分词作状语和表语+高中英语人教版必修第二册

高中英语语法-非谓语Englishgrammarteaching

非谓语动词

过去分词Pastparticiples

非谓语动词

过去分词PastparticiplesREVIEW宾语补足语Objectcomplement前置:单个过去分词后置：过去分词短语主+谓+宾+宾补使役动词、感官动词、表示“希望、要求”的动词with复合结构定语从句与被修饰的名词有逻辑上的被动关系或表所修饰人、物的状态被动关系定语Attribute过去分词过去分词PastparticiplesREVIEW宾语补足语Objectcomplement定语Attribute表语predicative状语Adverbial

非谓语动词

过去分词表语predicative定义区别

非谓语动词

过去分词

非谓语动词

表语predicative

观察下列过去分词所作成分并总结规律ObserveandDiscover1.Don’tbescared,mylove.2.TimonandPumbawillwatchyouwhileIam

gone.3.Wearepreparedforastory.4.Sheseemssurprisedatthenews.5.Theylookedfrightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.定义：过去分词可置于

后作

语，用来表示主语的性质、特征或

。系动词表状态过去分词beseemslookedamare系动词link-v

非谓语动词

表语predicative

过去分词

一

是：

be两似乎：seem,appear三保持：keep,stay,remain四变得：become,get,turn,go五感觉：look,smell,taste,sound,feel六证明：prove系动词link-v

非谓语动词

表语predicative

过去分词表语predicative定义区别

非谓语动词

表语predicative

过去分词表语predicative定义区别过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别

非谓语动词

过去分词过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别

Thewindowisclosed.

Thewindowwasclosedbymybrother.（状态：现在窗户处于关闭的状态）（动作：谁执行了“关窗户”这个动作）系表结构被动语态描述主语的状态或性质强调主语承受的动作通常不强调动作的执行者常说明动作的执行者（by短语）常用系动词（be,seem,look）用助动词（be）+过去分词构成

非谓语动词

表语predicative

过去分词过去分词常译为“(人)

”，经常修饰

的特征。现在分词常译为“(物)

”，经常修饰

的特征。

过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别RuanCaiwas

whenheknewthe

comingholiday.(excite)阮蔡很激动，当他听到这个即将到来，就令人激动的假期excitedexciting感到……的令人……的人、人的声音或表情等物

非谓语动词

表语predicative

过去分词过去分词常译为“(人)

”，经常修饰

的特征。现在分词常译为“(物)

”，经常修饰

的特征。

过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别RuanCaiwas

whenheknewthe

comingholiday.(excite)阮蔡很激动，当他听到这个即将到来，就令人激动的假期excitedexciting感到……的令人……的人、人的声音或表情等物情感类动词过去分词现在分词surpriseexciteinspiredisappointsurprisedexcitedinspireddisappointedsurprisingexcitinginspiringdisappointing

非谓语动词

表语predicative

过去分词disappointing

令人失望的disappointed

(感到)失望的interesting

令人感兴趣的interested

感兴趣的frightening

令人害怕的frightened

(感到)害怕的exciting

令人激动的excited

(感到)激动的;兴奋的embarrassing

令人尴尬的embarrassed

尴尬的puzzling

令人困惑的puzzled

(感到)困惑的过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别

非谓语动词

表语predicative

过去分词【即学即练】1.Themoviewewatchedlastnightwasextremely________(move),andeveryoneinthetheaterfelt________(move).2.Althoughthelecturewas________(bore),thestudentstriedtostay________(interest)inthetopic.3.Thechildrenwere___________(frighten)bythe__________(frighten)storytoldbytheirteacher.4.Herperformanceinthecompetitionwas________(amaze),andweallfelt________(amaze)byherskills.5.Theresultoftheexperimentwas

(disappoint),buttheresearchersremained

(determine)tofindasolution.movingmovedboringinterestedfrightenedfrighteningamazingamazeddisappointingdetermined

非谓语动词

表语predicative

过去分词过去分词Pastparticiples宾语补足语Objectcomplement定语Attribute表语predicative状语Adverbial

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial定义与功能区别与鉴别

非谓语动词

过去分词

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

ObserveandDiscover过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示被动完成的动作，与主句主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。Givenmoreattention,thetreecangrowbetter.如果多加注意，这棵树会长得更好。Guided

bytheseprinciples,theywentonwiththework.在这些方针的指导下，他们继续进行这项工作。

过去分词

过去分词表示_________或_________，作状语时，表示动作发生的背景或者情况，可以表示____________________________________________等，还可以表示某种状态，其逻辑主语是主句的主语，且与主语之间存在逻辑上的___________。在意义上相当于一个_____________。状语从句被动关系完成被动时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随或方式

句子结构：_________(v)......,句子。定义与功能

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词时间功能原因条件让步伴随或方式

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词

(accompany陪伴)byparents,kidscanenterthepark.

＝When

(accompany)byparents,kidscanenterthepark.＝When

byparents,kidscanenterthepark.时间状语相当于一个时间状语从句，可在过去分词前加上连词when，while，until等，使其时间意义更明确。accompaniedtheyareaccompaniedAccompanied主语原因状语

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词原因状语相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可与连词because,as,since等连用,使原因意义更明确①

(do)inahurry,thework

wasfullofmistakes.＝Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythepolice,theladykeptcalm.②

(give)advicebythepolice,theladykeptcalm.＝Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,theworkwasfullofmistakes.＝Becausedoneinahurry,theworkwasfullofmistakes.＝Since/Asgivenadvicebythepolice,theladykeptcalm.DoneGiven

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词条件状语并且有时可与连词if,unless等连用，使条件意义更明确。

Givenmoretime,wewilldobetter.

＝Ifwearegivenmoretime,wewilldobetter.

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词让步状语相当于让步状语从句，有时可与连词although,though,evenif,eventhough，as连用

Invited,Iwillnottakepartintheparty.

＝EvenifIaminvited,Iwillnottakepartintheparty.

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词方式或伴随状语相当于一个and并列句The

old

man

walkedinthepark,supportedbyhis

wife.

＝The

old

man

walkedintheparkandwassupportedby

his

wife.

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词Theboyslidoutofhisroom,_________________________.PracticeMakesPerfect1.Whenhewasaskedabouthisimpressionoftheapartment,hemadenoanswer.2.Ifweareunited,westand;ifwearedivided,wefall._______________________________________,hemadenoanswer._________,westand;____________,wefall.3.Theboyslidoutofhisroomandwasfollowedbyhispetdog.4.Thoughhewasrejectedmanytimes,themandidn’tloseheart.______________________,themandidn’tloseheart.___________________,hehadtobetakentothehospital.AskedabouthisimpressionoftheapartmentUniteddividedfollowedbyhispetdogRejectedmanytimesSeriouslyinjured5.Becausehewasseriouslyinjured,hehadtobetakentothehospital.

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词状语Adverbial定义与功能区别与鉴别现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别独立主格结构

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词①_______(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.②_______(see)fromthehill,the

city

lookslike

a

big

garden.现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别SeenSeeingyousee

主动关系，用-ingseethecity被动关系，用-ed过去分词作状语:现在分词作状语：动作和主语逻辑关系：

.动作和主语逻辑关系：.

被动关系主动关系句子的主语，see的逻辑主语句子的主语，see的逻辑主语

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词PracticeMakesPerfect1.________(Wait)forthebus,Inoticedastrangemanstaringatme.2.________(Give)moretime,wecouldhavefinishedtheprojectearlier.3.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,________(follow)byagroupofstudents.4.________(Work)hard,youwillsurelyachieveyourgoals.5.____________(Encourage)bytheteacher,thestudentsworkedharder.6.________(Look)outofthewindow,Isawabeautifulgarden.7.Nervously_______(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.WaitingGivenfollowedWorkingEncouragedLookingfacing

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词PracticeMakesPerfect8.Theboycamein,________(follow)byhisfather.9.Theboycamein,________(follow)hisfather.10.Nervously_________(face)challenges,IbelieveIcanmakeit.11.________(face)withthesituation,Arnoldaskedhisbossforadvice.12._________(devote)toscience,Henrycan’tlookafterhischildren.13._________(devote)himselftoscience,Henrycan’t

lookafterhischildren.followedfollowingfacingFacedDevotedDevoting

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词Thoughhewasaffectedbygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingcompositions.独立主格结构句子改写为过去分词短语做状语的步骤：1.找到含有过去分词的句子2.找到两个句子共同的主语3.省略连词和主语及相关部分（be,got等助动词）4.整理句子，把原来的句子转换成含有过去分词作状语的句子Thoughaffectedbygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingcompositions.

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词独立主格结构句子改写为过去分词短语做状语的步骤：1.找到含有过去分词的句子2.找到两个句子共同的主语3.省略连词和主语及相关部分（be,got等助动词）4.整理句子，把原来的句子转换成含有过去分词作状语的句子Henrywashighlyinterestedinmusicandbegantowrite

originalcompositionswhenhewasinhighschool.Highlyinterestedinmusic,Henrybegantowriteoriginalcompositionswhenhewasinhighschool.

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词独立主格结构完成句子:作业完成后,孩子们出去踢足球了。Aftertheyfinishedtheirhomework,……Havingfinished

theirhomework,……

_______________________,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.Theirhomeworkfinished,……Withtheirhomeworkfinished,……①状语从句②分词形式③with的复合结构④独立主格结构

非谓语动词

状语Adverbial

过去分词独立主格结构有些含有分词的固定插入语,其逻辑主语不要求与主语一致。如:

Generallyspeaking

一般地说

Considering…

考虑到……Talkingof…

说到….Supposing/Providingthat…假使….Tobehonest,/Totellthetruth

老实说Judgedfromhisaccent,hemustcomefromsouthernChina.

Judging

非谓语动词