教学课件-新编MBA英语综合教程

Unit

OneGlobalizationLead-inA.Readthefollowingpassageforinformationaboutcross-culturalcommunication,payingattentiontothewordsandexpressionsinbold.

▶Theglobalcoordinationofproductionactivitieshasbeenbroadlycharacterizedbythreeprocesses:offshoring,outsourcingandoriginalequipmentmanufacturer(OEM).Offshoringoccurswhenfirmsmoveproductionfacilitiestoforeigncountriesinordertoreduceproductioncostswhilemaintainingdirectcontrol.Vernon’s(1966)productlifecycletheoryexplainedwhymanufacturinglocationsforparticularproductsshiftfromindustrialeconomiestodevelopingcountries.TheneedforlowerproductioncostsdrivesMultinationalCorporationstodevelopmass-productionsystemsandseekoutnewfactorylocationsindevelopingcountrieswherewageratesarelower.Outsourcingisoftenusedinterchangeablywithsubcontracting.Outsourcingreferstofirmsexternalizingproductionorservicesthatusedtobeconductedin-house,whereassubcontractingtakesplaceinahierarchicalorganizationinwhichcertaintasksareconductedbyoutsidefirms.offshoring n.离岸外包outsourcing n.外包originalequipmentmanufacturer原始设备制造商productlifecycletheory 产品生命周期理论MultinationalCorporations 跨国公司mass-production 大批量生产seekout 找出subcontracting n.转包externalize v.使……外部化in-house 内部hierarchicalorganization 等级结构Whileoutsourcingistypicallyconductedsoafirmcanfocusonits“corecompetence”,subcontractingcanbecomplexandisdrivenbytheneedforspecialtypartsorservices,adesiretoachievecostsavingsthrougheconomiesofscopeinthesubcontractedfirms,and/oranintermittentorseasonalneedtoboosttheprincipalfirm’sproductioncapacity.Incontrasttooffshoring,whichrequiresmoredirectcapital,managerialinvestment,internationaloutsourcing/subcontractingcanincreasetheflexibilityofMultinationalCorporationsbyexternalizingsomeofthecostsandrisksassociatedwithfactorymanagement.OEMreferstomanufacturerswithagreementstoproducegoodstobemarketedbyotherbrandeddistributorsorretailers.OEMprovidesrelativelyunknownmanufacturersaccesstonewmarketsandmayevenofferopportunitiesfortechnologicalupgrading,theprocessofimprovingproductquality,productionefficiencyand/orthefirm’sfunctionalcapacitythroughtiestobuyersininternationalmarket.specialty n.专长economiesofscope 范围经济principal a.主要的productioncapacity 生产力flexibility n.灵活性manufacturer n.制造商market v.销售brandeddistributors 品牌经销商retailer n.零售商technologicalupgrading 技术升级functionalcapacity 功能能力B.Trytoanswerthefollowingquestionsaboutglobalcoordinationofproductionactivities.1.Whatarethethreecomponentsofglobalcoordinationofproductionactivities?2.Whatis“offshoring”?Key:Thethreecomponentsofglobalcoordinationofproductionactivitiesare:offshoring,outsourcingandoriginalequipmentmanufacturer(OEM).Key:Offshoringoccurswhenfirmsmoveproductionfacilitiestoforeigncountriesinordertoreduceproductioncostswhilemaintainingdirectcontrol.3.Whatis“outsourcing”?

4.Whatisthedifferencebetweenoffshoringandanoutsourcing?

5.WhatisOEM?Key:Outsourcingreferstofirmsexternalizingproductionorservicesthatusedtobeconductedin-house,whereassubcontractingtakesplaceinahierarchicalorganizationinwhichcertaintasksareconductedbyoutsidefirms.Key:Offshoringrequiresmoredirectcapital,managerialinvestment,international,butoutsourcingincreasestheflexibilityofMultinationalCorporationsbyexternalizingsomeofthecostsandrisksassociatedwithfactorymanagement.Key:OEMreferstomanufacturerswithagreementstoproducegoodstobemarketedbyotherbrandeddistributorsorretailers.

INTENSIVEREADING

AnOverviewofGlobalizationandItsPositiveandNegativeAspectsColinStiefStart-upquestion“Globalization”isthesortofwordwhereeveryoneisexpectedtoknowwhatitmeans,butwherefewpeoplecouldofferacleardefinition.Itisacontroversialissueforbusinessandgovernmentsthroughouttheworld.

Inyouropinion,isitagoodthing?Paragraph1Ifyoulookatthetagonyourshirt,chancesareyouwouldseethatitwasmadeinacountryotherthantheoneinwhichyousitrightnow.What’smore,beforeitreachedyourwardrobe,thisshirtcouldhaveverywellbeenmadewithChinesecottonsewedbyThaihands,shippedacrossthePacificonaFrenchfreightercrewedbySpaniardstoaLosAngelesharbor.Thisinternationalexchangeisjustoneexampleofglobalization,aprocessthathaseverythingtodowithgeography.Completethefollowingsentenceswithonefunctionword.Thisinternationalexchangeisjustoneexampleofglobalization,aprocessthathaseverythingtodo______geography.key:withParagraph2GlobalizationandItsCharacteristicsGlobalizationistheprocessofincreasedinterconnectednessamongcountriesmostnotablyintheareasofeconomics,politics,andculture.McDonald’sinJapan,FrenchfilmsbeingplayedinMinneapolis,andtheUnitedNations,areallrepresentationsofglobalization.Theideaofglobalizationmaybesimplifiedbyidentifyingseveralkeycharacteristics:interconnectedness[ɪntəkəˑnektɪdnɪs]n.相互联系Ourgrowing,globalinterconnectednessviatheinternetisagreatopportunity,bothforcorporations,theiremployeesandthepublic.通过互联网发展起来的全球性相互联系，对公司及其员工和民众都是很好的机会。notably[ˑnəʊtəblɪ]adv.尤其Someregionsoftheworldhavedoneextremelywellfromglobalization-notablyEastAsiaandChina.世界范围内，一些地区从全球化受益匪浅—尤其是东亚和中国。TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.全球化是一个增加国家间相互联系的过程，尤其是在经济、政治和文化领域。Key：Globalizationistheprocessofincreasedinterconnectednessamongcountriesmostnotablyintheareasofeconomics,politics,andculture.Paragraph3ImprovedTechnologyinTransportationandTelecommunicationsWhatmakestherestofthislistpossibleistheever-increasingcapacityforandefficiencyofhowpeopleandthingsmoveandcommunicate.Inyearspast,peopleacrosstheglobedidnothavetheabilitytocommunicateandcouldnotinteractwithoutdifficulty.Nowadays,aphone,instantmessage,fax,orvideoconferencecallcaneasilybeusedtoconnectpeople.Additionally,anyonewiththefundscanbookaplaneflightandshowuphalfwayacrosstheworldinamatterofhours.Inshort,the"frictionofdistance"islessened,andtheworldbeginstometaphoricallyshrink.capacity[kəˑpæsɪtɪ]n.能力Aresort

ofthisscalewouldhaveacapacitylikethatofDisneyWorld,whichattractsabout45millionvisitorsayear.像迪士尼世界一样，这种规模的公园应有吸引年4500万游客的能力。lessen[ˑles(ə)n]v.减少；减轻Anotherfindinginthereportshowsthateatingoliveoilmightactuallylessentheriskofdepression.报告中的另一个发现表明，摄入橄榄油可能减少情绪抑郁的风险。metaphorically[metəˑfɔrɪkəlɪ]adv.隐喻地；用比喻

It

is

context

and

convention

thatdeterminewhether

a

term

willbe

interpreted

literally

ormetaphorically.对一个词的理解是按字面意思还是隐喻的意思要视乎上下文和习惯。shrink[ʃrɪŋk]v.收缩Japanexpectsitsworkforceto

shrink

by16%overthenext25years.日本预计，在今后的25年，国内的劳动力将会缩减16%。Completethefollowingsentenceswithonefunctionword.Additionally,anyonewiththefundscanbookaplaneflightandshowuphalfwayacrosstheworld______amatterofhours.

Inyearspast,peopleacrosstheglobedidnothavetheabilitytocommunicateandcouldnotinteract______difficulty.key:inkey:withoutParagraph4MovementofPeopleandCapitalAgeneralincreaseinawareness,opportunity,andtransportationtechnologyhasallowedforpeopletomoveabouttheworldinsearchofanewhome,anewjob,ortofleeaplaceofdanger.Mostmigrationtakesplacewithinorbetweendevelopingcountries,possiblybecauselowerstandardsoflivingandlowerwagespushindividualstoplaceswithagreaterchanceforeconomicsuccess.Additionally,capital(money)isbeingmovedgloballywiththeeaseofelectronictransferenceandariseinperceivedinvestmentopportunities.Developingcountriesareapopularplaceforinvestorstoplacetheircapitalbecauseoftheenormousroomforgrowth.ease[ɪːz]n.容易

Withthe

ease

of

afew

tapson

a

touchscreen,

iPhone

users

willnow

beableto

searchmorethan200

travel

sites

for

rates

and

availability

forflights

and

hotels

from

anywhere

inthe

world.

iPhone用户只需轻松地在触摸屏上点击几次，就能够搜索200多家旅游网站，查找全世界任意地方的机票和酒店客房的价格和供应情况。flee[flɪː]v.逃跑，逃走Refugees

continue

to

flee

thefighting

to

nearbycamps

as

well

astoneighboring

countries.

一些流亡者也继续为了逃离战争而跑到了周边国家。migration[maɪˑgreɪʃ(ə)n]n.迁移MorethanhalftheriseinthepopulationofEnglandandWaleswasdueto

migration.

英格兰和威尔士一半以的上人口增长都是移民造成的。perceived[pəˑsɪːvd]a.感知到的Theperceivedvalueofactivedefensehastobeweighedagainsttheriskandcost.主动防御的感知价值必须与风险和成本相权衡。transference[ˑtrænsf(ə)r(ə)ns]n.转移Recessionsreflectthemarkettransferenceofscarceresourcesfromthetraditionalproductionintoanewparadigmsatisfyingthedemandsofthefuture.经济衰退反映了市场上稀缺资源的转移，从传统的生产转入一个满足未来需求的新模式。Completethefollowingsentences

byfillingeachofthemarkedblankswithoneortwocontentwordsusingChineseequivalentsinthebracketsasthereference.Most___a___（迁移）takesplacewithinorbetweendevelopingcountries,possiblybecauselowerstandardsoflivingand___b___（低工资）pushindividualstoplaceswithagreaterchanceforeconomicsuccess.key:a.migrationb.lowerwagesCompletethefollowingsentenceswithonefunctionword.Capitalisbeingmovedglobally______theeaseofelectronictransferenceandariseinperceivedinvestmentopportunities.

key:withCompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChinesegiveninthebrackets.Ageneralincreaseinawareness,opportunity,andtransportationtechnologyhasallowedforpeopletomoveabouttheworld______(寻找一个新家园、一份新工作或是逃离一个危险的地方).key:insearchofanewhome,anewjob,ortofleeaplaceofdangerParagraph5DiffusionofKnowledgeTheword“diffusion”simplymeanstospreadout,andthatisexactlywhatanynewfoundknowledgedoes.Whenanewinventionorwayofdoingsomethingpopsup,itdoesnotstaysecretforlong.AgoodexampleofthisistheappearanceofautomotivefarmingmachinesinSoutheastAsia,anarealonghometomanualagriculturallabor.diffusion[dɪˑfjuːʒ(ə)n]n.扩散，传播The

invention

of

printing

helped

the

diffusion

of

learning.

印刷术的发明有助于知识的传播。popup

突然出现Yousolvedoneproblemandanotherwouldimmediatelypopup.你解决完一个问题，另一个问题又会马上冒出来。manual[ˑmænjʊ(ə)l]a.体力的；手工的Fromthe

mid-20th

century,afterall,

America

seemedto

find

a

way

for

manualworkerswithonly

ahigh-school

education

to

enjoy

a

middle-class

lifestyle.

自20世纪中叶以来，美国最终似乎找到了一种途径可以使得那些只有高中文化水平的体力劳动者享受中产阶级的生活方式。Completethefollowingsentenceswithonefunctionword.Whenanewinventionorwayofdoingsomethingpops______,itdoesnotstaysecretforlong.Theword“diffusion”simplymeanstospread______,andthatisexactlywhatanynewfoundknowledgedoes.key:upkey:outParagraph6Non-GovernmentalOrganizations(NGOs)andMultinationalCorporationsAsglobalawarenessofcertainissueshasrisen,sotoohasthenumberoforganizationsthataimtodealwiththem.Socallednon-governmentalorganizationsbringtogetherpeopleunaffiliatedwiththegovernmentandcanbenationallyorgloballyfocused.ManyinternationalNGOsdealwithissuesthatdonotpayattentiontoborders(suchasglobalclimatechange,energyuse,orchildlaborregulations).ExamplesofNGOsincludeAmnestyInternationalorDoctorswithoutBorders.regulation[regjʊˑleɪʃ(ə)n]n.管理We

will

do

this

with

a

balanced

approach,

weighingthe

benefits

of

regulation

againstthecostsofexcessiverestraint.我们将以平衡的方式展开这一切，在管理的好处与过度限制的代价之间作出权衡。unaffiliated[ʌnəˑfɪlɪeɪtɪd]a.独立的，未附属的Morethanone-thirdofmillennialsnowsaytheyareunaffiliatedwithanyfaith.如今，超过三分之一的千禧一代表示，他们与任何信仰都不相关。Paragraph7Ascountriesareconnectedtotherestoftheworld(throughincreasedcommunicationandtransportation)theyimmediatelyformwhatabusinesswouldcallamarket.Whatthismeansisthataparticularpopulationrepresentsmorepeopletobuyaparticularproductorservice.Asmoreandmoremarketsareopeningup,businesspeoplefromaroundtheglobearecomingtogethertoformmultinationalcorporationsinordertoaccessthesenewmarkets.Anotherreasonthatbusinessesaregoingglobalisthatsomejobscanbedonebyforeignworkersforamuchcheapercostthandomesticworkers;thisiscalledoutsourcing.openup开放Asthemarketopensup,Ithinkpeoplearegoingtobeabletospendmoremoneyonconsumergoods.

随着市场的开放，我想人们将能够花更多的钱购置消费品。domestic[dəˑmestɪk]a.国内的TheUS

trade

deficit

issurging,forreasonsthathavenothingtodowithdomesticconsumptionbuteverythingtodowithpoliciesandeventsabroad.美国的贸易逆差正大幅飙升，这是由于一些与国内消费毫无关系、但与海外政策和形势紧密相连的原因。Completethefollowingsentences

byfillingeachofthemarkedblankswithoneortwocontentwordsusingChineseequivalentsinthebracketsasthereference.Asmoreandmoremarketsare___a___（开放）,businesspeoplefromaroundtheglobearecomingtogethertoform___b___（跨国公司）inordertoaccessthesenewmarkets.key:a.openingupb.multinationalcorporationsCompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChinesegiveninthebrackets.Anotherreasonthatbusinessesaregoingglobalis______(一些工作可以以比国内工人更低的成本由外国工人来做).key:thatsomejobscanbedonebyforeignworkersforamuchcheapercostthandomesticworkersParagraph8Atitscoreglobalizationisaneasingofborders,makingthemlessimportantascountriesbecomedependentoneachothertothrive.Somescholarsclaimthatgovernmentsarebecominglessinfluentialinthefaceofanincreasinglyeconomicworld.Otherscontestthis,insistingthatgovernmentsarebecomingmoreimportantbecauseoftheneedforregulationandorderinsuchacomplexworldsystem.ease[ɪːz]v.缓和（紧张状态）Theyagreedtoworkco-operativelyto

ease

tensionswhereverpossible.

他们同意互相配合尽一切努力缓解紧张局势。thrive[θraɪv]v.繁荣，兴旺Ecommerce

continuesto

thrive

on

the

Web,and

no

company

is

going

toshut

its

Websiteasan

information

resource.电子商务继续在互联网上茁壮成长，作为信息资源没有哪个公司会把自己的网站关闭。contest[ˑkɒntest]v.争辩Yourformeremployerhastoreplywithin14daysinordertocontestthecase.

你的前雇主得在14天内做出答复以对本案提出抗辩。TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

▶Atitscoreglobalizationisaneasingofborders,makingthemlessimportantascountriesbecomedependentoneachothertothrive.Somescholarsclaimthatgovernmentsarebecominglessinfluentialinthefaceofanincreasinglyeconomicworld.Otherscontestthis,insistingthatgovernmentsarebecomingmoreimportantbecauseoftheneedforregulationandorderinsuchacomplexworldsystem.▶

全球化的核心是缓解边界争端,在国家间依赖彼此而繁荣兴旺时，弱化边界的概念。一些学者声称,面对经济日益增长的世界，政府变得不那么有影响力。另一些学者却对此质疑,认为政府正变得越来越重要,因为在这样一个复杂的世界体系中需要监管和秩序。Paragraph9IsGlobalizationaGoodThing?Thereisaheateddebateaboutthetrueeffectsofglobalizationandifitreallyissuchagoodthing.Goodorbad,though,thereisn’tmuchargumentastowhetherornotitishappening.Let’slookatthepositivesandnegativesofglobalization,andyoucandecideforyourselfwhetherornotitisthebestthingforourworld.CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChinesegiveninthebrackets.Thereisaheateddebateaboutthetrueeffectsofglobalizationand______(它是否真是这样一件好事).key:ifitreallyissuchagoodthingParagraph10PositiveAspectsofGlobalization▶Asmoremoneyispouredintodevelopingcountries,thereisagreaterchanceforthepeopleinthosecountriestoeconomicallysucceedandincreasetheirstandardofliving.▶Globalcompetitionencouragescreativityandinnovationandkeepspricesforcommodities/servicesincheck.▶Developingcountriesareabletoreapthebenefitsofcurrenttechnologywithoutundergoingmanyofthegrowingpainsassociatedwithdevelopmentofthesetechnologies.▶Governmentsareabletobetterworktogethertowardscommongoalsnowthatthereisanadvantageincooperation,animprovedabilitytointeractandcoordinate,andaglobalawarenessofissues.▶Thereisagreateraccesstoforeigncultureintheformofmovies,music,food,clothing,andmore.Inshort,theworldhasmorechoices.pourin大量涌入Sincethengovernmentpouredmoremoneyin,thewholetertiaryindustryhasflourished.自从政府投资增多了，第三产业便兴旺发达起来。incheck受控制地

Sofar,

the

governmenthaskeptpricesmostlyincheckbyraisingbankreserverequirementsandinterestrates.到目前为止，通过提高存款准备金和利率，政府已将物价控制在合理范围内。coordinate[kəʊˑɔ:dɪneɪt]v.协调Weshouldmaintainapropergrowthinpopulation,asustainableutilizationofresourcestocoordinatedevelopmentbetweenmanandnature.为了人与自然之间协调发展，我们应该保持适当的人口增长、资源的可持续使用。Completethefollowingsentences

byfillingeachofthemarkedblankswithoneortwocontentwordsusingChineseequivalentsinthebracketsasthereference.Developingcountriesareableto___a___（收获）thebenefitsofcurrenttechnologywithout___b___（经历）manyofthegrowingpainsassociatedwithdevelopmentofthesetechnologies.key:reap undergoingTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.描述国家不确定性规避的一种说法是，在这些国家中“不同即是危险”。在不确定性规避较弱的社会中，“不同只是好奇而已”。key：Governmentsareabletobetterworktogethertowardscommongoalsnowthatthereisanadvantageincooperation,animprovedabilitytointeractandcoordinate,andaglobalawarenessofissues.Paragraph11▶NegativeAspectsofGlobalization▶Outsourcing,whileitprovidesjobstoapopulationinonecountry,takesawaythosejobsfromanothercountry,leavingmanywithoutopportunities.▶Althoughdifferentculturesfromaroundtheworldareabletointeract,theybegintomeld,andthecontoursandindividualityofeachbegintofade.▶Theremaybeagreaterchanceofdiseasespreadingworldwide,aswellasinvasivespeciesthatcouldprovedevastatinginnon-nativeecosystems.▶Thereislittleinternationalregulation,anunfortunatefactthatcouldhavedireconsequencesforthesafetyofpeopleandtheenvironment.▶LargeWestern-drivenorganizationssuchastheInternationalMonetaryFundandtheWorldBankmakeiteasyforadevelopingcountrytoobtainaloan.However,aWestern-focusisoftenappliedtoanon-Westernsituation,resultinginfailedprogress.contour[ˑkɒntʊə]n.轮廓Theroadfollowsthenaturalcontoursofthecoastline.这条路沿着海岸线的自然轮廓延伸。individuality[ɪndɪvɪdjʊˑælɪtɪ]n.个性Inoticedthatsometimesweforgetaboutourindividualityandtrytoblendinwithoursurroundings.我注意到我们有时候会忘了自己的个性，努力想要融入周围的世界。fade[feɪd]v.逐渐消失As

you

sink

into

anew

activity,thepainandfrustrationwillgraduallyfadeaway.当你沉迷于新的活动时，痛苦和挫折感将会慢慢消失掉。devastating[ˑdevəsteɪtɪŋ]a.毁灭性极强的Itwillbea

devastatingblow

forthetownifthefactorycloses.如果工厂关闭，对该镇来说将是沉重的打击。dire[ˑdaɪə]a.可怕的；悲惨的Thegovernmentlookedasifitwouldsplitapart,withdireconsequencesfordomesticpeace.

政府看似就要分崩离析，给国内和平带来可怕的后果。Completethefollowingsentences

byfillingeachofthemarkedblankswithoneortwocontentwordsusingChineseequivalentsinthebracketsasthereference.Theremaybeagreaterchanceof___a___（疾病传播）worldwide,aswellasinvasivespeciesthatcouldprove___b___（毁灭性的）innon-nativeecosystems.key:diseasespreading devastatingCompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChinesegiveninthebrackets.Thereislittleinternationalregulation,anunfortunatefact______(能够对人和环境的安全带来可怕的后果).key:thatcouldhavedireconsequencesforthesafetyofpeopleandtheenvironmentTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.外包，在给一个国家人口提供就业的同时，却夺走了另一个国家的工作岗位,使许多人失去机会。尽管世界各地不同的文化可以相互影响，但它们开始融合，各自的文化基本面貌和个性开始逐渐消失。Key：Outsourcing,whileitprovidesjobstoapopulationinonecountry,takesawaythosejobsfromanothercountry,leavingmanywithoutopportunities.Key：Althoughdifferentculturesfromaroundtheworldareabletointeract,theybegintomeld,andthecontoursandindividualityofeachbegintofade.CheckYourUnderstandingA.Choosethecorrectanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassage.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheessentialcharacteristicofglobalizationwhichprovidesthepossibilitiesoftheothers?a.ImprovedTechnologyinTransportationandTelecommunicationsb.MovementofPeopleandCapitalc.DiffusionofKnowledged.Non-GovernmentalOrganizations(NGOs)andMultinationalCorporationsKey:a2.Thefollowingitemsallbenefitfromtheimprovedtechnologyintelecommunicationexceptfor______.a.aphoneb.faxc.videoconferenced.aplaneflightKey:d3.Themajorityofpeoplechoosetomovewithinorbetweendevelopingcountriespossiblybecauseofthe______oftheirowncountries.a.transportationtechnologyb.lowwagesc.lossofjobopportunitiesd.self-awareness

Key:b4.WhatisthedrivingforceoftheemergencyofNon-GovernmentalOrganization？a.theawarenessofthegovernmentb.aglobalfocusoncertainissuesc.thecooperationofallcountriesintheworldd.theworld-wideattentiontobordersKey:b5.MultinationalCorporationsareformedduetothefollowingreasonsexceptfor______.a.outsourcingb.accessingthenewmarketc.exploringthenewmarketd.cheaperlaborcostKey:c6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothetext?a.Thetrendtowardglobalizationhasintensifiedthedebateabouttheroleofgovernment.b.Todaymuchknowledge–scientific,technological,andcultural–issharedworldwide.c.Thefrictionofdistanceusuallyrequiressomeamountof

effort

and

money

toovercome.d.Globalizationistheprocessofinternationalintegrationarisingfromtheinterchangeof

economics,politicsandculture.Key:c7.Thefollowingarethepositiveaspectsofglobalizationexceptfor______.a.Fosteringeconomicsuccessindevelopingcountriesb.gainingbenefitsofthecurrenttechnologywithoutexperiencinggrowingpaininitsdevelopmentindevelopingcountriesc.promotingcollaborationamonggovernmentsd.encouragingforeigncultureindevelopingcountriesKey:d8.Thefollowingarethenegativeaspectsofglobalizationexceptfor______.a.losingjobopportunitiesindevelopedcountriesinoutsourcing.b.adaptationofnon-WesternsituationtoWestern-drivenorganizationc.losinglocalcultureindevelopingcountriesd.destroyingecosystemsandenvironmentKey:bExtendedReadingBitcoinTechnologySeenGoingGlobalNathanielPopperA.Questionsfordiscussion.1.Whatistheblockchain?Whatdoesitmeanforaveragepeople?2.Whatcouldblockchainmeanforthefinancialservicesindustry?3.Shouldpeoplebefearfulorhopefulaboutvirtualcurrencies?Why?

B.Preparea10-minutepresentationonthetopicof“Thepositiveandnegativeeffectsofglobalization”withreasonsandexamplesanddeliveritintheclass.LISTENINGA.Listentothefirstpartofalectureandanswerthefollowingquestions.constraint[kənˑstreɪnt]n.约束continuum[kənˑtɪnjʊəm]n.一系列（事件、变化、特征等）recede[rɪˑsɪːd]v.减弱version[ˑvɜːʃ(ə)n]n.版本1.WhatisglobalizationdefinedbyWalters?2.WhatdoesDavidHeldbelieveaboutglobalization?3.Whatisthetraditionalwayofthinkingaboutidentity?AccordingtoWalters,globalizationisasocialprocess,inwhichconstraintsofgeographyonsocialandculturalarrangementsrecedeandinwhichpeoplebecomeincreasinglyawarethattheyarereceding.DavidHeldbelievesthatitisnotjustaboutlosingpower,butalsoaboutgainingpowerinsomeways.Itisourbasicidentityformedbyournationalidentity.B.Listentothesecondpartofalectureandanswerthefollowingquestions.clash[klæʃ]n.冲突interdependence[ɪntədɪˑpendəns]n.互相依赖multifaceted[mʌltɪˑfæsɪtɪd]a.多方面的pensioner[ˑpenʃ(ə)nə]n.养老金领取者pensionfunds

养老基金self-expressivevalue

自我表达价值stumble[ˑstʌmb(ə)l]v.跌倒theorist[ˑθɪərɪst]n.理论家1.Accordingtothelecturer,howdoesglobalizationaffectmostofourexperienceseconomically?2.Whatdoesthelecturermeanbyself-expressivevalue?3.Whataresomeofthethreatsandopportunitiesofferedbyglobalizationmentionedbythelecturer?Whatglobalizationaffectsmostofourexperiencesinournationstatesiswhatwewouldcalleconomicexchangeandeconomicinterdependence.Thevaluemeansthatpeoplearebecomingmuchmoreindividually-minded.Theyarethinkingaboutthemselvesandtheywanttotellyouaboutthemselves.Sothegroupmentalityisbreakingdowntosomeextent.Thethreatsaresomethinglikemassmigrationandrefugees;theopportunitiesareinternet,andworldtravel,whichisfastandfairlycheap.C.

Listentoaconversationaboutglobalmarketingandwriteyouranswersinthespaceprovided.

culturalimperialism文化帝国主义episode[ˑepɪsəʊd]n.(电视连续剧的)集impose[ɪmˑpəʊz]v.强加locality[lə(ʊ)ˑkælɪtɪ]n.（某人或某物存在的）地点pessimist[ˑpɛsɪmɪst]n.悲观主义者sceptic[ˑskeptɪk]n.怀疑论者traditionalist[trəˑdɪʃənəlɪst]n.传统主义者transformationalist[trænsfəˑmeɪʃənəlɪst]n.转型主义论者1.Whatisasceptic?2.Canyouinterpretcultureimperialismwithexamples?

3.Whatarethetwoevidencetraditionalistsorscepticsusetosupporttheiridea?Itreferstosomeonewhodoesn’tbelieve,orsomeonewhodoubts.Cultureimperialismmeansonecountrywouldimposeitscultureoneverybodyelse.Americaisagoodexampleofthis,whichisgoodatgettingthecultureouteverywhereintheworldsuccessfully,likethemovies,TVdramas,anditsfood.Oneisculturalimperialismandtheotheristhatpeopledon’tfeelglobal,buttheyfeelthattheirnationalidentityisthemostimportant.D.Listentothelastpartofalectureandanswerthefollowingquestions.Writedownyouranswers.contingent[kənˑtɪndʒ(ə)nt]a.依情况而定的implement[ˑɪmplɪm(ə)nt]v.实施，执行1.Whatdotransformat