2026年新高考化学非谓语动词专项卷含解析

2026年新高考化学非谓语动词专项卷含解析考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、单项选择1._______oxygen,ironwillgraduallyrust.A.ReactingwithB.ReactedwithC.ToreactwithD.Havingreactedwith2.Thepurposeofthisexperimentistoinvestigatehowthereactionratechanges_______temperature.A.withB.forC.byD.on3._______bymanychemists,theperiodictableorganizeselementsbasedontheiratomicnumber.A.DiscoveringB.TobediscoveredC.DiscoveredD.Beingdiscovered4.Water_______hydrogenandoxygenisafundamentalchemicalprinciple.A.ComposedofB.ComposingofC.TocomposeofD.Comprises5.Sheshowedgreatinterest_______collectingraremineralsandreadingabouttheirproperties.A.inB.onC.atD.for6._______moreinformationabouttheelement'sbehavior,theresearchersconductednumerousexperiments.A.FindB.FindingC.TofindD.Found7.Themolecule,_______electronseasily,ishighlyreactive.A.LosingB.LostC.ToloseD.Havinglost8.Thisbookisintended_______studentswhowant_______adeeperunderstandingoforganicchemistry.A.for;togainB.to;gainC.for;gainD.to;gaining9._______inalabcoat,thescientistcarefullymeasuredthevolumeoftheliquid.A.WearingB.WearC.WornD.Towear10.Theeffect_______thecatalystonthereactionspeedcannotbeignored.A.doingB.doneC.todoD.beingdone11._______aboutthestructureoftheatom,MarieCuriemadesignificantcontributionstoscience.A.KnowingB.KnownC.ToknowD.Havingknown12.Manycompoundscontainatoms_______havedifferentelectronegativities.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that13.Itisimportant_______thesafetyinstructionsbeforestartinganyexperiment.A.followB.tofollowC.followingD.followed14.Theman_______theawardlastnightisaleadingresearcherinbiochemistry.A.winningB.wonC.whowonD.thatwon15._______limitedbytheamountofavailablereactants,thereactionstoppedafterafewminutes.A.BeingB.TobeC.HavingbeenD.Havingbeenconsidered二、多项选择16.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusenon-finiteverbs?A.Swimmingismyfavoritehobby.B.Theteam,winningthematch,was庆祝.C.Itisimportanttoanalyzethedatacarefully.D.Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.17.Choosethesentenceswheretheunderlinednon-finiteverbfunctionsasanadjective:A.Therunningwateriscold.B.Hisbrokenarmneedstreatment.C.Shehasmanyinterestingbookstoread.D.Theproblemisdifficulttosolve.18.Selectthesentenceswheretheunderlinednon-finiteverbisusedasacomplement:A.Theexperimentseemedexcitingtous.B.Heappearedtiredafterthelongjourney.C.Mydreamistobecomeachemist.D.Theteacheraskedmetoopenthewindow.19.Whichsentencescorrectlyusethestructure“verb+宾语+不定式”?A.Wehopetoseeprogressinhisresearchsoon.B.Shedecidedtoleavethemeetingearly.C.Hemadeuslaughbyperformingamagictrick.D.Thecoursehelpsstudentslearnhowtoconductexperiments.20.Identifythesentenceswheretheunderlinednon-finiteverbfunctionsasanadverbialphrase:A.Havingfinishedthereport,hewenthome.B.Toimproveskills,onemustpracticeregularly.C.Thestudentsarebusypreparingfortheexam.D.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.三、句型转换21.Changethefollowingsentenceintoapassiveoneusinganon-finiteverbphrase:*Active:Scientistsdiscoveredanewelementlastyear.________________________________________________________________________22.Rewritethesentenceusingan-ingformasthesubject:*Active:Readingthechemicaljournalhelpshimstayupdated.________________________________________________________________________23.Transformthesentenceintooneusinganinfinitivephraseasthesubject:*Active:Itisnecessaryforstudentstounderstandtheprinciples.________________________________________________________________________24.Changethefollowingsentenceintooneusingaparticiplephraseasanadverbial:*Active:Thesunsetsbehindthemountainsintheevening.________________________________________________________________________25.Rewritethesentenceusinganappropriatenon-finiteverbformafter"ask":*Active:Theteacheraskedthestudentstoexplaintheconcept.________________________________________________________________________四、短文填空Thestudyofchemistryinvolvesunderstandingthebehaviorofmatteratamolecularlevel.Studentsmustlearntoanalyze26(analyze)complexreactionsandinterpretdataaccurately.Itisessential27(prepare)forlaboratoryworkbymasteringbasictechniquesandsafetyprotocols.Manychemistsaredriven28(make)breakthroughsthatcanbenefitsociety,suchasdevelopingnewmedicinesorfindingsustainableenergysources.Toachievethis,persistenteffortandawillingness29(learn)frombothsuccessesandfailuresarerequired.Ultimately,thegoalis30(understand)thefundamentallawsgoverningtheuniverse.试卷答案一、单项选择1.A2.A3.C4.A5.A6.B7.A8.A9.A10.C11.A12.D13.B14.C15.A二、多项选择16.A,B,C,D17.B,C18.A,B,C,D19.A,B,C,D20.A,B,D三、句型转换21.Anewelementwasdiscoveredbyscientistslastyear.22.Readingthechemicaljournalhelpshimstayupdated.23.Tounderstandtheprinciplesisnecessaryforstudents.24.Settingbehindthemountains,thesuncreatesabeautifulsightintheevening.25.Theteacheraskedthestudentstoexplaintheconcept.四、短文填空26.analyzing27.toprepare28.tomake29.tolearn30.tounderstand解析思路一、单项选择1.分析：句意为“与氧气反应，铁会逐渐生锈”。此处需要一个非谓语动词作状语，表示与氧气的动作。Reactingwithoxygen表示主动、伴随的状态，符合句意。故选A。2.分析：句意为“本实验的目的是研究反应速率如何随温度变化”。变化与温度的关系用介词with表示。故选A。3.分析：句意为“被许多化学家发现，周期表根据原子序数组织元素”。Theperiodictable是被动关系，且作主语，应用过去分词作定语。故选C。4.分析：句意为“水是由氢和氧组成的”。Composedof意为“由…组成”，符合句意，此处作后置定语，逻辑主语是Water，与of构成固定搭配。故选A。5.分析：句意为“她对收集稀有矿物和阅读它们的性质很感兴趣”。showinterestin为固定搭配，表示“对…感兴趣”。故选A。6.分析：句意为“为了找到更多关于该元素行为的信息，研究人员进行了大量实验”。此处应用现在分词作原因状语，表示目的。故选B。7.分析：句意为“这个分子很容易失去电子，因此非常活泼”。Losingelectronseasily表示主动、正在进行或原因，作原因状语。故选A。8.分析：句意为“这本书是给那些想获得更深入有机化学理解的学生准备的”。beintendedforsb.意为“旨在给某人”，故第一个空用for。wanttodosth.意为“想要做某事”。故选A。9.分析：句意为“穿着实验服，科学家仔细测量了液体的体积”。此处应用现在分词作伴随状语，表示动作发生时正在进行的动作。故选A。10.分析：句意为“催化剂对反应速率的影响不能被忽视”。Theeffect是动作的承受者，应用不定式作后置定语，表示被影响。故选C。11.分析：句意为“了解了原子的结构，玛丽·居里为科学做出了巨大贡献”。此处应用现在分词作原因状语，表示在了解结构的基础上做出贡献。故选A。12.分析：句意为“许多化合物包含原子，这些原子有不同的电负性”。这里需要一个关系代词引导定语从句，修饰atoms，并在从句中作宾语。that在从句中作宾语时可以省略，且指物。故选D。13.分析：句意为“在开始任何实验之前，遵循安全说明很重要”。Itisimportanttodosth.为固定句型。故选B。14.分析：句意为“昨晚获奖的那个人是一位生物化学领域的顶尖研究人员”。Theman是主语，won是谓语动词，需用关系代词who或that引导定语从句修饰Theman，并在从句中作主语。选项C和D是定语从句，但缺少连接词。选项A的winning不能直接作表语。选项C在语法结构上不成立。这里应该理解为“Themanwhowontheaward...”，但题目要求选择关系代词本身，根据常见题干简化形式，此处C和D不合适，A和B理论上都可以，但B更符合新高考趋势，将动作与主语直接关联。此处按更常见的关系代词考察，选C。*（注：此题在简化定语从句考察时可能存在歧义，标准答案应选C，指人且在从句中作主语，但需注意题干简化可能带来的困惑）*15.分析：句意为“由于受可用反应物数量的限制，反应在几分钟后就停止了”。Beinglimitedby...表示被动、被限制的状态，作原因状语，说明反应停止的原因。故选A。二、多项选择16.解析：A.Swimmingismyfavoritehobby.Swimming(动名词)作主语。正确。B.Theteam,winningthematch,wascelebrating.Winning(现在分词)作后置定语修饰team，表主动。正确。C.Itisimportanttoanalyzethedatacarefully.Toanalyze(不定式)作主语。正确。D.Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.Seen(过去分词)作前置定语修饰city，表被动。正确。故全选。17.解析：A.Therunningwateriscold.Running(现在分词)作后置定语修饰water，表主动、正在进行。正确。B.Hisbrokenarmneedstreatment.Broken(过去分词)作后置定语修饰arm，表被动、受损状态。正确。C.Shehasmanyinterestingbookstoread.Toread(不定式)作后置定语修饰books，表将来或目的。错误，应为不定式作定语时通常不用to。D.Theproblemisdifficulttosolve.Tosolve(不定式)作后置定语修饰problem，表难易程度。正确。故选B，C。18.解析：A.Theexperimentseemedexcitingtous.Exciting(现在分词)作表语，表示实验本身具有使人兴奋的属性。正确。B.Heappearedtiredafterthelongjourney.Tired(过去分词)作表语，表示他看起来很累的状态。正确。C.Mydreamistobecomeachemist.Tobecome(不定式)作表语，说明梦想的内容。正确。D.Theteacheraskedmetoopenthewindow.Toopen(不定式)作宾语补足语，说明asked的对象。正确。故全选。19.解析：A.Wehopetoseeprogressinhisresearchsoon.Tosee(不定式)作宾语hope的宾语。正确。B.Shedecidedtoleavethemeetingearly.Toleave(不定式)作宾语decided的宾语。正确。C.Hemadeuslaughbyperformingamagictrick.Toperform(不定式)作宾语made的宾语补足语，说明performed的方式。正确。D.Thecoursehelpsstudentslearnhowtoconductexperiments.Tolearn(不定式)作宾语helps的宾语补足语，说明helped的内容。正确。故全选。20.解析：A.Havingfinishedthereport,hewenthome.Havingfinished(现在分词的完成式)作时间状语，表示动作发生在went之前。正确。B.Toimproveskills,onemustpracticeregularly.Toimprove(不定式)作目的状语，说明主句的目的。正确。C.Thestudentsarebusypreparingfortheexam.Preparing(现在分词)作伴随状语，表示学生一边准备一边忙碌。错误，应为bebusytodosth.。D.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.Reading(现在分词)作伴随状语，表示他坐着的同时在看书。正确。故选A，B，D。三、句型转换21.解析：原句是主动语态，“科学家发现了新元素”。转换为被动语态，使用非谓语动词短语时，常用“befound/given/considered等+不定式（tobedone）”或“be+分词（过去分词/现在分词）”。此处用“bediscovered+不定式（tobe）”。句子结构变为：Anewelementwasdiscoveredtobe...。但更自然的表达是直接将主被动调换，或用“be+过去分词”。标准答案采用后者：Anewelementwasdiscoveredbyscientistslastyear.（此题要求用非谓语动词短语，标准答案可能有争议，若严格要求非谓语，则为“...wasdiscoveredtobefound”。但常见被动句型直接用bedone，故按常规被动句处理。）22.解析：原句是主动语态，“阅读化学期刊帮助他保持更新”。改为用-ing形式作主语，“阅读化学期刊”是动作，用动名词形式Reading。句子结构变为：Readingthechemicaljournal,[谓语部分]...。补充谓语：Readingthechemicaljournalhelpshimstayupdated.23.解析：原句是主动语态，“学生理解原理是必要的”。转换为用不定式短语作主语，“学生理解原理”是动作或状态，用不定式形式Tounderstandtheprinciples。句子结构变为：Tounderstandtheprinciples,[谓语部分]...。补充谓语：Tounderstandtheprinciplesisnecessaryforstudents.或更简洁：Tounderstandtheprincip