthsteachingmeanddiscoveredthatIhad____23____developedtheabilitytocontrolmybreathunderwater,whichgreatlyincreasedhis____24____.Myfatherlaidthegroundworkformy____25____lessons.Twohandringsandaswingarefixedfromtheceilingtohelpme____26____mymusclesandlearnswimmingmovements.Ononewallofourhome____27____atableformyroutine____28____.Myfathersaidtoareporter,“I____29____toplanallhisexercisesforhim,butnowitisalluptohim.Hedecideshowmanyexerciseshewantstodo,andit’saprocessof_____30_____.”Inspiteofallthehardships,Ihavelearnedto_____31_____challenges.Imanagedtobecomea(n)_____32_____swimmer.In2021,Iwonfive_____33_____attwointernationalgames,includingagold._____34_____swimming,learningbasiclifeskillsisalsoanimportantpartoflifeforme.Thankstomyfather’s_____35_____,Ihavelearnedtobuyfoodandheldvoluntaryjobsatsupermarketsandfast-foodrestaurants.21.A.drew B.devoted C.applied D.caught22.A.correct B.dominate C.promote D.highlight23.A.gradually B.desperately C.unusually D.absolutely24.A.feedback B.interest C.appreciation D.faith25A.swimming B.video C.reading D.pronunciation26.A.relax B.strengthen C.examine D.balance27.A.moves B.makes C.hangs D.rises28.A.workout B.diet C.examination D.life29.A.used B.setout C.happened D.intended30.A.freedom B.self-management C.self-defence D.association31.A.agreewith B.setup C.takeon D.turnup32.A.motivating B.demanding C.outgoing D.outstanding33.A.times B.medals C.championships D.opponents34.A.Incontrastto B.Becauseof C.Apartfrom D.Regardlessof35.A.persistence B.preference C.optimism D.enthusiasm第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Successmeansdifferentthingsfordifferentpeople.Somemayequateitwithfame,somewithwealthandstillsomewithaccomplishments.Forme,itmeans____36____(realize)one’sdreams.Whateveryourdreamsare,youhaveagoalthereandthendevote____37____(you)toit.Dreamsbringyouhopeandhappiness.Intheprocessofstrugglingforit,youcry,sweat,complainorevencurse,butthejoyofharvesting____38____(make)youforgetallthepainsandtroublesyouhavegonethrough.Soanoldproverbsaysthatthe____39____(sweet)fruitisonethathasundergonethebitterestexperience.Thereareseveralkeys____40____success.Firstofall,yourgoalmustbe____41____(practice).Itiswellknownthatifyousetyourgoal____42____(extreme)high,youwillnotattainit.Next,youhavetomake____43____detailedplanofdoingit.Youcantakesome____44____(step)torealizeit.Sincetheprocessisquitetough,youneedtobediligent,patientandpersevering.Facedwithsomedifficultiesorfrustrations,_____45_____youmaymeetwithintheprocess,don’tloseheart.Youshouldrepeatoverandoverthatthereisnothingyoucan’tovercome.Withthiswillanddetermination,successissuretowaitforyouattheendofthetunnel!第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节书面表达(满分15分)46.学校英语报社就“Anadmirableteacher”征稿，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.老师的基本情况；2.你崇拜他/她的原因。注意：1.词数80左右；2.题目已为你写好。Anadmirableteacher________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________