2017-2018高中英语（外研版）选修六Module5PeriodThree

PeriodThreeGrammar&Writing语法感知Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空1．Nowmyonlythoughtswere，“IwishIhadnotcreated(not，create)thiscreature，IwishIwas(be)ontheothersideoftheworld，IwishIcoulddisappear(disappear)！”2．mnottheheadofthelaboratory.IfIweremnottheheadofthelaboratory.IfIwere(be)，Iwouldn’tallow(not，allow)thisresearch.3．IfIhadstudied(study)hardbefore，Iwouldhavegone(go)totheuniversity.4．Ifitweren’t(not，be)finetomorrow，wewouldnotgo(not，go)climbing.5．Ididn’tthinkaboutitcarefullyenough.IwishIhadthought(think)morecarefully.Ⅱ.完成句子1．如果你那时听医生的话，你现在就会没事了。Youwouldbeallrightnowifyouhadlistenedtothedoctorthen.2．当时如果你说得清楚些，别人就会听懂你说的了。Ifyouhadspokenclearly，youwouldhavemadeyourselfunderstood.3．我不知道你要来，否则我就到机场接你了。Ididn’tknowyouwoulde，otherwiseIwouldhavemetyouattheairport.4．我真希望能知道他房间里正发生什么。IwishIknewwhatishappeninginhisroom.5．要不是几次中断，会议半小时前就该结束了。Butfortheseinterruptionsthemeetingwouldhavefinishedhalfanhourago.语法精析语气(mood)是一种动词形式，表示说话人的意图或态度。英语中有陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观愿望、假想或建议。一、非真实条件句的三种情况：用法if引导的非真实条件句中的谓语动词形式主句中谓语动词形式表示与现在事实相反的假设动词过去式(be动词一般用were)would/should/might/could＋动词原形表示与过去事实相反的假设had＋动词的过去分词形式would/should/might/couldhave＋动词的过去分词形式与将来事实相反的假设(1)动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)(2)should＋动词原形(3)wereto＋动词原形would/should/might/could＋动词原形Ifhewereherenow，wewouldhavethemeeting.如果他现在在这儿，我们就开会。(与现在事实相反)Hewouldhavepassedthedrivingtestifhehadtakenyouradvice.他如果采纳了你的建议，就会通过驾驶考试的。(与过去事实相反)Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow，theywouldnotgooutforapicnic.如果明天下雨的话，他们就不去野餐了。(与将来事实相反)[题组训练1](1)用所给词的正确形式填空①Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwehaddriven(drive)inturn，youwouldn’thavegotsotired.②Sheisbusynow.Ifshewere(be)here，shewouldgowithyou.(2)完成句子如果她明天来，我们就举行晚会。Ifshecame/shoulde/weretoetomorrow，wewouldholdtheparty.二、在动词wish后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，表示不可能实现的愿望。宾语从句中的谓语动词有以下三种形式：用法宾语从句中谓语动词的形式表示目前不可能实现的愿望动词过去式(be动词一般用were)表示过去不可能实现的愿望had＋动词的过去分词形式表示将来不可能实现的愿望would/could＋动词原形IwishIwerenotsobusynow.我希望我现在不那么忙碌。Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishIhadnotgonetoit.那次画展把我烦死了，真希望我没有去。IwishIwouldgotothemoononeday.我希望有一天我将去月球。[题组训练2]用所给词的正确形式填空(1)Iwish(that)Ihadmet(meet)thefilmstaryesterday.(2)IwishIwere(be)abirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky.(3)IwishIcould(can)beofsomeuseinthefuture.三、错综时间条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做错综时间条件句。主句和从句谓语动词的形式要根据各自所表示的时间作出相应的调整。Ifyouhadn’twatchedTVyesterday，youwouldn’tbesosleepynow.如果你昨天不看电视，你现在也就不会这么困了。(if条件句是对过去的虚拟，故用过去完成时，而主句是对现在的虚拟，故用woulddo形式)Ifyouhesitatedthismoment，youmightsufferinthefuture.如果你此刻犹豫不决，你将来会吃苦头的。(if条件句是对现在的虚拟，故用一般过去时，而主句是对将来的虚拟，故用mightdo形式)[题组训练3]用所给词的正确形式填空(1)Ifyouhadfollowed(follow)myadvicejustnow，youwouldbe(be)betternow.(2)Ifhehadlistened(listen)tome，hewouldpass(pass)theexamnow.四、含蓄条件句含蓄虚拟条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类含蓄虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的有butfor(要不是……的话)，butthat(要不是)，without(如果没有)，supposing(假设)，provided(倘若)，sothat/inorderthat(为了)，ifonly(要是……就好了)，otherwise/orelse(要不然)。Butforyou，Icouldnotrecoversosoon.要不是有你，我不会恢复得这么快。Withoutair(＝Iftherewerenoair)，therewouldbenolivingthings.没有空气，便没有生物。Iwasillthatday.Otherwise，Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.那天我病了。要不然的话，我会参加运动会的。注意虚拟条件句中有had，should，were时，可以将if去掉，然后把had，should，were提到主语前面，形成部分倒装。[题组训练4](1)用所给词的正确形式填空①Withoutwaterintheworld，everythingwoulddie(die)．②Butfortheirhelp，wecouldn’thavegot(not，get)overthedifficulties.(2)一句多译没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。①Withoutyourhelp，wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.②Butforyourhelp，wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.③Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp，wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.④Haditnotbeenforyourhelp，wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.高考链接Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空1．IfIhadn’tseen(not，see)itwithmyowneyes，Iwouldn’thavebelievedit.(2015·北京)2．Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishIdanced(dance)aswellasher.(2015·陕西)3．IwishIhadbeen(be)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday，butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.(2015·天津)4．Wewouldbe(be)backinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.(2014·北京)5．IfMr.Deweyhadbeen(be)present，hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.(2014·湖南)6．Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation，ortheywouldhavee(e)toourhelp.(2014·浙江)Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1．Ifyoueq\f(are,were)me，wouldyoutalktothem？(2015·四川，短文改错)2．Wewouldbegratefuleq\f(when,if)youcouldjoinusthatday.(2008·宁夏，短文改错)写作指导本单元写作属于议论文中的对比观点类型。在写作时，常使用一般现在时。写作格式一般是：提出问题→两种不同观点→对两种不同观点的论据(理由)逐项作对比。有时题目会要求说出自己的观点，可在结尾段加上自己的观点并简要说明理由，最好不要重复前面已谈到的理由。写作方式一般采用集中比较。常用句式1．Opinionsaredividedonthetopic.2．Someareinfavourof(arefor/approveof/agreeto/agreewith/support...)it.3．Intheiropinion.../Theyholdtheviewthat...4．Othersholdtheoppositeopinion(areagainst/disagree...)5．Theyarguethat...6．Everycoinhastwosides.7．AsfarasIamconcerned.../Inmyopinion...典题示例最近，你们班同学就“克隆人”这个话题进行了讨论。请你根据以下提示写一篇100词左右的英语短文。赞同的观点反对的观点你的观点克隆人可帮我们分担事务；可利用克隆人的器官来医治病人会使人口剧增，造成社会问题重点放在对人类有益的动物和干细胞的研究上写作步骤StepOne审题谋篇写作要求是根据提示写一篇短文，说明对“克隆人”的讨论。写作时应注意下面几点：1．确定文体：文章属于议论文，应开门见山提出讨论的主题，然后就两种不同观点进行对比。2．主体时态：以一般现在时为主。3．主体人称：文章说明同学们展开的讨论，人称应该以第三人称为主。StepTwo联想词汇1．支持infavourof2．利用makeuseof3．反对beagainst4．集中精力做某事focusone’seffort/attentiononsth.StepThree句式升级1．支持者们认为，克隆人可以帮助我们分担事物。(1)Thestudentswhoareinfavourofcloningholdthebeliefthattheclonedhumanscanshareourdutiesandburdens.(定语从句)(2)Thestudentsinfavourofcloningthinktheclonedhumanscanshareourdutiesandburdens.(infavourof作定语；宾语从句)2．而且，可以利用克隆人的器官来医治病人。(1)Inaddition，theorgansoftheclonedhumanscanbeusedtotreatpatients.(被动语态)(2)What’smore，wecanmakeuseoftheorgansoftheclonedhumanstotreatpatients.(不定式作目的状语)3．只有这样我们才能使克隆技术造福人类。(1)Wecanonlymakeitbenefitmankindinthisway.(it作形式宾语)(2)Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeitbenefitmankind.(倒装句)StepFour连句成篇Recently，thestudentsinourclasshavediscussedthetopic“humancloning”．Thestudentsinfavourofcloningthinktheclonedhumanscanshareourdutiesandburdens.What’smore，wecanmakeuseoftheorgansoftheclonedhumanstotreatpatients.However，thestudentsagainstcloningthinkcloningcanincreasethepopulation，therefore，itwillcausemanysocialproblems.Inmyopinion，cloningisreallyascientificbreakthroughandweshouldfocusoureffortsonthestudyofcloninganimalsandstemcellstobeusedinmedicalresearch.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeitbenefitmankind.Ⅰ.单元语法——用所给词的正确形式填空1．Wewouldgowithyouifwehad(have)time.2．IfIhadstudied(study)medicinetenyearsago，Iwouldbeadoctornow.3．Iwouldhavegone(go)tomycousin’sbirthdaypartylastnight，butIwasnotavailable.4．Withoutelectricity，humanlifewouldbe(be)quitedifferenttoday.5．Shewishesshehadgone(go)tothetheatrewithhermotherlastnight.6．IfIwere(be)youIwouldexplaintoHarrywhathappened.7．Shewouldhaveehere，butshewent(go)tothehospitaltolookafterhersickmother.8．Hewasverybusyyesterday，otherwisehewouldhavee(e)totheparty.9．Ifyouhade(e)yesterday，youwouldhavemether.10．Ifithadrained(rain)lastnight，itmightbeverycoldtoday.Ⅱ.阅读理解A(2017·贵州都匀一中高二上月考)Ourenvironmentisn’tasgreenandbeautifulasitshouldbe.Therearesteel(钢铁)monstersblockingoutthesun，blowingoutdangeroussmoke，andlettingoutpoisonouschemicalsintotherivers，carsproducingharmfulwastegas，peoplethrowingoutwasteinawrongwayandallotherkindsofsourcesthatruintheplanet.Facingcurrentenvironmentalproblems，peopleneedtodotheirbesttosavetheearth.Youcanseemanybiggarbagedustbinsinthestreets.They’renotthereforashow，butforyoutodropyourwaste.Weshouldrealizethatwhatwedodoescount.Sonexttimeyougetthaturgetothrowgumorachocolatepackageoutofthecarwindow，or“accidentally”dropasyouwalkdownthestreet，askyourselfhowmuchwasteyou’vebeencontributingtotheenvironmentwiththatbadhabitgoingonforyears.Athome，thefirstthingwecandotoprotecttheenvironmentisavoidlettingwaterruncontinuouslyandmakesurethattaps(水龙头)arenotleaky(漏的)，whichwouldhelpgreatlyinscrimping(节省)．Anotheristouseenergy­savinglights，andturnthemoffbeforeyouleavetherooms.Itisnotonlyenergy­saving，butalsocutsdownelectricitycosts.Recyclingisamethodtomakeitemsreusable.Manythingsyouwanttothrowoutcanbemadeintonewproductsthroughthereproducingprocess.Useyourimaginationtoeupwithwaysonthingsthatyoucanuseagain.Passthemessageofsimplewaystosavetheenvironmentontokids.Startingwithkidsisagoodwayofteachingthemessageearlyintheirlives，inthehopethattheycancarryitforwardastheygrowolder.Withenvironmentalprotectionawarenessinmind，wecandowhatwecan，fortheresultsaretohaveabigeffectontheplanet.Aslongaswedoourpart，theworldisonesmallstepclosertobeingsaved.11．Inthefirstparagraphtheauthoruses“steelmonsters”todescribe.A．hugebuildings B．highmountainsC．bigfactories D．charactersinfairystories答案C解析词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“blockingoutthesun，blowingoutdangeroussmoke，andlettingoutpoisonouschemicalsintotherivers”可知，steelmonsters遮挡太阳、排出有害气体并将有毒的化学物质排入河流，由此可知，steelmonsters指的就是大工厂，故C项正确。12．Fromthefifthparagraph，wecanknowthat.A．protectingtheenvironmentbeginswithsmallchoresB．protectingtheenvironmentshouldstartfromchildhoodC．wonderfullifeesfromenvironmentalprotectionD．protectingtheenvironmentbenefitsthecountryandthepeople答案B解析段落大意题。根据第五段中的“Passthemessageofsimplewaystosavetheenvironmentontokids.Startingwithkidsisagoodwayofteachingthemessageearlyintheirlives”可知，保护环境要从娃娃抓起，把环保意识和方法教给孩子们，故B项正确。13．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Themorepeopledotheirpart，thegreenertheenvironmentwillbe.B．Sellingwhatyoudon’twantanymoreisakindofrecycling.C．Toprotecttheenvironmentmayhelpyousavesomemoney.D．Yourbadhabitsfortheenvironmentareavaluablecontribution.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二、三句可知，我们的不良行为加速了环境问题，故选D项。14．Thepassageismainlyabout.A．theuseofgarbagedustbinsB．howtosavewaterandelectricityC．howtosavetheenvironmentD．ourcurrentenvironmentalproblems答案C解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些如何保护环境的方法，故C项正确。BCloninghasthepotentialtochangesociety.Forsome，it’saweledevelopmentdesignedtomakeourliveseasier.Forothers，itrepresentsathreattothehealthandbalanceofsociety，especiallyfromamoralperspective(角度)．Lookingatthesecloningprosandcons，it’simportanttoconsiderthescientific，financial，andsocialaspectsofcloningprocesses.Fromascientificperspective，cloningcanbeconsideredmajorprogress.Scientistsaren’tlimitedbypopulation.It’salsopossibletoclonepiecesoflivingthings.However，cloningchangesthenaturalorderoflifeanddeath.Whyshouldscientistshavetotreatananimalwellinthelabiftheycanjustmakemore？Asaresult，scientistsmaybeelazyorcarelesswiththelivingthingstheyworkon.Cloningisamajorbusiness.Medicalresearchgroupshaveinvestedmillionsofdollarsinmakingcloningpossible.Asaresult，theycanmakebigprofitsfromsellingcloningservicestohospitalsandthepublic.However，thewealththeyachievedoesn’tmeanthatcloningitselfisaprofitabletrial.Forexample，whileapanymaycloneanorgan，itspricemaybetoohightoafford.Asaresult，onlyrichpeopleandgovernmentscouldusecloningproducts.Asawhole，cloningforsocietycanbedebatedforhours.Ononehand，youhavereligiousgroups，whosaythatcloningiswrong.Ontheotherhand，youhavemanypeoplewhoarelookingforwardtomakingclonesofthemselvessothattheclonecanserveasaworkerandleavetheoriginalpersontoenjoyalifeofrelaxationandwealth.15．Wecanconcludefromthefirstparagraphthat.A．opinionsaboutcloningvaryfrompersontopersonB．morepeoplethinklittleofthebenefitsofcloningC．cloninghasthepotentialtochangesocietyforbetterD．peopleshouldthinkofcloninginamorescientificway答案A解析推理判断题。从第一段的内容可知，人们对克隆问题意见不统一，有人赞成，也有人反对。但作者认为人们应该全面思考克隆问题。故答案选A项。16．Whydosomepeoplethinkcloninghasabadeffectonscientificexperiments?A．Moremoneymaybespentoncloningotherlivingthings.B．Scientistswillbeecarelesswiththeirexperiments.C．Cloningmaydisturbthebalanceofnatureandwildlife.D．Scientistsmayignorethelivingthingstheyworkon.答案D解析细节理解题。从第三段的“Asaresult，scientistsmaybeelazyorcarelesswiththelivingthingstheyworkon.”可知，克隆用于科学实验时，人们担心科学家们会无视实验的对象。故答案选D项。17．Whatisthedisadvantageofcloningproductsputintothemarket?A．Morefakecloningproductswillcrowdintothemarketsoon.B．Onlyalimitedgroupwouldhaveaccesstocloningproducts.C．Patientshavetobuycloningproductsfromhospitalsorgovernments.D．Scientistsmaypayattentiontoquantityofcloningproductsratherthanquality.答案B解析推理判断题。从第四段的“Asaresult，onlyrichpeopleandgovernmentscouldusecloningproducts.”可知，因为克隆成本高，克隆产品投放到市场后，并不是所有人都买得起，只有有钱人和政府能够支付得起。故答案选B项。Ⅲ.语法填空(2017·山西怀仁一中高二上月考)IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar18.broke(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.Cursingmymisfortune，IwaswonderingwhereI19.wouldspend(spend)thenightwhenIrealizedthatthevillagerswho20.hadgathered(gather)aroundmewerearguingasto21.whoshouldhavethehonorof22.receiving(receive)measaguestintheirhouse.Finally，Iacceptedtheofferofanoldwomanwholivedaloneinalittlehouse.Whileshewasgettingme23.settled(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom，theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittoasmalltownsome20kilometersaway24.wheretherewasagarage.Ihadnoticedthreehens25.running(run)freeinmyhostess’scourtyardandthatnightoneofthemendedupinadishonmytable.26.Othervillagersbroughtmegoat’scheeseandhoney.Wedranktogetherandtalked27.merrily(merry)tillfarintothenight.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage，IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcausedher.Ⅳ.短文改错(2017·吉林长春外国语学校高二上月考)DearJack，I’msoexcitingandhappytohearthatyou’reingtoChina.SinceyourtripisscheduledforthemiddleofJuly，IwillbeavailablebecauseIwillbehavingyoursummerholidayatthatmonth.I’vebeenverybusyrecently，forI’vebeenpreparedfortheingentranceexam，thatisvitalforme.Lastweek，IattendanEnglishspeechcontestintendedforhighschoolstudentallovertheprovinceandmyperformancewasnotbad.Totellyoutruth，I’vealwaysdreamtofhavinganopportunitytotraveltoEnglish­speakingcountriesasyourstopractiseandimprovemyEnglish.Iamlookingforwardtoseeyou.Yours，ZhangHeng答案DearJack，I’msoeq\f(exciting,excited)andhappytohearthatyou’reingtoChina.SinceyourtripisscheduledforthemiddleofJuly，IwillbeavailablebecauseIwillbehavingeq\f(your,my)summerholidayatthatmonth.I’ve