2025北京二十中高二10月月考英语试题及答案

高中2025北京二十中高二10月月考英语(时间:90分钟满分:100分)班级______________姓名_____________第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JenniferfindsCeceliareadinganewspaperaloneintheroom.“HiCecelia,doyou_1_me?Jennifer.”The91-year-oldresidentatNewburgeldercarecentersaysafriendlyhello,butdoesn'tseemtorecognizeJennifertoday.It'sonenicespringafternoon.JenniferinvitesCeceliatogodowntothe_2_.ShehelpsCeceliaheadtotheelevator.Ceceliawheelsherselfforward,asJennifer_3_guidesherfrombehind.ThetwohavebeengettingtoknoweachotheroverthepastfewmonthssinceJennifer,therecentBostonUniversitygraduate,begantovolunteerinthecenter,_4_residentswithAlzheimer'sdisease(阿尔茨海默症).Downinthecourtyard,Ceceliabeginsreadingapoem,slowlyandlyrically.Jenniferlistensattentively,andthenasksifCeceliaknowswhowrotethepoem,tohelpherwitha“_5_stretch”.Together,theyreflectonthepoem'smeaning.Cecelia'sdeepunderstandingofthepoemsuggeststhatsheissucha_6_lady.JennifertellsCecelia,“You'retheonewhomakesme_7_cominghereeveryweek.Ilovelearningfromyou.You'relikemyteacher.”“Yougivetheoldpeoplea_8_tothinkandtoknowtheygetgoodcare,”Ceceliareplies.Jennifer'srelationshipwithCeceliahasplayedanimportantrolein_9_herpassionforlookingafteroldergenerations.“Weshouldtaketimetolistentothem.Justlisteningisanactof_10_,”Jennifersays.1.A.hear B.understand C.trust D.remember2.A.courtyard B.center C.elevator D.room3.A.bravely B.lightly C.gratefully D.immediately4.A.relyingon B.lookinginto C.appealingto D.caringfor5.A.hand B.leg C.brain D.back6.A.frank B.wise C.modest D.humorous7.A.lookforwardto B.payattentionto C.giveinto D.objectto8.A.dream B.method C.chance D.plan9.A.rediscovering B.exchanging C.consuming D.shaping10.A.friendship B.kindness C.loyalty D.courage第二节语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AResearchontherelationshipbetweengratitudeand_11_(physics)healthisstillexploring.Theevidenceofexistingstudiessuggeststhattheremaybeaconnection.Itappearsthatmoregratefulpeoplereportsleepingbetterandfeeling_12_(healthy).Besides,gratitudemayleadpeopletoengageinbehaviorsthathelpkeepthemhealthy,likenotsmoking.Nowresearchersstillneedtomakeitclear_17_gratitudeissogoodforourhealth.BMayandhisclassmatesarerunningacalligraphycompetitionintheirschool.Bytheendoflastmonth,they_14_(have)tworoundsofthecompetition.Nowtheyhave25students_15_(leave)forthefinal.Inordertoaccommodateinternationalstudents,everypieceofworkshouldbewritten_16_eitherChineseorEnglish.COnOctober12th,Shenzhou-14crewmembersgavealiveclasstothestudentsonEarth.Duringtheclass,thecrewshowedthestudentsascienceglove-box,_17_theplantsexperimentsareperformed.Then,theastronautshadreal-timeinteractionswithstudents_18_videocallsandtheyansweredstudents'questionslike"Whatkindsofplants_19_(bring)tospaceinfuturespaceflights?"Attheendoftheclass,thecrewsaid,“Weexpectyouguys_20_(build)ourspacehomebetterinthefuture.”第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheArchaeologyOfEnvironmentalChangeInstructor:Dr.JeanSmithOffice:No.280Tel:170-735-6511E-mail:jean-smith@OfficeHours:Tuesday9-11am.Ifyouprefer,Iamhappytosetupameetingonline.Ifyouhavequestions,pleaseemailme.Icheckmyemailsatleastonceaday,5days/weekandwillrespondtoallquestionswithin24hours,exceptonweekendsandholidays.“Environmentalchange”hasbecomeoneofthemostdebatedtopicsofourtime.Butisenvironmentalchangeanewphenomenon?Orhavehumansbeenfacedwithclimatechangeandbeenactiveagentsofenvironmentalchangeoverlongerperiodsoftime?Youwillfindanswersinthiscourse.LearningOutcomesInthiscourse,studentswillanalyzearangeofissuesrelatedtohuman-environmentinteractions.Forexample,studentswillanalyzehowdifferenthumaneconomicmotivationshaveaffectedtheirenvironmentsthroughtime.Studentswillexaminehowhumanactionscanaffecttheenvironment,andhowglobalenvironmentalchangecanaffecthumansocietiesandculturalheritageresourceslocallyindifferentways.Studentswillcompareandcontrastmodernresponsestoclimatechangewiththoseofpastsocieties.Bytheendoftheterm,studentsshouldbeabletodemonstrateabasicunderstandingoftheapproachestoenvironmentalreconstructionandarchaeologicalanalysis.CoursePlanThisisaWebCoursedeliveredcompletelyonline,whichmeansyouworkonthematerialsandturnassignmentsinonorbeforetheduedate.Youwillaccessonlinevideolectures,readings,films,assignments,quizzes,andresources.Accordingly,youmusthaveaccesstoafunctionalcomputerandareliableInternetconnection.RequiredReadingsBecauseofthevastnessofthetopicmatterforthisclass,thereisnorequiredtextbook.Instead,readingassignmentswillcomefromresearcharticles.Youmaypurchaseorborrowbooksfromthelibraryafteryougetthebooklist.Note:Thisdocumentisacourseplan,notalegalcontract.Ifyouhavequestions,talktomeduringmyofficehour.21.WhatdoweknowaboutDr.Smith'sworkschedule?A.Sherepliestostudents'emailseveryday.B.Shearrangesonlinemeetingsonweekends.C.Sheisavailableinherofficetwohoursaweek.D.Shemeetsstudentsfacetofacefivedaysaweek.22.Oneofthelearningfocusesofthecourseis__________A.howculturalheritagehasaffectedlocalsocietyB.howhumanshaveadjustedtohistoricalchangesC.howhumanactionshaveinfluencedtheenvironmentD.howpresentclimateisdifferentfromthatinthepast23.Whatshouldstudentsdobeforethecourse?A.Preparedevices. B.Buytextbooks. C.Pickabooklist. D.Dosomeresearch.BIwassittinginachemistrylabclassduringmyfirstyearofuniversity,nervousabouttheexperimentweweretoperform.Igrabbedapipette(吸液管)and,asIfeared,myhandstartedtoshake.Theexperiencewasdisheartening:Iwashopingtopursueacareerinscience,butIstartedtowonderwhetherthatwouldbepossible.Ithoughtmydreamshadcrashedtotheground.Iwasaboybornwithbraindamage.Myfamilymanagedtofindgooddoctorswherewelived,inLeningrad(nowSLPeterburg),Russia,andItookpartinclinicaltrialstestingnewtreatments.Shortlyaftermyfirstbirthday,Istartedwalkinganditbecameclearmyintelligencefunctionwasunaffected.So,insomesense,Iwaslucky.Still,Icouldn'tdosomethingsgrowingup.Bothhandsshook,especiallywhenIwasnervousorembarrassed.Mylefthandwasmuchworsethanmyright,soIlearnedtowriteanddosimpletaskswithmyrighthand,butitwasn'teasytodoanythingprecisely.Asateenager,Ifacedalotofbullyingatschool.Feelingalone,Ijoinedastudygroupcalled"Thenaturalworld".Ithoughtthatgettingintotheworldofanimalswouldkeepmeawayfrompeople.That'showIcameintothefieldofbiology.Atuniversity,Ienjoyedthelectureinmyscienceclasses.Manylabtasksprovedimpossible,however.AsIstruggledwithmymood,Ireadabookaboutdepression.Fromthenon,thephysiologyofmentaldisordersbecamemyscientificpassion.Ilookedintowhatwasbeingdonelocallyandwasexcitedtodiscoveralabthatdidbehavioralexperimentsinratstostudydepression.Attheendofmysecondyear,IapproachedtheprofessorofthelabtoseewhetherIcouldworkwithher.IwasafraidtoadmitIcouldn'tdosomelabtasks.Tomyrelief,shewascompletelysupportive.Shesetmetoworkperformingbehavioralexperimentsforothersinthelabwiththehelpofcolleagues.Ilovedthesupportiveatmosphereandstayedtheretocompletemymaster'sandPh.D.I'vecometorealizethatmyhandsaren'tthebarrierIthoughttheywere.Bymakinguseofmyabilitiesandworkingaspartofateam,I'vebeenabletofollowmypassions.I'vealsorealizedthatthere'smuchmoretobeingascientistthanperformingthephysicallabor.Imaynotcollectallthedatainmypapers,butI'mfullycapableofdesigningexperimentsandinterpretingresults,which,tome,isthemostexcitingpartofscience.24.Whatwastheauthor'sdream?A.Toliveanormallife. B.Tobecomeascientist.C.Togetamaster'sdegree. D.Torecoverfromdepression.25.TheauthorsaidhewasluckyinParagraph2because_____________.A.hedidn'tlosethefunctionofbothhandsB.helearnedhowtowalkattheageofoneC.hisfamilycouldaffordtoseegooddoctorsD.hisbraindamagedidn'taffecthisintellectualcapacity26.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoexpress?A.Lovingyourselfmakesadifference.B.Opportunityfollowspreparedpeople.C.Abrightfuturebeginswithasmalldream.D.Thesunsomehowshinesthroughthestorm.CEveryrobotistrainedinsomewaytodoatask.Byseeingwhattodo,robotscancopythewayofdoingthetask.Buttheydosounthinkingly,perhapsrelyingonsensorstotrytoreducecollisionrisks,ratherthanhavinganyunderstandingofwhytheyareperformingthetaskorwheretheyarewithinphysicalspace.Itmeanstheywilloftenmakemistakes—hittingtheobjectintheirway,forinstance.HodLipsonandhiscolleaguesaretryingtofacethechallenge.Theyplacedarobotarminalaboratorywhereitwassurroundedbyfourcamerasatgroundlevelandonecameraaboveit.Thesefedvideoimagesbacktoadeepneuralnetwork,aformofAI,connectedtotherobotthatmonitoreditsmovementwithinthespace.For3hours,therobotarmmovedrandomlyandtheneuralnetworkwasfedinformationaboutthearm'smechanicalinputsandwatchedhowitrespondedbyseeingwhereitmovedtointhespace.Thisgeneratednearly8,000datapoints—andtheteamgeneratedanadditional10,000throughasimulationoftherobotinavirtualversionofitsenvironment.TotesthowwelltheAIhadworked,acloud-likediagramwasgeneratedtoshowwheretheneuralnetwork“thought”thearmshouldbefoundasitmoved.Itwasaccuratetowithin1percent,meaningiftheworkspacewas1metrewide,thesystemcorrectlyestimateditspositiontowithin1centimetre.Iftheneuralnetworkisconsideredtobepartoftherobotitself,thissuggeststherobothastheabilitytovisualisewhereitphysicallyisatanygivenmoment.“Tome,thisisthefirsttimeinthehistoryofroboticsthatarobothasbeenabletocreateamentalmodelofitself,”saysLipson.“It'sasmallstep,butit'sasignofthingstocome.”Learningabouttheresearch,AndrewHundtattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologysays,“Thereispotentialforfurtherresearchtoleadtousefulapplicationsbasedonthismethod,butnotself-perception.Thecomputersimplymatchesshapeandmotionpatternsthathappentobeintheshapeofarobotarmthatmoves.”DavidCameronattheUniversityofSheffield,UK,alsosaysthatfollowingaspecifiedpathtocompleteagoaliseasilyachievedbyexistingrobots.27.HodLipson'sworkfocusesonrobots'__________A.flexibility B.self-awareness C.deep-learningability D.errorcorrection28.Whatisthefunctionoftheneuralnetworkintheexperiment?A.Toprocessandtransformneuralinformation.B.TostudyandsimulateAI'svirtualenvironment.C.Toanalyseandpredictthearm'spositionchanges.D.Torecordandoutputthevideoimagesoftherobot.29.Asfortheresultoftheexperiment,AndrewHundtis___________A.sympatheticB.contentC.uncertainD.disapproving30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Todiscussascientificconcept.B.Toassessascientificfinding.C.Tointroduceascienceapplication.D.Topresentascienceresearch.DHardlyadaygoesbywithoutacompanytellingusinitsbeautifullycraftedadvertisinghowmuchitcontributestotheenvironmentonourbehalf.Flowersgrowoutofpower-stationchimneys;SUVsarepresentedinnaturalhabitats;oilcompaniesusesunny,friendlylogosandpromisecleanertechnologies—although,infact,theyfailtomakeenoughinvestmentinrenewableoralternativeenergysources.Statisticsaremadeup,andthetiniestecologicalimprovementsareoverstatedinmulti-milliondollaradvertisingcampaigns,whileinthemeantimethegreedysideofthebusinesscontinues.Thisisknownasgreenwashing,whichmeans“makingthingsthatarenotgreenlookgreen”.ThephenomenonhaslongexistedsincethefirstEarthDayin1970,whencompaniesspent$300millionadvertisingthemselvesasgreencompanies—manytimesmorethanthemoneytheyactuallyspentonresearchintopollutionreductionitself.Andthetrendcontinuedoverthefollowingdecadeswhensomeoftheplanet'sworstpolluterstriedtopassthemselvesoffaseco-friendly.Asthepublic'senvironmentalawarenessgrew,sotoodidtheexperienceofcorporatepublicrelationsstrategies,andadvertisersfoundever-more-creativewaystouseagreencurtaintohidedarkmotives.Ofcourse,somebusinessesaregenuinelycommittedtomakingtheworldabetter,greenerplace.Butwhenacompanyspendsmoretimeandmoneyclaimingtobe“green”thanactuallyadoptingbusinesspracticesthatminimizeenvironmentalimpact,itisclearthat,forthem,environmentalismislittlemorethanaconvenientslogan.Theirmessageis“buyourproductsandyouwillendglobalwarming,improveairqualityandsavetheoceans”.Atbest,suchgreenwashingpushesthefacttoitslimits;atworst,ithelpsconcealdeception.Andwhatabouttoday'sconsumers?Fewofthemaretrulywell-equippedtomakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhatistrue.Greenwashingisonlypossiblebecauseconsumersoftenbelievewhattheyarebeingtold—whyelsewouldcompaniesdoit?Moreinformationandgreaterawarenessareessential.Analysingthetricksusedbyadvertisersshouldbepartofeveryschoolcurriculum.Non-governmentalorganisationscanspreadtheword.Consumergroupscanpunishthegreenwashingcompanies.Butitisnotenough.Legallyenforceablesystemsmustbeputinplace.Sowhatisalreadybeingdoneaboutplannedattemptstopullthewooloverconsumers'eyes?IntheUnitedStates,theFederalTradeCommissionistakingactionagainstmisleadingadvertisingclaims.FrancehaspublishedGreenclaimsGuidance,stressingthat“anadvertisementmustavoidconveyingamessagecontrarytotheacceptedprinciplesofsustainabledevelopment”.Allofthesesurelyaretheheartofthematter:thetrueimpactofadvertisingisthepromotionofunsustainablelifestyles.Andthereinliestherealdangertoourplanet,adangerwhichcannotbeignoredanylonger.31.Whatcanwelearnaboutgreenwashing?A.Itisanecologicalconcept. B.Itisamarketingtechnique.C.Itisanawarenesscampaign. D.Itisanadvertisinginnovation.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“concealdeception”inParagraph3mean?A.hidethetruth. B.Raisetherisk.C.Exposetheweakness. D.Breakthelimit.33.Whatcanbeinferredaboutmostconsumers?A.Theyarelackinginlegalknowledge. B.Theyhaveencouragedgreenwashing.C.Theymayquestionconsumergroups. D.Theytendtomakesensibledecisions.34.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Actionstofightfalseadvertising. B.Waystoprotectcustomers'interest.C.attemptstosolveenvironmentalproblems. D.proposalstoensuresustainabledevelopment.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhyBoundariesatWorkAreEssential?Whatisaboundary,youask?Aboundaryisalimitdefiningyouinrelationtosomeoneorsomething._35_Ifyouhaveinformedsomeonethatthisisyourofficespace,yourdesk,oryourchair,youhaveattemptedtosetphysicalboundaries.Lettingco-workersknowyouarenotcomfortableshakingtheirhandsorhuggingthemataholidayparty,especiallywithCovidatthistime,isanotherexampleofsettingaphysicalboundary.Itisofteneasiertounderstandaphysicalboundary.Emotionalormentalboundariesmaybesubtler(更微妙的)._36_Emotionalboundariesarerelatedtoourfeelingsandhowsomethingorsomeone'sbehavioraffectsus.Forexample,ifabosstreatsyoudisrespectfulybyyellingatyouoracolleaguefrequentlyinterruptsyouinmeetings,youarelikelytofeelhurt,embarrassed,andperhapsangry.Understandably,byhavingacourageousconversationwithbothyourbossandco-workerabouttheirbehavior,theimpactithasonyou,andyourexpectationsregardingfuturebehavior,youaresettinghealthyemotionalboundariesforyourselfatwork.Sometimeswesetaboundarythatisacombinationofbothaphysicalandemotionalone._37_Oneexampleofthisisbeingrepeatedlyaskedtoworklateduringtheweek/weekendsorwhileonvacation.AnotherexampleisbeingrequiredtoseetoomanyclientsorpatientstothepointwefeeltiredattheendofthedayandexhaustedbyFriday.Often,theaboveworkplacedemandsleadtoincreasedstressandahighpotentialforburnout(倦怠)overtime.Mentalboundariesarerelatedtoourbeliefs,values,culturalnorms,ethics(道德),andstandards.Forexample,youvalueaworkplaceculturethattreatsemployeesandclientswithrespectanddignityandactsethically.Aftersixmonths,yourealizethatcompanyleadersarerepeatedlybehavinginwaysnotconsistentwiththis._38_Overtime,thismayleadtosignificantstressandphysicalsymptomswithin._39_Boundariesservemanyfunctions.Theyhelpprotectus,clarifyourresponsibility,preserveourphysicalandemotionalenergy,andliveourvaluesandstandards.Learningtheskillofboundarysettinghelpsempowerustoprioritizeourvaluesandwell-beingandbettermanageourstress.Identifying,setting,andmaintainingboundariesareskills—valuableskillsthat,unfortunately,weareoftennottaughtinschoolortheworkplace.A.Whyareboundariesimportant?B.However,theyareequally,ifnotmore,important.C.Therefore,weneedtotellthedifferencebetweenthem.D.Settingaboundaryintheaboveexamplemaybequitehelpful.E.Boundariescanbephysical,mental,emotional,tangible,orintangible.F.Yourvaluesandethicalstandardsdon'tmatchwithyourcompany's,whichlikelywillleadtointernalconflict.G.Suchboundariesofteninvolvebeingaskedtodomorethanwefeelcapableofforanextendedperiodoftime.第三部分：书面表达(共三节，32分)第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Lastyear,Ibakedbiscuitsforcompletestrangerstosay"thankyou".I'dhadtocall999becauseIfoundmyhusbandunconsciousonthefloor.Withinminutes,apolicecararrivedandsoonmyhusbandreceivedmedicalcareinhospital.Aweeklater,whenIdroppedoffstill-warmbiscuitsandpresentedathank-younoteatthepolicestation,thepolicementhankedmefordeliveringgifts.Idroveawayfeelinglightandhappy.Later,Irealizedthatmynaturalhighmighthavebeenmorethanitseemed.Researchhasshownthatsharinggratitudehaspositiveeffectsonhealth.Peoplewhoexpressgratitudewillincreasetheirhappinesslevels,lowertheirbloodpressureandgetbettersleep.Whataboutpeoplewhoreceivegratitude?Researchhasconfirmedthatwhenpeoplereceivethanks,theyexperiencepositiveemotions.“Thosearehappysurprises,”saysJo-AnnTsang,aprofessorofpsychology.Whensomeoneisthanked,he'smorelikelytoreturnthefavororpasskindnesson,andhischancesofbeinghelpfulagaindoubles,probablybecauseheenjoysfeelingsociallyvalued.Thegive-and-takeofgratitudealsodeepensrelationships.Studiesshowthatwhenyourlovedonesregularlyexpressgratitude,makingyoufeelappreciated,you'remorelikelytoreturnappreciativefeelings,whichleadstomoresatisfactoryinyourrelationships.Nowadays,however,manypeopledon'texpressgratitude.Ourmodernlifestylemaybetoblame.Withcommercialandsocialmedia,everythingisspeedingtheyoungergenerationtofeelthey'rethecenteroftheworld.Ifit'sallaboutthem,whythankothers?Whynotthankothers?Justtakealookathowmanypositiveeffectscansaying"thankyou"haveonpersonalhealth—andthewell-beingofothers.Ifyouare