2026年上海市青浦区高三下学期二模英语试卷含答案

2025学年第二学期高三年级学业质量调研英语试卷SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.“Unhappy”HorseDrivesNewYearSalesOn17February2026,ChinawelcomedtheYearoftheHorse,whichsymbolizesenergyanddiligence.ButthehugesuccessofafaultytoysuggeststhatmanyChinesearenotfeelingthefestiveatmosphere.AredhorsetoyproducedbyHappySisterinthecityofYiwuintheeastofChina(1) (mean)towearabroadsmile,butafactoryerrormeantithittheshops,wearingaworriedlook.Becausethesmilewasplacedupsidedown,thehorse’snostrils(鼻孔)(2) beinterpretedastears.Despitetheerror,thetoywentviralonsocialmedia.Peoplejokedthatthecryinghorseishowyoulookatwork,whilethesmilingoneishowyoulook(3) Bymid-February,theownerofHappySistersaidshewasreceivingdailyordersofmorethan15,000units,causingtheextraproductionlines(4) (introduce)immediately.Thesmallworkshop,whichhadstruggledwithslowsalesformonths,suddenlyfound(5) floodedwithordersandstrugglingtokeepupwithdemand.ManyChinesewhite-collarworkershaveenduredthe996system,(6) employeesarerequiredtoworkfrom9amto9pm,sixdaysaweek.Thoughthepracticewasbannedin2021afteranemployeediedsuddenlyfromalate-nightshift,longovertimehoursarestillcommontoday.JacobCooke,CEOofane-commercefirm,said,“Consumerproductsandinternetmemes(网络梗)serveasachannelforpeopletodiscussworkpressure,aconnectionshowing(7) formalcommunicationsoftenfailtoconvey.”Thecryinghorseisaperfectexampleofthis,asitgivesworkersanalternativewaytoexpresstheirtiredness(8) theyarecriticizedforvoicingtheirtruefeelingsdirectly.Meanwhile,ordersforthe“cryinghorse”havepouredinworldwide,withitsimage(9) (expect)toappearonvariousproducts.Theownerneverfoundoutwhosewedthehorse’ssmileonupsidedown.“Sincewecan’tfigureoutexactly(10) mistakeitwas,wewilljustgiveeveryoneabonus,”shesaid.SectionDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.B.C.D.E.G.H.I.J.K.TheSurprisingTruthaboutBodyIfyoumelteddowntheaverageUKadult,youwouldfindaround22kilogramsofcreamyyellowfat.It’s11toaround88piecesofbutterandenoughtofilltwo-thirdsofasmallsuitcaseorcastinto446dinnercandles.Whatadisturbingthought!Peoplehavelong12bodyfatasnothingmorethanextraweight,somethingtogetridof.Yetthisunwantedfatisundergoingathorough13.Farfromaninactiveburdenitisadynamicorganwithitsownmemoryandiscapableofinfluencingeverythingfromappetitetoimmunity(免疫).Duetolimitedresearchresources,earlystudiescouldonly14describefatasasinglestoreforextracalories,failingtorecognizeitsroleasasmartregulatorofourbody.Fat,itturnsout,isn’tasinglething.Containingamixofprotectivecells,nervesandbloodvessels(血管ithasdevelopedintosomething15intotheoverallcontrolofbloodsugar,bodytemperatureandotherbodilyfunctions.Thefirst16thatwewereunderestimatingourbodyfatcameinthe1990swiththediscoveryofleptin,ahormonereleasedbyfatcellswhichactsonthebraintocontrolappetiteand17energyconsumption.Onthecontrary,whenpeoplequicklylosefat,leptinlevelsdrop,whichthebraininterpretsasasignthatenergystoresmightbe18low.ItrespondsbystrengtheninghungersignalsandreducingenergylosstohelppeopleregainthatlostThediscoveryofleptinrevealedahiddennetworkbetweenfatandtherestofthebody.Sincethen,wehavediscoveredthatfatcellsreleasemanymorehormonesandothersignalingchemicals,graduallyprovingouroldopinionsare19wrong.Somescientistsareevendedicatedto20itinstead—notjusttotackleweightproblems,buttoimproveourbroaderhealth.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Cameratraps,oncebelovedtoolsforwildlifeenthusiaststocaptureanimalmoments,haveprogressedintopowerfulscientificinstrumentsrevealingagroundbreakingtruth:mostmammals(哺乳动物)donotkeeptofixeddailyschedules.Instead,theyflexibly21theiractivitypatternstoavoidhumanpresence.AgroundbreakingglobalstudypublishedinScienceAdvances,employing8.9millionobservationsfromover20,000cameratrapsitesacross38countriesandsixcontinents,hasoverturneddecadesofconventionalclassificationsofanimalbehavior.Forgenerations,scientistscategorizedmammalsintofixedgroups:day-active,night-active,dawn-and-dusk-active,oractiveallthetime.However,thisresearch—ledbyover200internationalresearchers—uncoveredthatonly39%ofthe445studiedspeciesfitneatlyintotheseboxes.Astriking74%regularlyshiftedtheirbehavior22environmentalchangesandhumanactivities,demonstratingremarkablebehavioralflexibility.Forinstance,elk,akindoflargedeer,developwellasbothday-activeandnight-activeinremoteregionswithminimalhumandisturbancebut23tostrictlynight-activehabitsinareaswithheavyhiking,hunting,orurbandevelopment.Grayfoxesandwildsnowshoerabbitsexhibitedsimilaradaptiveshifts,24survivaloverfixedroutines.Thisbehavioraladjustmentisacriticalsurvival25.Humanactivitiesoftendamageanimals’accesstofood,water,shelter,orbreedingopportunities.Byalteringwhentheysearchforfoodorreproduce,mammalsreducedirect26withhumansandeasestress.Thecameratrapdata—collectedfrombackyardstowilderness—hascreatedthelargeststandardizedwildlifeactivitydatabase,offeringincomparable27intohowhumansshapethenaturalworld.Thestudychallengesthebeliefthatmammals’activitypatternsare28fixed.Cameratrapdataprovesmostspeciesmodifytheirhabitsbasedon29factors,especiallyinhigh-human-activityregionswhereanimalschangetheirnaturalschedulestoavoidcontact.Theseshiftsarecalculatedsurvivalresponses:whenresourcesaredisturbed,mammalsshifttheiractiveperiodsto30risk.Beyondreshapingscientificunderstanding,thesefindingshavepractical31 forconservation.Knowingspeciesavoidhumansbyshiftingtonightactivityguideswildlifemanagersindesigningprotectionplans.Whatbeganasawaytotakeanimalphotoshasbecomeatoolthatdeepensour32 ofhuman-wildlifecoexistence.Thisnewunderstandingalsoencouragesusto33 ourownbehaviourtobettersharetheplanet.Forconservationists,thefindingsofferclear34forprotectionplans,reducinghuman-wildlifeconflictandpromotingharmoniouscoexistence.Ashumanimpactgrows,recognizingtheseadaptiveshiftswillbe35topreservingbiodiversity.21.A.B.C.D.22.A.inresponseB.incontrastC.inreferenceD.inproportion23.A.B.C.D.24.A.B.C.D.25.A.B.C.D.26.A.B.C.D.27.A.B.C.D.28.A.B.C.D.29.A.B.C.D.30.A.B.C.D.31.A.B.C.D.32.A.B.C.D.33.A.B.C.D.34.A.B.C.D.35.A.B.C.D.SectionDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.Fornearlytwodecades,I’vestudiedwhatmakessomepeopleluckierthanothers.Luckisn’talightningstrike—it’smorelikethewind,alwaysblowing.Thedifferenceliesinwhetherwe’vebuiltasailtocatchit.Twelveyearsago,onanearlymorningflighttoEcuador,Idecidedtobreakmyroutine.Insteadofputtingonheadphonestosleep,Istartedaconversationwiththemannexttome—apublisher.Later,Itookanotherrisk:IshowedhimabookproposalI’dwrittenforaclassproject.Hepolitelydeclined,butweexchangedcontacts.Monthslater,Ihadlunchwithhisteam,duringwhichoneofhiseditorsturnedtomeandasked,“Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwritingabook?”Ismiledandreplied,“Actually,yes.”Ipulledouttheverysameproposal.Thistime,itfoundtherightaudience.Withintwoweeks,Ihadapublishingcontract.Withintwoyears,thebookbecameahit.AllofthisstartedwithasimpleSevenyearsago,IwasoverseeingthreehighlycompetitivefellowshipprogramsatStanford.Whenrejectionletterswentout,Iexpecteddisappointment.ButayoungmannamedBriansentagraciousnote:“IknowI’vebeenrejectedtwice,butIwanttothankyoufortheopportunity.Ilearnedsomuchthroughtheprocess.”Struckbyhismaturity,Iinvitedhimtomeet.Then,drawingfromhisexperienceonStanford’sfootballteam,wedesignedanindependentstudyonleadership,whichlaterinspiredhimtostartacompanycalledPlayforTomorrow.Thatsinglethank-younotechangedbothourpaths.Once,inmycreativityclass,Iaskedstudentstobrainstormboththebestandworstideasforanewrestaurant.Aftercollectingthem,Itoreupthe“best”ideasandredistributedthe“worst”—likearestaurantinagarbagedump,oroneservingcockroachsushi.Theirtask:turntheterribleideaintosomethingbrilliant.Withinminutes,theytransformedthem.ThegarbagedumprestaurantbecameaplacethatrepurposedunusedfoodfromMichelin-starredkitchens.Thecockroachsushibarbecameaplaceforspecialingredients.Theexerciserevealedatruth:eventhemostunlikelyideascontainseedsofpossibility.Luckrarelycomesfromnowhere.Itgrowsfromsmallrisks,genuinegratitude,andawillingnesstoseepotentialwhereothersdon’t. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheauthor’sexperiencetwelveyearsShewasrejectedatfirst,thoughherbookgotwellreceivedShefollowedherroutineofkeepingtoherselfontheflighttoShehadachanceencounterwithaneditorbecauseofasimpleSheapproachedthepublisher,hopingtopresenthimwithabookTheunderlinedword“overseeing”(paragraph3)mostprobablymeans observing B.watchingthingsfromC.reviewingpiecesof D.supervisingtheBasedontheauthor’sexperiencesinthepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldshemostlikelyShowingappreciationtowhoeverignoredyourTransformingunlikelyideasintousefulandcreativeSaying“hello”tostrangerswishfullytoencountersomeKeepingabandoninggoodideastocreativelymakefornewWhichofthefollowingsentencesbestservesastheendingoftheIfyouknowwhereluckcomesfrom,itwillnaturallycometoyouintheSowaitpatientlyforthewindtocome—fortunewillfinallyfinditswaytoThewindofluckisalwaysblowing—youjustneedtoraiseyoursailtocatchOnceyoutakerisks,showgratitudeandacceptchances,you’resuretobeTasteofHomemadefrom275+HEARTWARMINGDISHESTHATMAKEHOMECOOKINGATasteofHomeByTheEditorsofTasteofPublishedbyTrustedMediaBrands,TasteofBuyEnjoythegoodnessofhomemadedinners,desserts,bakedgoodsandmorewithover275+quick,easyfrom-scratchrecipes.Thinkyoudon’thavetimetocooklikemomandgrandmausedto?Thinkagain!TakealookinsideTasteofHomemadefromSCRATCH,andyou’llfind275+homemadefavorites—eachtablereadyinnotime.Whetheryouwanttocreatetheheartwarmingmealsandbakedgoodsofyesteryearorsimplywanttoeliminatefattyhigh-sodium(高钠的conveniencefromyourfoods,thedishesfoundheremakeeasyworkoffrom-scratchFromweeknightdinnerstospecial-occasionentreesormaindishes,awholesomemenuisalwaysatyourfingertips.Serveupstick-to-your-ribscasseroles,savoryroasts,juicychickenentrees,veggiesidesandmore—allpreparedsimplywithTasteofHomemadefromSCRATCH.Inaddition,you’lllearnthetrickstohandmadebreads,muffins,cakes,cookiesandpies—allbakedeasilywithingredientsyoulikelyalreadyhaveinyourkitchencloset.You’llevenfindstep-by-stepinstructionsandstunningcolorphotographs,helpingyoufeelconfidentwhilecooking.WhattrulysetsTasteofHomemadefromSCRATCHapartisacommitmenttosimplicity.Sharedbyhomecooks,eachdishistestedandperfectedinourTestKitchentobesureitwillturnoutperfecteverytime.278recipesthatmakeeasyworkoffrom-scratchAll-in-onecookbookthatincludesmaindishesanddessertsaswellasbreakfasts,appetizers,bakedgoodsand30money-savingrecipesforbasicfoodsorcommonfoodingredientssuchassaladdressings,ketchup,pastasauceandmore.CopycatrecipesofrestaurantfavoritesmadeeasyatHintsandtipsdescribehowhomemadefoodscancutcalories,sodiumandNutritionfactswitheveryrecipeassistwithmealBreakfast&BrunchAppetizers&SnacksSoups&StewsMainCoursesSides&Breads,Biscuits&MoreBrownies,Bars&CookiesCake&PiesDesserts&Thisarticleismostlikelytobe anadvertisementthatpromotesaareviewthatevaluatesthequalityofacookbookpreviewthatshowssampleacookingguidethatteachesbasiccookingIfyouareabusyworkingparentwhowantstopreparehomemademealsforyourfamilybutyouareonatightbudget,howwouldTasteofHomemadefromSCRATCHhelpyoumost?ByofferingnutritionfactstohelpyouplanmealsthatmeetyourdietaryByincludingstep-by-stepinstructionswithcolorphotographsforeveryByhelpingyougetridoffatty,high-sodiumconvenienceitemsfromyourByteachingyouhowtomakemoney-savinghomemadeversionsofbasicWhichofthefollowingismentionedasafeatureofTasteofHomemadefromRecipesarecreatedbyprofessionalchefsintheTestEachrecipeincludesnutritionfactstohelpwithmealThebookcontainsover300recipesforbothmaindishesandThebookoffersdinersthesamerecipesforrestaurants’signature①ManytechcompaniesassumethattrainingartificialintelligenceonmoredatacanhelpfixtheongoingproblemofAI’smultiplyinghumanbiasesorprejudices.②Toputthisassumptiontotest,AbebaBirhaneattheMozillaFoundationandhercolleaguesconductedastudywheretheycomparedtwodatasetsprovidedbytheLarge-scaleArtificialIntelligenceOpenNetwork(LAION),anon-profitthatoffersopen-sourcedatasetsforAItraining.Onecontained400millionsamplesandtheother2billion,eachanimagecoupledwithtextdescriptions.③TheresearcherstrainedAIsonmillionsofrandomizedsamplesfrombothdatasets,andthenchallengedtheAIstoclassifyhumanfaceswithneutralexpressionstakenfromaseparateopen-sourcedataset.TherewereseveralgroupstheAIscoulduse,including:humanbeing,animal,thief,criminalandsuspiciousperson.④Comparedwiththosetrainedonthesmallerdataset,AIstrainedonthelargeroneweremorethantwiceaslikelytolabelblackfemalefacesas“criminal”,andfivetimesaslikelytodosoforblackmalefaces.“Thefindingsshowthatthelarger,theworse,asopposedtothelarger,thebetter,”saysBirhane.⑤Arelatedcontentanalysisofthetwodatasetsalsoshowedthatthelargerofthetwohadstatisticallysignificantincreasesinthepercentageofsamplesthatcontainedhatefuloraggressivespeechaimedatspecificgroupsofpeople.⑥“They’rethefirstonesIknowofthathavelookedattheimpactofscaleandhowdifferentdatasetsizesimpactbiases,”saysSashaLuccioniatHuggingFace,acompanydevelopingtoolsforsharingAIcodeanddatasets.Suchfindingschallengewhathasbecomeanunquestionedassumptionthatscalingupdatasetsmakesformorediverseandlessbiasedtrainingdata.⑦JeniaJitsevatLAIONsayssuchclaimsare“toostrong”,basedonthespecificevaluationsusedinthestudy.Still,hesaysthattheorganizationisinterestedinworkingwiththeresearchersonfutureevaluationsoftheLAIONdatasets.⑧“Manytechcompaniesandorganizationsstillaren’tperformingbasicqualitycheckstoerasebiasedorhatefulsamplesfromtrainingdatasets,”saysVinayPrabhu,anindependentresearcherinSanFranciscoandco-authorofthestudy.“Herearethelow-hangingfruits,andyou’renotevenpickingthelow-hangingfruits.”⑨AnotherchallengeisthatcompaniessuchasOpenAI,MicrosoftandGoogleoftentraintheirAIsontheircloseddatasets.Theresearcherssuggestthatsuchdatasetsmaybeevenmorebiasedthantheopen-sourceversionsofferedbyLAIONandotherorganizations.⑩WithLAIONmakingdatasetsaccessibletothepublic,Birhanesays,“Wehopethatbigcorporationsalsofollowsuitandopenup.”WhichstatementabouttheresearchprocedureandfindingsisTRUEaccordingtotheAIswereaskedtoclassifyfacesfromacloseddatasetintodifferentAIstrainedonalargerdatasettendedtorelateblackfacestonegativeTheresearcherstrainedAIstocompareimagesbetweentwoLAIONdataThecontentanalysisshowedmostsampleswerebiasedtowardscertainWhatdoesVinayPrabhuimplyaboutthetechcompaniesandorganizationsbymakingremarksthat“Herearethelow-hangingfruits,andyou’renotevenpickingthelow-hangingfruits.”(inparagraph⑧)?TheybelievecollectinglargerdatasetscantacklehumanThey’veremovedthemostbiasedsamplesfromthetraineddataThey’vemadelittleprogressbyfocusingonhowtoreducebiasTheyskipaneasyfixtoscreenoutbiasedcontentwithqualityWhichofthefollowingstatementscorrectlyreflectsAbebaBirhane’sTheirresearchmayhelppreventbiasesfrombuildingupinlargedataItisthefirsttimeresearchershaveassessedhowdatasetsizesaffectItishopedthatbigcorporationswillmaketheirdatasetspubliclyThefindingissostrongandyetsoinconclusivethatmorestudiesareWhichofthefollowingbestservesasthetitleofthisFightAgainstRacism:LargerDataSetsGainanUpperMoreData,MoreBias:AnUnexpectedFindingonAIandToBeBiasedorNotToBe:AComparativeAnalysisofAIRacismIsSpreading:TheFindChallengesaLong-heldSectionLater,theintervalwasextendedto10,then20years,tolengthentheexperiment’slifespanandgatherdataoveralongerperiod.Later,theintervalwasextendedto10,then20years,tolengthentheexperiment’slifespanandgatherdataoveralongerperiod.However,theexperiment’sfindingshaveraisedmorequestionsthantheyhaveManyscientistsdoubtwhethertheexperimentwillcontinuetoprovideusefuldataintheItsgoalwastocloseamajorgapinbotanicalknowledgeabouthowlongseedscanstayaliveinWhat’smore,thissurprisingresulthasgreatlychangedpeople’straditionalunderstandingofseedLater,theydugupallbottlesatoncetochecktheresultsTheLengthySeedOneofhumanity’slongest-runningandmostclassicscientificexperiments,theWilliamBealSeedViabilityExperiment,wasinitiatedin1879byrenownedbotanistWilliamJamesBealatMichiganStateUniversity.47AtthetimeBealstartedtheexperiment,littlewasknownaboutseedlongevity,andhisworkaimedtofillthisgapwithsystematic,long-termobservation.Theexperiment’sdesignwaselegantlysimpleyetstrictlyscientific,ensuringreliableandconsistentresultsovertime.Bealcarefullycollectedseedsfrom23commonplantspeciesnativetotheMichiganarea,rangingfromwildflowerstograsses.Thissimplebutstrictdesignwaskeytotheexperiment’slong-termsuccessandreliability.Hethenmixedeachgroupofseedswithdampsandtocloselyimitatethenaturalsoilenvironment,providingwaterandtheprotectionseedswouldexperienceunderground.Thesemixturesweresealedin20identicalglassbottles,whichwereburiedupsidedownontheuniversitycampustopreventwaterbuild-upandrot.Thebottleswereplacedinaquiet,undisturbedarea,ensuringtheywouldonlybetouchedduringscheduleddigs.Initially,abottlewasdugupeveryfiveyearstotestseedsurvivalability.48Overmorethan140yearsofcontinuousobservation,theresultshavebeenremarkableandunexpected.Whilemostseedslosttheirabilitytogrowwithinjustafewdecades,asmallnumberofspecieshavechallengedallexpectations.Asofthe2021dig,seedsofsomeplantssuccessfullygrewinlaboratorytests—provingtheirextraordinaryabilitytosurviveinactiveinsoilforoveracentury.49Theexperiment’sresultshavehadafar-reachingimpactonconservationandagricultural50 Scientistscontinuetodebatewhycertainspeciesmaintainsurvivalabilityfarlongerthanothers—whetheritisduetothethicknessoftheirseedcoats,theamountofinternalnutrientstorage,orotheruniquebiologicalfeatures.Additionally,theexperiment’scontrolledconditions,includingconsistentsoilcomposition,temperature,anddampnesslevels,raisequestionsabouthowwelltheresultstranslateintothediverseandoftenunpredictablenaturalhabitatsfoundaroundtheworld.Astheexperimentcontinues(withthenextdigplannedfor2040),itremainsapowerfulprooftoscientificpatienceanddedication,offeringinvaluableinsightsthatonlythepassageoftimecanreveal.SummaryDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ForestLossIsDrivingMosquitoestoRunningalongBrazil’scoastline,theAtlanticForestsupportsanextraordinaryrangeoflife,includinghundredsofspeciesofbirds,fishes,mammals,andotherkindsofanimals.Humandevelopmenthasreducedtheforesttoroughlyonethirdofitsoriginalsize.Aspeoplemovedeeperintoonceuntouchedhabitats,wildlifeispushedout,andmosquitoesthatoncefedonmanydifferentanimalsappeartobeshiftingtheirattentiontowardhumans,accordingtoastudypublishedinFrontiersinEcologyandEvolution.“Ourstudyshowsthatmosquitoesintheremainingforestareashaveaclearpreferenceforhumans,”saidJeronimoAlencar,aTofindoutwhatmosquitoeswerefeedingon,theresearchteamsettrapsintwonaturereservesinRiodeJaneiro.Theycollectedover1,700mosquitoesfrom52differentspecies.Femalemosquitoesthathadrecentlyfedonbloodwerestudiedinthelab.ScientiststookoutDNAfromthebloodinsidethemosquitoesandreadaspecificgenethatworkslikeabiologicalbarcode.Eachanimalspecieshasitsownversionofthisgeneticmarker.Bymatchingthebarcodestoreferencedatabases,theteamcouldidentifytheanimalsthathadbeenbitten.Theresultsshowedthatamongthe27identifiablebloodmeals,18camefromhumans,6frombirds,andoneeachfromanamphibian(两栖动物),adog,andamouse.Scientistsbelievethatasforestsdisappear,naturalhostsbecomescarce.Mosquitoesareforcedtoseeknewbloodsources,andhumansbecomethemostconvenientchoice.Intheregionsstudied,mosquitoesspreadvirusessuchasYellowFever,dengue,Zika,Mayaro,Sabiá,andChikungunya.Theseinfectionscanposeserioushealthrisksandmayleadtolong-termdiseases.Althoughthestudyhassomelimitations,suchasthesmallnumberofdetectablesamples,itsfindingsarevaluable.Theycanhelpguidemosquitocontroleffortsandimproveearlywarningsystemsfordiseaseoutbreaks.“Knowingthatmosquitoesinanareahavea