研究生英语综合教程(下)Unit-2

高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（下）INTEGRATEDCOURSE12SportsinSociety

Unit2

2Content

Startingout

ReadingFocus

ReadingMore

PracticalTranslation

FocusedWriting

FinalProject3Task1TakethequizonPage32andlearnmoreaboutsports.Startingout41.InwhatyearwerewomenfirstallowedtocompeteintheOlympicGames?A.1800.B.1850.C.1900.Startingout—Task1Key:C52.Wherewasthe2006WorldCupheld?A.InGermany.B.InSouthAfrica.C.InFrance.Startingout—Task1Key:A63.WhatarethethreemostpopularsportsintheUnitedStates?A.Football,baseball,andbasketball.B.Football,soccer,andbasketball.C.Football,hockey,andbasketball.Startingout—Task1Key:A7大家应该也有点累了，稍作休息大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流84.WhatdoesAFCstandfor?Startingout—Task1Key:AmericanFootballConference95.WhatisthechampionshipgameofprofessionalUSfootball?A.TheSuperBowl.B.TheBigBowl.C.TheGreatBowl.Startingout—Task1Key:A106.Whatwasthefirstsportseventtobetelecastlive?A.The1972NBAfinals.B.The1936BerlinOlympics.C.The1962WorldCup.Startingout—Task1Key:B117.WhichsportisgovernedbyasetofrulesknownastheQueensberryrules?A.Boxing.B.Cricket.C.Shooting.Startingout—Task1Key:A128.Whichofthefollowingisessentiallyanindoorsport?A.Cricket.B.Gymnastics.C.Golf.Startingout—Task1Key:B139.Inwhichcountrywasgolffirstplayed?A.Scotland.B.France.C.Thailand.Startingout—Task1Key:A1410.Fromwhatwoodarecricketbatsusuallymade?A.Maple.B.Willow.C.Pine.Startingout—Task1Key:B1511.Whichsportiscalled“thesportofkings”?A.Golf.B.Horseracing.C.Surfing.Startingout—Task1Key:B1612.WhenwasasafetycarfirstusedinFormula1?A.In1993.B.In1985.C.In1973.Startingout—Task1Key:C17Task2Lookatthesenewspaperheadlines.Discussinpairswhatyouwouldexpecttoreadinthestoriesthataccompanythem.

(P33)

Startingout—Task218Startingout—Task2EricCantona,theManchesterUnitedstriker,willprobablybesuspendedfortherestoftheseasonafterheattackedaspectatorduringthematchagainstCrystalPalaceatSelhurstParklastnight.TheincidenthappenedmomentsafterCantonahadbeensentoffforkickinganotherplayer,hissixthsend-offin16months.Ashewalkedoffthefield,aspectatorwasseenrunningdownagangwayfromsome20rowsback,apparentlytoshoutabuseatCantona,whosuddenlyturned,jumpedoverthewallandkickedoutattheman,andthenpunchedhim.19Startingout—Task220Startingout—Task2AColombianfootballerwasshotdeadyesterdaybyangryfanswhoblamedhimfortheirside’searlyexitfromtheWorldCup.AndresEscobar,adefenderwhoscoredanowngoalduringhisside’sdefeatbytheUnitedStatesteam,wasconfrontedbyagroupofmenasheleftarestaurantinMedellin,200kilometersfromBogota.Afteranargumentabouthispoorperformance,theyfired12bullets.OneofthegunmenisreportedtohavesaidtoEscobarbeforetheshooting,“Thankyoufortheowngoal.”21Startingout—Task2TheWimbledonChampionshipswillofferwomenandmenequalprizemoneyatthisyear’stournamentforthefirsttime.TheannouncementbytheAllEnglandClubbringsthetournamentintolinewithotherGrandSlams,followingcriticismfromofficialsandplayers.WimbledonjoinstheUnitedStatesandAustraliainpayingequalmoneytowomenandmenacrosstheboard,fromthechampionsdowntothefirst-roundlosersinallevents.TheFrenchOpenoffersthesamecheckonlytothechampions.22Task3Lookatthefollowingcartoonscarefully,anddiscussingroupsthemessageineachcartoon.(P33)

Startingout—Task323

Startingout—Task324

Startingout—Task325Startingout—Task326Startingout—Task327BigSports,BigCostWorldsportingeventssuchastheOlympicsandWorldCuprequirebillionsofdollarsofinvestmentandyearsofplanning.Butdotheinvestmentspayoff,helpingthelocalornationaleconomy?Nowwatchthevideoandthenfinishtheblank-fillingexercise.StartingoutClickthepicture28

WorldsportingeventssuchastheOlympicsandWorldCupattracthoardsof__________,bringing__________________,jobs,moneyforbusinessesand

___________forlocalgovernment.Countriescompetehardtoholdsuchevents.Butanalystssaythatthesesportingeventsarenotusuallylikelytobea

__________tothehostcountry.FariborzGhadarofPennsylvaniaStateUniversitypointsoutthathostcitiesofasportingeventtendto

__________thebenefitwhile_______________boththecostsofactuallyrunningtheoperationandthecostsofbuildingthe

____________fortheevent.GeorgeMasonUniversity’sTonySamarasaysthatitisnotoftenclearhowhostcitiescalculaterevenuesfrommajorsportingevents,becausebookkeepingcan________fromonecitytothenext.Ghadaralsonotesthatthecostof___________isamajorissuethatcanoffsetfinancialgainsaneventmightbring.

spectatorsconstructionprojectstaxrevenuesnetbenefitexaggerateStartingoutunderestimatinginfrastructurevary29CommercializationandChangesinSportsReadingFocus30

GlobalUnderstanding

2DetailedInformation3CriticalThinking4LanguagePoints5ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction6BackgroundInformation131Aswellasbeingaformofrecreationfortheparticipants,muchsportisplayedinfrontofanaudience.Mostprofessionalsportisplayedina“theater”ofsomekind,beitastadium,arena,golfcourse,racetrack,ortheopenroad,withprovisionforthe(oftenpaying)public.Largetelevisionorradioaudiencesarealsocommonlyattracted,withrivalbroadcastersbiddinglargeamountsofmoneyforthe“rights”toshowcertainfixtures.ThefootballWorldCupattractsaglobaltelevisionaudienceofhundredsofmillions;the2006Finalaloneattractedanestimatedworldwideaudienceofwellover700million.IntheUnitedStates,thechampionshipgameoftheNFL,theSuperBowl,hasbecomeoneofthemostwatchedtelevisionbroadcastsoftheyear.SuperBowlSundayisadefactonationalholidayinAmerica;theviewershipbeingsogreatthatin2007advertisingspacewasreportedasbeingsoldat$2.6millionfora30-secondslot.BackgroundInformation32ReadingFocus

–GlobalUnderstanding1Introduction2Threefactorsthatinfluencespectators’attachmenttosports3Changesinsportsassociatedwithcommercialization(Para.1)(Para.2)(Paras.3-9)33IntroductionSportshavebecome________________.ReadingFocus

–GlobalUnderstandingcommercializedThreefactorsthatinfluencespectators’attachmenttosportsSpectatorsareattractedby:A.__________________________________________________B.Theriskorfinancialrewardsassociatedwithparticipatinginanevent.C.__________________________________________________Theuncertaintyofanevent’soutcome.Theanticipateddisplayofexcellenceorheroicsbytheathletes.34ChangesinsportsassociatedwithcommercializationA.Changesintheformatandgoalsofsports.Sportshave__________theirbasicformatandgoals.e.g.________________________________________________

________________________________________________B.Changesintheorientationsofpeopleinvolvedinsports.a.Withouttechnicalknowledgeaboutasport,spectatorsareimpressedmoreby_________________thanbyathleticskillsandstrategiesusedbyplayersandcoaches.e.g._________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________

ThebasicstructureofeachOlympicsporthasremained

muchthesameasitwasbefore.dramaticexpressionReadingFocus

–GlobalUnderstandingmaintainedThosewholacktechnicalknowledgeabouticeskatingaremoreentertainedbytripleandquadruplejumpsthanbysmoothandflawlessroutines.35b.Sportparticipantstendtoemphasize_______________over

aestheticorientations.C.Changesinsportorganizations.Thecontrolofsportorganizationsshiftsfurtherandfurtherawayfrom__________.Theirdecisionsgenerallyreflectthecombinedeconomicinterestsofmanypeople,butathletesarecutoutof__________________________________________________________________________________________________________ReadingFocus

–GlobalUnderstandingheroicorientationstheplayersdecision-makingprocessesevenwhendecisionsaffecttheirhealthandwell-being36Task2Readthefollowingstatementsanddecidewhethertheyaretrueorfalse

accordingtothetext.Put

“T”beforeatruestatementand“F”beforeafalseone.

(P39)

Key:2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10TTTFTFTFFTReadingFocus

–DetailedInformation37CriticalThinkingReadingFocus38Readthefollowingsentencesfromthetext.Interpretthesentencesanddiscusswithyourpartnerwhetheryouagreewiththeauthorornot.Givespecificexamplestosupportyouropinions.1.Commercializationhasnothadadramaticeffectontheformatsandgoalsofmostsports.ReadingFocus—CriticalThinking2.Astheneedtopleasenaïveaudiencesbecomesgreater,sodoestheemphasisonheroicorientations.39Discussingroupsthefollowingquestions.1.Arethereanyotherthingsaffectedbycommercializationinthesamewayassports?Givespecificexamplestosupportyouropinions.ReadingFocus—CriticalThinking2.Manypeoplefeelthatathletesarepaidtoomuch.Howdoyoufeelaboutthisissue?401.

Funand“goodgames”arenowdefinedintermsofgatereceipts,concessionsrevenues,thesaleofmediarights,marketshares,ratingpoints,andadvertisingpotential.(Para.1)intermsof:asregards,expressedas在方面；以某说法来表达

e.g.1)It'samistaketothinkofFloridaonlyintermsofits

touristattractions.

2)

I’dratherthinkofit__________________________

(从投资的角度).

ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

intermsofaninvestment41

concession:

1)

somethingthatyouallowsomeonetohaveinordertoendanargumentoradisagreement

妥协，让步e.g.

Bothsidesmadevariousconcessions,butneitherwould

backdownonthecrucialpoints.2)

aspecialrightthataparticularpersonorgroupofpeopleisallowedtohave,forexamplebythegovernmentoranemployer,ortheactofgivingorallowingsomethingasaright

（政府或雇主等许可的）特权；特许权e.g.theimport/exportconcessionsthathadbeengrantedto

theisland

翻译：今天，乐趣和“好比赛”的定义取决于门票收入、特许权收入、媒体传播权的出售、市场份额、收视率以及广告潜力。ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

422.Weknowthatwheneveranysportisconverted

intocommercialentertainment,itssuccess

dependsonspectatorappeal.(Para.2)

converted

into:1)change(something)fromoneformorusetoanother转变，转换e.g.

Theyconvertedthesparebedroomintoanoffice.2)(persuadesomeoneto)changetoadifferentreligion(使某人)改变宗教信仰

e.g.EuropeanmissionariesconvertedthousandstoChristianity.

翻译：

我们知道，每当任何一项体育运动被转化为商业性娱乐活动时，它的成功就依赖于观众的兴趣。ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

433.Tomakemoneyonasport,it’snecessarytoattract

amassaudiencetobuyticketsorwatchtheeventsontelevision.(Para.4)

“mass”isusedhereasanadjective,meaning“involvingorintendedforaverylargenumberofpeople”.e.g.1)大众传媒____________

2)大规模杀伤性武器________________________

3)大规模生产_______________

4)大规模抗议活动______________5)大众营销______________

ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

massmediaweaponsofmassdestructionmassproductionmassmarketing444.Similarly,thosewhoknow

littleaboutthetechnicalaspectsoficeskatingaremore

entertainedbytripleandquadruplejumpsthanbyroutines

carefullychoreographedandpracticeduntiltheyaresmooth

and

flawless.(Para.5)

Theprefix“tri-”in“triple”means“threetimes”andtheprefix“quadr-”in“quadruple”means“fourorfourtimes”.ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

1.one:

拉丁前缀uni-:unique独一无二的uniform制服

希腊前缀mono-：monologue独白

2.two:

拉丁前缀bi-：bilingual双语的

bilateral双边

希腊前缀di-：dioxide二氧化物

disyllable双音节词

3.three:

拉丁前缀tri-：triangle三角形

tricycle三轮车

4.four:

拉丁前缀quadr-：quadrangle四边形

quadruple四倍

希腊前缀tetra-：tetragon四边形

tetrahedron四面体

5.five:

拉丁前缀quint-：quintuple五倍

quintet五重奏

希腊前缀pent-：pentagon五角大楼

pentathlon五项全能

45routinen.1)

theusualorderinwhichyoudothings,orthethingsyouregularlydo常规

e.g.Officialsattheexchangesaidyesterdaythatitscurrent

investigationwasamatterofroutine.

交易所的官员昨日表明，目前的调查只是例行公事。

2)asetofmovements,jokesetcthatformpartofaperformance

舞蹈等表演的成套动作

e.g.adanceroutine一套舞蹈动作

routineadj.e.g.常规手术________________定期保养_________________

例行手续________________

ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

routineoperationroutinemaintenanceroutineprocedure465.Theywanttoseeathletes

occasionallycollapseastheysurpassphysicallimits,notathleteswho

knowtheirlimitssowelltheycansuccessfullycompeteforyearswithoutgoingbeyond

them.(Para.5)

Trytofigureoutdifferentmeaningsof“collapse”ineachofthefollowingsentences.

1)Minuteslaterthesecondtowercollapsed.

2)Hecollapsedwithaheartattackwhilehewasdancing.

3)Ithoughtthatwithoutmethewholeprojectwouldcollapse.4)Sharepricescollapsedafternewsofpoortradingfigures.交投

数额不佳使股票价格暴跌。

(ofabuilding)falldownReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

(ofaperson)falldownbecauseofillness,tiredness,etc.

(ofasystem,ideaororganization)fail

(ofprices,level,etc.)suddenlybecomemuchlower476.Astheneedtopleasenaïveaudiencesbecomesgreater,sodoestheemphasisonheroic

orientations.

(Para.7)

Thissentencemeansthatastheneedtopleasenaïveaudiencesgrows,increasinglymoreemphasisisplacedonheroicorientationsofathletes.翻译：取悦无知观众的需求越强烈，就越会强调英雄主义取向。

ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

48ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

raisesdifficultethicalquestions49Distinguishbetweenethicandethnic:ethicethicalethnic1)Only19percentoftherespondentsgavelawyershighmarksformaintaininghonestand__________standards.2)Tome,somuchofitcomesbacktothework__________andcommitment.3)Employerscannotdiscriminateonthebasisofracialor_______background.ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

ethicalethicethnic508.Theseconditionscomeunderthecontrolofgeneralmanagers,teamowners,corporatesponsors,advertisers,mediapersonnel,marketingandpublicitystaff,professionalmanagementstaff,accountants,andagents.(Para.8)

ReadingFocus

–LanguagePoint

publicity:

n.1)theattentionthatsomeoneorsomethinggetsfromnewspapers,televisionetc公众的注意

e.g.Standardsineducationhavereceivedmuchpublicityoverthe

lastfewyears.2)thebusinessofmakingsurethatpeopleknowaboutanewproduct,filmetcorwhataparticularfamouspersonisdoing宣传，广告

e.g.Thepublicityforthebookwaspoorandsaleswerelow.

该书宣传工作没有做好，所以销量不大。近几年来，教育标准得到了公众的大量关注。51Task1Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriateformofthewordgivenandexplainitsmeaning.

(P.41)ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

attachedentertainingentertainmentattachment1.entertainA.Frankieisknownthroughoutthe_____________businessas

anenergeticperformer.B.Children’sTVprogramsnowadaysaremuchmore

_____________thantheyusedtobe.2.attachA.Regularbabysitterscanbecomedeeply__________tothe

childrentheytakecareof.B.WhenIwasdoinganEnglishcourseinBrighton,Iformeda

strong____________totheotherstudentsinmyclass.523.historyA.Thefilmdoesn’ttrytobe___________accurate,butitisbasedlooselyonrealeventsandpeople.B.Inhisbook,Churchilldescribesthat________firstmeetingwithRoosevelt.4.innovateA.Whenitwasfirstintroduced,theelectriccarwasdescribedasone

ofthe10most___________productsoftheyear.B.___________ininformationtechnologyhavecompletelytransformedthewaystudentswork.5.flawA.Eachpartyrejectedtheother’sapproach,sayingitwas_______.B.IhadthoughtthathewasanativeChinesebecausehespokein__________Chinese.ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

Innovationsinnovativehistoricallyflawedhistoricflawless536.controversyA.Therehasbeenahuge___________overwheretoputthecity’s

newsportsstadiumandwhoshouldbuildit.B.Hewroteavery___________book,butIthinkhehasregretteditsince.7.reviseA.Hegavehisworktohisfriendto______,becausehefoundit

hardtoseehisownmistakes.B.Thebookwentthroughseveral_________beforethepublisher

wasfinallysatisfiedwithit.8.commentateA.The___________ontheOlympicGameswasmuchbetteron

theotherchannel.B.Afterretiring,hebecamearadio___________oncricketand

rugby,andalsowroteaboutbothsportsforSundaynewspapers.ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

revisionsrevisecontroversycommentarycontroversialcommentator549.restrictA.However,thecompanyhasahighly_________policywhich

makessuchdevelopmentdifficult.B.Increasingly,campaignersaredemandingthatcountriesimpose__________onadvertisingaimedatchildren.10.heroA.Hewasfamedfor______deedsduringthewar.B.America’spresentneedisnot_______,butcalmdiplomacy.ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

heroicsheroicrestrictiverestrictions55Task2Readthefollowingsentencesanddecidewhichoftheitalicizedwordsfitseachofthesentences.(P42)ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

1.Employerscannotdiscriminateonthebasisofracialorethnic/ethicbackground.2.Alltypesofinsurancearehandledbothforpersonalandcooperate/corporate

customers.3.Policebelievethestrategic/tragic

deathof21-year-oldLeeRussellmaybelinkedtodrugabuse.4.Mostlybecauseofhisdefenseandathletic/aesthetic

ability,hisplayingtimehasincreasedthelasttwoweeks.5.Wehavelookedatsomeofthekeyprinciplesthatunderlie/underline

microeconomics.√√√√√566.Astack/stakeofcopieswaspiledupattheentrancetotheArtsLab.7.Thecriticalfactorsindeterminingthegrowthinthepresentstudyareallexternal;noneareextrinsic/intrinsic

tothescienceitself.8.Panhasbeenstrugglingfinancially:lastyearalone,advertisingrevenue/avenue

fellby20%.9.Iwasconstantlyengraved/engrossed

bytheproblemsoftime,space,quality,andothercategoriesofreason.10.Theaward/rewardceremonywillbeheldattheNationalFilmTheatertonight.ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

57Task3Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriatewordfromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.(P42-43)ReadingFocus–VocabularyinAction

revenuesreceiptseconomicrewardsathletessponsorspectatorsmaintainavailabilitystadiumsanticipatedpublicity58WithoutPassion,SoccerisJustAnotherGameReadingMore59ReadingMore

DetailedInformation

CriticalThinking

LanguagePoints

VocabularyinAction123460Task1Completethefollowingsummaryofthereadingpassage.Littlestirsanationtoanextremelevelofbreathlessdelightandhelplessdespairasswiftlyasafootballgame.Ithasalltheconstituentsofgreatdramawrappedupinoverriding1)________.Andthat’swhatcharacterizessportatthislevel:astonishingly2)___________drama.Sportmatterstosomanysoverydeeplybecauseitoffersafascinating3)___________intosuccessandhowmuchvictorymatters.Sportingsuccess4)____________thesportitself.Whatattractsattentionisnotonlytheplayingofthegamebutalsothewatchingofwinners,thecreatingofwinnersandthe5)__________withlosers.

passionpowerfulinsighttranscendssympathyReadingMore—DetailedInformation61Sportsareclean-cutanddefinitivebattlesforvictory.The6)______________atitscoreiswhatseparatessportfrom7)___________andmakessportcompelling.Whatalsomakesfootballsocompellingisitsfocusonthe8)________.But

footballalsocreatesindividual9)_______.Momentsofhighdramaandgreatintensitycanbefoundinallsports.Sportwouldnot10)__________withoutemotion,loyalty

andpassion.competitionartteamheroessurviveReadingMore—DetailedInformation62Task2

Answerthefollowingquestions.

(P49)ReadingMore—DetailedInformationChelsea.Loyal.Thecompetitioninsport.Becausethewatchingofwinners,thecreationofwinnersorsympathywithlosersattracts

asmuchattentionastheplayingofthegame.Whodoesthe“clubswillingwithmoney”inParagraph2referto?2.WhatwordcanbeusedtodescribeManchesterUnitedfans?3.Whatisaseparatingfeaturebetweensportandart?4.Whydoessportingsuccessgobeyondsportitself?635.WhatwastheconsequenceofJohnTerry’smissedpenaltykick?6.WhatisthepurposeoftheauthorincitingtheexampleofJohnTerry?7.HowdidIrishsupportersbehavewhenthenationalanthemofEnglandwasplayed?8.HowdidNelsonMandelamakesportsextraspecialin1995?ReadingMore—DetailedInformationChelsealostthegameandtheChampionsLeaguetrophy.Toshowthatthereputationsofplayerscanchangequicklyinaccordancewiththeir

performancesonthepitch.Theyrespectedthe

anthem./Theyshowedrespect.Heusedrugbytouniteadividednation.64CriticalThinkingReadingMore65Worktogetherwithyourpartnertoanswerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyou’vejustread.ReadingMore—CriticalThinking1.WhywastheresomuchcontroversyabouthowtheIrishfanswouldbehavewhentheEnglishanthemwasplayed?2.Theauthorbelievesthat(sportingdisciplines)“areclean-cutanddefinitivebattlesforvictory”and“whatseparatessportfromartisthecompetitionatitscore.”Doyouagree?Whatdoyouthinkisthespiritofsport?66Discussingroupsthefollowingquestions.1.Sportsareoftensaidtoreflectthenationalcharacterofacountry.HowdoyouthinkUSfootball,baseballandbasketballrespectivelyreflectUSvalues?ReadingMore—CriticalThinking2.SincethecreationoftheInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)in1894,interestedcitieshaverivaledeachotherforselectionasthehostcityoftheOlympicGames.WhydoyouthinktheybidfortheOlympics?WhatcantheOlympicsbringtothehostcity?671.ManchesterUnitedfansnowresidetheworldoverandsupportwithstaggering

intensityagroupofplayers,fewofwhomhaveanyrelationtoManchester.(Para.4)

ReadingMore–LanguagePoint

Heretheobjectof“support”is“agroupofplayers”.“withstaggeringintensity”isaprepositionalphrasetomodify“support”.“fewofwhomhaveanyrelationtoManchester”isanattributiveclausethatmodifies“agroupofplayers”.翻译：如今曼联球迷遍布全球，以难以想象的热情支持着这支球队，虽然这些球迷基本都与曼彻斯特这座城市没什么关系。

682.Sportmatterstosomanysoverydeeplybecauseitoffersafascinatinginsightinto

successandhowmuchvictorymatters.(Para.5)

ReadingMore–LanguagePoint

gainaninsightintoinsightinto:

1)

Thearticlegivesusarealinsightintothecausesofthepresenteconomiccrisis.这篇文章使我们真正了解目前经济危机的原因。

2)Theresearchprovidesnewinsightsintothewayweprocesslanguage.

3)Thetrustwantsto_________________(深入了解)thecounty'sbutterflypopulation.693.Sportingsuccesstranscendsthesportitself.(Para.5)

ReadingMore–LanguagePoint

她的动听的歌声无法用言语来描述。transcendnationalboundariestranscendedpoliticaldifferencestranscend:togobeyondtheusuallimitsofsomething超越，跨越e.g.1)Thebeautyofhersongstranscendwordsandlanguage.2)Economictransnationalpracticesareeconomicpractices

that__________________________(跨越国界).

3)Thedesireforpeace___________________________(超

越了政治分歧).

704.Thatiswhatmakesitsocompelling

andproducesemotionthatwillsendgrownmenfallingtotheirkneesonrain-soaked

foreignfields.(Para.7)

ReadingMore–LanguagePoint

fall/sink/droptoone’sknees:跪下

e.g.1)Timfelltohiskneesandstartedtopray.2)Thensherealizedshe'dforgottentokneeldownwhen

shecamein,andblushing,sanktoherknees.“rain-soaked”means“completelywetwithrain”.Otherwordswith“-soaked”are“blood-soaked”,“oil-soaked”,“sweat-soaked”,etc.715.Orsomethingrealandtangible;somethingimportant

thatcanbebuiltupon?(Para.9)

tangible:1)clearenoughordefiniteenoughtobeeasilyseenornoticed

真实的，确切的2)thancanbeperceivedbytouch有形的，可触知的intangible:不确切的，无形的Translatethefollowingphrases.1)有形资产2)确凿证据3)非物质文化遗产4)实惠ReadingMore–LanguagePoint

tangibleassetstangibleevidenceintangibleculturalheritagetangiblebenefits726.Thereputationsofplayerstwirlon

football’swobblyaxis;sothatyearsofpreviousworkcanbeirrationallytarnished

orbolsteredinoneseason,onegame,onemadlyirresponsible,recklessminute.One

missedpenalty,onewaywardattack,onecumbersometackle...aplayer’sreputation

hinges,swellsanddeflatesonsuchthings.(Para.13)

ReadingMore–LanguagePoint

Thesesentencesmeanthatthereputationsofplayerscanbespoiled,destroyed,orincreasedveryeasilydependingontheirperformanceonthefield.翻译：球员的名声围绕着足球那摇摆不定的中轴飞转。仅仅由于一个赛季、一场比赛甚至某一分钟那不负责任的鲁莽表现，多年以来的努力就毫无道理地被败坏或提升。一次点球的罚失、一次独断的进攻、一次拙劣的抢断······一位球员的名