Unit 1 Past and present 单元测试含答案 2025-2026学年英语译林版（2024）八年级下册

Unit1Pastandpresent一、阅读理解，本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分。阅读下列短文，根据短文内容选择最佳选项。TheHutuoRiveristhemotherriverofShijiazhuang,thecapitalcityofHebei.TheHutuoRiverisfamousforitsrichhistoryandculturalmeaning.Ithasbeenimportantfortransportation（交通）forcenturiesandhasplayedanimportantpartinthedevelopmentofthearea.Theriverhasalsobeenthesubjectofmanypoemsandworksofartinhistory.However,about20yearsago,itwasdirtyandalmostdriedup.Thankstothegovernment’swork,ithasbecomemuchcleaner.WuWenzhong,a58-year-oldvillager,livesneartheriver.“MyfriendsandIoftenplayedwithwater,swamandcaughtfishinitwhenIwasachild.Ilikedcatchingfishbest,”hesaid.Heremembersthatthevillagershadtocrosstheriverbyboatatthattime.Butastimepassedby,itgotdirtyandstartedtodryup.Toremediate（治理）theriver,thegovernmenthasdonealotofthings.Theycleantheriverupandbuildlevees（防洪堤）.Theyplanttrees,grassandflowerstogreentheriverside.Theybuildupfences（防护栏）andputup"NoSwimming"signsalongtherivertoprotectpeople.Theystopfactoriesfromputtingwastewaterintotheriver.Theykeepaneyeontherivertomakesureitstayscleanforthefish,birdsandpeoplewholivenearby.Theyalsohavealong-termplantokeeptheriveringoodcondition.Now,therearemorethan20kindsofbirdslivingaroundtheriver.Itbecomesahomeforbirdsagain.Peoplecanenjoyadayoutdoorswiththebeautyofnaturealongtheriver.Wuandothervillagersarehappytoseetheriverlookinggoodagain.TheHutuoRiver’sstoryshowsthatwhenpeopleworktogethertotakecareofnature,goodthingscanhappen.1.HowdoesthewriterintroducethesubjectinParagraph1?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bygivingfacts.C.Byaskingquestions. D.Byquoting（引用）afamouspoem.2.WhatwasWuWenzhong’sfavouriteactivitywhenhewasachild?A.Boating. B.Swimming. C.Plantingtrees. D.Catchingfish.3.Whatdoweknowabouttoday’sHutuoRiver?A.Manybirdslivearoundit. B.Factoriesgetwaterfromit.C.It’sstillinbadcondition. D.Villagerscanhavefunswimminginit.4.Whatdoes"keepaneyeon"meaninParagraph4?A.seeoff B.watchover C.findout D.lookfor5.WhichquestiondoesParagraph4mainlyanswer?A.Howdoestheriverlooknow?B.Whendopeoplegreentheriverside?C.Whyistheriverimportant?D.Whatactionshasthegovernmenttaken?二、完形填空，本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aboyguardedthebarrels（木桶）inhisfather'swinery（葡萄酒厂）.Everymorning,hisfathergavehima

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ofbrushingthebarrelsandputtingtheminorder,butthewindblewthebarrelshereandthereovernight.Theboywasso

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thathewrotealettertothewind,“Pleasedon'tblowdownmybarrels.”Afterseeingthat,hisfatheraskedtheboywithasmile,“Canthewindreadyour

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?”Thelittleboysaid,“Idon'tknow.Ihaveno

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buttomakethisrequest（请求）.”Thenextmorning,whenthelittleboyranto

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thebarrels,hefoundthatthebarrelswereblownhereandthereagain.Thelittleboyfeltveryunhappyandcried.Hisfathercameandsaid

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,“Son,don'tbesad.Wemayhavenowaytodealwiththe

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,butwemayhavewaysforyou,sowecanhaveourownwaysto

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thewind.”Thenthelittleboy

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histearsandthoughtoverandover.Finally,hethoughtofanidea.Hefilledthe

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barrelswithwater.Afterthat,hewenthomeworriedly.Thethirdmorning,thelittleboy

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hisclothesinahurryandranout.Hewas

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tofindthebarrelswereplacedingoodorder.Thelittleboysmiledhappilyandtoldhisfather,“It'savery

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way,thatis,tomakethebarrelsheavier.”Thelittleboy'sfathersmiledand

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hishead.Wecan'tchangemanythingsintheworld,butwecanchangeourselves.Toaddthe

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toyouisagoodwaynottobeknockedover.6.A.promise B.task C.warning D.method7.A.cheerful B.shy C.satisfied D.angry8.A.letter B.notice C.story D.poster9.A.time B.purpose C.choice D.doubt10.A.paint B.blow C.check D.repair11.A.strictly B.kindly C.wildly D.nervously12.A.wind B.brush C.factory D.cloud13.A.invite B.accept C.encourage D.beat14.A.believed B.dried C.collected D.tasted15.A.empty B.full C.useless D.special16.A.tookoff B.puton C.paidfor D.soldout17.A.worried B.interested C.excited D.bored18.A.simple B.foolish C.strange D.dangerous19.A.controlled B.nodded C.hid D.covered20.A.water B.clothes C.height D.weight三、七选五：根据上下文补全对话，20分。 21.CourtneyCarverlivesinUtah,theUnitedStates.In2010,shefeltreallytired.①_______________"Iworkedtoohard.Ispenttoomuch.AndIslepttoolittle,"shewroteonherwebsite."IalwayswantedmorebecauseIthoughtIwouldbehappywithmore.Ispentmuchofmylifefeelingworriedandunhealthy."②_______________Shebegantolivesimply.Shesoldmanyofherthingsandshegaveawayotherthings.Shebecameaminimalist（简约主义者）.Shesaidshehadneverfeltbetter.③_____________Itteachespeoplehowtoliveabetterlifewithfewerthings.Minimalismistheideathatpeoplearehappierlivingwithfewerthings.Ithelpspeoplegetawayfromthethingstheydonotneed,sothattheycanthinkcarefullyaboutwhatisimportant.④_______________Theproblemisthatwegivetoomuchmeaningtoourthings.Weoftenforgetourhealthorrelationship.Weforgetaboutkeepingonlearning.Whatdoyouthinkofminimalism?⑤_______________YoucanvisitCarver'swebsitetolearnmore.A.Shewastryingtodotoomuch.B.Doyouwanttobeaminimalist?C.ThenCarverdecidedtochangeherlife.D.Thereisnothingwrongwithhavingthings.E.Helpingotherscanmakeusliveahappierlife.F.ShestartedawebsitecalledBeMorewithLess.G.Trytospeakloudenoughsopeoplecanhearyouclearly.四、书面表达，30分。22.随着中国免签政策的实施，许多外国友人来到你的家乡旅游，他们震惊于中国科技飞速发展给生活带来的巨大变化。请根据下图用英语向他们介绍科技如何改变我们的生活和学习。HowtechnologyhaschangedourlivesLifestyle·Transport:bicycle/bus→electriccar/self-drivingcarStudy·Readingpaperbook→e-book;AIFeelings·Inthepast,·Now,注意：1.词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；2.内容须包括上图中的要点，省略号部分自拟，并适当发挥。HowtechnologyhaschangedourlivesOverthepastfewyears,technologyhasgreatlychangedourlives,especiallyinlifestyleandstudy.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1.答案：B解析：通读第一段可知，此段介绍了滹沱河的历史、文化意义、交通作用等，由此可知作者通过列举事实引入主题。故选B。2.答案：D解析：根据文章第三段“Ilikedcatchingfishbest”可知，WuWenzhong小时候最喜欢的活动是抓鱼。故选D。3.答案：A解析：根据文章第五段“Now,therearemorethan20kindsofbirdslivingaroundtheriver.”可知，如今的滹沱河周围有许多鸟类栖息。故选A。4.答案：B解析：根据文章第四段“Theykeepaneyeontherivertomakesureitstayscleanforthefish,birdsandpeoplewholivenearby.”可知，他们监视着这条河流，以确保它能保持清澈，从而为鱼儿、鸟类以及附近居民提供良好的生存环境，“keepaneyeon”意为“监视、照看”，与“watchover”同义。故选B。5.答案：D解析：根据文章第四段“Toremediatetheriver,thegovernmenthasdonealotofthings...”可知，本段主要回答“政府采取了哪些行动治理河流”。故选D。6.答案：B解析：根据下文brushingthebarrelsandputtingtheminorder并结合选项可知选B项。7.答案：D解析：根据上文butthewindblewthebarrelshereandthereovernight可知，男孩摆放整齐的木桶被风吹得到处都是，男孩应是生气的。故选D项。8.答案：A解析：根据上文hewrotealettertothewind可知，父亲是在问男孩风能否读懂他写的信。故选A项。9.答案：C解析：短语havenochoicebuttodosth意为“别无选择，只能做某事”，为固定搭配。故选C项。10.答案：C解析：根据下文hefoundthatthebarrelswereblownhereandthereagain可知，男孩是跑着去检查木桶。故选C项。11.答案：B解析：根据下文“Son,don'tbesad.”可知，父亲是在安慰男孩，所以应是和蔼地。故选B项。12.答案：A解析：根据上文木桶被风吹得到处都是可推出，此处是指没办法对付风。故选A项。13.答案：D解析：根据下文tofindthebarrelswereplacedingoodorder可知，此处是指战胜风。故选D项。14.答案：B解析：根据下文thoughtoverandover以及语境可知，此处是指擦干眼泪。故选B项。15.答案：A解析：根据上文filled和下文withwater可知，此处是指把空桶装满水。故选A项。16.答案：B解析：根据下文hisclothesinahurryandranout可知，此处是指穿上衣服就跑去看木桶。故选B项。17.答案：C解析：根据下文tofindthebarrelswereplacedingoodorder可知，木桶没有被风吹得到处都是，因此男孩很兴奋。故选C项。18.答案：A解析：根据下文tomakethebarrelsheavier及上文可知，让木桶变重是个简单的方法。故选A项。19.答案：B解析：根据上文可知，男孩想的办法成功战胜了风，父亲感到欣慰，应是微笑着点头。故选B项。20.答案：D解析：根据下文nottobeknockedover并结合上文可知，可以通过增加自己的重量来不被击倒。故选D项。21.答案：A；C；F；D；B解析：①根据上文“CourtneyCarverlivesinUtah,theUnitedStates.In2010,shefeltreallytired.”可知，此处是在介绍考特妮·卡弗的情况，结合选项可知选A项。②根据下文“Shebegantolivesimply.”并结合选项可知，此处应表示“然后卡弗决定改变她的生活”。故选C项。③根据下文“Itteachespeoplehowtoliveabetterlifewithfewerthings.”可知，设空处应提出某个能教人们过更好的生活的东西，F项承接下文，其中的website与下文的It相呼应。故选F项。④根据下文“Theproblemisthatwegivetoomuchmeaningtoourthings.”可知，此处应与“我们”拥有的东西有关，D项符合语境。⑤根据上文“Whatdoyouthinkofminimalism？”并结合选项可知，此处应表示“你想成为一个简约主义者吗？”，故选B项。22.答案：HowtechnologyhaschangedourlivesOverthepastfewyears,technologyhasgreatlychangedourlives,especiallyinlifestyleandstudy.Intermsoflifestyle,transportshavetransformedalot.Weusedtoridebicyclesortakebuses,butnowelectriccarsandself-drivingcarsaremorecommon.Whenitcomestostudy,readinghabitsarediff