bcg -以人工智能为先的组织将赢得未来经济事务 AI-First Organizations Win the Future Economic Affairs

Executive

Perspectives

AI-FirstOrganizationsWin

theFuture

EconomicAffairs

April2026

Introduction

WemeetoftenwithleadersofeconomicaffairsgovernmententitiestodiscussAI—atopicthatisbothcaptivatingandrapidlychanging.AsAIcapabilities

continuetoevolve,theconversationisshiftingfromexperimentationto

transformation.ThequestionisnolongerwhetherAImatters,buthowAIcanhelpeconomicaffairsgovernmententitiesmovefasterandmakebetter-informeddecisions.

Theeconomicaffairslandscapeisalsochanging.Tradeandregulatoryrulesareshiftingfaster,sectorshocksaremorefrequent,andstakeholderexpectations

continuetorise.Atthesametime,AI’scapabilityisexpandingfromgenerativeanalysissupporttoagentic,end-to-endworkflowsupport,helpingleadersorchestratework,accelerateaction,andstrengthendelivery.

Inthisedition,wediscussthefutureofeconomicaffairsandtheroleAIwillplayinhelpingleaderssteermoreeffectively.Weaddresskeyquestions:

•HowareleadingeconomicaffairsgovernmententitiescreatingvaluewithAI?

•HowcanAIhelpleadersredesigneconomicaffairsforthefuture?

•Whatlevelofambitionshouldleadersset—andwhatpracticalstepswillturnthatambitionintoascaledtransformation?

Thisdocumentisaguideforleadersofeconomicaffairstounderstand

whereAIcreatesvaluetoday—andwhatitwilltaketobuildthefutureofeconomicaffairs.

InthisBCGExecutive

Perspective,weoutline

howAI-firsteconomic

affairsentitiescancreatevaluetodayandbuildforthefuture

1

Executivesummary|Transformingeconomicaffairsgovernmententities

intoAI-firstorganizations

•Leadersofeconomicaffairscurrentlyfacefaster-movingtradeandregulatorychange,frequentsectorshocks,infrastructuredeliverybottlenecks,andslowproductivitydiffusion,makingtheconventionalsteeringmodelincreasinglyinsufficient

•Alcapabilitieshavematuredfromperforminganalysistoprovidingworkflowsupport;tool-connectedcopilotscanpullevidencefromsourcesystemsandproducestructuredoptions,whileearlyagentscanplan,runsteps,andescalate,resettingtheoperatingbaseline

•Private-sectorAIleadersarealreadycapturingmeasurablevalue(2.4%to4.6%inrevenueupliftand4.2%to4.5%incostreductionin2024)andreinvestingearlygains,raisingexpectationsforeconomicaffairsgovernmententitiestodeliverfasterdecisions,clearer

guidance,andstrongercoordinationinparallelastheyenableprivate-sectorgrowthandresilience

WHY

nowistherighttimetoact

Copyright©2026byBostonConsultingGroup.Allrightsreserved.

•AnAl-firsteconomicaffairsgovernmententityinvestsacrossthreestrategicplaystodelivervalueandkeeppacewiththenewbaseline,startingfrommanagingtoday’sproductivityandprogressingtoanend-to-endtransformation,makingbureaucracyseamless

–Deploy:Embedsoff-the-shelfandlightlyconfiguredAltoolstoboostproductivityandconsistencywithoutchangingcoreprocesses

–Reshape:Redesignspriorityjourneyswithagentsthatruncontinuously,coordinatinghandoffs,exceptions,anddecisionpacksacrossunitsandpartnersendtoend

–Invent:Orchestratesmultipleagentstosensesignals,simulatescenarios,conductautomatedprocesses,andalignactions,creatinganalways-onsteeringlayerthatescalatesonlykeytradeoffsforleadershipapproval

WHAT

anAl-first

governmententitylookslike

•Transformationcanstartimmediatelywithapracticalpaththatcanbetailoredbyambitionlevel(deploy,reshape,orinvent)

–Step1:Chooseprioritiesandambitionbyselectingasmallsetofhigh-valuejourneystiedtonationaloutcomes,setambitionperjourney,andconfirmtheowners,decisionrights,KPls,andafirst-waveroadmap

–Step2:Buildcapabilitiesandlaunchdeliveryinparallelbyrollingoutapprovedcopilotsfastanddeliveringlighthouseoutcomes,whilestandingupthesecurefoundation,governance,andoperatingrhythmneededtoscale

•UpskillandadoptbyembeddingAIliteracyinleadershipandfrontlineroles,redesigningworkforhuman-agentcollaboration,andusingearlywins(includingefficiencygains)tocontinuescaling

HOW

tostartthe

journeyto

transformintoanAl-firstentity

Sources:lBM:Theenterprisein2030:Engineeredforperpetualinnovation,2026;BCGBuildfortheFuture2025GlobalStudy(n=1,250);BCGanalysis.2

Thedomainsforeconomicaffairsaregroupedintofourportfolios—our

lensforwhereAImattersmost

Ninedomainsthataredefinedwithin

economicaffairsbyOECDandtheUN…

4.14.2

4.34.4

4.54.6

4.7

4.84.9

Generaleconomic,commercial,laboraffairs

Agriculture,forestry,andfishingFuel,energy,andextractives

Mining,manufacturing,andconstructionTransport

Communications

Otherindustries(e.g.,tourismandservices)EconomicaffairsR&D

Economicaffairs(notelsewhereclassified)

>

…canbegroupedintofoureconomy-steeringlevers…

Economy-widerules,

regulations,andoversight

Sectorcompetitivenessandresiliencebuilding

Networkassets,infrastructure,andserviceperformance

Innovationsupport,

incentives,anddiffusion

…toyieldfourportfoliosto

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targetforhigh-potentialAIuse

>

>

>

>

ge

Marketsand

competitiveness

Productivesectors

andindustrialstrategy

Infrastructure

andconnectivity

Innovationand

productivitydiffusion

EconomicAffairsrequiresactionwithingovernmententitiesandhasimplicationsforthebroadereconomy;toprovidesufficientdepth,thisdocumentfocusesonAIadoptionwithinEconomicAffairsgovernmententities

3

Note:Treasuryorfinancialandfiscalaffairs(e.g.,budgeting,taxationadministration,anddebtmanagement)arenotincludedintheeconomicaffairsdivisionof04,asOECDclassifiestheseunderthegeneralpublicservicesdivisionof01(specifically,01.1.2).UN=UnitedNations.

Sources:ClassificationoftheFunctionsofGovernment,OECD;BCGanalysis.

Policyvolatilityisraisingthebarforleadersofeconomicaffairsacrossall

fourportfolios

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Complexpolicyagendapresentin2026willhave……implicationsforleadersofeconomicaffairs

Marketsand

competitiveness

Tradeandregulatoryrulesareshifting

faster,increasinguncertaintyforbusinesses,andslowingentryandcross-borderactivity

Movefromcyclicalreformstocontinuousmarketsteeringwithalways-currentguidance,clearer

guardrails,andrisk-ledoversight

Productivesectorsandindustrial

strategy

Shocksarefrequentanddependenciesaremorecomplex,makingithardertosecure

supply,stabilizecosts,andretargetsupport

>

Runmoreadaptivesectorsteeringbyimproving

early-riskvisibilityandcoordinatingfaster,targetedinterventionsacrossagencies

Infrastructure

andconnectivity

Demandfortimelyinfrastructuredelivery

isrising;approvalsandexecutionremainbottlenecked,drivingnetworkdisruptions

>

Movefromproject-by-projectdeliverytoportfoliodeliveryandnetworkreliabilitythroughbottleneckclearance,prioritization,andoperationresilience

Innovation

andproductivitydiffusion

Mobilizeascalableadoptionengineacross

agenciesanddeliverypartners,usingAl-enabledtoolkitsandsharedoutcomeevidence

lnnovationisnottranslatingintobroad

>

productivitygainsfastenough,asdiffusionbarrierspreventsolutionsfromscaling

Sources:lMF2025-2026macroeconomicreports;OECD;BCGanalysis.4

Sources:Consultsummaries,UKgovernment;StanfordUniversityHuman-CenteredArtificialIntelligence;BCGanalysis.5

AIisshiftingfromperforminganalysistoprovidingdecisionsupportin

economicaffairs,resettingthespeedandoperating-modelbaseline

Inthepastfiveyears

•Predictionandsimulationcapabilitieswerescaled,makingforecasting,optimization,andanomalydetectionpractical

•GenAIenabledlarge-scalesynthesis,rapidly

summarizing,drafting,andretrievinginsightsacrosslargetextandknowledgebases

Inthepast12months

•AIsteppeduptoahigh-volume,mixed-formatreality,producingstructured,decision-ready

summaries

•AIconnectedtoenterprisetools,pullingevidencefromsourcesystemsandreducingmanualeffort

•EarlyAIagentsprovedviable,beingabletoplan,usetools,iterate,andescalatewithhuman

oversight—beyondsimplechatresponses

Inthenextthreeyears

•AIagentswillbecomeanalways-ondecision

layer,continuouslysensingchangesandrefreshingrecommendations

•Decisioncycleswillbe"living,"withfasterscenarioupdates,automatedstresstests,andclearertradeoffs

•AIwillserveasavirtualanalystbench,runningparallelanalysesandproducingshort,evidence-

linkedoptionsforapproval

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•CoordinatedAIagentswillreducecosts,workingacrossteamsandescalatingonlykeydecisionsforhumanapproval

Whatthischangesforeconomicaffairspolicymaking?(example:policyconsultationprocess)

Tool-connectedcopilotsandAI-assistedchannels

cancaptureandstructureinputsatscale,thenturnevidenceintodecision-readypolicypacks

AgenticAIwillsupportthefullconsultation

process,ingestingevidence,identifying

stakeholderinputs,andproposingconstraint-

awarenegotiationoptionsforapproval

GenAIhasalreadyprovenitscapabilityto

synthesizeover50,000consultationresponses

intothemesandstakeholderpositionsinabout

twohours

Note:GenAI=generativeAI.

Stakeholdersthatinteractwitheconomicaffairsentitiesarerapidly

adoptingAI,raisingexpectationsforspeed,clarity,andcoordination

Domesticstakeholders

ReasonforadoptingAI

Expectationforeconomicaffairs

entities

Businessesandinvestors

Interpretrules,preparesubmissions,and

comparejurisdictions

Othergovernmentagencies

Maintainservicelevelswhileoperatingwith

tighterbudgetsand

talentpoolconstraints

Citizensandconsumers

Getcleareranswersandfasterresolutionswithoutnavigating

complexprocesses

Externalandinternationalstakeholders

Globalinvestorsandbusinesses

Peereconomiesandpartners

Internationaleconomic

organizations

Scanrequirements,

tailorentryplans,andreacttorulechangesquickly

Speeduptrade

facilitation,policydesign,and

enforcement

Monitorrisks,

outcomes,andpolicyeffectivenessinnearrealtime

ConsultingGroup.Allrightsreserved.

Providealways-currentguidance,efficient

diffusion,andcleardeliverytimelines

ConnectdecisionsbysharingsignalsandworkseamlesslywithAI-enabledagencies

Providetransparency

andreliabledeliverybyavoidingslowupdatesandunclear

accountability

Provideconsistent

guidanceacross

channelsandfasterend-to-enddecisions

Keepcross-border

processesinteroperableandcoordinatefaster

onsharedrisk

Providedefensible

Boston

performancemetricsandcoordinateswiftlyduringshocks

Copyright©2026by

Netexpectation:Fasterend-to-enddecisions,always-currentguidance,transparentandtraceableevidence,andrapidcoordination

Source:BCGanalysis.6

Private-sectorAIadoptionandreinvestmentofearlygainsareraisingthe

baselineexpectation—butpublic-sectormaturityisnotyetkeepingpace

Valueunlockedandexpected

(topthreeAI-scalingprivatesectors)

Revenueincrease

Software

4.6%4.3%

2024

Telecom-

munica-tions

20242028E20242028E

Payments andfintech

20242028E20242028E

Private-sectorleadersreinvestabout70%ofAI

productivitygainsinAI-scaling;thepublicsectorcanalsoring-fenceearlyefficiencygainstofundanAI

foundation

7

Cost

reduction

13.2%

12.5%

12.2%

12.3%

9.0%

9.3%

4.2%

4.5%

2024

2.5%

2.4%

2028E

2028E

AverageBuildfortheFutureAImaturityscorebysector

(assessedthrough41dimensions)

Copyright©2026byBostonConsultingGroup.Allrightsreserved.

0

BankingTelecommunications

mediaPaymentsandfintech

Aerospaceanddefense

Machineryandautomation,includinggreentech

Globalassetmanagers;railandhospitality;airline;metalsandmining;andinsuranceBiopharma;medtech

Automotiveandmobility

Powerandutilities;renewables

Devices,components,andsemiconductors

Consumerproducts

LogisticsandpostalservicesOilandgas

Public-sectoraverage

•AttheforefrontofAI,buildingcapabilitiesacrossfunctions

•Consistentlygeneratingstrongvalue

•Developedinitial

capabilitiesandstartedexperimenting

•Strugglingtoscaleandgeneratevalue

•DevelopedanAI

strategyandadvancedcapabilities

•Scalingthemtogeneratevalue

•TakenminimalAI-relatedaction

•Lackingfoundationalcapabilitiesandnotgeneratingvalue

AIstagnatingAIemergingAIscalingAIfuture-built

255075100

Retail

Fashionandluxury

Realestateconstruction

Software

Note:Valueunlockedandexpected(%)arederivedfromAIleaderswithinthetopthreeAI-scalingsectors.

Sources:IBM:Theenterprisein2030:Engineeredforperpetualinnovation,2026;BCGBuildfortheFuture2025GlobalStudy(n=1,250);BCGanalysis.

EconomicaffairsentitiescanleverageAIbydeployingtools,reshaping

workflows,andreinventingwaysofworking

Copyright

Deep-diveexamplesinslides11through188

Deploy

Reshape

Invent

Embedoff-the-shelfcopilotsandlightlyconfiguredAItoolstoboostproductivitywithoutchangingexistingprocesses

Redesignexistingprocesseswithagentsthatruncontinuously,

coordinatinghandoffs,exceptions,anddecisionpacks

Combinemultipleagents’capabilities

totacklecomplexcurrentandfuture

agendasbysensingsignals,simulatingscenarios,andaligningactions

Examples

Marketsand

competitiveness

Productivesectorsandindustrial

strategy

Infrastructureandconnectivity

Innovationandproductivity

diffusion

Traderulesradarcopilottosurfaceupdates,interpretations,andnextsteps

Sectorperformanceradartotracksignalsandflagearlystressinsectors

Permitprecheckandprefillcopilottovalidatereadinessandcompleteness

Grantintegrityscreeningcopilottoscoreriskandroutetargetedverification

>

>

>

>

Always-ontradeintelligencelooptoupdatescenariosordesignnextsteps

Sectordistressagentlooptofusesignals,scorerisks,anddraftoptions

>

Permitandapprovalagent-guidedjourney

tosupportsubmissionandcompliance

Grantlifecycleagenttocombineawardintegritywithpostawardcompliance

Multiplelayersofagentswithalways-onsignalsandcross-portfolioactionalignment

tosolveeconomicchallenges

©2026byBostonConsultingGroup.Allrightsreserved.

Deploy|TherearemanyexamplesofprovencopilotsandAItoolsthatarealreadyboostingproductivityineconomicaffairsentitiesworldwide(1/2)

Pain

Typical

ExamplesofAIsolutions

points

impacts

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Entrypathwaysspan

multipletouchpoints;

clarificationsslowmarketentryandexpansion

Faster

decisions~50%-60%

Improvedfirst-time-right

routingandsubmissionsReductionofcontact

throughself-service

Marketsandcompetitiveness

123

MarketentryandTradeandcross-borderMarketconductand

businessenvironmentcompetitivenesslaborregulations

Traderulesshiftrapidly;Regulationsarecomplex;

firmsstruggletostayconstrainedcapacitydrives

compliantandadjustslow,unevenoversight

quicklydecisions

Productivesectorsandindustrialstrategy

456

SectorperformanceIndustrialinvestmentStrategic

andresilienceenablementsupplysecurity

Sectorsignalsarrivelate;MultipleagenciesapplyCriticaldependenciesare

interventionsstayreactiveinconsistentrequirements;unclear;shockspropagate

ratherthananticipatoryreworkloopsdelaystartsfasterthancoordinated

andspendingmitigation

~4x–12xBenefit-costreturnatscale

FasterEnablingafasterinspectionreportingprocessandintervention

Safetyrisktriage

Triagesworkplacesafety

riskstoprioritizeinspectionandintervention;generatescasesummariesand

recommendedactions

Guidanceconcierge

Clarifiesentry

requirements,routes

applicationtotherightunitthefirsttime,andcapturesthecontextonce

Approvalpathwayguide

Mapsrequirementsacrossagencies;summarizes

requirementsacross

agenciesandflagsconflictsearly

Resiliencewarning

Identifiesmultisource

signalstoflagemergingsectordisruptionsearly;surfaceslikelydriversandaffectedvaluechains

Costreductionpersupplychainanalysis(UKgovernmentpilot)

Timelinedropinthesupplychaininvestigationcycle

Mitigationplaybook

Recommendscontingencylevers,identifiesoptions,

clarifiesaccountableownerswithanaudittrail

Supplyintelligencemap

Linksmultitiersupplierdatatorevealdependenciesandconcentrationrisk

Earlytrademarkscreening

Helpstrademarkapplicantsidentifyerrorsandpotentialissuesbeforefiling

Bottlenecktracker

Monitorsstatusacross

authorities,identifiesstalls,andtriggersescalation

whenrequired

Trade-readypack

Detectscontextandrulechangesearlyand

translatesthemintoclear,actionablesteps

Regulationsdiscovery

Providessource-linkedanswersacrossofficialguidancetoreduce

contradictions

Shortersearchtimeforrulesdiscovery

Earliersurfacingforhigh-riskcasestointervene

Risk-basedoversight

Prioritizescasesand

inspectionsbyriskand

standardizesrationaletrails

Rulenavigator

Surfacesapplicablerules,latestupdates,andnextstepswithsourcelinks

~60%–70%~5–10

days

~95%–97%~2–5

months

Note:Nobenchmarkwasavailableforsomeofthepainpointsidentified(e.g.,#5).9

Sources:AskJamieandSmartAnswer,Singaporegovernment;ChicagoHuman-CenteredForecastsInitiative;GlobalSupplyChainsIntelligencePilot,UKgovernment;DAKI-FWS(adata-andAI-supportedearlywarningsystem),GermanBundestag;MoHRE’sSmartSafetyTracker,UnitedArabEmiratesgovernment;BCGanalysis.

Deploy|TherearemanyexamplesofprovencopilotsandAItoolsthatarealreadyboostingproductivityineconomicaffairsentitiesworldwide(2/2)

Pain

Typical

impacts

Copyright©2026byBostonConsultingGroup.Allrightsreserved.

ExamplesofAlsolutionspoints

Fewer

disruptions~10%–20%

lmprovedmaintenance

operatingrhythm

Reductioninroadnetworkcongestion

80,000

Innovationandproductivitydiffusion

101112

R&DtaxGrantfundingandDiffusionand

incentivesreviewthroughputvalueforthemoney

Eligibilityiscomplex;ApplicationvolumeAdoptionisuneven;

verificationismanual,overwhelmsreviewers;outcomesarehardtotrack,

inconsistent,andauditawardsslowandimprove,andreallocate

heavyadministrativecostsrisetoward

Risk-basedGrantscreeningDiffusionconcierge

verificationScreensapplicationsforBuildsadoptionplansby

Flagshigh-riskclaimsandintegrityrisksandflagsfirmandsector,tracks

supportsaudit-readyhigh-riskcasesonlyformilestones,andcoordinates

documentationhumaninvestigationsupport

Deepdivenext

EligibilitycopilotPaneldecisionEvaluationsynthesis

Guidesrulesandevidence;supportLinksoutcomestoprograms

extractseligiblecostsandCreatesstructuredandsummarizeswhat

technicalnarrativessummaries,flagsworkedforreallocations

disagreements,anddrafts

rationale

9

Networkoperations,disruptionresponse

lncidentsdisruptnetworks;manualcoordinationslowsrecoveryandweakens

servicereliability

7

Planning,investmentprioritization

Planningcycleslagshiftingdemand;investment

decisionsmissemerging

bottlenecks,dependencies

8

Permits,approvals,anddeliveryreadiness

Applicationvolume

overwhelmsreviewer

capacity;awardsslowandadministrativecostsrise

Evaluationsynthesis

Suggestsplaybooksfor

delaysandoutages,predictsknock-onimpacts,and

triggersescalationstoexperts

Fewerproposalsrouted~70,000–Freedupstaff-daysperyear

forfullpeerreviewforevidencesynthesis

Permitconcierge

Clarifiesrequirements,

assemblessubmissions,prefillsforms,androutesexceptionstohuman

reviewers

Investmentprioritizer

Ranksinvestmentoptions

torelieveconstraintsbasedonexpectedimpact,

urgency,cost,andfeasibility

Complianceprecheck

Validatescompleteness

againstrules,flagsmissingevidenceearly,andreducesresubmissions

Bottleneckidentifier

Fusesdemand,land-use

signals,andthroughputtoidentifybindingconstraintsandprioritizeinterventions

Operationalassistant

Simulatesoptionsand

draftsrecommendationsforoperatorreview

Accuracyinmatching

applicationstoassessors

Infrastructureandconnectivity

Reductionintimeto

allocategrantassessors

Responsessynthesizedin~2hours(vs.weeks)

Fasterdigitizationofplanningrecords

~95%–99%

~10%–16%

~95%–99%

~20x–40x

~50,000

10

Note:Nobenchmarkwasavailableforsomeofthepainpointsidentified(e.g.,#12).

Sources:DubaiRoadsandTransportAuthority,2030AlStrategy;Extracttoolforplanningdigitization,UKgovernment;Consultsummaries,UKgovernment;CobaltGrantManager,GOV.UK;Alofficeinitiatives,LaCaixaBank;BCGanalysis.

Copyright©2026byBostonConsultingGroup.Allrightsreserved.

Innovationand

Deploydeepdive|Theintegrityofinnovationgrantscanbeproductivitydiffusion

strengthenedthroughAI-enabledscreeningandtargetedverification

Challengesingrant

andincentivefundingExample:AI-enabledgrantintegrityplatformatInnovateUK

Routesallapplicationsthroughasingleintake

StandardizedworkflowautomatesgrantapplicationcheckingandroutesoutputstoAIassessment

Screensapplicationsandmatchestoanassessor

AItextanalyticsscoresimilarity,detectanomalies,andranksuitablegrantassessorsbasedontopicfit

Performstargetedverification

Rule-basedAItoolcategorizesduplicatesor

resubmissionsandflagscasesforhumaninvestigation

Forwardsfordecisioningandremediation

Humangrantassessorsreviewapplicationsandinvestigationoutcomes,andthendecide

SafecasesRiskcasesFlaggedcases

99%

97%

£55M

Reductionintimetoallocategrantassessors

Grantassessor-

application

matchingaccuracy

Potentialadditionalinnovationfundingunlocked1

1.Estimatedbasedon£550millioncorebudgetwith10%forecasterrorinconventionalInnovateUKgrant-screeningprocess.

Sources:CobaltGrantManager,GOV.UK;AnalyticsEngines:InnovateUKCaseStudy;BCGanalysis.11

•Ineligibleandnoncompliantsubmissionscanoutpace

manualreviewercapacity

•Risksignalsarescatteredacrosscompetitions,priorsubmissions,andassessorinputs

•Pressuretodecidefast

reducestraceability,consistency,andlearning

Infrastructureandconnectivity

Reshapedeepdive|AnAIagentcanturnpermitsandapprovalsintoanend-to-endguidedjourney,makingbureaucracyseamless

Context:John,alocallogisticsoperator,wantstoexpandadistributionhubwithoutgettinglostinpermits,approvals,andcompliance

First-time-rightpreparation

Theagentturnsthechoiceintooneend-

to-endplan—permits,utilities,

inspections,andcompliance—sequencedwithwhatmayruninparallelandwhatsitsoncriticalpath

•Cross-agencyprocessmapanddependencies

•Utilitiesandinterconnection

requirements,aswellasinspectionchecklists,etc.

Needidentification

Johnseesdemandinaregionandneedsextra

capacityquickly.Heasksthepermitsjourneyagentforthefastestexpansionrouteandwhatitwilltaketogetoperational

•Firmprofileandsitedetailsonrecord

•Locationcontextandbasicconstraintssnapshot

1

2

Optionsearch

Theagentreturnsthreeclearpathways(expandanexistingsite,buildanewhub,orleaseandphase),eachwith

expectedtimelines,roughcostranges,andtypicalblockers

3

•Comparablecasepatternsandscenariotemplates

•Timeandcostbenchmarks,aswellastypicalblockersbypathway

Journeycreation

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