2026届四川省攀枝花市高三上学期第一次统一考试英语试卷

2026届四川省攀枝花市高三上学期第一次统一考试英语试卷一、阅读理解FourFamousFemalesLiseMeitnerLiseMeitneristheonlywomantohaveanelementnamedinherhonor-theelementcalledmeitnerium(Mt).ShewasthefirstphysicsprofessorinGermanyandthefirstscientisttoincludetheterm“nuclearfission(裂变)”inapublishedpaper.Duringhercareer,shediscoveredwhatcausestheAugerEffect,explainedhownuclearfissionworks,andrevealedtheelementprotactinium(Pa).GraceHopperGraceHopperwasknownforherpioneeringworkinthedevelopmentofcomputerprogramminglanguages.ShebeganhercareerincomputingandworkedontheHarvardMark1computerprogram.Later,shecreatedthefirstprogramthattranslatedcodeintomachinelanguage,andalsodevelopedtheCOBOLprogramminglanguage.TanYunxianTanYunxianwasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.Chinesewomenatthetimecouldnotserveapprenticeships(学徒期)withdoctors.However,Tanpassedtheofficialexam.Tantreatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.In1511,Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.CeciliaPayne-GaposchkinWhenCeciliaPayne-GaposchkinbecamethefirstwomantoreceiveaPhDfromHarvardUniversity,nooneknewhowmuchherdoctoralpaperwouldchangetheworldofscience.Herconclusionthatstarsarecomposedmainlyofhydrogenandheliumcompletelydifferedfromthemaintheoryofthetime,andsomeoftheday’sleadingscientistsopenlyquestionedherfindings.Itwouldtakemorethanadecadeforanotherscientisttoreachthesameconclusion.1.WhatwasLiseMeitnerhonoredfor?

A．Shecuredmanysickwomen.B．ShereceivedaPhDfromHarvard.C．Shemadegreatcontributionstoscience.D．Shecreatedthefirstcomputerlanguage.2.WheredidTanYunxianacquirehermedicalskills?

A．Fromherrelatives.B．Fromallwalksoflife.C．Fromotherdoctors.D．Fromamedicaluniversity.3.Whosefindingaboutthecompositionofstarswasdifferentfromotherscientists?

A．LiseMeitner’s.B．GraceHopper’s.C．TanYunxian’s.D．CeciliaPayne-Gaposchkin’s.WhenCraigMillermovedtotheCatskillMountainsinNewYorkafterretirement,thejournalistwantedtogetawayfromtrafficjamsandenjoyaquieterpaceoflife.Yet,oneyearintohisstay,hebecamehistown’snewestvolunteerfirefighter.Drivingaroundtownandnoticingrecruitmentsigns,hedecidedtodigfurther.“Speakingtofirechiefs,Irealizedtheyareincrisissinceruralareascan’tgetyoungpeopletojoin,”hesays.“Thechiefwastryingtopersuademetojoin,sayingthatitdidn’tmatteraboutmyage.”Millersignedupasherealizedthatvolunteeringwouldbeagoodwaytointegrateintothecommunity.“Thetrainingownedmylifeforthreemonths,withnightclassesandSaturdaysessionscoveringeverythingfromoperatingapumppaneltothrowingladders,”hesays.“Westartedeverysessionwitha‘donningdrill’,racingtoput18kilogramsofequipmentoninlessthanaminute.WesometimeshadtodoitfourorfivetimesandIwasmovingunsteadilybytheend.Itimmediatelyimprovedmyfitness.”Averaging60calloutsayear,Millerhasexperiencedhishair-raisingmoments.“I’vebeenoncarfiresandwildfireswhicharestubbornanddifficult.Carscanalsogiveoffpoisonoussmokewhentheyaremelting,”hesays.“Theworstfeelingiswhenyoureceivefirealarmnoticefrommypager(传呼机),showupandyou’retheonlyoneatthestation.ThathappenedoncewhenIwasearlyintomytraininganditwasterrifyingthinkingIwouldhavetoleadthecallout.”Thegreatestimpacthascomefromhelpingpeopleduringsomeoftheworstmomentsoftheirlives.“It’smassivelyrewardingtoputyourselfoutthereforstrangersandtheyaresogratefulforus,too,”hesays.Despiteinitiallythinkinghewouldstopvolunteeringat70,Millerisnowcommittedtocarryingon.“Oneoftheessentialthingsinlifeistofeelthatyoureffortshavemeaningandthatyouaremakingadifference.I’llkeepgoingaslongasIhavetheability.Itgetsinyourblood,”hesays.4.WhydidMillerserveasavolunteerfirefighter?

A．Tobecomepartofthelocalcommunity.B．Toescapefromtrafficjamsinthecity.C．Toreceivetrainingandimprovehisfitness.D．Toexperienceanexcitingandrewardingjob.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A．Theroutineoffirefighters.B．Thefirefightingtraining.C．Thewayhowheimprovedhisfitness.D．Theintroductionoftheirequipment.6.WhatmadeMillerfeelworst?

A．Burningcarsgaveoffpoisonoussmoke.B．Thedonningdrillsweretoohardforhim.C．Carfiresandwildfiresaredifficulttoputout.D．Hehadtodealwithemergenciesalone.7.WhatmotivatesMillertocontinuevolunteering?

A．Earningextraincome.B．Strangers’gratefulthankstothem.C．Findingapurposeinhislife.D．Obtainingwaystobecomehealthy.ResearcherRujiaHusaidwildlifehabitatincrowdedplaceslikesouthOhioisbecomingincreasinglyfragmented(碎片化的)asforestsgivewaytonewconstruction.Eventually,thiscouldmaketroubletoanimalslikeOhiopileatedwoodpecker.Pileatedwoodpeckershavethenicknamecarpenterbirdsfortheirnever-endingnaturalwoodworking.Theypeckoutholesintreesfortheirnestseveryyear,creatinglotsofvaluablehomesforanimalslikefoxes,squirrelsandowls.“Theymakenewnestseveryyear.Theywon’treuseoldones,”Husaid.“Otheranimalsdependonthem.”Pileatedwoodpeckersareprivatebirdsthataremoreoftenheardthanseen.Studyingthemcanbeespeciallydifficult.SoHuturnedtocitizenscienceforhelp.Toidentifywherewoodpeckershavebeenseen,sheusedeightyearsofsightingscollectedbybirdersandloggedintothewebsiteeBird,afreeonlinetoolandappthatanyonecanusetorecordtheirobservationsandlocations.Sheoverlaidthesesightingswithremotesensing(遥感)dataandfoundthatcorridorsalongriverswithabundantmaturetreesanddeadwoodhelpedthebirdsadjusttotheirincreasinglyfragmentedurbanlandscape.“Withfragmentedforests,manyhabitatsthatwereoncesuitableforwildlifearebrokenup,”Husaid.“Wildlifeisunabletofindhabitatbigenoughtomeettheirsurvivalneeds.Andeveniftherearesuitablehabitats,thedistancebetweenthemcanbetoogreat.Wildlifecorridorslinkupthesesmallhabitatareas.Sincewildlifecantravelandmigratefromoneareatoanother,theprobabilityoffindingfoodandshelterishigher.”“Therearesomanyspeciesinurbanareasthatwedon’tpayattentionto,especiallywhenthey’renotconsideredendangered,”Husaid.“Withdevelopmentgraduallydestroyingmoreforestinthiscrowdedcounty,thetippingpoint(临界点)couldcomequicklyandunexpectedly.Youcan’tfixitovernight.It’snotjustaboutplantingmoretrees.Thebirdsneedmatureforest,soitcouldtake30to50yearstoreplacetheirhabitat.Atleastwecanprotecttheseriversideforestcorridorsandseethatexistingtreesreachmaturity.”8.Whydopileatedwoodpeckershavethenicknamecarpenterbirds?

A．Theymaketreeholesfornewhomesyearafteryear.B．Theycreatevaluablehomesforotheranimals.C．Theyareoftenheardbutnotseenbypeople.D．Theyaregoodatmakingwoodconstruction.9.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?

A．TheeffectofHu’sresearch.B．TheprocessofHu’sresearch.C．ThehardshipofHu’sresearch.D．Theapplicationoftechnology.10.Whatroledowildlifecorridorsplayforbirds?

A．Ensuringthemastableandsafehabitat.B．Makingthemadjusttodeadwoodquickly.C．Providingthemwithenoughfoodforsurvival.D．Helpingthemsurviveinthefragmentedlandscape.11.WhatdoesHuimplyinthelastparagraph?

A．Killtwobirdswithonestone.B．Bewiseaftertheevent.C．Prepareforarainyday.D．Thinktwicebeforeyouact.Inanagedominatedbysmartphones,researchersarediscoveringgradualcognitive(认知的)decreaselinkedtoover-dependenceondigitaltools.Forinstance,a2023CambridgeUniversitystudyfoundthatfrequentusersofnavigation(导航)appshadtheabilitytorememberlocationsweakenedby23%comparedtothosewhousedtraditionalmaps.Medicalscansshowedlessactivityinthehippocampus(海马体)ofGPS-dependentindividualswhenrecallingroutes,whilethoseusingtraditionalnavigationmethodshadstrongerneural(神经的)connectionsinmemory-relatedbrainareas.Thecognitiveeffectsgobeyondnavigation.ATokyoUniversityexperimentrevealedthatlanguagelearnersusingappswithautomatictranslationfeaturesscored15%lowerinnaturalsentenceconstructionteststhanthosewholearnedfromtextbooks.CognitivescientistDr.EleanorRichardsofOxfordexplains,“Ourbrainsadapttotechnologicalshortcutsbyweakeningunderusedneuralpathways-similartohowmusclesatrophy(萎缩)withoutexercise.”Thisrealizationhasledtocounter-trendsinbotheducationandbusiness.In2022,GermansoftwarecompanyTechSphereGmbHstarted“AnalogFridays”,requiringemployeesnottousedigitaltoolsbutpapernotebookseveryFriday.Afterthepolicy,surveysfoundthatmeetingattendancewentupby19%,andemployeesreported27%lessmentaltiredness.CEOMarkusWebersays,“Wedon’thatetechnology.Butchoosingtodisconnectonpurposehelpsusgetbackourthinkingability.”Industryreportsshowthatby2023,12%ofnewcompaniesinSiliconValleyhadsimilarrules.Educationalreformsreflectthischange.TheUniversityofAmsterdamnowrequiresfirst-yearstudentstotakehandwrittenlecturenotes,withthesestudentsscoring14%higheronexamsthanthosewhousedlaptops.Stationery(文具)brandMoleskinehasseena40%increaseinplanningnotebooksalessince2021,with35%ofbuyersbeingtechworkerswhowanttobeproductivewithoutusingscreens.Neuroscientistssayweneedbalancedways.Dr.Richardssuggests“cognitivezoning”:usingdigitaltoolstostoredata,andkeeptraditionalmethodsforimportantthinkingtasks.AsAIisusedmore,thekeyisnottorefusetechnology,buttocreatemixedsystemsthatprotectourbasichumanthinkingabilities.12.WhatdidtheCambridgeUniversitystudyfindaboutfrequentusersofnavigationapps?

A．Enhancedmemorystorage.B．Strongerneuralconnections.C．Improvedrouteplanningspeed.D．Decreasedactivityofhippocampus.13.Theunderlinedterm“counter-trends”inParagraph3referstoactionsthat________.

A．promotetheuseofdigitaltoolsB．studytheimpactofappsonlearningC．criticizethelimitationsoftechnologyD．reducescreentimeforcognitivebenefits14.WhatisDr.Richards’suggestioninthelastparagraph?

A．Completelystoppingtheuseofdigitaltools.B．Makingdigitalstoragefasterandmoreeffective.C．Separatingtasksandusingdifferentmethodsinturn.D．ControllinghowquicklyAIiscombinedwithourwork.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsdigitaltools?

A．Ambiguous.B．Supportive.C．Objective.D．Disapproving.Effectivecommunicationistheprocessofexpressingyourthoughtsandideaswhilelisteningtotheopinionsofothers.Thenhowtocommunicateeffectively?Organizeyourthoughtsbeforespeaking.Beforeyouattempttocommunicateideas,organizeyourthoughtsusingkeypoints.16Thatway,ifyougoofftopic,youcaneasilycomebacktoyourmainpointswithoutgettingupset.17Ifyou’regivingapresentation,considerthelisteners’interests,differences,andlevelsofknowledgeonthetopicyou’respeakingon.Forinstance,ifyou’relecturingacollege-levelBiologycourse,studentsshouldhaveagoodgraspofevolutionandcelltheory.Similarly,ifyou’relecturingstudents,youmaywanttochoosevisualaidstocatchtheirattention.Beclearwhenspeaking.Beclearaboutyourgoalsoyourmessagecomesacrossinawaythateverylistenercanunderstand.18Youwanttospeakatavolumelevelthatisguaranteedtobeheard.Itmaybehelpfultoremembertobeclear,brief,consistent(一致),connected,andconfidentwhilecommunicatingwithothers.Maintaineyecontact.Eyecontactbuildsharmony,helpsconvinceothersyou’retrustworthyandshowsinterest.Duringaconversationorpresentation,maintaineyecontactforaslongasitfeelsnatural.Generally,you’llwanttoaimfor2to4secondsatatime.19Ifyou’readdressingaboardroom(董事会),lookeachmemberintheeye.Ignoringanysinglepersoncaneasilybetakenasasignofdisrespect.Practiseactivelisteningskills.20Byactivelylistening,youcanjudgehowmuchofyourmessageisgettingthroughyourlistenersandwhetherornotit’sbeingreceivedcorrectly.Ifyouraudiencedoesn’tfullygetwhatyoumean,askingfortheiropinionsisoftenhelpful.

A．Keepyouraudienceinmind.B．Communicationisatwo-waystreet.C．Understandyouraudience’sspecificneeds.D．Thishelpsindividualsfeelpersonallyvalued.E．Besuretoexpressclearlytoavoidanykindofmisunderstanding.F．Agoodruleistochoosethreekeypointstocenteryourconversationaround.G．Commonsignssomeoneisn’tlisteningtoyouincludelookingboredandsilence.二、完形填空OnafreezingwinternightinMinnesota,heavysnowblanketedtheroads.NormallyIwouldn’t_______inthatkindofweather,butIhadbeenataTupperwarepartyallevening,andIwassoexhausted.Thedesiretobeinthe_______ofmyownhome_______myreasonablejudgment.IwasonlyontheroadforaminutebeforeIregrettedmydecisionnottostayput.Thewindingcountryroadwasnearly_______,andmycar’sheadlightscouldbarelycut_______theheavyfog.AsI_______forward,myheadlightssuddenlyrevealedasmall_______,rightatthefarthestpointtheycouldreach.Ibraked(刹车)hard,frightened,andgotoutto_______.Thelittlecreaturewascaughtinatrap,itseyeswidewith_______.Despitethebitingcold,Ikneltdownandworkedto________it,mynumbfingerstryinghardwiththetrap.Itstopped________,staringatmewithamixoffearandhope.JustasIreleasedthelovelycreature,a________roaredloudlypast—itsdarkshapewithfaintlightwasbrieflyvisiblebeforedisappearingintotheheavyfog,leavingonlythelongsteambehind.MyheartbeathardandquicklyasIrealized:ifIhadnotstopped,mycarwouldhavebeenonthehiddentracksandgot________bythespeedytrain.Theactofsavingthetrappedrabbithad________savedmylife.AsIdrovehome,thesnowlightened,andaquietsmilecrossedmyface.Thisencounterbecameaconstantreminderthatinaworldwithuncertainties,kindnesshasitsown________.21.A．walkB．driveC．travelD．work22.A．comfortB．supportC．companyD．convenience23.A．formedB．confirmedC．defeatedD．helped24.A．emptyB．invisibleC．abandonedD．muddy25.A．throughB．offC．inD．down26.A．rushedB．steppedC．walkedD．inched27.A．foxB．rabbitC．deerD．wolf28.A．rescueB．exploreC．checkD．catch29.A．tearsB．joyC．fearD．thanks30.A．comfortB．holdC．touchD．free31.A．strugglingB．cryingC．breathingD．bleeding32.A．trainB．truckC．passengerD．fierceanimal33.A．heldbackB．knockedoffC．pickedupD．runover34.A．naturallyB．obviouslyC．hopefullyD．unintentionally35.A．purposeB．impactC．rewardD．principle三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenCavazzuti,anItalianstudent,firstsawChinaonamapinhisteenageyears,hewasfilledwith36(curious).HelearnedthatChinesewastaughtatauniversityinVeniceandtraveledtothecitytoinvestigate.Nevertheless,therewaslittleintroductiontotheprogram.Somepeopletriedtopersuadehimnottolearnthelanguage,37theyoungCavazzutidisobeyed.“Themoretheydiscouragedme,themoreIthoughtitwasworthdoing,”herecalled.Afterjoiningtheprogram,Cavazzutigottheopportunity38(learn)theChineselanguageatNanjingUniversityin1981.Thenextyear,he39(offer)ascholarshiptostudycontemporaryChineseliteratureatFudanUniversity.Between1981and1984,CavazzutitookpicturesoflocalsacrossChina.40(Image)ofworkers,farmers,hairdressersandkidswerecapturedbyhislenses.Cavazzutidisplayedhis41(amaze)photosatanexhibitioninBeijingin1993.And18yearslater,hisfirstChinesephotographiccollectionAtEase42(come)out,showcasingsomeofhisblackandwhitephotos43(take)between1981and1984.“Thephotographiccollectionrecordedabygoneera,44infactwassignificanttoChinesepeople,”commentedZhiAn,aChinesewriter.“CavazzutiwasinterestedinminutechangesinChinesesociety,andfocused45ordinarypeople’sminorbuthappymoments,whichmayhavebeenusuallyignoredbyotherphotographers.”四、书信写作46.假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部发起了主题为“学会发现自己的闪光点”的征文比赛。请根据以下提示，以“MyShiningPoints”为题写一篇短文参赛。(1)你的至少两个闪光点(能力、特长、性格、品质等);(2)发现自己的闪光点后给你带来的变化。注意:(1)写作词数应为80左右;(2)短文标题和开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。MyShiningPointsEveryonehastheirownshiningpoints.Itisimportanttofindthemout.Asforme,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。JimmyandTommy,goodfriendsandadventurefans,decidedtoexploreanunknownforesttheyhadheardoffromlocaloldtales.Afterweeksofplanningandgatheringsupplies,theysetoff,excitedyetslightlynervous.Astheyenteredtheforest,theywerestruckbyitsbreathtakingbeauty.Birdschirped,andleavesrustledinthegentlewind.Theywalkedalonganarrowpath,amazedatthecolorfulflowersandoccasionalsmallanimalsrunningquicklythroughthebushes.Deeperintheforest,theymetanelderlyhunterwithaweather-beatenface.Heheldarifleguninhishands,aknifeandarollofropeshangingonhiswaist,andabackpackonhisback.Helookedatthemwithconcern.“Youngmen,”heasked,“whereareyouheaded?”“We’reexploringthisforest,”Jimmyrepliedexcitedly.“We’veheardsomanystoriesaboutit.”Thehunternoddedslowly.“It’sbeautiful,butalsodangerous.Therearehiddendangersandanimalsthatcanharmyou.You’dbetterturnbackwhileyoustillcan.”Afterwalkingseveralsteps,heturnedaroundandadded,“Bytheway,youcangotomycottagenearbyifyouneedanyhelp.”ButJimmyandTommyweretooexcitedtofollowt