2026年高考英语终极冲刺：压轴题07 阅读理解CD篇（医疗健康健身类）（原卷版）

3/17压轴题07阅读理解C、D篇命题预测分析近年高考英语阅读理解C、D篇命题规律，医疗健康健身类是高频必考压轴题材，选材多来自权威医学期刊、健康研究、心理科学、运动医学、公共卫生报告，聚焦生理机制、睡眠健康、饮食营养、运动健身、疾病预防、心理调节、新型疗法、感官与认知。文章科学性强、专业术语适中、长难句密集，侧重考查细节定位、逻辑推理、词义猜测、观点态度、主旨概括。2026年高考仍会重点考查，命题更贴近生物钟、脑科学、免疫力、慢性病预防、生活方式干预、心理健康，强调科学健康与生活实践结合。高频考法推理判断题标题归纳题细节理解题词义猜测题主旨大意题观点态度/写作意图题医疗健康健身类基本规律及解题要领高考健康类阅读多无标题，结构严谨、条理清晰，一般分为四部分：首段：引出健康现象、研究发现、身体问题、新型疗法。背景/现状：介绍问题成因、普遍误区、研究背景、数据现状。主干：详细说明生理机制、实验过程、研究数据、专家观点、改善方法。结尾：总结健康建议、研究意义、未来方向、生活启示。二、医疗健康健身类解题技巧1.抓语篇结构，快速把握大意用略读法速读首尾段+各段首尾句，圈出核心词：health/medicine/sleep/diet/exercise/mental/brain。健康类常见行文逻辑：现象解释型：健康问题→原因分析→科学解释→改善建议研究说明型：实验目的→过程数据→研究结论→应用价值方法指导型：常见误区→正确方式→科学依据→实践指导2.定位标志词，精准破解细节与推理优先定位：研究机构、专家人名、数据年份、实验对象、身体部位、疾病名称。长难句处理：先抓主句主干，剥离定语、状语、插入语，理清因果与条件。答案原则：原文同义替换、客观科学，不加入生活常识主观判断。3.重点关注因果、机制与建议健康类必考三大方向：原因：stress/lackofsleep/unhealthydiet/aging/sedentarylifestyle机制：biologicalclock/hormone/cell/nerve/metabolism/immunesystem建议：regularexercise/balanceddiet/sufficientsleep/positivethinking4.紧盯转折与对比，锁定命题重点高频逻辑词：however/but/yet/while/incontrast/although/instead转折后常是真实原因、核心结论、专家真正建议，为必考点。5.熟悉选项设置规律，快速排除干扰正确选项：符合科学常识、原文信息同义改写、概括全面。干扰项：绝对化表述（only/never/all/completely等）偷换概念（把“可能”当“必然”，把“有助于”当“治愈”）无中生有（原文未提的治疗方法、副作用、效果）以偏概全（用局部研究代替整体结论）6.标题归纳技巧（健康类专用）必须包含核心健康主题（sleep/diet/exercise/brain/health）。突出研究、方法、原因、建议、启示。常见格式：健康主题+研究/方法/启示/建议。07医疗健康健身类1.（2026·石家庄·一模）Manyenvironmentalandbehavioralfactorscanaffectthebody’sinternalclocks,whichcontrolvariousbodyfunctions.However,modernlifecanthrowoffthesebiologicaltimes,increasingoursensitivitytodifferentconditions.Light,amajorfactoraffectingthebody’sinternalclocks,haslongbeenlinkedtovarioushealthimpacts.Thisisevidencedinpopulationslikeshiftworkers,whofaceahigherriskofheartdiseaseduetonight-timelightexposure.Previousstudiesthatusedsatellitedatafoundassociationsbetweenpeoplelivinginbright,urbanareasandheartdisease,buttheyonlymeasuredoutdoorlightatnight.DanielWindredatFlindersUniversityandhiscolleagueswantedtoknowwhetheranindividual’soveralllightexposurewasassociatedwithheartproblems.Theytrackedabout89,000peoplewithoutheartdiseasewhoworelightsensorsforoneweekbetween2013and2016,whichisthebiggeststudyofpersonallightexposurepatternsandhearthealthtodate.Thesensorsrecordedanynaturalorartificiallightfromtheirenvironment,includingthatfromphones.Overyears,thosewiththebrightestnightshadahigherriskofdevelopingheartdiseasethanthosewithdarknights.Onerepresentativecaseinthehighestlightexposuregroupwouldbesomeonewhoturnedonoverheadlightsforanhourbetweenmidnightand6am.“Thismeanstheyhaveamongthehighestnightlightexposure—withinthetop10%ofallparticipants,”saysWindred.Headdsthatthebodycontinuestoreacttoanartificiallightafterithasbeenturnedoff,andevenshortexposurescanhaveaneffect.Theresearcherscontrolledforfactorslikegender,age,smoking,andshiftwork.Theyalsoshowedthattheassociationbetweenlightexposureandheartdiseaseriskwasindependentofsleepdurationorquality,pointingtonightlightexposureasthekeydriveroftheresults.“Theimportanceoftheseobservationscannotbeunderestimated,”saysMartinYoungattheUniversityofAlabamaatBirmingham.“Withthecomingofasocietythatoperatesaroundtheclock,disturbingourbiologicalclocksystemshasbecomemoreandmorecommon.Thisstudyhighlightsthesignificanthealthdangersassociatedwithexposuretolightatthewrongtime.”1.Howarethehealthimpactsoflightexposurepresentedinthefirstparagraph?A.Byprovidingdata. B.Bycitingadocument.C.Bygivinganexample. D.Bymakinganassumption.2.Whatdoesparagraph2stressaboutpreviousstudies?A.Theirlimitation. B.Theirgoal.C.Theiruniqueness. D.Theirprocess.3.Whyisthecaseinparagraph3mentioned?A.Toapplaudaresearchmethod. B.Toclarifyastudyclassification.C.Todefineacauseofheartdisease. D.Todescribeacommonsleephabit.4.WhatisMartinYoung’sattitudetotheresearchfindings?A.Supportive. B.Cautious. C.Picky. D.Anxious.2.（2026·湖南·一模）Anewmajorstudysuggeststhatmaintaininghealthyeatinghabitsinmidlifeislinkedtobetteraginginlateryears.ConductedbyresearchersfromHarvard,theUniversityofCopenhagen,andtheUniversityofMontreal,thisstudydoesnotjustfocusonlivingalonglife.Instead,itlooksat“healthyaging,”whichisdefinedaslivingtoage70orolderwithoutmajorchronicdiseaseswhilemaintaininggoodcognitive,physical,andmentalhealth.Theteamobservedover105,000femaleandmalehealthprofessionalsinmidlifefor30years.Participantsregularlycompleteddetaileddietaryquestionnaires.Theresearchersscoredtheseanswersbasedoneightdifferenthealthydietarypatterns.Thesepatterns,suchastheMediterraneandietortheDASHdiet,generallyencouragehighintakesoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andhealthyfats,whilelimitingredandprocessedmeats.Theyalsocarefullyexaminedtheamountofultra-processedfoodsparticipantsconsumed.Theresultsarepromising.Atotalof9.3%ofthepopulationagedhealthily.Overall,thosewhostucktoanyofthesehealthydietarypatternsweremorelikelytoagewell.ThetopperformerwastheAHEIdiet.Peoplewithhighscoresweremuchmorelikelytolivepast70ingoodhealththanthosewithlowscores.AnotherstrongoptionwasthePHDI,whichemphasizesplant-basedfoodswhileconsideringplanetaryhealth.Incontrast,eatingtoomuchprocessedmeatandsugarydrinksloweredthechancesofhealthyaging.Theresearchersemphasizethatthereisno“one-size-fits-all”diet.Healthydietscanbeadaptedtofitindividualneedsandpreferences.Themaingoalistoeatmostlyplant-basedfoodswithamoderateinclusionofhealthyanimalproducts.Thisflexibilityhelpspeoplemaintainanindependentandactivequalityoflifeastheyage,whichisapriorityforbothindividualsandpublichealth.However,thestudyhassomelimitations.Theparticipantswereallhealthprofessionals,meaningtheirsocioeconomicstatusandeducationlevelsmightbehigherthanaverage.Toapplytheresultsmorewidely,futurestudiesshouldrepeattheresearchinpopulationswithmorediversebackgrounds.5.Howdoesthestudydefine“healthyaging”?A.Bylivingalonglifewithoutanyillnesses.B.Bymaintainingphysicalandmentalhealthat70.C.Byfollowingastrictdietplaninmidlife.D.Byavoidinganimal-basedfoodstotally.6.Whatisacommonfeatureoftherecommendeddietarypatterns?A.Theyarehighinredmeatintake.B.Theystrictlyexcludealldairyproducts.C.Theyencourageeatingmoreplant-basedfoods.D.Theyfocusmainlyonenvironmentalprotection.7.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestabouthealthydiets?A.Theyrequirepeopletoeatthesamefoods.B.Theycanbeadaptedtoindividualneeds.C.Theyaredifficulttofollowforyoungpeople.D.Theyarebetterthanmedicinefordiseases.8.Whydoestheauthormentionthestudy’slimitation?A.Toprovethestudyisunscientific.B.Tosuggesttheneedformorediversesubjects.C.Toshowhealthprofessionalseatpoorly.D.Toindicatethedietisharmful.3.（2026·广东江门·一模）Somecheckwatchesorphoneappstoknowthetime,butfewrealizeourbodieshaveaninternalclock—ourcircadian(昼夜)rhythm.DisruptedrhythmsarelinkedtoillnesseslikeType2Diabetesandcancer,anddrugeffectsvarysignificantlybyadministrationtime.Thisconnectionbetweentreatmenttimeandhealthoutcomeshasgeneratedaspecializedapproach:chronotherapy.Theideaofchronotherapy—givingdrugsatrighttimes—owesmuchtotraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM),whichdescribesorgans’activitypeaksatspecifictimes.FrenchresearcherFrancisLévidrewonthiswisdomtoexplorecancertreatment:healthycellsdividefixedly,whilecancercellsmultiplyuncontrollably.Sincechemotherapy(化疗)targetsrapidlydividingcells,Levireasonedthatgivingdrugswhenhealthycellsare“asleep”couldboosteffectivenessandreducesideeffects.Medicaltestsprovedpromising.Thosewhoreceivedchemotherapyat6aminsteadof6pmexperiencedfarmildersicknessandtiredness.Similarbenefitsemergedelsewhere:afternoonheartsurgeryissafer,andfluvaccinesgivenbetween9-11amgeneratefourtimesmoreantibodiesthanlaterintheday.Yetchronotherapyfacedaproblem:everyone’sinternalclockvariesbyupto12hours.Measuringitusedtobetime-consuming—trackingmelatonin(褪黑素)releaserequiredhoursindarknessandfrequentsamples.Now,newtestsusingbloodorevenhairofferquickerresults.Forexample,Germany’sBodlyClocktestanalyzesclockgeneactivityinhairfollicles(毛囊)torevealinternaltime,helpingtailortreatments.Theseadvancesindeterminingourbiologicaltimenotonlysupportprecisionmedicinebutalsotheuseofdailyrhythmstoenhanceoverallhealth.Forinstance,exposuretomorninglighthelpsadvancethebodyclock,whileminimizingeveningbluelightpromotessoundsleep.Schedulingdemandingmentaltasksorintenseexerciseduringpersonalpeakcognitiveandphysicalperiods(typicallyafternoontoearlyevening)canboostperformance.Bymakinguseofourcircadianrhythm-throughtimedtreatmentsandrhythm-awareliving-wecanunlocklonger,healthierlives.9.WhatwasFrancisLévi’sexplorationofcancertreatmentbasedon?A.Thedifferentpatternsofcelldivision.B.Thetimewhencancercellsdivideslowly.C.Themeasurementofpatients’sleephabits.D.TheinsightoftraditionalChinesemedicine.10.WhatdoParagraphs3and4suggestaboutchronotherapy?A.Itiswidelyusedinmedicalpractice.B.Itislimitedbymeasurementproblems.C.Itreliesontraditionalrhythmassessment.D.Itseffectivenessistiedtotreatmenttiming.11.Whichisagooddailyapplicationofcircadianrhythm?A.Avoidingregularmelatoninsupplements. B.Gettingtreatmentwhenhealthycellssleep.C.Adaptingdailyroutinestonaturalrhythms. D.Followingregularlifestyleforphysicalhealth.12.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FollowYourCircadianRhythm B.BuildaHealthyInternalClockC.PursueaTrueHealthyLifestyle D.ExploreChemotherapyApproaches4.（2026·陕西商洛·一模）AninternationalteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofSydneyandtheUniversidadEuropeainSpaindiscoveredthatsustainedwalkingsessionsofferstrongerprotectionforhearthealththanfragmented(碎片化的)activity.“Thereisaperceptionthathealthprofessionalshaverecommendedwalking10,000stepsadayshouldbethegoal,butthisisn’tamust—thatisalsohardtoachieveformostpeoplenowadays.Simplyaddingoneortwolongerwalksperday,eachlastingatleast10—15minutesatacomfortablebutsteadypace,canhavesignificantbenefits—especiallyforpeoplewhodon’twalkmuch,”explainedco-leadauthorDr.MatthewAhmadi.Thestudyinvolved33,560adultsbetweentheagesof40and79whotypicallywalkedfewerthan8,000stepsadayandhadnohistoryofcardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseorcancer.Participantsworeresearch-gradewristbandsforoneweektorecordboththeirstepcountsandhowtheirstepsweredistributedthroughouttheday.Researchersfollowedtheirhealthoutcomesforabouteightyears,andfoundstrikingdifferencesincardiovascularriskbetweenthosewhowalkedinshortversuslongersessions.Peoplewhowalkedcontinuouslyfor10—15minutesdailyhadonlya4percentchanceofexperiencingcardiovascularevents,comparedtoa13percentriskamongthosewhowalkedcontinuouslyforjust5minutesaday.Thebenefitsweregreatestfortheleastactiveindividuals,particularlythosetaking5,000stepsorfewer.Withinthisgroup,theriskofdevelopingcardiovasculardiseasefellfrom15percentamongshortwalkersto7percentamongthosewhowalkedupto15minutesatatime.SeniorProfessorEmmanuelStamakisnoted,“Wetendtoplacealltheemphasisonthenumberofstepsorthetotalamountofwalkingbutoverlookthecrucialroleofpatterns,forexamplehowwalkingisdone.Thisstudyshowsthatevenpeoplewhoareveryphysicallyinactivecanmaximizetheirhearthealthbenefitbywalkingforlongeratatime,preferablyforatleast10—15minutes,whenpossible.”13.WhichofthefollowingdoesDr.MatthewAhmadiconsiderchallenging?A.Walkingatacomfortablebutsteadypace.B.Reachingthegoalofwalking10,000stepsaday.C.Placinganemphasisonsustainedwalkingsessions.D.Spendingatleasttenminutesonawalkingsession.14.Whywereparticipantsaskedtowearwristbands?ATocollecttheirwalkingdata. B.Tomonitortheirhearthealth.C.Toremindthemtowalkmore. D.Totracksuitablewalkingroutes.15.Howisparagraph4mainlydeveloped?A.Byquotingexperts. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byfollowingtimeorder. D.Bylistingfictionalexamples.16WhatdoesEmmanuelStanamatakisprobablysuggestinactivepeopledo?A.Adjusttheirwalkingpatterns. B.Shortentheirwalkingtimeslowly.C.Prioritizedailyfragmentedactivity. D.Maximizethetotalamountofwalking.5.（2026·北京顺义·一模）NovelistVirginiaWoolf,likeallwriters,facedthechallengewhenpreparingtowriteorspeak:Howdoyoudrawoutfromtheswirl(漩涡)ofyourthoughtsaworthyinsight?Whatkindofcatchcanyougettorewardyouraudience?Herapproachwastoengageherselfinincubation.Takingacue(暗示)fromherapproachmayhelpyouwhenyou’restuckforwords.Accordingtothelatestcontrolledstudies,aperiodofdowntimedevelopscreativeideas.Why?Thetheoryisthatwanderingbrainsarenotwanderingatall.Theyarebusywiththoughtdevelopment—linkingeachthoughttoassociatedones,restructuringhowyourmindrepresentsthoughts,weakeningtheholdonyourattentionofirrelevantthoughts,andmore.Thebenefitsofwanderingshowupinastudypublishedin2025.Researchersaskedpeopletotake10minutestowriteafictionalstorybasedonacue.Beforepeoplebeganwriting,theresearchersdividedpeopleintogroups.Theyaskedonegrouptotakeabreaktolettheirmindswander.Theygaveanothergroupnobreakatall.Thecuegaveplentyofroomforcreativity.Butthepeopleinthemind-wanderinggroupturnedinthemostcreativestories.Theyexhibitedmorediverseflowinthinkingand,interestingly,higherratingsofcreativity.Theeffectwasslightbutsignificant.Theexperimentalsoshowedsomethingelse:Stayingtoobusyputsyouatadisadvantage.Thepeopleaskedtotakea“busy”break—spending10minutesonaspot-the-differencetask—werelessthanhalfaslikelytogaintheproblem-solvinginsightasthewanderinggroup.Apparently,engaginginthiskindofbreakwhileoccupyingworkingmemoryisself-defeating.Ifthisapproachworks,whatformworksbest?Manyscientiststheorizethatsleepoffersthebiggestreturn.Whenpeoplehadtosolvematchstickproblems,inwhichtheywerechallengedtorearrangeasetofsticks,theydidalotbetteraftertheygotanap(小睡).However,notallexperimentsshowthatsleepingonaproblemworkssoneatly.Thebenefitmaydependonboththestageofsleepyoufallintoandthekindofproblemyouneedtosolve.Overall,ifyouneedaninsight,channelVirginiaWoolf:Dropyourlineintotheswirlofyourunconscious.Whenyoufeelapull,whilenappingornot,grabit.Whatbeganasaflashofanideamaywellhavegrownintosomethingtrulyremarkable.17.Whatdoestheword“incubation”underlinedinParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Astateofdeepfocus. B.Atimeofrestfulwaiting.C.Aperiodofhardthinking. D.Amomentofsuddeninsight.18.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Thebrainstopsworkingwhenthemindwanders.B.“Busy”breakshelppeoplesolveproblems.C.Deepinsightiswhatnovelistsneedmost.D.Sleepmighthelpwithproblem-solving.19.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoCatchaBrilliantIdea B.HowtoKeepaWanderingMindC.HowtoSleepYourWaytoInsight D.HowtoTrainYourBraintoWander6.（2026·重庆·一模）Magnesium(镁)is“therelaxationmineral”andacriticalnutrientinvolvedinatleast300enzyme(酶)reactionswithinthehumanbody—andaccordingtosomestudies,upto600.Thismeansmagnesiumisfundamentalformuscleandnervefunction,regulatingbloodsugarandbloodpressure,andproducingprotein,bone,andDNA.Givenitscentralroleinsomanyphysiologicalfunctions,it’sclearwhyamagnesiuminsufficiencycanleadtosymptomssuchastiredness,musclepains,mentalissues,irregularheartrhythms,andincreasedstress.However,manypeoplearen’tgettingenoughmagnesium.AccordingtoexpertslikeMarkHyman,MD,aleaderinfunctionalmedicine,therearemultiplereasonswe’renotgettingtherecommendedamountsofmagnesium.Primarily,ourmealsaremoreprocessedandlessnutrient-densethaneverbefore.Furthermore,thesoilwhereourfoodgrowsisincreasinglystrippedof(剥夺)magnesium.Addingtothisissue,ourconsumptionofcoffee,alcohol,andsugar,allofwhichcanreducemagnesiumlevels,isalsoontherise.Sobythetimeyouseeyourdoctorformusclepains,poorsleep,unexplainedweightproblems,urinary(泌尿的)issuesoranothersymptomoflowmagnesium,it’slikelyyou’lldiscussmuchmagnesiumyoushouldtakeperday,andthebestwaystogetmoremagnesium.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthhassettheupperlimitofmagnesiumthatyoushouldtakeinadditionformat350milligrams.Dr.Hymansuggestsadailysupplementalmagnesiumintakeof300milligrams.However,consultyourhealthcareprovidertodeterminetheproperamountforyouruniqueneeds,assomeindividualsmaybenefitfromhigheramounts.Magnesiumsupplementscanwork,butexpertssuggestaddingmagnesium-richfoodstoyourdietisthebestwaytoincreasemagnesiumintake.Theseincludedarkleafygreens(spinach,kale),nutsandseeds(pumpkinseeds,almonds,chiaseeds),wholegrains(brownrice,quinoa),legumes(blackbeans,chickpeas),avocado,anddarkchocolate.Additionally,anEpsomsaltbathisarelaxingwaytoabsorbmagnesiumthroughtheskin.20.Whatcanwelearnaboutmagnesiumfromthetext?A.Itinvolvesexactly300humanenzymereactions.B.Ithaskeyeffectsonbloodsugar-pressureregulation.C.Itismainlyresponsibleforrelievingmentalillnesses.D.Itmayleadtoincreasedmusclestrengthifinsufficient.21.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A.Lifestylegreatlyinfluenceshealth. B.Peopleshouldgetmorenutrients.C.Medicineperformsvitalfunctions. D.Peopleshouldnotconsumesugar.22.Whatistheprimarypurposeofcitingnumbersintheparagraph4?A.Topresentfacts. B.Tocontrastopinions.C.Toattractreaders. D.Toaddprecision.23.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheProvenMagnesiumEffect B.TheCriticalMagnesiumIntakeC.TheMissingRelaxationMineral D.TheGrowingSupplementMarket7.（2026·黄冈·一模）Chronicsleeplessnessismuchmoreharmfulthanoccasionalbadsleep.Overtime,itcanweakenmemoryandmentalsharpness.Anewstudy,publishedonaWednesdayinNeurology(thejournaloftheAmericanAcademyofNeurology),foundthatolderadultswithlong-terminsomniahavefasterbrainaging.Researcherssawthesechangesthroughcognitivetestsandbrainscansthatshowedalteredbrainstructure.Thestudyfollowed2,750mentallyhealthyadults(averageageabout70)for5.6yearsonaverage.Eachyear,participantstooktestsonexecutivefunction,visual-spatialreasoning,andothercognitiveskills.Resultsshowed14%ofthosewithchronicinsomnialaterdevelopedmildcognitiveproblemsordementia,whileonly10%ofthosewithoutinsomniadid.Researcherssaidthisdifferencewassignificant.Theyestimatedthatchronicinsomniamakesthebrainseemabout3.5yearsolder,basedonnormalcognitiveperformanceandbrainbiomarkerlevelsfordifferentagegroups.DiegoZ.Carvalho,asleep-medicineexpertattheMayoClinicandthestudy’sleadwriter,saidthefindingsaddmoreevidencethatnot-so-goodsleep—eveninmiddleage—maybeanearlysignofbraindegeneration.Buthestressedthestudyonlyshowsalink,notacause-and-effectrelationship.“Poorsleepearlyoncouldalsobeanearlysignofcognitivedecline,”Carvalhonoted.SantiagoClocchiatti-Tuozzo,aneurologyresidentatYaleNewHavenHospitalwhodidn’tjointheresearch,pointedoutakeyfact:insomniacswhosleptfewerhoursdidworseoncognitivetestsandhadmorebrainchanges.Iffuturestudiesprovethis,waystoprotectlong-termbrainhealthmayneedtoconsiderbothsleepqualityandtotalsleeptime.Inthepast10years,researchonsleepandbrainhealthhasgrownalot.ItshowslinksbetweenbadsleepandconditionslikedementiaandAlzheimer’sdisease.Amajor2021studyinJAMANeurologyfoundthatsleepinglessthan6hoursormorethan9hours(outsidetheideal7-8-hourrange)waslinkedtocognitivetroubles,higherbodymassindex,andmoredepressivesymptoms.KarinG.Johnson,asleepneurologistinSpringfield,Massachusetts,saidsuchfindingsarequitenewinherfield.Sheexplainedthatenoughsleepiskeybecausethebrain’swaste-clearingsystemfollowsdailyrhythmsandworksbestduringsleep.Johnsonhopesencouragingbettersleephabitsinyoungpeoplewillmakethewholepopulationhealthier.Shealsosupportspolicychanges,likelaterschoolstarttimes,toletpeoplegetenoughrestandbuildastrongbaseforlong-termbrainhealth.24.WhichofthefollowingisadetailabouttheprocessofthenewstudypublishedinNeurology?A.Thestudyfollowed2,750adultswithmildcognitiveimpairmentfor5.6years.B.Participantsweretestedonceeverytwoyearsontheircognitiveabilities.C.Theresearchersonlyusedcognitiveteststodetectbrainchangesinparticipants.D.Theaverageageofthecognitivelyhealthyparticipantswasabout70years.25.Whatcanweinferfromtheresultsofthenewstudy?A.Chronicinsomniamayacceleratebrainaginginolderadults.B.Poorsleepinmiddleagedirectlycausesbraindegeneration.C.Insomniacssleepingfewerhourshavenocognitiveissues.D.Over20%ofpeoplewithchronicinsomniadevelopdementia.26.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmatchesKarinG.Johnson’sview?A.Sub-optimalsleepinmiddleageisdefinitelyacauseofneurodegeneration.B.Thebrain’swaste-clearingsystemfunctionsbestwhenpeopleareawake.C.Encouraginggoodsleephabitsinyoungpeoplehelpsimproveoverallpopulationhealth.D.Policychangeslikeearlierschoolstarttimescanhelppeoplegetsufficientrest.27.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Reliesonexpertopinions,withfewdata.B.Combinesdata,expertviewsandrelatedstudies.C.Focusesmainlyonthenewstudy,withslightbackground.D.Usesmildemotionallanguagetoremindreaders.8.（2026·安徽阜阳·一模）Asaperfectexampleofcontradictoryideas,“barefootshoes”isinaclassofitsown.Otherwisereferredtoas“minimalistfootwear”,theseshoesaredesignedtoreproducetheexperienceofnotwearingshoes.Byreturningtosomethingclosertothebarefootexperience,theargumentgoes,runnerscanimprovetheirhealthandreduceinjuries.Evolution(进化论)isonelineofargument.Afterall,humanshavebeenrunningbarefootformillionsofyears.Moderntrainers,withtheircushionedsoles(缓冲鞋底),chunky(厚实的)heelsandarchsupports,datebackonlytothe1970s.Supportersofbarefootshoesarguethatmodernfootwearmakesrunners’feetweak.Forexample,over75%ofathleteswearingconventionalshoesusearearfootstrike—wheretheheelhitsthegroundfirst.Forbarefootrunners,orthoseinminimalistshoes,thenumbersare40%and67%respectively.Thedifferenceislargelybecauseoftheshoedesign.Chunkierheelshitthegroundearlierandacushionedsoleprotectstheheelfromtheotherwisepainfulimpactofarearfootstrike.Barefootrunnersrelyonthefoot’sinbuiltsuspensionsystemtoreducethatimpact.Suchslightchangestothemechanicsofrunningcanhavebigeffectsonthebody.Onesmallstudyin2021foundthatsixmonthsofwearingminimalistfootwearcanincreasetoe-muscle(脚趾肌肉)strengthby57%.Another,from2018,reporteda40%increaseinjusteightweeks.Thoseaccustomedtowalkingandrunningbarefoot—suchastheKalenjintribeinKenya—havethickerfootmusclesandimprovedanklemobility.Supporterssaythatrunninginbarefootshoesshouldthereforemeanfewerinjuries.Butnostudyhasyetconfirmedthat.Theevidence,bothforandagainst,isinconclusive,withmoststudiesexaminingonlysmallnumbersofpeople.Somescientistsworryaboutincreasedloadsontheankle.Otherssuggestbarefootrunningmayactuallyincreaseratesofinjury,particularlyonhardsurfaces,oriftheswitchoccurstooquickly.Oneten-weekstudyfoundalmosthalfofrunnersswitchingtobarefootshoesshowedsignsofafluidbuild-upoftencausedbystressonthefoot.“Themostimportantthing,”saysAliGhoz,asurgeonattheLondonClinic,“isagradualintroduction.”28.Whydomostrunnersinconventionalshoesusearearfootstrike?A.Ithelpstostrengthentoemuscles.B.Itisencouragedbytheshoedesign.C.Itisthemostcomfortablerunningstyle.D.Itiswidelyadoptedbybarefootrunners.29.Whatriskmaycomewithbarefootshoes?A.Moreheelstrikes. B.Weakeranklejoints.C.Toomuchankleload. D.Fluidshortageinfeet.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbarefootshoes?A.Stronglysupportive. B.Slightlydoubtful.C.Fairlybalanced. D.Purelynegative.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Arebarefootshoesgoodforrunners?B.Whydomoderntrainerscauseweakfeet?C.Howtoavoidinjurieswhenrunningbarefoot?D.Doesthetransitiontobarefootshoestakelonger?9.（2026·江苏四市·联考）Sauerkraut(酸菜)haslongbeenabitplayerintheAmericandiet,justservingasasidetoppingonthesandwich.Butitstimeinthespotlightmaybehere.Anincreasingnumberofnutritionscientistsandfoodcompanieswantustoeatmorefermented(发酵的)foodslikeyogurt,kimchiandsauerkraut.Agrowingbodyofscientificresearchisfindingthatfermentedfoodsbenefithealth.WhenresearchersatStanfordputpeopleonadiethighinarangeoffermentedfoods,theyfoundtheirmicrobiomes(微生物组)becamemorediverseandthelevelsofcertaininflammation(炎症)markersdecreased.MariaMarco,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,foundinlabthatsauerkrautcontainsmorecompoundsthatprotecttheliningofthegutthanrawcabbagedoes.Thisc