福建福耀科技大学《大学英语精读》2025-2026学年期末试卷

福建福耀科技大学《大学英语精读》2025-2026学年期末试卷一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

1.In"RomeoandJuliet,"therecurringmotifoflightanddarknessprimarilysymbolizes（）.

A.ThecontrastbetweenVerona'ssocialclassesB.Theemotionalturmoilofthelovers'fateC.ThephilosophicaldebateonexistenceD.ThepoliticalconflictbetweentheMontaguesandCapulets

2.AccordingtoKeynesianeconomics,whichofthefollowingisconsideredakeydeterminantofaggregatedemandintheshortrun（）?

A.InterestratesB.ConsumerconfidenceC.ThemoneysupplyD.Technologicalinnovation

3.Inthefieldofcognitivepsychology,theserialpositioneffectbestdescribes（）.

A.Therelationshipbetweenlong-termandshort-termmemoryB.TheinfluenceofpriorknowledgeonlearningC.ThetendencytorecallitemsfromthebeginningorendofalistmoreeasilyD.Theroleofsleepinmemoryconsolidation

4.WhichofthefollowingisadefiningcharacteristicofRomanticisminliterature（）?

A.EmphasisonrationalityandscientificinquiryB.Focusontheindividual'semotionalandimaginativeexperienceC.AdvocacyforpoliticalandsocialreformD.Celebrationofurbanandindustriallife

5.Inthecontextofinternationalrelations,theconceptof"softpower"refersto（）.

A.MilitaryinterventionB.EconomicsanctionsC.CulturalinfluenceandattractionD.Diplomaticnegotiations

6.AccordingtoDarwin'stheoryofevolution,naturalselectionoperateson（）.

A.IndividualorganismsB.SpeciesasawholeC.GenesinisolationD.Theentirebiosphere

7.IntheworksofJaneAusten,thethemeofmarriageoftenreflects（）.

A.TheeconomicandsocialconstraintsoftheeraB.TheromanticidealofloveC.ThescientificstudyofhumanbehaviorD.Thepoliticalstrugglesofthetime

8.WhichofthefollowingisaprimaryfunctionoftheFederalReserveSystemintheUnitedStates（）?

A.SettingtaxratesB.RegulatingcommercialbanksC.ManagingthenationalbudgetD.Conductingforeignpolicy

9.Inthefieldofliterarycriticism,theformalistapproachemphasizes（）.

A.ThehistoricalandsocialcontextofaworkB.Theauthor'sbiographyandintentionsC.ThestructuralandstylisticelementsofthetextD.Thepoliticalmessagesembeddedinthenarrative

10.AccordingtoMarxisttheory,the"base"ofsocietyrefersto（）.

A.TheculturalandideologicalsuperstructureB.TheeconomicrelationsandmodeofproductionC.ThepoliticalinstitutionsandpowerstructuresD.Thesocialclassesandtheirrelations

二、多项选择题（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）

1.Whichofthefollowingarekeycomponentsofasustainabledevelopmentstrategy（）?

A.EconomicgrowthB.SocialequityC.EnvironmentalprotectionD.TechnologicalinnovationE.Politicalstability

2.Inthestudyoforganizationalbehavior,factorsthatinfluenceemployeemotivationinclude（）.

A.Maslow'shierarchyofneedsB.Herzberg'stwo-factortheoryC.ExpectancytheoryD.EquitytheoryE.Self-determinationtheory

3.Themajorthemesinexistentialistphilosophyinclude（）.

A.TheabsurdityofhumanexistenceB.ThesearchformeaningC.FreedomandresponsibilityD.TheexistenceofanobjectiverealityE.Therelationshipbetweentheindividualandsociety

4.Inthecontextofglobaleconomics,theterm"comparativeadvantage"refersto（）.

A.TheabilityofacountrytoproduceagoodataloweropportunitycostthananothercountryB.ThedifferenceinlaborproductivitybetweencountriesC.Thegapbetweenacountry'simportsandexportsD.TheexchangeratefluctuationsaffectingtradeE.Thegovernmentpoliciespromotingdomesticindustries

5.Theprimarygoalsofpublichealthpolicyinclude（）.

A.DiseasepreventionB.HealthpromotionC.HealthcareaccessD.HealthequityE.Economicdevelopment

三、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

1.Intheplay"Hamlet,"thesoliloquy"Tobe,ornottobe"isaprofoundexplorationof_______andthemoraldilemmaofexistence.

2.Accordingtothetheoryofplatetectonics,theEarth'slithosphereisdividedintoseverallargeandsmall_______thatfloatonthesemi-fluidasthenosphere.

3.Theconceptof"culturalrelativism"suggeststhatmoralandethicalstandardsshouldbeunderstoodwithinthecontextofaparticular_______.

4.InKeynesianeconomics,the"multipliereffect"referstotheincreaseinaggregatedemandthatresultsfromaninitialchangein_______.

5.Thenovel"1984"byGeorgeOrwellisaseminalworkinthegenreof_______thatcritiquestotalitarianismandsurveillance.

6.Theprocessbywhichplantsconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergyisknownas_______.

7.Inthestudyoflinguistics,the"Sapir-Whorfhypothesis"proposesthatthelanguageonespeaksinfluencesone'sperceptionof_______.

8.The"GreatDepression"ofthe1930swasaperiodofsevereeconomicdownturncharacterizedbyhigh_______andwidespreadunemployment.

9.Inthefieldofsocialpsychology,the"bystandereffect"referstothephenomenonwhereindividualsarelesslikelytoofferhelpinanemergencywhenotherpeoplearepresent.

10.The"heliocentricmodel"ofthesolarsystem,proposedbyCopernicus,placedthe_______atthecenteroftheuniverse.

四、材料分析题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）

Material1:

"Theworldisflat,"aphrasepopularizedbyThomasFriedman,referstotheideathatglobalizationhasleveledtheplayingfieldforinternationaltradeandcompetition.Inhisbook,Friedmanarguesthattechnologicaladvancements,particularlyincommunicationandtransportation,havemadeiteasierforbusinessestooperateacrossborders.Thishasledtoincreasedeconomicintegrationandtheriseofaglobalmarketplacewherecompaniesfromdifferentcountriescancompetedirectlywithoneanother.

Material2:

However,theflatworldconcepthasalsofacedcriticism.Criticsarguethatwhileglobalizationhascreatednewopportunities,ithasalsoexacerbatedinequalitiesandmarginalizeddevelopingcountries.Theypointoutthatthebenefitsofglobalizationareoftenunevenlydistributed,withmultinationalcorporationsgainingthemostwhilelocalindustriesstruggletocompete.Additionally,theenvironmentalimpactofincreasedglobaltradeandproductionisaconcernformany.

1.AccordingtoThomasFriedman,whatarethekeyfactorsthathavecontributedtothe"flatworld"phenomenon,andhowhavethesefactorsaffectedinternationaltradeandcompetition?

2.Discussthecriticismsofthe"flatworld"concept,focusingontheissuesofinequality,environmentalimpact,andthechallengesfacedbydevelopingcountriesintheglobalmarketplace.

Material3:

"Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hasrevolutionizedvariousindustries,fromhealthcaretofinance.AI-poweredsystemscananalyzevastamountsofdata,makepredictions,andautomatetasksthatwerepreviouslydonebyhumans.WhileAIoffersnumerousbenefits,suchasimprovedefficiencyandaccuracy,italsoraisesethicalconcernsregardingprivacy,jobdisplacement,andthepotentialformisuse.

Material4:

ProponentsofAIarguethatithasthepotentialtosolvesomeoftheworld'smostpressingproblems,suchasclimatechangeanddisease.TheybelievethatAIcanhelpoptimizeresourceallocation,developnewtechnologies,andimprovedecision-makingprocesses.However,opponentsworrythattherelianceonAIcouldleadtoalossofhumanautonomyandcreateasocietywheremachinesmakeimportantdecisionsforus.

1.Whatarethepotentialbenefitsandethicalconcernsassociatedwiththeriseofartificialintelligence,andhowdotheyimpactvariousindustriesandsocietyasawhole?

2.AnalyzetheargumentsofbothproponentsandopponentsofAI,anddiscusstheimpli