2025~2026学年江苏常州市武进区前黄高级中学高一上学期期末考试英语试卷

2025~2026学年江苏常州市武进区前黄高级中学高一上学期期末考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Famousforitssunnybeachesandnaturalwonders,MiyakoIslandwelcomesmanyvisitorsduringholidays.ScubadivingMiyakoIslandisfordiving(潜水),withawealthofdivesitestoexplore,includingmanyunderwatercaves.Eventhosewithoutadivinglicensecanhaveatry.DiveshopsandtouroperatorsalsooffertoursforbeginnerstoexploreMiyakoIsland’sunderwaterenvironment.Snorkeling(浮潜)Snorkelingisamust-tryinMiyakoIsland.Plentyofspacetodiveclosetotheshoreisastandoutfeature.Forbeginners,AragusukuandShigiraareagoodchoicebutadvancedsnorkelersmayseeImgyoMarineGarden,WaiwaiBeachandShimojishimaastheirfavoritespots.ThebridgesIrabuBridgeisthelongesttoll-freebridgeinJapan.ItconnectsMiyakoIslandandIrabujima,stretchingfor3540m.SmallerbridgesconnectIrabuandShimojiislands,givingvisitorsadditionalbeachoptions.OnShimojiIsland,thereisaboardwalkaroundTooriikeandtwodramaticmarinepondsconnectedtoeachother.UniquebeachesYonahaMaehamaBeachisthemostfamousbeachinMiyakoIsland,wherewhitesandstretchesforsevenkilometers.SunayamaBeach,knownforitsarch-shapedrock,ishiddeninasmallcove(湾),andonehastowalkthroughlinesoftreestogetthere.FreshislandfoodDelightyoursenseswithdeliciousMiyakonoodles,orfreshfruit.OkinawahasthehighestmangoproductioninJapan,andMiyakoIsland’swarmclimateissuitableforgrowingfresh,juicymangoes.1.Whichofthefollowingmayattractinexperienceddivers?

A．Aragusuku.B．Shimojishima.C．WaiwaiBeach.D．ImgyoMarineGarden.2.WhatdoweknowaboutSunayamaBeach?

A．Itstretchesfor3540m.B．Itissurroundedbytrees.C．Itishiddenbehindarock.D．Itcanbereachedonfoot.3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A．TointroduceMiyakoIslandtoreaders.B．ToadvertisedivinginMiyakoIsland.C．TopromotegreentourisminMiyakoIsland.D．ToshareanexperienceinMiyakoIslandwithreaders.Inwhatwouldbecomeoneofherlastinterviews,Janesatwithafadedphotographinherhands.TheimageshowedthebabyJaneholdingherfirstbirthdaygiftfromherfather—astuffedchimpanzee(黑猩猩)Jubilee.“Mymother’sfriendswerehorrifiedbythistoy,thinkingitwouldfrightenmeandgivemenightmares,”sherecalled.Instead,itledtohersenseofwonderabouttheworldandchangedhumankind’sunderstandingofanimals.HerfascinationwithAfricabegannotlongaftershelearnedtoread.ShediscoveredDr.Doolittleateight,andTarzanandtheApesbyten.Itwasthenthatsheannouncedshewasgoingtogrowup,gotoAfrica,livewithwildanimals,andwritebooksaboutthem.Thiswasin1944,whenWorldWarIIwasragingandtheideaofwomenasprofessionals“justwasn’tonthetable.”London-bornJanealwayscreditedherparents—businessmanMortimerHerbertandnovelistMargaretJoseph—fortheirsupport.Whenotherchildrenteasedherunusualdream,hermotherreassuredher:truedreamsdemandtirelesswork,seizingopportunity,andnevergivingintodoubt.Thisfirmbeliefbecameherlife’sfoundation.Amemoryfromagefourcapturesthis:shehaddisappearedforfourhours,causingconsiderableconcern,onlytobediscoveredsittingcontentedlyinthehenhouse,absorbedinwatchingthehensandwonderingwheretheireggscamefrom.Insteadofscoldingher,hermothersawtheprofoundwonderinherdaughter’seyes.Herworkdefinedherlife—rightuptotheend.Despiteheroldage,Janetraveled300daysayear,deliveringtalkstostudents,scientists,andacademics.ShewasonaspeakingtourintheU.S.whenshepassedawayrecentlyinhersleepatahotelinLosAngeles.Tributes(颂词)floodedinfromfarandwide.“Jane’sworkonprimatesandtheimportanceofconservationopenedthedoorsforgenerationsofwomeninscience,”BarackObamasaid.PrinceWilliampraisedher“infinitecuriosity,compassion,andpioneeringspirit.Shechallengedusalltomakeadifferenceandinspiredmeandcountlessotherstoworktoprotectourplanet.”4.WhyisthetoyJubileementioned?

A．Itshowsthefearsitcreatedinherchildhood.B．Ithighlightsitsinspiringroleinherlife.C．Itjustifiesherbondwithfamilysocialcircle.D．Itfunctionsasherfirstscientificsubject.5.Whatdoes“wasn’tonthetable”suggestinparagraph2?

A．Wildlifestudywasunsuitableforwomen.B．Scientificpracticewassetunderthetable.C．Societycouldaccommodategirls’ambition.D．Femalescientistswerelessacknowledged.6.WhatqualitydidJanegetfromherfamilyeducation?

A．Curiosityandpersistence.B．Ambitionandcompetitiveness.C．Creativityandimagination.D．Gentlenessandcare.7.What’sthepurposeofthetext?

A．Tolaunchapioneeringcampaign.B．Tointroduceapromisingcareer.C．Torememberaguardianofnature.D．Toawakenapassionforwildlife.People’stendencytofollowtrends,especiallyonsocialmedia—evenwhentheylooksillyortakerisksdoingso—isdefinitelyacommonphenomenon.Whatdoespsychologysayabouttrendfollowing—andisthereawaytobreakfreefromthedesiretofollowthenewestcraze?AccordingtoPsychologistPamelaB.Rutledge,followingtrendsisn’tasignofcharacterweaknessormentalinstability.Rather,itisanentirelynaturalbehaviorembeddedinhumanity’sfundamentalneedtobelongtoasocialgroupandestablishconnectionswithothers.Historically,followingtrendswascrucialforoursurvival.ArchaeologistshaveuncoveredevidencethatearlyhumansworkedtogethertotransportstonetoolsoverlongdistancesabouttwomillionyearsagoinwhatisnowKenya—cooperationthatallowedthemtosurviveinasevereenvironment.Andthoughfollowingatrendonsocialmediaisn’texactlyasimportantasoutrunningasaber-toothedtiger,humanevolution(进化)hasprogrammedourbrainstobereceptivetosocialsignals.Anothercontributingfactorthesocialcognition(认知)—theprocessesthatdeterminewhatwenoticeandhowwerespondtoothers—largelytakesplaceinthepartsofthebrainthatoverseesight,patternrecognition,decision-making,andsimilarfunctions.“Thankstoourhumans’complexcognitivesystems,ourbrainsarereallygoodatidentifyingpatternsandstimulatingbehaviorthatcommunicatesoursocialstatus.Asaresult,youcanusealmostanythingtosignalyourmembershiporassociationwithasocialgroup.Givingofftherightsocialsignalsletsothersknowwhichgroupyoubelongtoorwanttoengagewith—andthosesignalsaremonitoredandinterpretedbyothers.Referredtoasidentitysignaling,thesebehaviorscanrangefrompostingacommentonlinetoselectingabrandofclothing,”saidRutledge.Almosteveryonefollowstrendsinsocialgroups,withoutexception.However,teenagers,andyoungadultsareespeciallylikelytofollowtrends,includingriskyones,duetotheirheighteneddesireforacceptanceandbelongingamongpeers.Therefore,it’sofgreatsignificancetoguidethemduringtheirjourneytowardsmaturity.8.WhatdoesRutledgethinkoffollowingtrends?

A．Changeable.B．Reasonable.C．Odd.D．Risky.9.Whydidearlyhumansprefertofollowtrends?

A．Toremovementalweakness.B．Toshowtheirsocialstatus.C．Tolivethroughdifficulties.D．Toexpandtheirpopulation.10.Whatisthehiddenmeaningofidentitysignaling?

A．Goodtasteinfashion.B．Blindpursuitofnovelty.C．Atruereflectionofpersonality.D．Akeenthirstforbelonging.11.Whatwillthefollow-upparagraphmostprobablytalkabout?

A．Tipsonhelpingkidsembracingtrendssensibly.B．Insightsintoforthcomingtrendsinthefuture.C．Parentalguidanceinkids’futurejobs.D．Psychologybehindtrendadoption.On21December1872,HMSChallengersetofffromEnglandonthefirstglobalscientificsurveyoftheseas.Thefour-year,130,000-kilometrevoyagerevealedtheocean’svastscaleanditslivinginhabitants.Now,150yearslater,theChallengerexpedition(远征)remainsamilestoneinoceanography(海洋学).Scientistsstilluseitsenormouscollectionstostudyhowtheoceanischanging.WhilemuchhaschangedsincetheChallengerera—frompianowiretosoundbeamsforseabedmapping—someoutdatedideasstillpersistandtheyurgentlyneedtobeleftbehind.Backthen,sciencewasdrivennotjustbycuriositybutalsobyanimperialisticdesiretofindandsecureaccesstoresources.Thismindsetofexplorationgoinghandinhandwithexploitation(剥削)persiststoday.Weknowfarmorenowthanwedid150yearsagoaboutthecriticalroletheoceanplaysasasupportsystemforalllifeonEarth.Itregulatestheclimate,generatesoxygen,absorbscarbonandcontainsmassesofbiodiversity.Meanwhile,industriesareseekingtoextractmorethaneverfromtheocean,fromseabedmineralstothefishthatinhabitdeepwaters.Workingcloselywithscientistsnotonlyshowsindustrialistswhatistheretoexploit,andwhere,butitcanalsohelpjustifytheiractivities.Withtheoceanfacingsomanythreats,thisisacriticaltimeformarinesciencetomovebeyondtheoldnarrativeofexploitation.Initsplace,weneedanewmodelforseekingtobetterunderstandtheocean,toproperlyprotectitandtofindfair,rightandtrulysustainablewaystousethevastbluepartsofourplanet.Unliketheexploitationofmindsetofthepast,thisnewmodelprioritizesunderstandingandprotectionoverresourceextraction.Thisglobalscientificcooperativeisn’tasingleexpedition,butcombinestheeffortsofscientistsworldwideonnumerousresearchtripsoverthecurrentdecade.Amajoraimistogotoplacesscientistshaven’tbeenbefore,andtousethatknowledgetobetterappreciatehowallofsocietybenefitsfromtheocean.Earthhasoneocean,andwealldependonit—notjustthosewhowillgainthemostcommercially.12.WhyistheChallengerexpeditionmentionedinthepassage?

A．Tocriticizeitsoutdatedexplorationmethods.B．Tohighlightitslastingimpactonmarinescience.C．Topointoutitsimperialisticgoals.D．Tocomparewithdeep-seaexplorationtools.13.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconcernintoday’soceandevelopment?

A．Theoveremphasisonprotectingbiodiversity.B．Thelackofadvancedtechnologyforseabedmapping.C．Thedeclineinglobalscientificcooperation.D．Thepersistenceofexploitationtools.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“animperialisticdesire”mostlikelyreferto?

A．Ascientificcuriosityaboutunknownmarinelife.B．Apoliticalstrategytoclaimoceanicterritories.C．Adrivetodiscoverandcontrolresourcesforpower.D．AculturalpreferenceforEuropean-ledresearch.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraphs5and6ofthepassage?

A．Oceanresearchinthefutureshouldprioritizeconservationandsustainableuse.B．Thereisacontinuedrelianceontraditionalapproachestooceanexploration.C．Scientistsareincreasinglysupportingtheindustrialexploitationofoceanresources.D．Resourceextractionisjustifiedifitleadstoadvancementsinscientificknowledge.WhyMondayIstheMostMisunderstoodDayWhentheBoomtownRats,anIrishband,released“Don’tLikeMondays”in1979,thesongbecameaninstanthit.TheinspirationbehinditwastheClevelandelementarySchoolshootinginSanDiegothatyear.The16-year-oldshooterlisted“notlikingMondays”ashermainreasonforfiring36shots,killingtwoadultsandhurtingeightchildrenandapoliceofficer.Thisisnot,though,whythesongresonatedwithmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.16.WhatmanydorecognizealltoowellisthedifficultyofcollectingtheenergytogetoutofbedonMondaymorningsinordertofacetheweekahead.Manybossesarguethatstartingofftheweekinpersonintheofficecreatesgoodenergy.Theythinkthattheinitialmeetingintheofficecanboostmoraleandencourageteamwork,whichisessentialforaproductiveworkenvironment.17Apaperpublishedin2021bytheJournalofAppliedPsychologyprovidessomeinsightintothisdebate.Thestudyfoundthatpeopletendtobemoreill-manneredonMondays,possiblyduetothetransitionfromarelaxedweekendtoabusyworkschedule.18Anotherpaperfrom2015byYunTaeHwangandAmyKangpublishedintheMedicalJournalofAustraliagoessofarastodiagnoseanewcondition,Mondayitis.19.Thesesymptomstypicallyappearonthefirstworkingdayafteraperiodoffwork,whichcouldbeaweekendoralongerholiday.Theycanleadsuffererstocallinsick,decidetoworkfromhomeor,iftheydoshowupintheoffice,comeacrossasindifferentandunavailable.Somuchforgoodenergy.20SomeAmericansnowcomplainof“Sundayscaries”,whenpre-Mondayfearsetsinastheweekenddrawstoaclose.Bothconditionscanbeworsenedbyaweekendhangover(宿醉),anapproachingdeadlineorpainfulmemories.TheyarelikelytobeparticularlysevereamongthenearlyhalfofAmericanworkerswho,accordingtoasurveyfrom2022conductedbyUKG,anHR-softwarecompany,hatetheirjobs.

A．Mostofthemareprobablyunawareofitstragicorigins.B．TheybecomemorepoliteandfocusedastheweekunfoldsC．TheconditionisnotjustimaginarybuthasrealphysicaleffectsD．Mondayitisappearstobecontagious,infectingotherdaysoftheweek.E．SuchbehaviormayreflectanaturaladjustmentperiodaftertheweekendF．Whilethisapproachisfavoredbysome,plentyofemployeesbegtodiffer.G．Itisdefinedas“asystemicillnesswithsymptomsincludingexhaustion,irritationordizziness”.二、完形填空Thiswasn’tthewayIwantedtoseeRome.Sure,itfelt________tospendChristmasthereandstandinaweofthecity’sattractions.Butlifewasn’tmeanttoturnoutlikethis.IwassupposedtogotoRomewithmymombackin2012.However,lifehaddifferent________.Aweekbeforeourtrip,Igotastomachinfection,aconditionthatrequiredaweekof________.What’sworse,mymom________acough,whichlaterprovedastage-fourcancer.Mymomspentthefinalmonthsofherlife________theterriblediseasethoughitwasalosing________.Aftershepassedaway,I________atriptoRome.And________,younevergetusedtoaworldthatMomisn’tapartof.Youjustdealwithitbecauseyoudon’treallyhavea________.Ispenttwoweeksdoingallthethingswehadwantedtodo.Maybeshewasn’tphysicallythere,butI________herpresenceeveryminute.Herpresencealso________methatlifeisn’taboutthethingswebuyorthemoneythatwehave.It’saboutmaking________withthepeoplewelove.Theyneverreally________ussincetheyareconstantlyinfluencingourlivesin________ways.AftermytriptoRome,I________knewthatmymomwouldalwaysbetherebecauseshehadforeverchangedmylifeinthebestpossibleway.21.A．surprisingB．pleasantC．embarrassingD．strange22.A．stylesB．solutionsC．plansD．excuses23.A．researchB．treatmentC．trainingD．waiting24.A．heardB．heldbackC．pickedupD．forced25.A．examiningB．fightingC．studyingD．controlling26.A．battleB．strategyC．causeD．contest27.A．missedB．sponsoredC．arrangedD．rejected28.A．strangelyB．fortunatelyC．honestlyD．interestingly29.A．choiceB．budgetC．destinationD．guide30.A．regrettedB．doubtedC．sensedD．remembered31.A．warnedB．promisedC．informedD．reminded32.A．decisionsB．effortsC．memoriesD．changes33.A．interruptB．leaveC．understandD．desert34.A．practicalB．positiveC．flexibleD．normal35.A．hardlyB．probablyC．eventuallyD．partly三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inourfast-pacedmodernworld,thepursuitofhealthismorethanatrend;it’sanecessity.Whilethebenefitsofphysicalactivityarewidelyacknowledged,fewpeopleexploretheprofoundphilosophicalquestionof36truewell-beinglies.Doesitinvolveadeeperstateofharmony?Regularexercisebooststhe37(promote)ofbothphysicalandmentalhealth.However,animbalancecanleadtotheopposite.Overtraining,forinstance,notonlycausesfatiguebutmayalsoresultinthedestructionofmuscletissueandimmunefunction.Itremindsusthatevenpositivethingsmustbeapproachedwithwisdom.TheancientGreeksunderstoodthisbalancewell.Forthem,physicalfitnesswasinseparablefrommentalexcellence.Thisidealfindsits38(exist)intheOlympicGames,39originallycelebratedtheall-arounddevelopmentofindividuals.Today,wemightsaythatahealthylifestyleconsistsofactivitiesthatchallengeourbodieswhilealsonurturingourminds,40(represent)amodernpursuitofthatancientbalance.Consideroutdooractivities.Ahiker41(bite)byasnakemightpanic,butknowledgeandcalmnesscanturnthesituationaround.Thismetaphor42(apply)toourdailyhealthchoices:dangersexist,butpreparednessmakesallthedifference.Thekeyisconsistent,moderateeffortratherthanoccasional,intensepushes.43weoftenoverlookisthe“why”behindouractions.Areweexercisingoutofself-love44outoffear?Theanswershapesourlong-termcommitment.Ultimately,sustainablehealthisnot45destinationbutacontinuousjourneyoflisteningtoourbodiesandrespectingtheirlimits.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华，你的外国朋友John计划来中国旅游，但又担心会因为文化差异闹笑话。请你给他写一封邮件：1.介绍一项中国特殊的文化习俗（可涉及风俗习惯、社交礼仪、日常交往等）；2.针对他的担心给出你的建议。注意：1.写作词数80词左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJohn,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WishingyouanamazingjourneyinChina.Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Eighthgrademeantanewclassroomandanewteacher,butIbarelynoticedthechange.AsfarasIwasconcerned,aclassroomwasaclassroom.Ilongedtobeoutside,wanderingthehillsofTennesseewhereIgrewup.Myteachersdidn’tappreciatehiddencaves,runningcreeks(小溪)andwildbearsanymorethanIappreciatedmaths,historyandgoodhandwriting.Myreportcardsalwaysincludednoteslike“Douglasneedstoapplyhimselfinsteadoflookingoutofthewindow.”Myparentstriedtheirbestwithme,butschoolhadn’tbeenabigpartoftheirliveseither.“He’llgrowoutofit,”Daddysaidwhenyetanotherteacherhadconcernsaboutmebeingtoomuchofadreamer.Theroughland,thewildlife,andtheadventurehadmoreformetodreamaboutwhileIwaschained(束缚)tomyeighth-gradedesk.Itseemedthereweretwokindsofpeopleintheworld:thosewhobelongedintheclassroomandthosewhobelongedinthemountai