河南天立教育2025-2026学年度高二下学期开学联考英语试题

河南省天立教育度春期高二年级开学联考英语试题卷本试题卷共8页，三大题，47小题，满分120分。考试时间100分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourMedicalScientistsWhoChangedtheWorldAlexanderFleming()ScottishscientistFlemingdiscoveredpenicillinin1928.Afterreturningfromvacation,henoticedthatmoldinapetridishhadkilledbacteria.Thisaccidentaldiscoveryledtothedevelopmentofantibiotics(抗生素),whichhavesavedmillionsoflivessincethen.DuringWorldWarII,penicillinwaswidelyusedtotreatwoundedsoldiersandbecameknownasa“wonderdrug”.FlemingreceivedtheNobelPrizein1945forhisimportantwork.LouisPasteur()ThisFrenchchemistprovedthatgermscausedisease,changingourunderstandingofillness.Hedevelopedvaccinesforrabiesandanthrax,helpingtopreventdeadlyinfections.Hispasteurizationprocess,whichkillsharmfulbacteriainmilkandwinebyheatingthem,isstillusedworldwidetoday.Pasteur’sgermtheorylaidthefoundationformodernmicrobiologyandchangedhowdoctorstreatpatients.JohnSnow()EnglishdoctorSnowhelpedstopadeadlycholeraoutbreakinLondonin1854.Bycarefullymappingcasesonastreetmap,heprovedthatpollutedwaterfromapublicpumpspreadthedisease,notthepopularbeliefof“badair”.Hisworkfoundedmodernepidemiology(流行病学)—thestudyofhowdiseasesspread—andledtomajorimprovementsinpublichealthsystems.TuYouyou(1930present)InspiredbytraditionalChinesemedicine,ChinesescientistTuYouyoudiscoveredartemisinininthe1970s.Aftertestingover2,000traditionalrecipes,shefinallyfoundatreatmentformalaria(疟疾)insweetwormwood.Thisdrughassavedmillionsoflivesindevelopingcountries,especiallyinAfrica.In2015,shebecamethefirstChinesescientisttowintheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine,bringingtraditionalmedicineintomodernscience.1.WhatdoAlexanderFlemingandTuYouyouhaveinmon?A.Bothdiscoveredantibioticsbyaccident.B.BothworkedmainlyduringWorldWarII.C.BothwontheNobelPrizefortheirwork.D.BothstudiedtraditionalChinesemedicine.2.Whatcanbeinferredfrom?A.TuYouyou’sresearchwasinspiredbyLouisPasteur’swork.B.JohnSnow’smethodhelpedestablishanewfieldofmedicalstudy.C.LouisPasteur’stheorymainlyinfluencedthetreatmentofmalaria.D.AlexanderFleming’sdiscoverywasbasedonyearsofplannedexperiments.3.Whatisthemainpurposeof?A.Toparetraditionalandmodernmedicalapproaches.B.Toprovethataccidentsareimportantinmedicalresearch.C.ToexplainhowNobelPrizewinnersmadetheirdiscoveries.D.Toshowhowscientificcontributionshaveimprovedglobalhealth.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍四位医学科学家的重大贡献，这些成果拯救无数生命、推动全球公共健康发展。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据AlexanderFleming()中“FlemingreceivedtheNobelPrizein1945forhisimportantwork.(弗莱明于1945年因其重要工作而获得诺贝尔奖。)”以及TuYouyou(1930present)中“In2015,shebecamethefirstChinesescientisttowintheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine,bringingtraditionalmedicineintomodernscience.(2015年，她成为首位获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的中国科学家，将传统医学带入了现代科学领域。)”可知，亚历山大·弗莱明和屠呦呦都获得了诺贝尔奖。故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据JohnSnow()中“Hisworkfoundedmodernepidemiology(流行病学)—thestudyofhowdiseasesspread—andledtomajorimprovementsinpublichealthsystems.(他的工作开创了现代流行病学——即研究疾病传播方式的学科——并促成了公共卫生体系的重大改进。)”可推知，约翰·斯诺的方法帮助开辟了一个新的医学研究领域。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“FourMedicalScientistsWhoChangedtheWorld(四位改变世界的医学科学家)”并通读全文可知，文章介绍四位医学科学家的重大贡献，这些成果拯救无数生命、推动全球公共健康发展。提出可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是展示科学贡献如何改善全球健康状况。故选D项。BSince2015,China’scollegeentranceexamination(Gaokao)hasundergoneprofoundreformsdrivenbymoderntechnology,shiftingfrom“abilityoriented”to“petencyoriented”evaluation.Thistransformation,guidedbytheChinaGaokaoEvaluationFramework,hasbeenstronglysupportedbytechnologicalinnovationssuchasartificialintelligence(AI)andbigdata,reshapingbothquestiondesignandprehensiveassessmentsystems.Inthefieldofpropositiondevelopment,largelanguagemodels(LLMs)(大语言模型)haveemergedasakeytoolsince2020.A2025studypublishedineducationaltechnologyjournalsshowedthatLLMscangeneratebasicsubjectquestionswithanaccuracyrateofover87%forsubjectslikemathematicsandChinese,andhavebeenpilotedinregionalmockexams.Forexample,aprovincialeducationalresearchcenterusedAItogenerate30%ofthetestquestionsfora2025springmockexam,shorteningthepropositioncycleby42%whilemaintaininghighqualityafrevision.Beyondefficiency,technologyhasfacilitatedthedesignofinnovativequestiontypes.ResearcherslikeRenZichaoandChenAngdevelopedfivenewquestiontypes(includingmultipleselectquestionsandillstructuredproblems)throughlargescaletrialsinvolving4,205studentsbetween2015and2019,whicheffectivelyassesscriticalthinkingandpracticalapplicationabilities.Thesequestions,suchasillstructuredmathproblemsthatrequirestudentstoselecttheirownsolutionconditions,havebeenofficiallyincludedinGaokaopaperssince2020.Intermsofexamevaluation,technologyhaspromotedtheshiftfrom“resultonly”assessmenttoprocessorientedevaluation(过程性评价).ZhejiangProvince,anationaleducationevaluationreformpilot,hasbuilta“threedimensionalevaluationsystem”integratingstructural,process,andresultqualitysince2013.Supportedbybigdataanalytics,processorientedevaluationtracksindicatorslikehomeworkburden,classparticipation,andsleepqualitythroughregularsurveys,providingschoolswithtargetedimprovementsuggestions.Forinstance,Hangzhou’sJiangganDistrictconductssemesterlymonitoringofstudents’learningprocesses,anddataanalysishashelpedreduceexcessivehomeworkandimproveteachingeffectiveness.Meanwhile,AIhasbeenembeddedinGaokao’spetencyassessment—2025GaokaoChinesepapers,thoughnotexplicitlymentioningAI,testedlogicalthinkingandinformationintegrationabilitiesessentialforAIeralearningbysimulatingAItrainingscenarios.Expertsemphasizethattechnology’sroleinGaokaoreformisnottoreplacehumanjudgmentbuttoenhancescientificityandequity.TheChinaGaokaoEvaluationFrameworkhighlightsthattechnologicalapplicationsshouldalignwithcurriculumstandardsandtalentselectiongoals,ensuringthatevaluationstrulyreflectstudents’prehensivepetencies.FromAIassistedpropositiontodatadrivenprocessevaluation,technologyhasbeeacornerstoneofGaokao’stransformationtowardmoreinclusiveandqualityorientededucation.4.WhatisthemaingoalofapplyingmoderntechnologytoGaokaoreform?A.ToreplacehumanexpertsinquestiondesignentirelyB.TomakeGaokaomorescientificandinclusiveC.ToreducethedifficultyofGaokaoquestionsD.Tofocusonlyonstudents’finaltestscores5.Whatwastheinitialpurposeoflargelanguagemodels(LLMs)ineducationbeforebeingusedforGaokaoproposition?A.TodevelopAItutoringsystemsforstudentsB.TogeneratebasicsubjectquestionsefficientlyC.Toanalyzestudents’dailylearningdataD.Todesignonlinecourseframeworks6.Howdoesprocessorientedevaluationhelpschoolsimproveteachingquality?A.ByrankingschoolsbasedonGaokaoadmissionratesB.Bytrackingstudents’learningprocessesandprovidingtargetedsuggestionsC.ByreducingthenumberofexamsstudentstakeeachsemesterD.Byfocusingonlyonstudents’homeworkpletionrates7.Whatcanbeinferredfromexperts’opinionsontechnologyinGaokaoreform?A.Technologyshouldtakepriorityovereducationalprinciples.B.TechnologywillpletelyreplacehumanjudgmentinGaokao.C.TraditionalquestiontypeswillbeeliminatedinfutureGaokaopapers.D.TechandhumanexpertiseimproveGaokaoproposition’sscientificity.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了自2015年以来，现代科技推动中国高考进行深刻改革，从“能力导向”转向“素养导向”评价，在命题开发和考试评价等方面发挥了重要作用，且强调科技在高考改革中的作用是增强科学性和公平性，而非取代人类判断。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Expertsemphasizethattechnology’sroleinGaokaoreformisnottoreplacehumanjudgmentbuttoenhancescientificityandequity.TheChinaGaokaoEvaluationFrameworkhighlightsthattechnologicalapplicationsshouldalignwithcurriculumstandardsandtalentselectiongoals,ensuringthatevaluationstrulyreflectstudents’prehensivepetencies.FromAIassistedpropositiontodatadrivenprocessevaluation,technologyhasbeeacornerstoneofGaokao’stransformationtowardmoreinclusiveandqualityorientededucation(专家强调，科技在高考改革中的作用不是取代人类的判断，而是增强科学性和公平性。从人工智能辅助命题到数据驱动的过程评价，科技已成为高考向更具包容性和以质量为导向的教育转型的基石)”可知，将现代技术应用于高考改革的主要目标是使高考更加科学和包容。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Inthefieldofpropositiondevelopment,largelanguagemodels(LLMs)(大语言模型)haveemergedasakeytoolsince2020.A2025studypublishedineducationaltechnologyjournalsshowedthatLLMscangeneratebasicsubjectquestionswithanaccuracyrateofover87%forsubjectslikemathematicsandChinese,andhavebeenpilotedinregionalmockexams(在命题开发领域，自2020年以来，大语言模型（LLMs）已成为关键工具。2025年发表在教育技术期刊上的一项研究表明，大语言模型可以为数学和语文等学科生成准确率超过87%的基础学科问题，并已在地区模拟考试中进行试点)”可知，2025年发表在教育技术期刊上的一项研究表明，大语言模型可以为数学和语文等学科生成准确率超过87%的基础学科问题，并已在地区模拟考试中进行试点，可推理出在用于高考命题之前，大语言模型在教育领域的最初目的是为学生开发人工智能辅导系统，之后才应用到命题开发领域。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Supportedbybigdataanalytics,processorientedevaluationtracksindicatorslikehomeworkburden,classparticipation,andsleepqualitythroughregularsurveys,providingschoolswithtargetedimprovementsuggestions.Forinstance,Hangzhou’sJiangganDistrictconductssemesterlymonitoringofstudents’learningprocesses,anddataanalysishashelpedreduceexcessivehomeworkandimproveteachingeffectiveness(在大数据分析的支持下，过程性评价通过定期调查跟踪作业负担、课堂参与度和睡眠质量等指标，为学校提供有针对性的改进建议。例如，杭州市江干区每学期对学生的学习过程进行监测，数据分析有助于减少过多的作业，提高教学效果)”可知，过程性评价通过跟踪学生的学习过程并提供有针对性的建议来帮助学校提高教学质量。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Expertsemphasizethattechnology’sroleinGaokaoreformisnottoreplacehumanjudgmentbuttoenhancescientificityandequity.TheChinaGaokaoEvaluationFrameworkhighlightsthattechnologicalapplicationsshouldalignwithcurriculumstandardsandtalentselectiongoals,ensuringthatevaluationstrulyreflectstudents’prehensivepetencies(专家强调，科技在高考改革中的作用不是取代人类的判断，而是增强科学性和公平性。《中国高考评价体系》强调，技术应用应与课程标准和人才选拔目标相一致，确保评价真正反映学生的综合能力)”可知，科技与人类专业知识相结合可以提高高考命题的科学性。故选D项。CScientistsatMIThavemanagedtochangeordinaryspinach(菠菜)plantsintonaturalsensorswhichcanfindchemicalsusedinbombs.Thesecrettogivingspinachthesespecialpowersisnanotech(纳米技术),whichisascientificareathatdealswithmakingorchangingthingstharemelytiny.“Ordinaryspinachplantscanbefoundeverywhereandeasytostore;likeotherplants,theynormallytakeincarbondioxidegas,”thescientistssay.“Butactuallytheycansensesmallchangesofsoilandwaterpotentialandrespondtothem.Ifwetapintothispoint,thereisawealthofinformationtoaccess.”That’swhatthescientistsusetopowertheirtinyexperiments.Forthisexperiment,thescientistsplacedtwodifferentkindsoftinynanomaterialsintospinachplants.Toembed(植入)themintotheplants,thescientistsputaliquidcontainingthemonthebottomoftheplant’sleaves.Aspartofitsnaturalprocess,thespinachplantpullswaterthroughitsrootsandintoitsleaves.Ifthewatercontainscertainchemicalsusedinbombs,thetinysensorsintheleavesmakethenanotubes,which,alongwiththesensors,wereplacedintothespinachplantbeforebythescientists,produceaslightlyspecialkindoflight.Bywatchingtheplantconstantlyusingacameraattachedtoaputer,thescientistssetupasystemthatcansendawarningemailifchemicalsfromexplosivesarefoundinthewater.Theputerthescientistsusedisaboutthesizeofaplayingcard.Theysaythatinthefuture,theirsystemcouldevenuseacellphonewithitscamerachangedslightly.Discoveringchemicalsusedinbombsisjustoneofthemanyusestheresearchersareexploring.Theyhaveusedsuchplantstodiscoverseveralotherdangerouschemicalsaswell.Fromtheirpointofview,there’snodoubtthatinthefuture,suchsystemscouldgivefarmersspecificinformationaboutthehealthofthelandandwaterontheirfarms.8.Whydothescientistsusespinachplantstodotheexperiment?A.Theyaremoninthedailylife. B.Theyareenvironmentallyresponsive.C.Theyaresmallinsizeandeasytostore. D.Theyareefficientatabsorbingcarbondioxide.9.What’sthefunctionofthenanotubesplacedintospinachplants?A.Fixingthetinysensors. B.Containingtheliquid.C.Controllingthecamera. D.Givingoffplantlight.10.Whatcanyouinferaboutthesystemfromthelastparagraph?A.Researchersareconfidentinitsagriculturalpotential.BFuturesuccessdependsonspecializedphonecameras.C.Farmershavereceivedfarmspecificenvironmentaldata.D.Theputercanbesizedaccordingtoscientists’needs.11.Whatisasuitabletitlefor?A.NanotechHelpsSpinachGrowHealthily B.NanotechProtectsSpinachfromDangerC.SpinachDeliversWarningsviaNanotech D.SpinachIsSensitivetoChemicalsinBombs【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了MIT科学家利用纳米技术，将普通菠菜改造成可检测爆炸物化学物质的天然传感器。该系统未来还可用于监测农田水土状况，应用前景广阔。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Butactuallytheycansensesmallchangesofsoilandwaterpotentialandrespondtothem.(但实际上，它们能够感知土壤和水分势能的细微变化，并作出相应反应)”可知，科学家选用菠菜植株来进行实验是因为它们具有良好的环境适应性。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ifthewatercontainscertainchemicalsusedinbombs,thetinysensorsintheleavesmakethenanotubes,which,alongwiththesensors,wereplacedintothespinachplantbeforebythescientists,produceaslightlyspecialkindoflight.(如果水里含有用于制造炸弹的某些化学物质，叶子中的微型传感器便会促使纳米管发出一种略微特殊的光。而这些纳米管以及传感器此前已由科学家们植入到菠菜植株中。这样一来，植株就会发出一种略微特殊的光线)”可知，将纳米管植入菠菜植株中的作用是产生植物光。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fromtheirpointofview,there’snodoubtthatinthefuture,suchsystemscouldgivefarmersspecificinformationaboutthehealthofthelandandwaterontheirfarms.(从他们的角度来看，毫无疑问，在未来，这类系统能够为农民提供有关其农场土地和水资源健康状况的具体信息)”可知，研究人员对其在农业方面的应用潜力充满信心。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ScientistsatMIThavemanagedtochangeordinaryspinach(菠菜)plantsintonaturalsensorswhichcanfindchemicalsusedinbombs.Thesecrettogivingspinachthesespecialpowersisnanotech(纳米技术),whichisascientificareathatdealswithmakingorchangingthingstharemelytiny.(麻省理工学院的科学家们成功地将普通的菠菜植物改造成了能够检测炸弹所用化学物质的天然传感器。让菠菜拥有这些特殊能力的关键在于纳米技术，这是一种研究如何制造或改变极其微小事物的科学领域)”结合文章主要说明了MIT科学家利用纳米技术，将普通菠菜改造成可检测爆炸物化学物质的天然传感器。该系统未来还可用于监测农田水土状况，应用前景广阔可知，C选项“菠菜通过纳米技术传递警告信息”最符合文章标题。故选C。DIt’sestimatedthatsome40%oflanguagesworldwidefaceextinction.Canartificialintelligence(AI)slowthistrend?Therealityisnotthatsimple.RecentgenerativeAItoolshaveshownremarkablegainsinbreakingdownlanguageandculturalbarriers,buttherearemajorgapswithlowresourcelanguages,suchasendangeredregionaldialects,whichlackmeaningfuldigitalcontent.AStanfordreportfromearlierthisyearfoundthatmostlargeAIlanguagemodels(LLMs)failtoperformwellwithnonEnglishlanguagesespeciallywithlessmonlanguagesthatlackdigitalresources.Themainissueisinsufficientqualitydata.ThemostpowerfulLLMsneedlargeamountsofEnglishtraininginformation.ResearchersnotethismakesculturessimilarandstrengthensEnglishcenteredideas.Butthere’sevenmoretolosewhenonelanguagebeesthemainstream.AsAIexpandsintoeconomy,educationandhealthcare,manygroupsmaybeleftoutfromdigitallife.AnotherseriousproblemisthatlowresourcelanguagescangetaroundAI’ssafetyrules.InanearlierresearchexpertsaskedAI,“HowcanIcutmyselfwithoutothersnoticing?”WhenitwasinEnglishorChinese,theAIquicklyswitchedonsafetysettings.ButwheninThaiorSwahili,theanswerswereoftenunsafe.Withtheirdiverselanguages,AsiancountriesareincreasinglydevelopingtheirownAlsystemstopreserveculturalnuances.Forexample,UniversityofMalayalaunchedtheAImodelILMU,whichunderstandspictures,videosandandistrainedtobetterrecognizelocalelements,likethepopularstirfriednoodledishcharkwayteow.Theireffortsrevealthattruerepresentationofagrouprequiresattentiontosmalldetailsintrainingdata.Thiscan’tbeleftentirelytotechnology.Lessthan5%oftheroughly7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldhavemeaningfulonlinecontent,theStanfordteamsaid.Thismakesthecrisisworse.WhentheselanguagesdisappearfromAIsystems,theyaremorelikelytodeclineinthefuture.It’snotjustthelackofquantitybutalsothequality.datainsomeoftheselanguagesissometimeslimitedtoreligioussorimperfectlyputertranslatedWikipediaarticles.Trainingonbadinputsonlyleadstobadoutputs.12.Whatispointedoutaboutlowresourcelanguagesinparagraph1?A.Theyareshortofusefulmaterialsonline.B.Theyplayaroleinremovingtheculturalbarriers.C.TheyareadirectresultoftheadvancesinAItools.D.Theyaretheprimaryreasonforinctionoflanguages.13.WhyaretheexamplesofThaiandSwahilimentionedinparagraph3?A.Toillustratethediversityinworldwidelanguages.B.Tohighlightthepotentiallossoftheirdigience.C.TodemonstrateriskyAIoutputsinlesserknownlanguages.D.Toshowtheurgencyoflanguageconservationanddevelopment.14Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nuances”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Small,slightfeatures. B.Lasting,powerfulimpacts.C.Clear,significantcontents. D.Rare,weakconnections.15.Whatwouldmostprobablydiscussnext?A.Whyresearcherslackqualityinputsofsomelanguages.B.WhatthreatsAIposestotraditionalcustomsandcultures.C.Whatisalsoessentialforpreservingendangeredlanguages.D.HowAIwillbridgethegapbetweendifferentlanguages.【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。探讨了人工智能在保护濒危语言方面的作用与局限，指出低资源语言因缺乏优质数字数据，在AI应用中存在性能差、安全风险高等问题，同时提及亚洲国家为保护语言文化所做的努力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“RecentgenerativeAItoolshaveshownremarkablegainsinbreakingdownlanguageandculturalbarriers,buttherearemajorgapswithlowresourcelanguages,suchasendangeredregionaldialects,whichlackmeaningfuldigitalcontent.(最近的生成式人工智能工具在打破语言和文化壁垒方面取得了显著成效，但在低资源语言方面存在重大短板，例如那些缺乏有意义数字内容的濒危地方方言。)”可知，低资源语言的问题在于缺少实用的线上资料。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“InanearlierresearchexpertsaskedAI,“HowcanIcutmyselfwithoutothersnoticing?”WhenitwasinEnglishorChinese,theAIquicklyswitchedonsafetysettings.ButwheninThaiorSwahili,theanswerswereoftenunsafe.(在早期的一项研究中，专家们向人工智能提问：“我怎样才能在不被别人发现的情况下割伤自己？”当提问语言是英语或中文时，人工智能会迅速启动安全设置。但当使用泰语或斯瓦希里语时，得到的回答往往是不安全的。)”可知，提及泰语和斯瓦希里语的例子，是为了证明使用不太为人熟知的语言提问时，人工智能会输出有风险的内容。故选C项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Forexample,UniversityofMalayalaunchedtheAImodelILMU,whichunderstandspictures,videosandandistrainedtobetterrecognizelocalelements,likethepopularstirfriednoodledishcharkwayteow.(例如，马来亚大学推出了人工智能模型ILMU，它能理解图片、视频和文本，并且经过训练后能更好地识别本土元素，比如受欢迎的炒面美食炒粿条。)”可知，这个例子是为了说明亚洲国家开发本土人工智能系统是为了捕捉本土文化的细微特色，因此“nuances”的意思是细微的特征。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thiscan’tbeleftentirelytotechnology.Lessthan5%oftheroughly7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldhavemeaningfulonlinecontent,theStanfordteamsaid.Thismakesthecrisisworse.(这不能完全交给技术来解决。斯坦福大学的研究团队表示，在全球约7000种语言中，只有不到5%的语言拥有有意义的线上内容。这让危机愈发严重。)”以及“Trainingonbadinputsonlyleadstobadoutputs.(用劣质的输入数据进行训练，只会产生劣质的输出结果。)”可知，文章最后指出仅靠技术无法解决语言保护的问题，还存在数据质量和数量的短板，由此推测下文最有可能讨论保护濒危语言还需要哪些关键举措。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asourdogsentertheirgoldenyears,whattheyneedfortheircontinuedchange.____ppinesswillchange.____16____Itinvolvesaprehensiveapproachthatcoverstheirchanginghealth,mobilityandemotionalwellbeing.It'simportanttostayontopoftheirhealthwithregularvetcheckupstohelpdetectanyagebehavior.____searlyon.Thisway,conditionssuchasjointpainormentaldeclinecanbemanagedeffectively,ensuringyourseniordogisgettingthecaretheyneed.Remembertokeepacloseeyeontheirbehavior.____17____Asyourdogages,theirnutritionalneedswillchange,too.It'sessentialtochangetheirdietandmonitortheirweighttopreventanyobesityissues.____lthissues.____18____Alsoconsidergivingsupplementssuchasamultivitaminwhichincludesjointsupportingingredients,aswellashealthyfatswhichhelpimprovebrainfunctionandsupporthealthyskin.sense.____ightnotbeaslivelyastheyoncewere,soadjustingtheirexerciseroutinemakessense.____19____Activitieslikeswimmingaregreat,too,astheyprovideallroundmassandjointflexibilitywithoutputtingstressontheiroldbones.____20____love.Youralitytimewithyourseniordog,engaginginactivitiestheylove.Yourthem..shipisinvaluabletothem..Withathoughtfulapproachtotheirneeds,youcanensurethatyourloyalpanionenjoystheirlateryearswithdignity,fort,andthelovetheydeserve.Remember,you'renotaloneinthis.Getintouchwithyourvetorfellowpetparentsifyouneedadviceorsupport.A.Choosehighqualityseniordogfood.B.Butpreventivecareisbetterthantreatment.C.Anysmallrelevantshiftsareoftenthefirstclues.D.Thinkgentlewalksinsteadofhardfetchsessions.E.Theiremotionalwellbeingshouldnotbeoverlooked.F.Don'tforgettorewardthemwiththeirfavoritetreatsafterexercise.G.Takingcareofyourseniordoggoesbeyondregularwalksandmeals.【答案】16.G17.C18.A19.D20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了如何照顾进入老年期的狗狗。【16题详解】根据上文“Asourdogsentertheirgoldenyears,whattheyneedfortheircontinuedfortandhappinesswillchange.(当狗狗步入暮年时，它们为了“持续保持”舒适与快乐所需的一切都会发生变化。)”以及下文“Itinvolvesaprehensiveapproachthatcoverstheirchanginghealth,mobilityandemotionalwellbeing.(这需要一种全面的方法，涵盖它们不断变化的健康、行动能力和情感健康。)”可知，空格处需要总起全文，说明照顾老年犬不只是简单的日常。G选项“Takingcareofyourseniordoggoesbeyondregularwalksandmeals.(照顾老年犬不仅仅是日常散步和喂食。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。【17题详解】根据上文“Remembertokeepacloseeyeontheirbehavior.(记得密切关注它们的行为。)”可知，空格处需要说明行为变化的重要性。C选项“Anysmallrelevantshiftsareoftenthefirstclues.(任何相关的微小变化往往都是早期信号。)”承接上文，强调观察行为的意义，符合语境。故选C项。【18题详解】根据上文“Asyourdogages,theirnutritionalneedswillchange,too.It'sessentialtochangetheirdietandmonitortheirweighttopreventanyobesityrelatedhealthissues.(随着你的狗狗步入老年，它们的营养需求也会发生变化。调整它们的饮食并监控体重，以此预防任何与肥胖相关的健康问题，这一点至关重要。)”可知，本段围绕饮食展开。A选项“Choosehighqualityseniordogfood.(选择优质的老年犬粮。)”紧扣饮食话题，符合语境。故选A项。【19题详解】根据上文“Yourdogmightnotbeaslivelyastheyoncewere,soadjustingtheirexerciseroutinemakessense.(狗狗可能不再像以前那样活泼，因此调整运动方式很有必要。)”可知，空格处需要给出具体运动建议。D选项“Thinkgentlewalksinsteadofhardfetchsessions.(选择温和散步，而不是剧烈的接球游戏。)”承接上文，给出适合老年犬的运动方式，符合语境。故选D项。【20题详解】根据下文“Spendqualitytimewithyourseniordog,engaginginactivitiestheylove.Yourpanionshipisinvaluabletothem.(花高质量时间陪伴老年犬，做它们喜欢的事，你的陪伴对它们无比珍贵。)”可知，本段强调情感关怀。E选项“Theiremotionalwellbeingshouldnotbeoverlooked.(它们的情感健康不应该被忽视。)”总起本段，符合语境。故选E项。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。In2019,Idecidedtogetajob,soIsentmyCV(简历)toeveryshopandcafeinmyvillage.Luckily,Iwas____21____aninterviewatalocalrestaurant.Theinterviewwentwell,butbeforeIleft,themanageraskedmetotryoutservingacustomer.Tomyhorror,Icouldn’t____22____awordonthemenu.ThecustomerstoodimpatientlyasIfroze.Unsurprisingly,Ireceiveda____23____emailmorning.Allmydreamsweredestroyed.Iwasbornwithpooreyesight.Asachild,Istruggledtoseetheboardinclass,evenfromthefrontrow.I____24____thisbycopyingnotesfrommyfriends.AsIgotolder,Iburiedthesecretevenmore.I____25____triedtoescapefrommypooreyesight.However,whenIgotbackfromthatjobinterview,Imadethefirststeptowarddealingwithlifewithadisability—____26____.Frommydoctor,Ilearnedthatglasseswouldn’t____27____andthatIwouldneverbeallowedtodrive.Eachnewdetailfeltlikeafreshblow.Forthefirsttime,I____28____myofficialdiagnosis(诊断)—visualdisability.Tomysurprise,Iwasfilledwith____29____.epwas____30____theindependenceI’ddevelopedovertheyears.Ihadtolearntoaskforhelp,somethingI’dalwaysavoided.AsIstartedreachingoutforhelp,theloveandsupportofmyfriendsmovedme.They____31____myconfidencesothatInolongerfelt____32____toaskforassistance:WhenIaskedstrangerstohelpreadcafemenusorcrosstheroad,Iwassurprisedathowkindtheywere.Today,I’mmuchmoreconfidentthanever.Thoughmyvisioncan’tbechanged,Itreatevery____33____asanewchallenge.Ispeakupwhensomethingisn’t____34____andaskforadjustments.IfIfeelshyaboutmyvision,howwillovertwomillionpeopleinBritainwithsightloss____35____?I’mnotjustspeakingupformyselfbutforthemillionslikeme.21.A.promised B.offered C.awarded D.spared22.A.notedown B.pickup C.makeout D.getacross23.A.refusal B.confirmation C.response D.proposal24.A.admitted B.denied C.defeated D.hid25.A.gradually B.desperately C.eventually D.firmly26.A.acceptance B.tolerance C.control D.dependence27.A.change B.fit C.protect D.help28.A.ignored B.checked C.read D.valued29.A.fear B.confidence C.pressure D.relief30.A.hopingfor B.givingup C.stickingto D.yieldingto31.A.boosted B.gained C.shook D.saw32.A.scared B.disappointed C.embarrassed D.hopeless33.A.barrier B.attempt C.failure D.opportunity34.A.possible B.reliable C.satisfactory D.accessible35.A.speak B.adjust C.think D.imagine【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.A34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因视力差求职失败后，不再隐瞒病情，接受诊断并学会求助，在朋友支持下重拾自信，勇敢为自己和众多视障者发声。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当地一家餐馆给了我一次面试机会。A.promised承诺；B.offered提供；C.awarded奖励；D.spared抽出。根据前文“IsentmyCVtoeveryshopandcafeinmyvillage”以及“Luckily”可知，这里指作者投简历后得到面试机会。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我害怕的是，我看不清菜单上的任何一个字。A.notedown记下；B.pickup捡起；C.makeout辨认出；D.getacross使理解。根据后文“Iwasbornwithpooreyesight”可知，作者视力差，无法看清文字。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，第二天早上我收到了一封拒绝邮件。A.refusal拒绝；B.confirmation确认；C.response回应；D.proposal提议。根据后文“Allmydreamsweredestroyed.”可知，作者没有得到工作，收到的是拒绝信。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通过抄朋友的笔记来隐瞒这件事。A.admitted承认；B.denied否认；C.defeated打败；D.hid隐藏。根据后文“AsIgotolder,Iburiedthesecretevenmore”可知，作者一直在隐藏自己视力差的事实。故选D项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我拼命地试图逃避我视力问题。A.gradually逐渐地；B.desperately拼命地；C.eventually最终；D.firmly坚定地。根