2023英语四级试题

2023英语四级试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofdevelopingahabitofcriticalthinking.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)isreshapingnumerousindustries.WhileAIofferstremendousopportunitiesforefficiencyandinnovation,italsopresentssignificantchallenges,particularlyregardingthefutureofwork.Manyexpertsexpressconcernthatautomationandintelligentsystemscould____1____awiderangeofjobs,frommanufacturingtoclericalwork.However,thistechnologicalshiftisnotsolelyaboutjob____2____.Historysuggeststhatwhilesomeoccupationsbecomeobsolete,newonesemerge.Thekeyfortheworkforceis____3____.Workerswillneedtoacquirenewskillsto____4____inanAI-augmentedeconomy.Thisinvolvesnotonlytechnicalproficiencybutalsothecultivationofuniquelyhuman____5____,suchascreativity,emotionalintelligence,andcomplexproblem-solving.Governmentsandeducationalinstitutionshaveacrucialroletoplay.Theymust____6____policiesandcurriculathatsupportlifelonglearningandskilldevelopment.Furthermore,ethicalconsiderationsmustbeatthe____7____ofAIdevelopmenttoensurethesetechnologiesareusedresponsiblyandforthebenefitofsociety.ThedialoguesurroundingAIshouldnotbedominatedbyfearbutbyastrategicfocusonhowhumansandmachinescan____8____.Byembracingchangeandpreparingproactively,wecan____9____thechallengesand____10____theopportunitiespresentedbytheAIrevolution.A)adaptB)attributesC)collaborateD)coreE)displacementF)dominateG)eliminateH)harnessI)navigateJ)potentialK)promoteL)replacementM)thriveN)transformO)forefrontSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.ThePowerofSmallTalkWeoftendismisssmalltalkastrivial,anobligatoryandmeaninglesssocialritual.However,psychologistsandsociologistsarguethattheseseeminglyinsignificantexchangesarefundamentaltohumanconnectionandsocialcohesion.Smalltalkservesasasocialprobe,alow-riskwaytogaugeanotherperson'smoodandopennesstointeraction.Asimplecommentabouttheweathercanactasa"sociallubricant,"easinginitialawkwardnessandestablishingabaselineoffriendliness.Thisprocessiscrucialforbuildingrapport,whichisthefoundationoftrustandmoremeaningfulcommunicationlateron.Moreover,thesebriefconversationsareakeymechanismforbuildingandmaintainingoursocialnetworks.Regular,lightinteractionswithacquaintances—likeaneighbor,abarista,oracolleaguefromanotherdepartment—strengthenweaksocialties.Theseweakties,associalnetworktheorysuggests,areoftenmorevaluablethanstrongties(likeclosefriendsandfamily)forprovidingnewinformation,jobopportunities,andaccesstodifferentsocialcircles.Theycreateabroadersenseofcommunityandbelonging.Furthermore,engaginginsmalltalkhaspersonalbenefits.Itcanbeapracticegroundforsocialskills,especiallyforthosewhoareshy.Italsoforcesustomomentarilystepoutsideourowninternalconcernsandfocusonanotherpersonandthesharedenvironment,whichcanboostmoodandreducefeelingsofisolation.Inessence,smalltalkisthethreadthatweavesthesocialfabric.Itisnotanendinitselfbutavitalmeanstoanend:creatingtheconnectionsthatmakesocietiesfunctionandindividualsfeelincluded.Nexttimeyoufindyourselfmakingsmalltalk,rememberyouareparticipatinginasubtlebutpowerfulsocialdancethatholdscommunitiestogether.11.Whatisthecommonperceptionofsmalltalk?A)Itisaprofoundsocialactivity.B)Itisameaninglessbutnecessaryritual.C)Itisthebestwaytobuilddeeptrust.D)Itisonlyusefulforextroverts.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneprimaryfunctionofsmalltalk?A)Toexchangevitalpersonalinformation.B)Toassessaperson'swillingnesstointeract.C)Tosolvecomplexsocialproblems.D)Todemonstrateone'sintelligence.13.Whatdoes"weaksocialties"refertointhecontextofthepassage?A)Relationshipswithfamilymembers.B)Connectionswithclosefriends.C)Bondsthatareemotionallyintense.D)Casualrelationshipswithacquaintances.14.Howcansmalltalkbenefitindividualspersonally?A)Itguaranteescareeradvancement.B)Ithelpsimprovesocialskillsandalleviateisolation.C)Itprovidessolutionstopersonalproblems.D)Itreplacestheneedfordeepconversations.15.Whatistheauthor'soverallattitudetowardssmalltalk?A)Stronglycritical.B)Skepticalanddismissive.C)Appreciativeandaffirming.D)Ambivalentanduncertain.SectionCDirections:Thereareseveralpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inaneraofconstantdigitalconnectivity,theconceptof"digitaldetox"—voluntarilyrefrainingfromusingelectronicdevicessuchassmartphonesandcomputersforaperiodoftime—hasgainedpopularity.Proponentsarguethatitreducesstress,improvessleep,andenhancesreal-worldrelationships.AstudyfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniafoundthatlimitingsocialmediauseto30minutesperdayresultedinsignificantreductionsinlonelinessanddepression.However,criticsquestionthelong-termeffectivenessandpracticalityofafulldetox.Theyarguethatdigitaltoolsaredeeplyembeddedinmodernlifeforwork,education,andsocialorganizing.Amoresustainableapproach,theysuggest,is"digitalmindfulness,"whichinvolvesconsciousandintentionaluseoftechnologyratherthancompleteabstinence.Thismeanssettingspecificboundaries,suchasnodevicesatthedinnertableorturningoffnotificationsduringfocusedworkhours.Thedebatehighlightsabroadersocietalneedtoestablishahealthierrelationshipwithtechnology.Itislessaboutdeclaringawarondevicesandmoreaboutcultivatingawarenessofhowweusethemandtheimpacttheyhaveonourwell-being.Thegoalistoensurethattechnologyservesasatoolforenhancement,notasourceofconstantdistractionandanxiety.16.Whatisa"digitaldetox"accordingtothepassage?A)Amedicaltreatmentforinternetaddiction.B)Aperiodofvoluntarynon-useofelectronicdevices.C)Asoftwarethatlimitsscreentime.D)Atrendofusingolder,non-digitaldevices.17.WhatdidtheUniversityofPennsylvaniastudyfind?A)Socialmediaistherootcauseofdepression.B)Limitingsocialmediausedecreasedfeelingsoflonelinessanddepression.C)30minutesofsocialmediauseperdayisoptimalforeveryone.D)Digitaldetoxistheonlysolutiontomentalhealthissues.18.Whatisthemainargumentofcriticsagainstafulldigitaldetox?A)Itistooexpensivetoimplement.B)Digitaldevicesareessentialincontemporarysociety.C)Ithasnoscientificbasis.D)Itleadstoincreasedstress.19.Whatdoes"digitalmindfulness"emphasize?A)Completeandpermanentremovalofdigitaltools.B)Competitiveuseoftechnologytogainanedge.C)Purposefulandcontrolleduseoftechnology.D)Usingtechnologyonlyforentertainment.20.Whatisthecoreideaofestablishingahealthierrelationshipwithtechnology?A)Toeliminatealldigitaldevicesfromdailylife.B)Tousetechnologywithoutanyrestrictions.C)Tobeawareofitsusageandeffectsonwell-being.D)Toprioritizework-relateduseoverpersonaluse.PassageTwoQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thecirculareconomyisamodelofproductionandconsumptionthatinvolvessharing,leasing,reusing,repairing,refurbishing,andrecyclingexistingmaterialsandproductsforaslongaspossible.Itchallengesthetraditionallineareconomy,whichfollowsa"take-make-dispose"pattern.Incontrast,thecirculareconomyaimstodecoupleeconomicactivityfromtheconsumptionoffiniteresourcesanddesignwasteoutofthesystem.Thismodelisdrivenbybothenvironmentalnecessityandeconomicopportunity.Resourcescarcityandenvironmentaldegradationmakethelinearmodelunsustainable.Meanwhile,circularpracticescangeneratesignificantvalue.Forinstance,remanufacturingandrefurbishingcancreatenewbusinessmodelsandjobopportunitiesinrepairandrecyclingsectors.Italsofostersinnovationinproductdesign,encouragingcompaniestocreateproductsthatareeasiertomaintain,repair,ordisassemble.Implementingacirculareconomyrequiressystemicchange.Itinvolvescollaborationacrosssupplychains,newpoliciesfromgovernments(likeextendedproducerresponsibility),andashiftinconsumerbehaviortowardspreferringdurable,repairablegoodsandservicesoverdisposableones.Whilethetransitioniscomplex,itpresentsapathwaytowardamoresustainableandresilienteconomicsystemthatbenefitsboththeplanetandtheeconomy.21.Whatisthemaingoalofthecirculareconomy?A)Toacceleratetheproductionofnewgoods.B)Tomaximizetheconsumptionofrawmaterials.C)Toextendthelifecycleofmaterialsandproducts.D)Toreducethecostofmanufacturing.22.Howdoesthecirculareconomydifferfromthetraditionallineareconomy?A)Itfocusesonfasterdisposalofproducts.B)Itaimstoseparateeconomicgrowthfromheavyresourceuse.C)Itencouragesmorefrequentbuyingofnewitems.D)Itreliessolelyongovernmentregulation.23.Whatismentionedasadriverforthecirculareconomy?A)Thedesireforcheaper,lower-qualityproducts.B)Theabundanceofnaturalresources.C)Environmentallimitsandpotentialeconomicbenefits.D)Decreasingconsumerdemandforsustainability.24.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapotentialeconomicbenefitofcircularpractices?A)Increasedwastemanagementcosts.B)Creationofnewbusinessmodelsandjobs.C)Simplifiedproductdesignprocesses.D)Reducedneedforinnovation.25.Whatisnecessaryforimplementingacirculareconomy?A)Effortsfrombusinesses,governments,andconsumers.B)Adecreaseinglobalpopulation.C)Abandoningalltraditionalmanufacturing.D)Focusingonlyontechnologicalsolutions.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的传统艺术，已有数千年的历史。它不仅是书写汉字的方法，更是一种表达情感和修养心灵的艺术形式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有美感和力度的线条。练习书法需要耐心和专注，有助于培养平静的心态。如今，书法仍被广泛实践和欣赏，被视为中国文化遗产的重要组成部分。PartIVWriting(30minutes)(Note:ThewritingtaskisalreadypresentedatthebeginningasPartI.Thisnoteisforclarityonly.)---AnswerKeyPartIWriting(Amodelessayisprovidedforreference.)Developingahabitofcriticalthinkingisofparamountimportanceintoday'sinformation-saturatedworld.Itempowersindividualstonavigatethevastseaofinformation,discerningfactsfromopinionsandreliablesourcesfrommisleadingones.Ratherthanacceptinginformationpassively,criticalthinkersanalyzearguments,evaluateevidence,andconsideralternativeperspectives.Thisskilliscrucialnotonlyforacademicsuccessbutalsoformakinginformeddecisionsinpersonalandprofessionallife.Inaneraofrapidchangeandcomplexchallenges,theabilitytothinkclearly,logically,andindependentlyisafundamentalasset.Bycultivatingcriticalthinking,weequipourselvestounderstandtheworldmoredeeplyandcontributetoitmoreeffectively.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.G)eliminate2.E)displacement3.A)adapt4.M)thrive5.B)attributes6.K)promote7.O)forefront8.C)collaborate9.I)navigate10.H)harnessSectionB11.B)Itisameaninglessbutnecessaryritual.1