《点击音乐舞蹈英语（第四版）》课件 U6 Chinese Opera

主编:点击职业英语音乐舞蹈英语CONTENTPartⅢCareerZoomInPartⅣReal-lifePracticePartⅠLead-inPartⅡProfessionZoomInChineseOperaUnit6Inthisunit,youwilllearn:•howtodiscussChineseopera;•thebasicknowledgeoffamouslocaloperasinChina;•howtointroduceyourselfinaninterview;•thetipsforpassingajobinterview;•howtowritealetterofapplication.LearningObjectivesPartⅠLead-inTask1Workinpairs.Discusswithyourpartneraboutthefollowingpictures.Whatarethey?Whatdodifferentcolorsstandfor?Facialpaintingsarepresentationsoftherolesofthecharacters.Forexample,aredfaceusuallydescribestherole’sbraveryandloyalty;awhitefacedescribesasinisterrole’streacheryandguile;agreenfacedescribesstubbornnessandlackofself-restraint.PartⅠLead-inTask2ThefollowingpassageisthegeneralintroductiontoChineseoperaandWesternopera.FillintheblankswiththemissingwordsaccordingtoyourresearchontheInternet.ThendiscusswithyourpartneraboutthedifferencesbetweenancientChineseoperaandWesternopera.

ChineseoperaandWesternoperaarebothimportantartformsintheworld.Chineseoperaoriginatedfromthe____________centuryandgraduallyformedwithmanyconditionssuchascomplexshowpresentedbytherealpeople,dummyperformanceincludingshadowplay,puppetopera,folkpopulartuneandsoon.Westernoperaoriginatedfromthe____________centuryinFlorence.IntheancientWest,operawasakindofaristocraticenjoyment.Itwasplayedinthetheatredecoratedsolemnlywheregeneralcivilianscouldn’tenter.HoweverancientChinaoperabelongedtoeachclass,bothofficialsandcivilians.12th16thPartⅠLead-inTask2ThefollowingpassageisthegeneralintroductiontoChineseoperaandWesternopera.FillintheblankswiththemissingwordsaccordingtoyourresearchontheInternet.ThendiscusswithyourpartneraboutthedifferencesbetweenancientChineseoperaandWesternopera.

Throughlong-timedevelopment,Chineseoperahasvariouslocalspeciessuchas__________,____________,____________,________________,______________,_______________etc.Eachhasitsowncharacteristicswhicharerelatedtothespacesandthediversityofaccents.DifferencesbetweenancientChineseoperaandWesternopera：______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________BeijingOperaYueOperaShaoxingOperaHuangmeiOperaSichuanOperaCantoneseOperaDifferences:openPartⅡProfessionZoomInReadingChineseOpera

Chineseoperahasbeenacknowledgedasoneofthegreatestancientdramasintheworld,parallelingtheComediesandTragediesofGreeceandtheSanskrit（梵文）DramaofIndia.Chineseoperaisatraditionalformofstageentertainment,weavingtogetherelementsofmime,dance,song,dialogue,swordplayandacrobaticsintoonefluidcontinuousflow①.IncontrasttoWesternstageentertainment,whichissubdividedintodifferentcategoriessuchasopera,dramaandsketch,Chineseoperahasremainedfaithfultoitsoriginalformatoverthecenturies.PartⅡProfessionZoomIn

Chineseoperafallsintomorethan300formsoftraditionaloperas,ofwhichBeijingOpera（京剧）isthemostpopular.BeijingOperaevolvedfromKunOpera（昆曲）,anevenmoreancientartofdramalistedbyUNESCOin2001amongthefirstgroupofworksrepresentinghumankindthroughoralhistory.OtherpopularlocaloperasincludeYueOpera（越剧）,ShaoxingOpera（绍剧）,HuangmeiOpera（黄梅戏),SichuanOpera（川剧),HenanOpera（豫剧),andCantoneseOpera（粤剧）.RepresentativeworksincludeDrunkenedConcubine（贵妃醉酒）,FarewelltoMyConcubine（霸王别姬）,GoddessMarriage（天仙配）andHuaMuLan（花木兰）andsoon.PartⅡProfessionZoomIn

BeijingOperadevelopedinearly19th-centuryBeijingandpresentssinging,music,chanting,dancingandmartialartsallinonestageperformance.ThedramaticmasksandcostumesofBeijingOperaareworld-renowned.FamousBeijingOperaactorsovertheyearsincludedMeiLanfang（梅兰芳）,ChengYanqiu（程砚秋）,MaLianliang（马连良）,ZhouXinfang（周信芳）andDuJinfang（杜近芳）.

Asthearrivalofnewepoch,Chineseoperahasusheredinabrandnewseedtime.ThecombinationoftraditionalChineseoperaandpopmusicisrefreshing.ThenumberofyoungpeoplewhobegantopaycloseattentiontoChineseoperacultureisdramaticallyincreasing.PartⅡProfessionZoomInVocabularyacknowledge[əkˈnɒlɪdʒ]v.承认mime[maɪm]n.哑剧swordplay[ˈsɔ:dpleɪ]n.剑术acrobatics[ˌækrəˈbætɪks]n.杂技faithful[ˈfeɪθfl]adj.忠诚的representative[ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv]adj.有代表性的，典型的PartⅡProfessionZoomInVocabularyworld-renowned[wɜ:ldrɪˈnaʊnd]adj.享誉世界的epoch[ˈi:pɒk]n.时代，纪元usher[ˈʌʃə(r)]v.引领refreshing[rɪˈfreʃɪŋ]adj.令人耳目一新的dramatically[drəˈmætɪkli]adv.显著地PartⅡProfessionZoomInPhrases&Expressionsincontrastto...与……相比besubdividedinto细分成fallinto分成PartⅡProfessionZoomInProperNames1.MeiLanfang：梅兰芳，近代杰出的京昆旦行演员，“四大名旦”之首，“梅派”艺术创始人，同时也是享有国际盛誉的表演艺术大师，其表演被推为“世界三大表演体系”之一。在西方人的眼中，梅兰芳就是京剧的代名词，他的代表剧目有《贵妃醉酒》《霸王别姬》等；在昆曲方面，梅兰芳的代表作有《游园惊梦》《断桥》等。2.ChengYanqiu：程砚秋，杰出的京剧表演艺术家、戏剧理论家、教育家，京剧“程派”艺术创始人，“四大名旦”之一。他塑造了百余个精彩的舞台艺术形象，创立了内涵丰富、结构严谨的京剧程派艺术体系。他终身坚守“为提高人类生活目标”的戏剧观和中华民族传统美德，为我们留下了宝贵的文化财富。PartⅡProfessionZoomInProperNames3.MaLianliang：马连良，京剧“马派”艺术创始人，“四大须生”之一，将“生”“末”两行的表演手段融为一体，极大地丰富了京剧的唱腔艺术，形成了唱念做相结合的风格。4.ZhouXinfang：周信芳，京剧表演艺术家，京剧“麒派”艺术创始人。艺术上勇于创新，继承发展民族戏曲现实主义表现方法，塑造具有鲜明性格的典型人物，形成独特的“麒派”表演艺术风格。PartⅡProfessionZoomInTextUnderstandingHints❶Chineseoperaisatraditionalformofstageentertainment,weavingtogetherelementsofmime,dance,song,dialogue,swordplayandacrobaticsintoonefluidcontinuousflow.中国戏曲是一种将哑剧、舞蹈、歌曲、对话、剑术和杂技这些元素交织在一起形成的流畅的、具有连续流程的传统舞台艺术形式。PartⅡProfessionZoomInTask1Matchthewordsontheleftwiththeirmeaningsontheright.1.acknowledgea.stayingwithorsupportingaparticularperson,organizationorbelief2.faithfulb.aperiodoftimeinhistory,especiallyoneduringwhichimportanteventsorchangeshappen3.refreshingc.pleasantlynewordifferent4.evolved.toacceptthatsomethingistrue5.epoche.todevelopgraduallyPartⅡProfessionZoomInTask2Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsinthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.1.Sheismoretalentedandstudious,____________hersister.2.Thecompanyhas_________intoamajorchemicalmanufacturer.3.Fine_________Chinesecultureisundergoingcreativetransformationanddevelopment.4.Theyare_________intofourgroups.5.Herprincipalinterestinlifewastobea_______________pianist.incontrasttoevolvedtraditionalsubdividedworld-renownedPartⅡProfessionZoomInTask3Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.1.WhatdoesChineseoperaparallelwith?___________________________________________________________________________2.WhatdidBeijingOperaevolvefrom?___________________________________________________________________________3.HowmanyformsdoesChineseoperafallinto?___________________________________________________________________________4.WhoarethefourfamousBeijingOperaactorsmentionedinthetext?___________________________________________________________________________5.Accordingtothetext,whydidyoungpeoplebegintopaycloseattentiontoChineseoperaculture?___________________________________________________________________________ItparallelstheComediesandTragediesofGreeceandtheSanskritDramaofIndiaBeijingOperaevolvedfromKunOperaChineseoperafallsintomorethan300formsoftraditionaloperasTheyareMeiLanfang,ChengYanqiu,MaLianliangandZhouXinfangThecombinationoftraditionalChineseoperaandpopmusicisrefreshingPartⅡProfessionZoomInTask4Makeanoralintroductiontooneofthelocaloperasmentionedinthetextaccordingtotheguidelinesbelow.PartⅡProfessionZoomInListeningListentothedialogueandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhaveheard.M:Hi,Jane.Iam1_____________ifyouarefreethisSaturdaynight.W:Well,Iguessso.Whydoyouask?M:Ihavegot2ticketsforCantoneseOpera.W:IhaveneverwatchedCantoneseOperabefore.WhatmakesitdifferentfromotherChineseoperas?M:CantoneseOperaisoneoftheworld’sintangible2_____________heritage.Inadditiontousingnationalmusicalinstruments,italsousesWesterninstrumentssuchas3_____________,electricguitar,jazzdrum,trumpetandsoon.ItisperformedinCantonesedialect.wonderingculturalviolinPartⅡProfessionZoomInListeningListentothedialogueandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhaveheard.W:Wow,itsoundsinteresting.NowonderCantoneseOperaisgettingmoreandmore4_____________thesedays.M:5_____________.Ican’twaittoseetheshow.Shallwemeetat6:00p.m.?I’llcomeandpickyouup.W:OK.I’llseeyouthen.M:Seeyou.attentionYousaiditPartⅡProfessionZoomInSpeakingMakeasimilardialoguebasedonthelisteningmaterialabovewiththehelpoftheusefulexpressionsgivenbelow.Iamwonderingif...Yousaidit.Ican’twaitto...Usefulexpressionsyoumayuse:PartⅡProfessionZoomInSpeakingMakeasimilardialoguebasedonthelisteningmaterialabovewiththehelpoftheusefulexpressionsgivenbelow.PartⅢCareerZoomInReadingBeijingOpera

BeijingOperahasanover200-yearhistory.ThemainmelodiesoriginatedfromXipiandErhuang,originallyfromHubeiProvinceandAnhuiProvincerespectivelyandovertimetechniquesfrommanyotherlocaloperaswereincorporated.①

Itisaharmoniouscombinationofgrandopera,balletandacrobaticdisplay,consistingofdancing,dialogue,monologue,acrobaticcombatandmime.

TheRoles

TherearefourmainrolesinBeijingOpera:Sheng,Dan,JingandChou.

“Sheng”istheleadingmaleactorsandisdividedinto:

•“Laosheng”—wearbeardsandrepresentoldmen.

•“Xiaosheng”—representyoungmen.

•“Wusheng”—playmilitarymenandfighters.PartⅢCareerZoomInReading

•“Wawasheng”—playkids.

“Dan”isthefemaleroles.Formerly,thetermmeantfemaleimpersonator.Itisdividedintomanycategories.

•“Laodan”—oldladies.

•“Caidan”—femalecomedians.

•“Wudan”—usuallyplaymilitaryornon-militarywomencapableofmartialarts.

•“Qingyi”—themostimportantcategory,usuallyplayrespectableanddecentladiesinelegantcostumes.

•“Huadan”—representlivelyandcleveryounggirls,usuallyinshortcostumes.PartⅢCareerZoomInReading

“Jing”,mostlymale,istheface-paintedroleswhorepresentwarriors,heroes,statesmen,adventurersanddemons“.Jing”isgenerallycategorizedinto“Zhengjing”“,Fujing”and“Wujing”.

“Chou”referstoclownswhoarecharacterizedbyawhitepatchonthenose.Usuallywhitepatchesofdifferentshapesandsizesmeandifferentcharacters.Theyarenotdefinitelyrascals,whilemostofthetimetheyplayrolesofwit,alertandhumor.Itisthesecharacterswhokeeptheaudiencelaughingandimprovisequipsattherightmomentstoeasetensioninsomeseriousplays.②

FacialPainting

Facialpaintingsarepresentationsoftherolesofthecharacters.Forexample,aredfaceusuallydescribestherole’sbraveryandloyalty;awhitefacedescribesasinisterrole’streacheryandguile;agreenfacedescribesstubbornnessandlackofself-restraint.PartⅢCareerZoomInVocabularyrespectively[rɪˈspektɪvli]adv.分别地incorporate[ɪnˈkɔ:pəreɪt]v.吸收；包含monologue[ˈmɒnəlɒg]n.（戏剧、电影等的）独白military[ˈmɪlətri]adj.军队的impersonator[ɪmˈpɜ:səneɪtə(r)]n.扮演者comedian[kəˈmi:diən]n.喜剧演员respectable[rɪˈspektəbl]adj.值得尊敬的decent[ˈdi:snt]adj.正派的；得体的costume[ˈkɒstju:m]n.服装PartⅢCareerZoomInVocabularypatch[pætʃ]n.斑点；小片improvise[ˈɪmprəvaɪz]v.即兴创作quip[kwɪp]n.俏皮话loyalty[ˈlɔɪəlti]n.忠诚sinister[ˈsɪnɪstə(r)]adj.不祥的，邪恶的treachery[ˈtretʃəri]n.背叛guile[gaɪl]n.奸诈，狡诈stubbornness[ˈstʌbənnəs]n.固执self-restraint[ˌselfrɪˈstreɪnt]n.自我克制PartⅢCareerZoomInPhrases&Expressionsconsistof由……组成PartⅢCareerZoomInProperNamesXipi:西皮，戏曲腔调，唱腔明快高亢，刚劲挺拔，适合表达欢乐、激越、奔放的感情。明清之际，秦腔由西东传，结合湖北民间曲调演变而成西皮。Erhuang:二黄，戏曲腔调，来自于安徽，形成于湖北东部与安徽毗邻地区。PartⅢCareerZoomInTextUnderstandingHints❶ThemainmelodiesoriginatedfromXipiandErhuang,originallyfromHubeiProvinceandAnhuiProvincerespectivelyandovertimetechniquesfrommanyotherlocaloperaswereincorporated.其主要旋律起源于源自湖北省的西皮和源自安徽省的二黄。随着时间的推移，许多其他地方剧种的技巧也被纳入其中。❷Itisthesecharacterswhokeeptheaudiencelaughingandimprovisequipsattherightmomentstoeasetensioninsomeseriousplays.正是这些角色让观众笑个不停，并在适当的时候即兴诙谐，以缓解一些严肃戏剧中的紧张气氛。PartⅢCareerZoomInTask1Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.1.WhatdidthemainmelodiesofBeijingOperaoriginatefrom?__________________________________________________________________2.WhatarethefourmainrolesinBeijingOpera?__________________________________________________________________3.Whoaretheleadingmaleactors?__________________________________________________________________ThemainmelodiesofBeijingOperaoriginatedfromXipiandErhuang.TherearefourmainrolesinBeijingOpera:Sheng,Dan,JingandChou..Sheng”istheleadingmaleactors.PartⅢCareerZoomInTask1Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.4.Whokeeptheaudiencelaughingandimprovisequipsattherightmomentstoeasetensioninsomeseriousplays？___________________________________________________________________________5.Whatdoesthe“redface”usuallydescribe?___________________________________________________________________________Chou”keeptheaudiencelaughingandimprovisequipsattherightmomentstoeasetensioninsomeseriousplays.Aredfaceusuallydescribestherole’sbraveryandloyalty.PartⅢCareerZoomInTask2Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothetext.(

)1.BeijingOperahasanover300-yearhistory.(

)2.“Dan”isthemaleroles.(

)3.“Jing”isgenerallycategorizedinto“Zhengjing”“,Fujing”and“Wujing”.(

)4.Facialpaintingsarepresentationsoftherolesofthecharacters.(

)5.Agreenfacesymbolizesasinisterrole’streacheryandguile.FFTTFPartⅢCareerZoomInTask3

MakeasummaryofthefourmainrolesinBeijingOperaaccordingtothetextandtrytodescribethedetailsinyourownwords._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartⅢCareerZoomInHowtoPassanInterviewinaOperaTroupe

Takinganinterviewisonepartofapplyingforajobinaoperatroupe.Itisthebestopportunityforanoperaartistwhentherearevacantpositionsintheoperatroupe.Somespecificpointscanbementioned,suchas,thereasonwhyyouarethebestpersonfortheposition,thequalificationsortheartisticskillsyouareequippedwith.

Tobesuccessfulintheinterview,thefollowingtipsmaybeusefultoyou:

1.Researchtheoperatroupe.Findoutsomethinginterestingaboutthemthathasattractedyoutotherole.Whatisthecompany’sculture?Haveyouseenanyoftheirperformance?Whatarethelatestnewsstories?CareerTipsPartⅢCareerZoomIn

2.Takeacopyofyourrésumétothefinalinterview.Ifpossible,includeanyevidenceofpreviousartisticperformance.Thismightincludedetailsofpreviousperformancereviewsorprojectsyouhavecollaboratedon.

3.Taketworeferenceswithyouofpeoplewhorecommendyoufortheposition!

4.Dressappropriatelyanddon’tforgettobepoliteanddemonstrategoodmannersthroughouttheinterview!

5.Expressyourenthusiasmfortherolethroughouttheinterview!Telltheinterviewersyougenuinelywantthisposition.CareerTipsPartⅢCareerZoomIn

Aftertheinterview,whetheritissuccessfulornot,aletterofthanksisnecessary.Ifyoufailtogetthejob,youcancallandsaytothepersonnelsincerely“:Iknowyouareterriblybusy.Iwouldhighlyappreciateitifyoucouldgivesomeconstructiveadviceonmyrésuméandmyperformanceinthisinterview.IwonderhowIcandoitbetterinthefuture.”Withsympathytheinterviewermayconfesstoyou.Itwillbethemostprecioustreasurefortheapplicant.CareerTipsPartⅢCareerZoomIn(Jimmyisauniversitygraduateandnowheisinajobinterview.)Diana:Yourname,please?Jimmy:JimmySmith.Diana:Nicetomeetyou,Mr.Smith.Jimmy:I’vebeen1__________________thisinterview.Thesearemypersonaldocumentsaboutmyeducationandexperience.Diana:OK.Canyoubriefly2__________________?Jimmy:ImajoredinmusicandIgraduatedwithgoodscores.I3____________sometalentshowsinouruniversityandwon4____________.I’mvery5____________thisfield.Diana:Great.NowI’dliketoknowmoreaboutthetalentshowsyoujustmentioned.Jimmy:...Listentothedialogueandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhaveheard.ListeninglookingforwardtointroduceyourselftookpartinprizesinterestedinPartⅢCareerZoomInUsefulexpressionsyoumayuse:Thesearemypersonaldocumentsaboutmyeducationandexperience.Ihavebeenlookingforwardtothisinterview.Imajoredin...Itookpartin...I’minterestedin...Makeasimilardialoguebasedonthelisteningmaterialabovewiththehelpoftheusefulexpressionsgivenbelow.SpeakingPartⅣReal-lifePracticeHowtoWriteaLetterofApplication

Aletterofapplication,alsoknownasacoverletter,isajobapplicationdocumentsentwithyourrésumétoprovideadditionalinformationaboutyourskillsandexperience.

Theletterofapplicationisintendedtoprovidedetailedinformationonwhyyouareaqualifiedcandidateforthejobyouareapplyingfor.Effectivelettersofapplicationexplainthereasonsforyourinterestinthespecificorganizationandidentifyyourmostrelevantskillsorexperience.

Yourletterofapplicationshouldlettheemployersknowwhatpositionyouareapplyingfor,whatmakesyouastrongcandidate,whytheyshouldselectyouforaninterview,andhowyouwillfollowup.Readthefollowingpassage,getfamiliarwithnoticesandannouncements,andtrytofinishthegiventask.PracticalWritingPartⅣReal-lifePractice

LettersofApplicationTips

Sellyourself.Throughouttheletter,focusonhowyouwouldbenefitthecompany.Providespecificexamplesoftimeswhenyoudemonstratedskillsorabilitiesthatwouldbeusefulforthejob,especiallythoselistedinthejobpostingordescription.Ifpossible,includeexamplesoftimeswhenyouaddedvaluestoacompany.Numericalvaluesofferconcreteevidenceofyourskillsandaccomplishments.Readthefollowingpassage,getfamiliarwithnoticesandannouncements,andtrytofinishthegiventask.PracticalWritingPartⅣReal-lifePractice

Usekeywords.Rereadthejoblisting,circlinganykeywords(suchasskillsorabilitiesthatareemphasizedinthelisting).Trytoincludesomeofthosewordsinyourcoverletter.Thiswillhelptheemployerseethatyouareastrongfitforthejob.

Keepitbrief.Keepyourletterunderapage,withnomorethanaboutfourparagraphs.Anemployerismorelikelytoreadaconciseletter.

Edit,edit,edit.Employersarelikelytooverlookanapplicationwithalotoferrors.Therefore,readthroughyourcoverletter,andifpossibleaskafriendorcareercounselortoreviewtheletter.Proofreadforanygrammarorspellingerrors.Readthefollowingpassage,getfamiliarwithnoticesandannouncements,andtrytofinishthegiventask.PracticalWritingPartⅣReal-lifePractice

WritingaLetterofApplication:Step-by-Step

1.Greeting

Beginyourlettergreetingwith“Dr./Mr./Ms.Lastname”.Ifyoudonotknowtheemployer’slastname,simplywrite“DearHiringManager”orleavethegreetingofftheletterandstartwiththefirstparagraph.

2.BodyofLetter

FirstParagraph:Explainwhyyouarewriting—mentionthejobyouareapplyingforandwhereyoufoundthelisting.Readthefollowingpassage,getfamiliarwithnoticesandannouncements,andtrytofinishthegiventask.PracticalWritingPartⅣReal-lifePractice

MiddleParagraph(s):Statewhatyouhavetooffertheemployer—mentionwhyyourskillsandexperienceareagoodfitforthejob.Foreachskillorqualityyoumention,provideaspecificexample