浙江嘉兴市2025-2026学年度第一学期期末英语试卷

第一学期期末检测高一英语(2026.1)试题卷考生须知：1.全卷分试题卷和答题纸两部分，试题卷12页，答题纸2页，有四部分考查内容，满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。2.本卷答案必须做在答题纸的相应位置上，做在试题卷上无效。3.请用黑墨水签字笔将考生个人相关信息填写在答题纸的相应位置上。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdidMr.Owensuggestthestudentsdo?A.Studyalone. B.Worktogether. C.Prepareearly.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Areyougoingtopreparefortheproject?M:MrPetersonsaidweshouldstudyalone,butMrOwenadvisedustogetintoastudygroup.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendoesthebusleavefortheairport?A.At6:00. B.At6:15. C.At6:30.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whattimedoesthebusleavefortheairport?W:It’s6:15now.Thereare15minutesleftforus.Let’shurry,Tony.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthewomanhaveherhairchanged?A.Bycuttingitshort. B.Bymakingitstraight. C.Bychangingitscolor.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whatdoyouthinkofcuttingyourhairshortthistime?W:Short,butIlikemylongstraighthair.M:Okay,let’stryanewcolor.Maybeblack.W:Thatsoundsinteresting.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatrelationisLindatotheman?A.Hisneighbor. B.Hisstudent. C.Hisguest.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,Linda.Theflowersinyourfrontyardarelookingwonderfulthisyear.W:Thanks,willyouallbeingtoourstreetpartyattheweekend?M:Yes,althoughthekidshavesummerschoolfirst.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whycan’tthewomangotoworktoday?A.Shehasastomachache.B.ShewillvisitMr.Kennedy.C.Shehastolookafterherdaughter.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:MrKennedy,it’sbecky,I’msorrybutIcan’tmakeitintoworktoday.I’matthehospital.M:Areyouallright?W:It’smydaughter.Shewokeupwithastomachachethismorning.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howdidthemanfeelabouttheendingofthemovie?AMoved. B.Surprised. C.Annoyed.7.Whatdoesthewomanenjoymostaboutthemovie?A.Itshero. B.Itsstory. C.Itsposter.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Didyoulikethemovie?M:Yes,Ienjoyeditverymuch.Theendingwassotouching.Itbroughttearstomyeyes.Ievenboughtaposterofit.W:Right,Iwasabitsurprisedtoseeyoucry.M:Isometimescryinthemovietheaters.Anyway,didyouenjoythemovie?W:Idid,thoughitsheroishandsome.Ilikethestorylinebest.AtfirstIwasangryattheheroforwhathedid,butthenIwaspleasedtoseehimchange.Intheend,Ifeltveryproudofhim.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthebeginningofaterm. B.Inthemiddleofaterm. C.Attheendofaterm.9.Whyisthewomanworried?A.ShefailedherFrenchexam.B.Hergradepointaverageisverylow.C.Frenchmayaffecthergradepointaverage.10.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.GotoFrance. B.Calltheman’sfriend. C.DroptheFrenchcourse.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Barbara,howwasyourbreak?W:Great,thanks.I’mgladtobeback.Onemoretermtogo.M:Howisyourcourse?W:Easy,exceptforFrench.That’stheoneI’mworriedabout.Iwanttolearnit,butI’mafraiditmightlowermygradepointaverage.DoyouthinkIshoulddropit?M:That’satoughdecision.Howaboutgettingsomeextrapracticeinstead?IhaveaFrenchspeakingfriendwhocouldhelp.Wanthernumber?W:Really?Thatwouldbegreat.Maybethat’sthesolution.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whydoesthemanpostthevideoofpandasonline?A.Toletmorepeopleseepandas.B.Toshowhisloveforpandacare.C.Toattractmorevisitorstothezoo.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisjob?A.Challenging. B.Skilled. C.Worthwhile.13.Whatdotheman’steamtryhardtodo?A.Protectgiantpandas. B.Feedwildanimals. C.Promotegreenpractices.【答案】11.A12.C13.A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Isawavideoofgiantpandasonlineandnoticedthatthepandakeeperlookedlikeyou.M:Yeah,thatwasme.Westartedfilmingbecausemanypeoplelovegiantpandasbutcan’talwaysvisittheminperson.Wewanttobringthepandasclosertoawideraudience.W:Iadmireyouforbeingabletoturnyourinterestintoyourjob.M:It’ssomeaningfultoknowourworkmakesarealdifference.Also,it’sgreattoseethatthewildgiantpandapopulationhasincreasedfromabout1100inthe1980stoover1900now.W:That’scool.Itmustfeelgoodtocontributetosuchapositivechange.M:Absolutely.Myteammakeeveryefforttoensurethewellbeingandconservationoftheseamazinganimals.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Wherearethespeakers?A.AtRichard’shouse. B.Inthetaxi. C.Atthepolicestation.15.Whatdoesthemando?A.Apoliceman. B.Ataxidriver. C.Acleaner.16.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Cleanacar. B.PickupRichard. C.Returnawallet.17.HowdidthemanknowwhereRichardlives?A.HefollowedRichard.B.HesawitfromRichard’scard.C.Thepolicetoldhimtheaddress.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,Madam,doesRichardlivehere?W:Yes,heismyhusband.M:Sorrytotroubleyou.I’mAlexanderPappas.YourhusbandRichardlefthiswalletinmytaxiyesterday.IhappenedtopickitupwhenIcleanedmycarthismorning.Ijusteheretogiveitbacktohim.W:Oh,hewasreallytoocareless.He’snotathomeatthismomentandhehasgonetohisoffice.Youcangiveittome.Thankyouverymuchforyourhelp.M:It’smypleasure.W:ButI’mstillwonderinghowyoufoundushere.M:Iplannedtocallthepolice,butluckilythewalletcontainsRichard’scardandIjustfollowedtheaddress.Hereitis.W:I’mreallythankful.Thewalletisveryimportanttohim.Youknow,itwouldbringaboutlotsoftroubleifyouhadn’tfoundthewallet.Youaresokindhearted.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whoremendedtheapptothespeaker?A.Ateacher. B.Aclassmate. C.Afamilymember.19.Whichpartoftheappismosthelpfulforthespeaker?A.Thestudyplanner.B.Thenotetakingtool.C.Thestudymaterialcreator.20.Howdoesthespeakerdescribeherself?A.Forgetful. B.Creative. C.Organized.【答案】18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】Whenitestocreatinggoodstudyhabits,oneofthebestthingsI’veeverdoneistodownload,gostudy.It’sanappmybrotherremendedtomebackwhenIwasinhighschool,andI’vebeenusingiteversince.Inclass,ithelpsyoutakenotesinafewdifferentways.Itcanrecordthespeechandturnitin,whichyoucanthensave,editandshare.Youcanalsotakeaphotographofanytypeofwritten,abook,adocument,evenateacher’snotesontheblackboard,andthenturnthisintoedi.Itmakesnotetakingsoeasy.Icouldn’tgotoaclasswithoutitnow.Youcanalsouploadclassstudymaterials,usetheapp’ssoftwaretocreatemindmaps,testcardsandothers,studyaidsandsharethemwithclassmates.Andifyouoftenforgetthingslikeme,you’llprobablylovethestudyplannerfeature.Ithelpsmeorganizemyclasses,homework,testsandprojects.Ifyou’reastudent,Ihighlyremendgostudy.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADoyouwanttogocampinginanationalpark?Thisistheplacetostart!YellowstoneNationalPark,wellknownastheworld’sfirstnationalpark,hasavarietyofcampgroundsforyoutochoose.AboutReservationAllcampgroundsmustbereservedinadvance,withionofMammothwhichoffersfirste,firstservedsites.Inthecampgrounds,youcanalsobeofferedcertainserviceasfollows.Pleasescanitbeforeyoumakeareservation.Campground2026DatesNightlyPriceSitesBridgeBay5/159/13$38431●●●●FishingBridgeRV(房车)Park6/810/17$94310●●●●●GrantVillage6/269/26$45429●●●●●LewisLake6/1510/11$2084●●●Madison5/110/17$38278●●●●MammothYearround$2582●●●TowerFall5/229/27$3031●●●DisabledfriendlysitesPayshowersToiletsFullhookups(接口)DumpstationBikerandhikersites(limitednumber)AboutGroupSitese.g.psitesarefoundatBridgeBay,GrantVillage,andMadisoncampgroundsforlargegroupswithaleaderwhoisofficiallyresponsibleforthegroup(e.g.educationalgroups).Pricesvaryfrom$165to$475pernight,dependingongroupsize.Advancereservationsarealsorequested.PleasecontactYellowstoneNationalParkLodgesfordetailedinformation.AboutRVsIfyou’rerentinganRV,youcan’thaveitdeliveredorpickedupoutsidethepark.Youmustdriveitinandoutyourself.FishingBridgeRVParkistheonlycampgroundofferingwater,sewers(排污管),andelectricalhookups,anditisforhardsidedvehicles(车辆)only.Softsidedsetups,includingtents,arenotallowed.Dumpstations,whichallowRVownerstoemptytheirwastesafelyandcleanly,mayclosewhentemperaturesarebelowfreezing.21.WhatisthenightlypriceforacampgroundwithshowersandtoiletsinMay?A.$20. B.$30. C.$38. D.$45.22.Whatmusteverylargegrouphavebeforearrival?A.Agroupleader. B.Afixedgroupsize.C.AreservationatBridgeBay. D.Aneducationalbackground.23.WhatcanweknowaboutFishingBridgeRVPark?A.Hardsidedvehiclesandtentsarebothallowed.B.Dumpstationsstayopeninbelowfreezingweather.C.RVconnectionstowaterandelectricityareprovided.D.RVscanbedeliveredandcollectedinoroutsidethepark.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍黄石国家公园露营地预订须知、各营地信息、团体营地规则及房车露营相关要求。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中2026Dates列含五月、且有Payshowers和Toilets标识的营地为TowerFall可知，五月份配有淋浴和厕所的露营地是TowerFall，每晚的费用是$30。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“AboutGroupSites”部分中的“e.g.psitesarefoundatBridgeBay,GrantVillage,andMadisoncampgroundsforlargegroupswithaleaderwhoisofficiallyresponsibleforthegroup(e.g.educationalgroups).(BridgeBay、GrantVillage和Madison营地设有团体营地，供有正式负责人带领的大型团体使用，如教育团体)”可知，大型团体抵达前必须有一位团体负责人。故选A项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“AboutRVs”部分中的“FishingBridgeRVParkistheonlycampgroundofferingwater,sewers(排污管),andelectricalhookups,anditisforhardsidedvehicles(车辆)only.(FishingBridge房车公园是园内唯一提供供水、排污管道和电力接口的露营地，且该营地仅对硬壳式房车开放)”可知，该营地为房车提供供水和供电的连接设施。故选C项。BFromthe“SultanofSwat”tothe“ColossusofClout,”nobaseballplayerhasbeengivenmoreeyecatchingnamesthanBabeRuth.Butthere’sonenameforthelegendaryBabeyoumightnotknow:cancer(癌症)pioneer.Ruth,borninFebruary1895,wasthewidelyknownkingofbaseballbyhis30thbirthday.By1925,hehadwonfourWorldSeriesandestablishedhimselfasthesport’smostfearsomehitter.Buthewasalsofamousasaheavyeaterwhenhewasn’tonthefield.OnApril7,1925,onthewaytoagame,Ruthtoldteammateshefeltunwellandpassedout.Laterhehadoperationstoremoveonepartofhisintestine(肠道).Lessthanadecadelater,Ruthfoundhimselfbackatthehospitalinanevenmoreterriblesituationandwastoldhehadcancer.Laterthatyear,doctorssuggestedthatRuthtakepartinamedicaltestforanexperimentaldrug(药物),whichhadonlybeentestedonmice.Ruth,whodidn’twanttoknowwhatdrughewasreceivingorwhy,agreed,makinghimoneofthefirstpatientsanywheretoreceivethespecialtreatment.EventhoughRuthonlylivedanotheryear,themethoddidlengthenhislife,whichwasregardedamilestoneinmedicine.By1998,40percentofpatientswiththesamekindofcancerthatRuthdeveloped,hadasurvivalrateoffiveormoreyears.ThankstoRuthandotherpatientsinthestudy,treatmentsaremuchmoreeffectiveandspecifictoday.“Irealizedthatifanythingwaslearnedaboutthattypeoftreatment,whethergoodorbad,”Ruthwroteinhisbook,“itwouldbeofuseinthefuturetothemedicalprofessionandmaybetoalotofpeoplewithmysametrouble.”24.WhatdoRuth’smanytitlesshow?A.Hisprofessionalstruggles. B.Hispersonalexperience.C.Hiswidespreadpopularity. D.Hismedicalcontributions.25.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutRuth’shealthproblemin1925?A.Itledtohiscancerbattle. B.Itwasrelatedtohiseatinghabits.C.Itwassolvedbyanoperation. D.Itresultedfromthegamestress.26.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecancertreatmentRuthgot?A.Itwaswidelyusedonhumans.B.Itwasforceduponhimagainsthiswill.C.Itlengthenedhislifebyoverfiveyears.D.Itmadeadifferencetolatercancerpatients.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBabeRuth?A.Selflessandbrave. B.Patientandhelpful.C.Giftedanddetermined. D.Hopefulandconfident.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了棒球传奇人物贝比・鲁斯不仅在棒球领域成就斐然，还因罹患癌症成为实验性抗癌药物的早期受试者，其参与的试验成为医学里程碑，为后续癌症治疗发展作出重要贡献的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。文章第一段“Fromthe‘‘SultanofSwat’’tothe‘‘ColossusofClout,’’nobaseballplayerhasbeengivenmoreeyecatchingnamesthanBabeRuth.(从“重击苏丹”到“力量巨擘”，没有哪一位棒球运动员能比贝比・鲁斯拥有如此多亮眼的称号。)”及第二段“Ruth,borninFebruary1895,

wasthewidelyknownkingofbaseballbyhis30thbirthday.(鲁斯出生于1895年2月在30岁时，就已是享誉盛名的棒球之王。)”可知，Ruth的诸多头衔如都是棒球领域对他的赞誉，说明他在棒球界的知名度极高，受到广泛认可和欢迎。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。文章第三段“1925...wasalsofamousasaheavyeaterwhenhewasn’tonthefield.OnApril7,1925...hefeltunwellandpassedout.Laterhehadoperationstoremoveonepartofhisintestine.(但赛场之外，他也因暴饮暴食出了名。1925年4月7日，他突感身体不适并晕厥过去，之后接受了手术，切除了部分肠道。)”，作者在讲述1925年鲁斯的健康问题前，先提到他暴饮暴食，通过句式衔接暗示二者存在关联。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。文章第五段“EventhoughRuthonlylivedanotheryear,themethoddidlengthenhislife,whichwasregardedamilestoneinmedicine.By1998,40percentofpatientswiththesamekindofcancerthatRuthdeveloped,hadasurvivalrateoffiveormoreyears.(尽管鲁斯只又活了一年，但这种疗法确实延长了他的生命，这在医学上被视为一个里程碑。到1998年，患有与鲁斯所患同种癌症的患者中，有40%的人存活了五年或更长时间。)”和第六段“ThankstoRuthandotherpatientsinthestudy,treatmentsaremuchmoreeffectiveandspecifictoday.(多亏了鲁斯以及参与这项研究的其他患者，如今针对这类癌症的治疗方法变得更加有效、更具针对性。)”可知，鲁斯接受的实验性治疗成为医学里程碑，且正因他和其他受试者的参与，如今的癌症治疗更有效、更具针对性，同类癌症患者的存活率也大幅提升，由此可推断该治疗对后来的癌症患者产生了重要影响。故选D项。27题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Laterthatyear,doctorssuggestedthatRuthtakepartinamedicaltestforanexperimentaldrug,whichhadonlybeentestedonmice.Ruth,whodidn’twanttoknowwhatdrughewasreceivingorwhy,agreed,makinghimoneofthefirstpatientsanywheretoreceivethespecialtreatment.(那年晚些时候，医生建议鲁斯参与一款实验性药物的临床试验，这款药物彼时仅在小鼠身上做过测试。鲁斯并未追问自己将接受何种药物治疗，也未探究背后缘由，便欣然同意了，这也让他成为全球首批接受该特殊疗法的患者之一。)”可知，鲁斯首批进行人体试验，他是勇敢的；根据最后一段“itwouldbeofuseinthefuturetothemedicalprofessionandmaybetoalotofpeoplewithmysametrouble.(这对未来医疗行业会有所帮助，或许对很多跟我有同样困扰的人也会有用。)”可知，他想要通过在自身试验造福人类，这是无私的。故选A。CMosquitoes(蚊子)arefoundalmosteverywhereintheworld,withionofAntarcticaandIceland,duetotheirextremecold.Butthatmaybechanging.Thisweek,threemosquitoeswerediscoveredinIcelandwhosefrozen,extremecoldwintershavelongprotecteditfrommosquitoes—markingthecountry’sfirstdocumentedfindingoftheseinsectsinthewild.Asinglemosquitofromadifferentspecieswasdiscoveredmanyyearsagoonanairplaneatthecountry’sKeflavikInternationalAirport.ButthisisthefirstrecordofmosquitoesappearinginthenaturalenvironmentinIceland.ThesethreeinsectsarenativetoahugepartoftheEasternHemisphere,varyingfromNorthAfricatonorthernSiberia.Itappearswelladaptedtocolderclimates,mainlybecauseadultscanrideoutthecoldinshelteredplaces,whichallowsthemtostandlong,coldwinterswhentemperaturesdropbelowfreezing.It’sunclearhowthemosquitoesarrivedinIceland,butguessesincludethepossibilitythatitcamethroughshipments.FurtherobservationwillbeneededinthespringtoseewhetherthespeciescansurvivethewinterandtrulybeeestablishedinIceland.Mosquitoes,whichtendtothrive(繁盛)inwarmthandwetness,arelikelytobeoneofthefewrealwinnersastheplanetheatsup.Asclimatechangeadvances,bringingmoreheat,stormsandfloods,thehabitatofthesediseasecarryinginsectsisincreasing.Risingtemperaturesalsoallowmosquitoestogrowfasterandlivelonger.Icelandisnostrangertotheeffectsofclimatechangeandhasexperiencedrecordbreakingheat.InMay,temperaturesinpartsofthecountryweremorethan18°Fhigherthanusual.Thisextremeheatwasmade40timesmorelikelybyclimatechange.ButtherearestillalotofunknownsabouthowmosquitoesareactingastheworldwarmsandexpertsadviseagainstdirectlyconnectingIceland’sdiscoverywithglobalwarming.28.Howdoesthewriterdevelopparagraph1?A.Byprovingafact. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bymakingacontrast. D.Bypresentingadiscovery.29.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthemosquitoesinIceland?A.Theywerefoundinthewild. B.TheywerethefirstinIceland.C.TheywerefromNorthAfrica. D.Theywereofdifferentspecies.30.AfterthemosquitoesappearedinIceland,researcherswillnextfocusontheir________.A.arrivalreason B.habitatpreferenceC.survivaloute D.populationcontrol31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefor?A.Mosquitoes’JourneytoIceland B.MosquitoesMakeHistoryinIcelandC.TheThreatofMosquitoesinIceland D.WarmingBringsMosquitoestoIceland【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍冰岛首次在野外发现蚊子的新发现，及该发现背后的相关背景和气候关联问题。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thisweek,threemosquitoeswerediscoveredinIcelandwhosefrozen,extremecoldwintershavelongprotecteditfrommosquitoes—markingthecountry’sfirstdocumentedfindingoftheseinsectsinthewild.(本周，冰岛发现了三只蚊子——这个国家素来凭借冰封酷寒的冬季抵御蚊子侵扰，而此次发现也是冰岛首次有文献记载在野外发现这类昆虫)”可知，作者通过提出这一全新的发现展开第一段内容。故选D项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ButthisisthefirstrecordofmosquitoesappearinginthenaturalenvironmentinIceland.(但这是蚊子出现在冰岛自然环境中的首次记录)”可知，此次在冰岛发现的蚊子是在野外被找到的。故选A项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“FurtherobservationwillbeneededinthespringtoseewhetherthespeciescansurvivethewinterandtrulybeeestablishedinIceland.(明年春天还需要进一步观察，看看该物种能否熬过冬天，并真正在冰岛定居)”可知，蚊子出现在冰岛后，研究人员接下来会关注它们能否熬过冬天，成功存活。故选C项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章核心围绕冰岛首次在野外发现蚊子这一具有标志性的事件展开，介绍了该发现的特殊性、蚊子的相关特征、可能的传播途径及背后的气候相关问题，“创造历史”能精准体现这一首次野外发现的标志性意义。B选项“蚊子在冰岛创造历史”可作为标题。故选B项。DMostadultscannotremembereventsfromearlychildhood,aphenomenon(现象)knownasinfantileamnesia.Thisistruewhetheryouaskacollegestudentoragrandparent,suggestingadults’lackofinfant(婴儿)memoriesisnotjusttheresultofnormalforgettingthathappenswiththepassageoftime.Therearetwopossibleexplanationsforthis.Oneisthatthehippocampus,abrainareaimportantformemory,istoounderdevelopedininfantstostorelongtermmemories.Anotheristhattheinfantbraincanstorememories,butwefinallycannotreachthem.Recentstudiesinmiceshowthatthehippocampusnotonlycanstorememoriesearlyinlifebutmaykeepthemintoadulthood.Butwhatabouthumans?AresearchteamconductedfMRIstudieswithinfantswhowerewideawake—amethodnottriedbeforebecauseitishardtostudybabieswhomovealotandarehardtostayfocused.Sincememoryformationdependsonwakefulexperiences,throughover400triesandalotofhelpfromfamilies,theteamdevelopednewwaystokeepinfantscalmandinterested.Inonekeytest,infantswereshownphotographsoffaces,objectsandsettingsoneatatimeduringfMRIscanning.Soonafter,theirmemorywascheckedbyshowingeachoftheseknownphotographsnexttoanewimageofthesamekind.Wheninfantslookedlongerattheearlierseenphotograph,researcherslabeled(标记)itasremembered;oritwasconsideredforgotten.Resultsshowedgreaterhippocampalactivitywheninfantssawimagestheyremembered,especiallyinthoseover12monthsold.Theseresultssuggestthattheinfanthippocampuscanformmemoriesfromshortexperiences.Thesefindingssupportthatearlymemoriesarestoredbutbeehardtoreach.Importantquestionsremain:Howlongdothesememoriesstay?Couldearliermemoriesbefoundagain?Answeringthesecouldsolvealongstandingscientificproblemandhelpunderstandlanguagelearning,developmentaldisorders,andmemoryloss.What’syourearliestmemory?Earlieronesmaystayhiddeninyourbrain.32.Whatdotheunderlinedwordsinparagraph1referto?A.Memorychangewithage. B.Lackofinfantmemories.C.Normalforgettingovertime. D.Unwillingnesstorememberevents.33.WhatisthechallengeinusingfMRItostudyinfants’memory?A.Gettingenoughfamilyhelp. B.Applyingabrandnewtechnology.C.Understandingmemoryformation. D.Keepingtheattentionofwakefulinfants.34.Whatdidthekeytestfindaboutinfants’memory?A.Memoryimprovesgreatlyafteragetwo.B.Memoriesfrombabyhoodcanlastforyears.C.Infantslooklongeratwhatthey’veforgotten.D.Infantsstorememoriestheylaterfailtogetback.35.Whyaretheimportantquestionsmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toguidefurtherstudies. B.Toraisepublicconcerns.C.Todoubtresearchmethods. D.Toprovidepossiblesolutions.【答案】32.B33.D34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了婴儿期遗忘症现象，并通过实验探究人类婴儿海马体的记忆储存能力及相关研究发现。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Mostadultscannotremembereventsfromearlychildhood,aphenomenonknownasinfantileamnesia.Thisistruewhetheryouaskacollegestudentoragrandparent,suggestingadults’lackofinfantmemoriesisnotjusttheresultofnormalforgettingthathappenswiththepassageoftime.(大多数成年人记不起童年早期的事情，这种现象被称为infantileamnesia。无论你问大学生还是祖父母，情况都是如此，这表明成年人对婴儿时期记忆的缺失并非仅仅是随着时间推移而产生的正常遗忘的结果)”可知，划线词组infantileamnesia指的是“成年人记不起婴儿时期的事情”，即成年人对婴儿时期记忆的缺失。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AresearchteamconductedfMRIstudieswithinfantswhowerewideawake—amethodnottriedbeforebecauseitishardtostudybabieswhomovealotandarehardtostayfocused.(一个研究小组对完全清醒的婴儿进行了功能磁共振成像研究——这种方法以前从未尝试过，因为研究好动且难以集中注意力的婴儿并不容易)”可知，使用功能磁共振成像研究婴儿记忆的难点在于让清醒的婴儿保持注意力。故选D项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Resultsshowedgreaterhippocampalactivitywheninfantssawimagestheyremembered,especiallyinthoseover12monthsold.Theseresultssuggestthattheinfanthippocampuscanformmemoriesfromshortexperiences.(结果显示，当婴儿看到自己记得的图像时，海马体的活动会更活跃，尤其是12个月以上的婴儿。这些结果表明，婴儿的海马体能够从短暂的经历中形成记忆)”以及第五段中的“Thesefindingssupportthatearlymemoriesarestoredbutbeehardtoreach.(这些发现证实，早期的记忆被储存了起来，但却难以被提取)”可知，这项关键测试发现婴儿会储存下那些后来无法提取的记忆。故选D项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Importantquestionsremain:Howlongdothesememoriesstay?Couldearliermemoriesbefoundagain?Answeringthesecouldsolvealongstandingscientificproblemandhelpunderstandlanguagelearning,developmentaldisorders,andmemoryloss.(仍有一些重要的问题有待解答：这些记忆能留存多久？早期的记忆能否被重新找回？解答这些问题可以解决一个长期存在的科学难题，并有助于理解语言学习、发育障碍和记忆丧失等问题)”可推知，作者在最后一段提出这些重要问题，是为了为后续的相关研究指明方向，引导进一步的探索。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Floodscanstrikequicklyandwithlittlewarninginmanypartsoftheworld.____36____Hereisasimpleguidetokeepyouandyourfamilysafe.Makeafloodsurvivalplan.____37____Thisplanshouldincludecontactinformationandmeetingpoints.Pickseveralmeetingspotsincaseyouneedtoleavehome,suchasashelterinyourarea.Makesureeveryoneknowswheretheselocationsareandhowtogettheresafely.Prepareanemergencykit.Getreadyakitthatincludesbasicnecessities.____38____Packatleastthreegallonsofwaterperpersonsoeveryonecandrinkagallonaday.Also,remembertoincludeafirstaidkit,anyspecialmedicationsyourfamilyneeds,warmclothing,andpersonalidentificationdocumentsstoredinawaterproof(防水的)bag.____39____Somepeoplethinktheycanrideouttheflood,butkeepyourselfsafebytakingproperaction.Whenyouareinacar,youneedtomovetohighergroundimmediately.Pleaseavoidcrossingthroughfloodwaters.Evenwateruptoyourankles(脚踝)canbedangerous.Youcan’tseehowdeepthewateristherestoftheway.Follownewsandwarnings.Onceyouaresafe,donotreturnhomeuntiltheauthoritiessayitissafetodoso.Inaddition,listenfortheauthoritiestosaythatwaterfromthemunitywatersupplyissafetodrink.____40____A.Escapefloodwaters.B.Moveyourcartoasafeplace.C.Thiswillhelppreventillnessandfurtherdamage.D.Checkyourfoodsuppliesregularlyandreplacebadones.E.Survivingaflooddependsonyourpreparationandaction.F.Agoodkitshouldhavethreedayfoodandwaterforeveryone.G.Youcansitdownwithyourfamilytoworkoutaplanofaction.【答案】36.E37.G38.F39.A40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“如何在洪水中保障自身和家人的安全”展开，从制定洪水求生计划、准备应急包、躲避洪水、关注新闻预警四个方面，给出了简单且实用的避险指南，核心强调洪水避险的准备与行动的重要性。【36题详解】根据上文“Floodscanstrikequicklyandwithlittlewarninginmanypartsoftheworld.(在世界许多地区，洪水可能会突然来袭，且几乎没有预警)”以及下文“Hereisasimpleguidetokeepyouandyourfamilysafe.(以下是一份保障你和家人安全的简易指南)”可知，空格处需要承上启下，点明洪水避险的核心关键，衔接后文的具体指南。E选项“Survivingaflooddependsonyourpreparationandaction.(能否在洪水中幸存，取决于你的准备和行动)”精准契合语境，既承接了洪水突发的特点，又引出后文的具体准备和行动方法，符合要求。故选E项。【37题详解】根据本段小标题“Makeafloodsurvivalplan.(制定洪水求生计划)”以及下文“Thisplanshouldincludecontactinformationandmeetingpoints.(这份计划应包含联系方式和集合地点)”可知，空格处需要说明具体如何制定该计划，贴合“制定计划”的主题。G选项“Youcansitdownwithyourfamilytoworkoutaplanofaction.(你可以和家人一起坐下来，制定一份行动计划)”中的“workoutaplanofaction”与小标题的“Makeafloodsurvivalplan”相呼应，且引出下文计划的具体内容，符合语境。故选G项。【38题详解】根据本段小标题“Prepareanemergencykit.(准备应急包)”以及上文“Getreadyakitthatincludesbasicnecessities.(准备一个包含生活必需品的应急包)”、下文“Packatleastthreegallonsofwaterperpersonsoeveryonecandrinkagallonaday.(为每人准备至少三加仑的水，确保每人每天能喝一加仑)”可知，空格处需要具体说明应急包中应包含的食物和水等基础物资，衔接上下文。F选项“Agoodkitshouldhavethreedayfoodandwaterforeveryone.(一个合格的应急包应为每个人准备够三天的食物和水)”紧扣“应急包”主题，既承接前文的“生活必需品”，又为后文的备水细节做铺垫，符合语境。故选F项。【39题详解】此处为段落小标题，需概括本段核心内容。根据下文“Somepeoplethinktheycanrideouttheflood,butkeepyourselfsafebytakingproperaction.Whenyouareinacar,youneedtomovetohighergroundimmediately.Pleaseavoidcrossingthroughfloodwaters.(有些人认为可以熬过去，但要采取恰当行动保证自身安全。在车里时，需立即前往高地，切勿涉水)”可知，本段核心讲述遭遇洪水时如何躲避、远离洪水区域，保障自身安全。A选项“Escapefloodwaters.(躲避洪水)”精准概括本段主旨，统领全段内容，符合小标题要求。故选A项。【40题详解】根据上文“Onceyouaresafe,donotreturnhomeuntiltheauthoritiessayitissafetodoso.Inaddition,listenfortheauthoritiestosaythatwaterfromthemunitywatersupplyissafetodrink.(一旦安全，需等官方通知后方可回家。此外，要等待官方告知市政供水可安全饮用后再饮用)”可知，空格处需要说明遵循上述这些预警要求的作用和意义。C选项“Thiswillhelppreventillnessandfurtherdamage.(这将有助于预防疾病和进一步的损失)”中的“This”指代前文遵循官方预警、不贸然回家、不随意饮用自来水的行为，点明这些做法的积极作用，符合语境。故选C项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AsanewertoAustralia,Icouldn’twaittoexploreitswilderness.Havingenjoyedoutdoor____41____inAfrica,IplannedabiketripalongtheMundaBiddiTrail(小径)duringsummer,____42____ofremeheat.Ibeganmyjourney____43____.MywifedroppedmeoffinCollie,andIstartedridingtowardthefirstshelter.Thetemperaturewas____44____,