2024北京朝阳高三一模英语试题及答案

北京市朝阳区高三年级第二学期质量检测一

英语2U24.4

（考试时间90分钟满分100分）

本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。

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第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并

在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Itwashardnottonoticean8-year-oldkidstorminginandoutofhisownhouse.4tHcdoesn'thave

afather,saidhisneighbor,WilliamDunn."Icanprobablydosomethingforhim.”

Thatsomethingwasfishing,a]Dunn'sfatherhadsharedwithhim.4itbroughtmepeace

andtaughtmehowtobepatient,“hesaid.Hethentookthekidfishingeveryweekend.Graduallyhe

tookgroupsofkidsouttofish.Mostdidn'thavefatherfigures."They'dbeenthroughalot,andtheir

liveswere2saidDunn."Butwhentheywerefishing,allofthatdisappeared.Ontheboat,

they'dbelaughingandmakingnewfriends.Theyjust3themoment?,

4bythisscene,DunnstartedthenonprofitTakeaKidFishing.Heandthevolunteershave

introduced2,500kids—mostwithoutfathers5—tothecalmingpeacefoundonthewaterandthe

excitementofcatchingafish.

Justasimportantasthefishingarethe6Dunnformswiththosekids.Whentheyhavea

roughtime,Dunnwilltalkwiththem,emphasizingself-respectandmental7.Oneofthekids,

BellaSmith,saidshewouldforgetaboutthepastwhilefishingandconcentrateonsomethingpositive.

“Fishingislearning,“shesaid."I'velearnedI8abetterlifethanv/hatIhad.WheneverIfeel

down,Iknowit'stimetogofishing.”

Dunn'sfatherpassedawaythisyear,sofishinghas9newmeaningforhim."Ihavea

strongerlikingforitbecausenowI'mfatherlesstoo.There'snothinglikefeelingthatfirstpullonthe

lineandseeingakidlightupwithasmile,“saidDunn."Ifeel10towitnessthateveryweekend.^^

1.A.caseB.passionC.dutyD.goal

2.A.difficultB.dramaticC.adventurousD.boring

3.A.rememberedB.regrettedC.recordedD.appreciated

4.A.EntertainedB.ShockedC.InspiredD.Confused

5.A.nearbyB.aroundC.aheadD.throughout

6.A.identitiesB.agreementsC.relationshipsD.opinions

7.A.toughnessB.dependenceC.sharpnessD.defense

8.A.requireB.deserveC.leadD.secure

9.A.leftbehindB.turnedintoC.carriedoutD.takenon

10.A.curiousB.nervousC.luckyD.hesitant

高三英语试卷第1页（共9页）

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给

出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

A

ZhaoChuangisascienceartistworkinginBeijing,11jobbridgesscienceandartby

paintingandsculpturingancientextinctspecies.Zhaoreproduceseachelementdescribedinpaperson

thehistoryoflifeinanartisticway,andthe12(blank)inscientificresearcharefilledbyhis

logicandimagination.Hispaintingofaprehistoricflyinganimalbecamethecoverofimportant

scientificjournalNaturein2006,ahighlightinhiscareer13ascienceartist.

B

Harbin,14(know)foritsiceandsnowfestivals,becameverypopularlastwinter.An

increasingnumberoftouristsrushedtothe“IceCityofChina“toexperiencethebestoficeandsnow

culture.Besidesthefrostydelights,thecitystillhasmuchmore15(offer)allyeararound,

includingitstraditionalEuropean-stylearchitecture,uniquecuisineandculturalevents.Thecity's

individualattractionsmake16amust-seespotnomattertheweather.

C

TheTerracottaArmy(兵马俑)wasfoundin1974nearXi'an.Itisfbrmedofmorethan8,000

sculptures,which17(bury)alongsidetheemperorQinShiHuangmorethan2,200yearsago.

Now,researchershaverecreatedtheshoesofonesoldierandanalysisofthem18(suggest)that

shoeswornbytheterracottasculpturesweresurprisinglyflexibleandslipresistant.Iftherecreated

shoes19(true)reflecttherealones,theycanhelpbuildabetterpictureof20Qin

dynastysoldiersworeandhowthismighthaveaidedtheminbattles.

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第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

A

You'veracedtothesupermarketonlytorealiseyou'velefttheshoppinglisthome.Youneedto

memorisewhichgroceriestopickupbeforeyoufbrget.Thankfully,there'samemoryaidthat's

perfectfbrthejob:thepeg-wordmethod.

高三英语试卷第2页（共9页）

Whatisthepeg-wordmethod?

Itemploysasetofpre-detenninedwords,regardedaspegwords,fortheto-be-remembered

information.Pegwordsactasastructuretohelpyourememberparticularitems.Essentially,you're

hanginginformationyouneedtorecallonthesepegs,whichallowsittoberecalledquicklyandeasily.

Initially,tousethismethod,youwillhavetorememberthepegwordsaswellasthenumbers:

one-buntwo-shoethree=treefour=doorfive==hive

six=sticksseven=heaveneight=gatenine=vineten=hen

Thenextstepistocreateassociationsbetweentheinformationyouneedtorememberandthe

itemlinkedwiththecorrespondingnumber.Ifthefirstitem,forinstance,ismilk,thenyouneedto

visualisethemilkandabun（小圆面包）together.Themoreunusualyoucanmakeyourimage,the

morelikelyyouaretorememberit.Inthiscase,youcouldimagineabundrinkingaglassofmilk.

Whyisituseful?

Asthecaseshows,itismostusefulwhenitcomestorememberinglistsandyoucanrecallthe

listeditemseasilyinorder.Anotherwaytousethismemoryaidistomemoriseimportantnumbers,

likephonenumbersordates.Forinstance,youneedtorememberthatWilliamShakespearewasborn

intheyear1564.First,changethatnumbertobun-hive-sticks-door.Thenimagineastorytohelpyou

remembertheseries:

WilliamShakespeareputabuninabeehivetocoatitinhoney,buthedidn7likehowstickyit

becamesohethrewitatadoor.

Thepeg-wordmethodhasbeenwildlyrecognizedasahelpfulmemoryaid.Formoreinformation,

pleasevisithttps://jojomemory.coni/.

21.Howcanweapplythepeg-wordmethodtorecallanitem?

A.Listoutdifferentmeaningsoftheitem.

B.Visualisetheitemandmemorizeitsimage.

C.Choosetheitem'spegwordandrememberit.

D.Createavisuallinkbetweentheitemanditspegword.

22.Whatisthebestwaytorememberthenumber347withthepegwordsinthetable?

A.Ahendrinksfromabottleofwine.

B.Aloadofeggsgrowlikefruitonatree.

C.Atreegrowsthroughthedoortoheaven.

D.Anappleshootsoutofabunandhitsthedoor.

23.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?

A.Tointroduceahelpfulmemorytool.

B.Toadvertiseabraintrainingprogram.

C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofpegwords.

D.Toanalyzethenecessityoftrainingmemory.

高三英语试卷第3页（共9页）

27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Misfortuneisagoodteacher.

B.Disabilityisnotabarriertosuccess.

C.Self-acceptancecanleadtoself-love.

D.Nothingbeatsthefeelingofbeingloved.

C

Thestreetsandroofsofcitiesallabsorbheat,makingsomeurbanareashotterthanruralones.

These“urbanheatislands“canalsodevelopundergroundascityheatspreadsdownward,andsubway

tracksandothersubsurfaceinfrastructure（基础设施）alsoconstantlyradiatewarmthintothe

surroundingearth.

AnewstudyofdowntownChicagoshowsundergroundhotspotsmaythreatentheverysame

structuresthatgiveofftheheatinthefirstplace.44Withoutanyonerealizingit,thecityofChicago's

downtownwasdeforming,saysstudyauthorRottaLoria,anenvironmentalengineer.

Humansaren'ttheonlypotentiallyaffected.uForalotofthingsinthesubsurface,it'skindof'out

ofsight,outofmind,'"saysGrantFerguson,ageologist.Buttheundergroundworldisfullofcreatures

thathaveadaptedtosubsurfaceexistencesuchasinsectsandsnails.Asthetemperaturerisesbecause

ofclimatechangeandundergroundurbandevelopment,scientistsarekeepingeyesonthepotential

implicationsforundergroundecosystems.

Butthequestionofhowundergroundhotspotscouldaffectinfrastructurehasgonelargely

unstudied.Becausematerialsexpandandcontractwithtemperaturechange,Rottasuspectedthatheat

comingfromundergroundcouldbecontributingtowearandtearonvariousstructures.Tounderstand

howundergroundtemperaturedifferencehasaffectedtheground'sphysicalproperties,heuseda

computermodeltosimulate（模拟）theundergroundenvironmentfromthe1950stonow—andthento

2050.Hefoundthatbythemiddleofthiscentury,someareasmayliftupwardbyasmuchas0.50inch

orsettlebyasmuchas0.32inch,dependingonthesoilmakeupoftheareainvolved.Thoughthese

maysoundlikesmalldisplacements,Rottasaystheycouldcausecracksinthefoundationsofsome

buildings,causingbuildingstofall.

KathrinMenberg,ageoscientistinGermany,saysthesedisplacementpredictionsarefarbeyond

herguessesandcouldbelinkedtothesoft,clay-heavysoils."Claymaterialisparticularlysensitive,n

shesays,“Itwouldbeabigissueinallcitiesworldwidethatarebuiltonsuchmaterial.M

Likeclimatechangeabovethesurface,undergroundchangesoccurgradually."Theseeffectstook

decadestodevelop,“Fergusonsays,addingthatincreasedundergroundtemperatureswouldlikewise

takealongtimetodissipateontheirown."Wecouldbasicallyturneverythingoff,andit'sgoingto

remainthere,thetemperaturesignal,fbrquiteawhile.^^

ButFergusonsaysthiswastedheatenergycouldalsobereused,presentinganopportunitytoboth

coolthesubsurfaceandsaveonenergycosts.Still,thisassumptioncouldfailasabovegroundclimate

changecontinuestoboostundergroundwarming.Howeverslowly,thisheatwillgatherbeneathour

fbet."It'slikeclimatechange,“RottaLoriasays."Maybewedon'tseeitalways,butit,shappening??

高三英语试卷第5页（共9页）

28.TheauthorquotesRottaLoriainParagraph2mainlyto.

A.makeapredictionB.highlightafinding

C.drawaconclusionD.raiseanassumption

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.”Urbanheatislands''extendundergroundtospareecosystems.

B.Surfaceclimatechangecontributestothereuseofundergroundheat.

C.Undergroundtemperaturesmirrortheground'sphysicalcharacteristics.

D.Buildingsmaycollapseasapotentialconsequenceofundergroundheat.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dissipate“inParagraph6probablymean?

A.Show.B.Stay.

C.Develop.D.Disappear.

31.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?

A.Undergroundclimatechangeisasilentdanger.

B.Humansfailtonoticethedramaticclimatechange.

C.Coolingthesubsurfacehelpscontrolurbanheatrises.

D.Researchingundergroundheathelpssaveonenergycosts.

D

Havewereachedthepeakoftheculturewar?Lookingatmysocialmediafeeds,itseemsthat

polarisedthinkingandmisinformationhaveneverbeenmorecommon.HowamIsupposedtofeel

whenusersIonceadmirednowdrawonquestionableevidencetosupporttheirbeliefs?

Perhapsitistimeforusalltoadoptalittle^existentialhumility^^.Icameacrossthisideaina

paperbyJeffreyGreenatVirginiafromCommonWealthUniversityandhiscolleagues.Theybuildon

adecadeofresearchexaminingthebenefitsof"intellectualhumility^^moregenerally-ourabilityto

recognisetheerrorsinourjudgementandremainawareofthelimitsofourknowledge.

Youcangetaflavourofthisresearchbyratingyouragreementwiththefollowingstatements,

rangingfrom1(notatalllikeme)to5(verylikeme):Iquestionmyownopinionsbecausetheycould

bewrong;Irecognisethevalueinopinionsthataredifferentfrommyown;inthefaceofconflicting

evidence,Iamopentochangingmyopinions.

Peoplewhoscorehighlyonthisassessmentarelesslikelytoformkree-jerkreactionsonatopic,

andtheyfinditeasiertoconsiderthestrengthsorweaknessesofalogicalargument.Theyareless

likelytobeinfluencedbymisinfonnation,sincetheytendtoreadthearticleinfull,investigatethe

sourcesofanewsstoryandcompareitsreportingtootherstatements,beforecomingtoastrong

conclusionaboutitstruth.

Developing^intellectualhumility“wouldbeanexcellentideainallfields,butcertainsituations

maymakeitparticularlydifficulttoachieve.Greenatpointsoutthatsomebeliefsaresocentraltoour

identitythatanychallengecanactivateanexistentialcrisis,asifourwholeworldviewandmeaningin

lifeareunderthreat.Asaresult,webecomemoreinsistentinouropinionsandseekanywaytoprotect

them.Thismayreducesomeofourfeelingsofuncertainty,butitcomesatthecostofmoreanalytical

thinking.

高三英语试卷第6页（共9页）

Forthesereasons,Greenatdefines“existentialhumility^^asthecapacitytoentertainthethought

ofanotherworldviewwithoutbecomingsodefensiveandclosed-minded.Sohowcouldweachieveit?

Thiswillbethesubjectoffutureresearch,buttheemotionofawe(afeelingofgreatrespectand

admiration)mayofferonepossibility.Onestudyfoundthatwatchingawe-inspiringvideosaboutspace

andtheuniverseledtohumblerthinking,includingagreatercapacitytoadmitweaknesses.

Perhapswecouldallbenefitfrominterruptingourdespairwithawe-inspiringcontent.Atthevery

least,wecantrytoquestionourpreconceptionsbeforeofferingourviewsonsocialmediaandbea

littlelessreadytocriticizewhenothersdisagree.

32.Regardingtheculturewaronsocialmedia,theauthoris.

A.embarrassedB.concernedC.panickedD.stressed

33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Existentialhumilityreducesthethreattoidentity.

B.Peoplewithintellectualhumilitytendtojumptoconclusions.

C.Awecouldpromoteexistentialhumilitybyencouragingmodestthinking.

D.Thehigheryouscoreontheassessment,themoreyousticktoyourvalues.

34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.OvercomeanExistentialCrisisB.ShowaLittleHumility

C.ThePathtoScreeningInformationD.TheApproachtoAchievingHumility

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能镇入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

项涂黑,选项中有两项为多余选项。

Inmostadults,learningandthinkingbegintodeclineasearlyasage30.Peoplestarttoperform

slightlyworseintestsofcognitiveabilitiessuchastherateatwhichsomeonedoesamentaltask.

35

Thesechangesarcoftenconsiderednormalaging.Buttheymayinsteadrepresentsomethingmore

likethe“summerslide“thatsomeschoolchildrenexperienceinacademicprogressduringsummer

break.Recentresearchsuggeststhatapauseoflearningisindeedaproblemcausingcognitive

reduction.36

Inathree-monthintervention,theresearchersprovidedanencouraginglearningenvironmentfor

24olderadults.Theytookatleastthreeclassestolearnthreenewskills.Theyalsodiscussedissues

relatedtolearningbarriersandmotivation.Overthecoursetheseparticipants'cognitivescoresfbr

memoryandflexibilitysignificantlyimproved.Inafollow-upstudy,theresearchersdiscovered

amazinglythattheyhadimprovedfurther:37Inotherwords,givingtheseseniorsa

multicourseroutineseemedtobringuptheirabilitiestolevelssimilartothoseofcollegestudents.

高三英语试卷第7页（共9页）

Theresearchersarestillinvestigatingwhycognitivescorescontinuedtoclimbaftertheprogram's

end,butonepossibilityisthattheexperienceencouragedtheseolderparticipantstocontinuelearning

andpracticingnewskills.Olderadultsarcoftenassumedtobeonadownwardslidewith

unrecoverableloss."Useitorloseit,**thesayinggoes.38Decline,aswesooftenseeit,may

notbecertain.That'swhyweneedtocreateenrichedlearningenvironmentsforadultsaftertheir

formaleducationandjobtrainingend.

39Educatorsknowhowtoeducatechildrenandadolescents,andwecanadaptthat

knowledgetodeveloplearningopportunitiesforadults.Societiescouldalsoprovideresourcesand

pathstowardlifelonglearningtoensurethateveryonecanbenefit.Let'sshifttheconversationabout

adultsfromavoidinglossanddeclinetolearningandgrowing.

A.Butthisdeclinecanbeaddressed.

B.Theslidebecomessharperintheirmid-60s.

C.Interruptedlearningmaynotonlyaffectchildren.

D.Thequestionnowishowsocietycanmaximizeadult'schancestokeeplearning.

E.Theircognitiveabilitiesafteroneyearwereclosetothoseofadults50yearsyounger.

F.Olderadultresearchtendstoemphasizeskilllearningonlyafterdailyfunctionsstarttodecline.

G.However,theresearchsuggeststheycanincreasebothskillsandcognitiveabilitiesoveralong

term.

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第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Gesturesrefertothecommunicationwherevisiblebodilyactionsareusedtocommunicate

importantmessages.Theyincludemovementofhands,face,orotherpartsofthebody.Gestures

benefitourlivesalot.Takelanguagelearning.

Insomelanguages,certainsyllables（音节）withinwordsarepronouncedwithmarkedlymore

weightthanothers,calledlexicalstress.LanguagessuchasEnglishcommonlyfeaturelexicalstress.

Forexample,theworduaccenf,involvesmoreemphasisonthefirstsyllable,"ac”，thanthesecond,

“cent”.NativespeakersofChinese,however,don'tuselexicalstressandthereforefinditdifficultto

learnlanguagesthatfeatureit.

Makinganyhandgesturecouldhelplearnersrecognizelexicalstress,whichhasbeenprovedby

XingTian'steam.Theyselected124nativeChinesespeakers,whowatchedvideosofpeople

performinghandmovementsthatweresynced（同步的）torecordingsofthesameEnglishwords.In

addition,theyalsofoundwhenmorepronouncedgesturesmatchedthestressedsyllable,the

participantswereparticularlygoodatidentifyingit.

高三英语试卷第8页（共9页）

Theresearchinvolvedseveralexperiments,whichmakesitdifficulttocombinetheresults.

Nevertheless,Tianestimatesthatthsuseofgestureshelpedidentifylexicalstressbetween10and15

percentmoreaccuratelycomparedwithnogesturesatall,andhowmuchhelpdependsonthenatureof

gestures.

Afollow-upstudyconductedbyanotherteamexposedthesameChinesespeakerstoRussian

wordsandgotsimilarresults."Ourfindingshighlightthefunctionalroleofgesturesinenhancing

speechlearning,suggestingpracticalstrategiesforlanguageteachingandlearning,''theresearchers

writeintheirpaper.

Thebenefitsofgesturesextendfarbeyondteachingandlearning.Sincegesturesaredeeply

integratedintoourdailylives,theydeservemoreofourattention.

40.Whatdogesturesmean?

41.WhatdidXingTian'steamfindintheirstudy?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

>Gestureshelplearnlexicalstress,butthedegreetowhichtheyhelpdependsonthecomplexity

ofthelexicalstress.

43.Besideswhatismentionedinthepassage,howdogesturesbenefityouinyourlife?(Inabout40

words)

第二节(20分)

假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。在第16个全国防灾减灾日到来之际，你们学校开展了一

次以“安全进校园”为主题的教育活动。你校国际部交换生Jim对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。

请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：

1.活动目的；

2.活动安排。

:;<1.=>100?@A

2.BCDEFGHI,JKI_M=>N

提示词：全国防灾减灾日一NationalDisasterPreventionandReductionDay

DearJim,

Yours,

LiHua

高三英语试卷第9页（共9页）

北京市朝阳区高三年级第二学期质量检测一

英语参考答案2024.4

0—Noy&'。（+,y,30y>

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

I.B2.A3.D4.C5.B

6.C7.A8.B9.D10.C

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

11.whose12.blanks13.as14.known15.tooffer

16.it17.wereburied18.suggests19.truly20.what

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