《无人机行业应用（双语）》课件-31.常用农药剂型与科学施药原则

常用农药剂型与科学施药原则Commonpesticideformulationsandscientificapplicationprinciples-《无人机行业应用》-"UnmannedAerialVehicleIndustryApplications"Foreword前言在现代农业植保作业中，正确选择农药剂型和掌握科学施药方法，不仅直接影响植保效果，更关系到农产品质量安全和生态环境保护。Inmodernagriculturalplantprotectionoperations,thecorrectselectionofpesticideformulationsandthemasteryofscientificapplicationmethodsnotonlydirectlyaffecttheeffectivenessofplantprotectionbutalsorelatetothequalityandsafetyofagriculturalproductsandtheprotectionoftheecologicalenvironment.Foreword前言作为无人机应用技术专业的学生，深入理解这些知识对我们未来从事植保作业具有重要意义。AsstudentsmajoringinUnmannedAerialVehicleapplicationtechnology,athoroughunderstandingofthisknowledgeisofgreatsignificanceforustoengageinplantprotectionoperationsinthefuture.壹常用农药剂型及其特点Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics常用农药剂型及其特点Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics农药剂型根据物理形态和使用特点可分为多种类型。Pesticideformulationscanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesbasedontheirphysicalformsandapplicationcharacteristics.传统常用剂型，具有药效稳定、使用方便的特点；Itisatraditionalandcommonlyuseddosageform,featuringstableefficacyandconvenientuse.在无人机施药中需要注意其对环境的潜在影响。Whenusingdronesforpesticideapplication,itisnecessarytopayattentiontotheirpotentialimpactontheenvironment.乳油（Emulsifiedoil）常用农药剂型及其特点Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics成本较低，储存运输方便。Ithasalowcostandisconvenientforstorageandtransportation.需要充分搅拌防止堵塞喷头。Itisnecessarytostirthoroughlytopreventthenozzlefromclogging.可湿性粉剂（Wettablepowder）农药剂型根据物理形态和使用特点可分为多种类型。Pesticideformulationscanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesbasedontheirphysicalformsandapplicationcharacteristics.常用农药剂型及其特点Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics近年来广泛使用的新型剂型，具有溶解性好、粉尘少、包装易处理等优点，非常适合无人机施药。Thenewdosageformthathasbeenwidelyusedinrecentyearshastheadvantagesofgoodsolubility,lessdustandeasypackagingandhandling,andisverysuitableforpesticideapplicationbyunmannedaerialvehicles.水分散粒剂（Waterdispersiongranularagent）农药剂型根据物理形态和使用特点可分为多种类型。Pesticideformulationscanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesbasedontheirphysicalformsandapplicationcharacteristics.常用农药剂型及其特点Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics通过湿法研磨制成，颗粒细小，分散性好，在无人机低容量喷雾中表现优异。Itismadebywetgrinding,withfineparticlesandgooddispersibility,andperformsexcellentlyinlow-volumesprayforunmannedaerialvehicles.悬浮剂（Suspendingagent）农药剂型根据物理形态和使用特点可分为多种类型。Pesticideformulationscanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesbasedontheirphysicalformsandapplicationcharacteristics.常用农药剂型及其特点Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics水剂（Aqueousagent）农药剂型根据物理形态和使用特点可分为多种类型。Pesticideformulationscanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesbasedontheirphysicalformsandapplicationcharacteristics.微乳剂（Microemulsion）缓释剂（Sustained-releaseagent）Croptype作物类型Targetofpreventionandcontrol防治对象Applicationmethod施药方式要关注剂型对喷头的影响，避免选择易产生沉淀或腐蚀性的剂型。Payattentiontotheinfluenceofthedosageformonthenozzleandavoidchoosingdosageformsthatarepronetosedimentationorcorrosiveness.贰科学施药基本原则Thebasicprinciplesofscientificpesticideapplication科学施药基本原则Thebasicprinciplesofscientificpesticideapplication科学施药首先要遵循“安全第一”原则。Thescientificapplicationofpesticidesmustfirstfollowtheprincipleof"safetyfirst".Operatorsafety操作人员安全Cropsafety作物安全Environmentalsafety环境安全在使用前必须了解农药的毒性等级，做好个人防护；Beforeuse,itisnecessarytounderstandthetoxicitylevelofthepesticideandtakegoodpersonalprotectivemeasures.要注意作物的敏感期，避免产生药害；Payattentiontothesensitiveperiodofcropstoavoidpesticidedamage.要考虑对周边环境和有益生物的影响。Theimpactonthesurroundingenvironmentandbeneficialorganismsshouldbetakenintoconsideration.科学施药基本原则Thebasicprinciplesofscientificpesticideapplication“适时用药”是提高防治效果的关键。"Timelymedication"isthekeytoimprovingtheeffectivenessofpreventionandtreatment.要根据病虫害发生规律，在最佳防治时期用药。Pesticidesshouldbeusedatthebesttimeforpreventionandcontrolinaccordancewiththeoccurrencepatternsofpestsanddiseases.要考虑天气条件，避免在雨天、大风天或高温时段施药。Weatherconditionsshouldbetakenintoaccounttoavoidapplyingpesticidesonrainydays,windydaysorduringhigh-temperatureperiods.无人机作业特别要注意风速和温度对雾滴飘移和蒸发的影响。Specialattentionshouldbepaidtotheinfluenceofwindspeedandtemperatureondropletdriftandevaporationindroneoperations.科学施药基本原则Thebasicprinciplesofscientificpesticideapplication“精准施药”要求我们根据病虫害发生程度，合理确定施药量和施药部位。"Precisepesticideapplication"requiresustoreasonablydeterminethedosageandapplicationsitesofpesticidesbasedontheseverityofpestanddiseaseoccurrence.通过无人机精准施药技术，可以实现按需施药，避免农药浪费。Throughtheprecisepesticideapplicationtechnologyofunmannedaerialvehicles,on-demandpesticideapplicationcanbeachieved,avoidingthewasteofpesticides.同时要遵循轮换用药原则，防止病虫害产生抗药性。Atthesametime,theprincipleofrotatingtheuseofpesticidesshouldbefollowedtopreventpestsanddiseasesfromdevelopingresistance.无人机施药技术要点Keypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnology叁无人机施药技术要点KeypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnologySpecialattentionshouldbepaidtotheselectionandpreparationofpesticideswhenusingdronesforpesticideapplication.无人机施药需要特别注意药剂的选择和配制。选择适合航空施药的剂型，优先选择沉降性好、抗飘移的剂型。Selectthedosageformsuitableforaerialspraying,andgiveprioritytothosewithgoodsedimentationandanti-driftproperties.在配制时要注意二次稀释，确保药剂充分溶解，避免出现沉淀堵塞喷头。Whenpreparing,itisnecessarytopayattentiontosecondarydilutiontoensurethatthereagentisfullydissolvedandavoidsedimentationthatclogsthenozzle.无人机施药技术要点KeypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnologyThesettingofpesticideapplicationparametersdirectlyaffectsthecontroleffect.施药参数设置直接影响防治效果。飞行高度一般控制在作物冠层上方1.5-3米，根据作物类型和风速适当调整。Theflightaltitudeisgenerallycontrolledat1.5to3metersabovethecropcanopy,andisappropriatelyadjustedaccordingtothetypeofcropandwindspeed.飞行速度建议在3-6米/秒之间，确保雾滴有足够的时间沉降。Itisrecommendedthattheflightspeedbebetween3and6meterspersecondtoensurethatthedropletshavesufficienttimetosettle.无人机施药技术要点KeypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnologyThesettingofpesticideapplicationparametersdirectlyaffectsthecontroleffect.施药参数设置直接影响防治效果。喷幅设置要考虑风速和作物密度，避免重喷漏喷。Thesettingofthespraywidthshouldtakeintoaccountthewindspeedandcropdensitytoavoiddoublesprayingormissedspraying.无人机施药技术要点KeypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnologyTheconcentrationanddosageoftheliquidmedicineneedtobescientificallycalculated.药液浓度和用量需要科学计算。与传统施药相比，无人机施药用水量减少，但要注意保证单位面积有效成分用量。Comparedwithtraditionalpesticideapplication,thewaterconsumptionforpesticideapplicationbydronesisreduced,butitisnecessarytoensurethedosageofactiveingredientsperunitarea.建议根据推荐剂量，结合飞行参数精确计算。Itisrecommendedtocalculatepreciselybasedontherecommendeddosageincombinationwithflightparameters.无人机施药技术要点KeypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnologyTheconcentrationanddosageoftheliquidmedicineneedtobescientificallycalculated.药液浓度和用量需要科学计算。Pesticideapplicationrecord施药记录药剂信息Pharmaceuticalinformation施药时间Applicationtime气象条件Meteorologicalconditions便于效果评估和问题追溯。Itisconvenientforeffectevaluationandproblemtraceability.总结Summary认识