《植物造景》课件-城市道路绿地植物造景方法

城市道路绿地植物造景方法Plantlandscapingmethodofurbanroadgreenspace人行道绿化设计Designofsidewalkgreening适用于宽度不足2m的人行道，树池边缘高出路面8–10cm，防止行人踩踏土壤导致板结。Itissuitableforsidewalkswithawidthoflessthan2m.Theedgeofthetreepoolis8-10cmhigherthantheroadsurfacetopreventpedestriansfromsteppingonthesoilandcausinghardening.树池式设计Treepooldesign人行道绿化设计Designofsidewalkgreening树池尺寸规范Treepoolsizespecification

标准树池尺寸宜为1.5m×1.5m以上，深度不低于80cm，保证根系正常发育所需空间。Thesizeofstandardtreepondshouldbemorethan1.5m×1.5m,andthedepthshouldnotbelessthan80cm,soastoensurethespaceneededfornormalrootdevelopment.树带式设计Tree-banddesign当人行道宽度≥1.5m时可采用连续树带，利于树木生长并可搭配地被植物丰富景观层次。Whenthesidewalkwidthis≥1.5m,continuoustreebeltcanbeadopted,whichisbeneficialtotreegrowthandcanbematchedwithgroundcoverplantstoenrichlandscapelayers.人行道绿化设计Designofsidewalkgreening土壤改良措施Soilimprovementmeasures人行道绿化设计Designofsidewalkgreening

在城市硬质地基上铺设透气滤水层，回填种植土厚度不少于60cm，保障树木长期存活率。Apermeablefilterlayershallbelaidonthehardfoundationofthecity,andthethicknessofbackfillplantingsoilshallnotbelessthan60cmtoensurethelong-termsurvivalrateoftrees.护栏与支撑系统Guardrailsandsupportsystems

新植乔木需安装隐形支撑架或铸铁护圈，防止人为破坏与车辆碰撞造成倒伏。Newlyplantedtreesneedtobeinstalledwithinvisiblesupportsorcastironretainerstopreventlodgingcausedbyhumandamageandvehiclecollision.交通岛绿化设计Greeningdesignoftrafficisland宜采用规则式布局，种植低矮灌木或模纹花坛，突出中心节点形象，不得遮挡行车视线。Itisadvisabletoadoptregularlayout,plantlowshrubsorpatternedflowerbeds,highlightthecentralnodeimage,anddonotblockthedrivinglineofsight.中心岛设计CentralIslandDesign交通岛绿化设计Greeningdesignoftrafficisland设置于交叉口转弯处，种植高度不超过0.7m的耐践踏植物，起到警示与导流作用。Setatthecorneroftheintersection,plantingtramplingresistantplantswithaheightofnomorethan0.7m,playingawarninganddiversionrole.导向岛设计Guideislanddesign高架桥匝道区域可进行多层次绿化，上层覆土种植小乔木，下层配置耐阴地被植物。Multi-levelgreeningcanbecarriedoutintherampareaofviaduct,withsmalltreesplantedintheupperlayerandshade-tolerantgroundcoverplantsinthelowerlayer.立体交叉绿岛GreenIslandofInterchange交通岛绿化设计Greeningdesignoftrafficisland交通岛绿化设计Greeningdesignoftrafficisland灌木修剪频率Shrubpruningfrequency

交通岛内灌木每年至少修剪3–4次，保持几何造型整洁，避免杂乱影响城市形象。Shrubsontrafficislandsareprunedatleast3-4timesayeartokeepgeometricshapescleanandavoidclutteraffectingtheimageofthecity.节水灌溉系统Water-savingirrigationsystem

推广滴灌或微喷系统，结合雨水收集装置，降低养护成本并提高水资源利用率。Promotedripirrigationormicrospraysystems,combinedwithrainwaterharvestingdevices,toreducemaintenancecostsandimprovewateruseefficiency.林荫道综合设计Boulevardintegrateddesign设施配置标准

Standardoffacilityconfiguration

当林荫道宽度≥8m时，可增设游步道、坐凳、雕塑小品、宣传栏等公共设施，提升服务功能。Whenthewidthofthemallis≥8m,publicfacilitiessuchaswalkingtrails,benches,sculpturesketchesandbillboardscanbeaddedtoimprovetheservicefunction.植物比例建议

Recommendedplantproportions推荐乔木占30–40%、灌木20–30%、草地10–20%，其余为硬质铺装，实现生态与实用平衡。Itisrecommendedthattreesaccountfor30-40%,shrubs20-30%,grass10-20%,andtherestishardpavementtoachieveecologicalandpracticalbalance.无障碍通行设计

SittingNodeLayout

所有设施均需符合无障碍标准，坡道平缓、盲道连续，方便老年人与残障人士使用。Allfacilitiesmustmeetaccessibilitystandards,withgentlerampsandcontinuousblindroadsfortheelderlyanddisabled.林荫道综合设计Boulevardintegrateddesign林荫道综合设计Boulevardintegrateddesign人行通道净宽建议不小于2m，两侧留出足够缓冲空间，避免人流拥挤与植物干扰。Theclearwidthofpedestrianpassageisrecommendedtobenolessthan2m,andenoughbufferspaceshallbereservedonbothsidestoavoidcrowdcrowdingandplantinterference.步行空间尺度walkingspatialscale林荫道综合设计Boulevardintegrateddesign目标夏季正午遮荫覆盖率不低于60%，确保行人长时间行走仍处于阴凉环境中。Thetargetsummermiddayshadecoveragerateisnotlessthan60%,ensuringthatpedestriansarestillinacoolenvironmentwhenwalkingforalongtime.遮荫覆盖率目标Shadecoveragetarget林荫道综合设计Boulevardintegrateddesign每200–300米设置一处休憩区，配备防腐木座椅与遮阳棚，满足市民短暂停留需求。Every200-300meters,arestareawillbesetup,equippedwithpreservedwoodseatsandsunshadestomeettheneedsofcitizensforshortstays.坐憩节点布局SittingNodeLayout植物选择Plantselection北方常用树种CommontreespeciesinnorthernChina北方地区推荐国槐、垂柳、油松等耐寒耐旱树种，适应寒冷干燥气候条件。InnorthernChina,cold-resistantanddrought-toleranttreespeciessuchasSophorajaponica,SalixweepingandPinustabulaeformisarerecommendedtoadapttocoldanddryclimateconditions.植物选择Plantselection南方常用树种CommontreespeciesinsouthernChina南方湿热地区适宜种植榕树、棕榈、白兰花、香樟等喜温湿植物，生长迅速且景观效果好。Ficustrees,palmtrees,whiteorchids,camphortreesandotherwarmandhumidplantsaresuitableforplantinginhumidandhotareasinthesouth.Theygrowrapidlyandhavegoodlandscapeeffects.植物选择Plantselection“空中花园”效应"Hanginggarden"effect广州等地利用大叶榕发达气生根形成独特立体绿化景观，被称为“满城榕荫”的城市名片。GuangzhouandotherplacesusethedevelopedaerialrootsofFicusmacrophyllatoformauniquethree-dimensionalgreeninglandscape,whichiscalledthecitynamecardof"fullcitybanyanshade".植物选择Plants