打印-高考英语-技术类阅读理解训练二（2026高考大纲-【前沿技术+人文】命题方向）

2026高考大纲---【前沿技术+人文】命题方向1、太空居住难题Forcenturies,humanityhaslookedatthestarsanddreamedofwalkingondistantworlds.Today,thatdreamisclosertorealitythaneverbefore.WhilelandingontheMoonorMarsisasignificantachievement,therealchallengeliesinansweringamorecomplexquestion:howcanweensurelong-termsurvivalforhumansonanotherplanet?Establishingapermanent,self-sufficientcolonyonaplanetlikeMarspresentsenormousdifficulties.Themostimmediatethreatistheharshenvironment.UnlikeEarth,Marshasathinatmosphere,noprotectivemagneticfield,andextremelycoldtemperaturesaveraging-60degreesCelsius.Thismeanssettlerswouldbeexposedtodangerouslevelsofradiationfromthesunanddeepspace.Anyhabitatwouldrequireheavyshielding,perhapsusingMartiansoilorbuildingsettlementsinsidecavesorlavatubes.Anothercriticalissueisthesupplyofnecessities.Transportingfood,water,andbuildingmaterialsfromEarthisincrediblyexpensiveandimpracticalforalong-termcolony.Scientistsarethereforedevelopingtechnologiesforin-situresourceutilization(ISRU),whichmeans"usingresourcesontheground."Thisinvolvesextractingwatericefromthesoil,producingoxygenfromtheatmosphere,andevenusingthedirtto3D-printbuildings.Growingfoodincontrolledenvironments,withoutsoilandunderartificiallight,isanothervitalareaofresearch.Furthermore,thehumanbodyitselfisnotdesignedforlowgravity.OnMars,whichhasonlyaboutone-thirdofEarth'sgravity,long-termeffectscouldincludemuscleloss,boneweakening,andproblemswithorgans.ScientistsarestudyingtheseeffectsonastronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationtofindcountermeasures,suchasspecializedexerciseequipmentandartificialgravitysystems.Inconclusion,whilethegoalofaself-sustainingcityonanotherworldisstillfaroff,thefundamentalproblemsarebeingtackled.Eachbreakthroughinshielding,resourceutilization,andhumanbiologynotonlybringsusclosertobecominganinterplanetaryspeciesbutalsoleadstovaluableinnovationsforlifeonourhomeplanet.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A)ToexplainwhylivingonMarsisimpossible.B)Todiscussthekeychallengesoflong-termsurvivalonotherplanets.C)Todescribetheadvantagesoflivinginalow-gravityenvironment.D)TocomparetheatmospheresofEarthandMars.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarydangerofMars'sthinatmosphere?A)Itmakesitdifficulttogrowfood.B)Itcausesextremelylowtemperatures.C)Itfailstoprotectsettlersfromradiation.D)Itpreventstheextractionofwaterfromthesoil.3.Theunderlinedterm"in-situresourceutilization"(ISRU)inparagraph3mostlikelyreferstothepracticeof______.A)transportingessentialsuppliesfromEarthonaregularbasisB)creatingabreathableatmosphereinsideahabitatC)usinglocalmaterialsfoundontheplanettosupportlifeD)developingnewexerciseequipmentforlow-gravityenvironments4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheresearchmentionedinthepassage?A)Itwillonlybenefitfuturespacecolonists.B)Ithasalreadysolvedtheproblemoflowgravity.C)ItislikelytohavepracticalapplicationsonEarthaswell.D)ItfocusesmainlyonfindingwatericeontheMoon.2、AI帮助还是代替人Wearelivinginatimewhencomputersandsmartmachinesarebecomingabigpartofourdailylives.Artificialintelligence,orAI,helpsusdomanythings,fromfindingthefastestwayhometosuggestingsongswemightlike.ButasAIgrowsmorepowerful,animportantquestionarises:IsAIheretoreplaceusortohelpus?ManyexpertsbelievethatthetruepurposeofAIshouldbetoservepeople,nottotaketheirplace.Inotherwords,AIshouldworkasahelpfultoolthatmakesourliveseasierandourworkbetter.Itcandealwithboringordifficulttasks,likesortingthroughhugeamountsofinformation,sothathumanscanfocusonmorecreativeandmeaningfulwork.Agoodexamplecanbefoundinhospitals.AIsystemscannowlookatX-raypicturesandhelpfindillnessesataveryearlystage.Thisisagreathelptodoctors,becauseitsavestimeandprovidesusefulinformation.However,AIdoesnotmakedecisionsonitsown.Thefinalcallstilllieswiththedoctor,whoconsidersnotonlythedata,butalsothepatient'sfeelingsandpersonalsituation.Thehumantouchissomethingthatmachinessimplycannotcopy.Inschools,AIisalsomakingadifference.Itcanofferpersonalizedlessonsbasedoneachstudent'slearningpace.Ifastudentishavingtroublewithmath,AIcanprovideextrapractice.Ifanotherstudentfindssciencetooeasy,AIcanoffermorechallengingmaterials.Yet,nomachinecanreplacearealteacher.Ateacherencouragesstudents,understandstheirworries,andhelpsthemgrownotjustinknowledge,butaspeople.Ofcourse,somepeopleworrythatAImighttakeawayjobs.Itistruethatsomesimple,repetitivejobsmaybedonebymachinesinthefuture.Butjustasinthepast,newtechnologyalsocreatesnewkindsofjobs.ThekeyistolearnnewskillsandbereadytoworksidebysidewithAI.Afterall,therealgoalofAIisnottobeathumans,buttoworkforthem.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A)ToexplainwhyAIwillsoonreplaceteachersanddoctors.B)TodiscusshowAIshouldservehumansratherthanreplacethem.C)TolistallthejobsthatAIcandobetterthanhumans.D)TowarnpeopleaboutthedangersofusingAI.2.Theunderlinedphrase"thefinalcall"inparagraph3mostprobablymeans______.A)thelastphonecallofthedayB)thefinaldecisionC)themostdifficulttaskD)theonlychoice3.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofAIinschools?A)ToshowthatAIcanfullytaketheplaceofteachers.B)ToprovethatAIisonlyusefulformathandscience.C)ToexplainthatAIcanhelpstudentslearn,butteachersarestillneeded.D)Tosuggestthatschoolsshouldusemoremachinesinclass.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A)AIwillcauseeveryonetolosetheirjobs.B)Humansnolongerneedtolearnanythingnew.C)Althoughsomejobsmaychange,newchanceswillappear.D)AIwillcontroleverythinginthefutureworkplace.3、量子计算Inthefast-changingworldoftechnology,quantumcomputingisoneofthemostexcitingnewdevelopments.Traditionalcomputersprocessinformationinbits,whichcanonlybeeither0or1.Butquantumcomputersusequbits（量子比特）.Thankstoquantummechanics,aqubitcanbeboth0and1atthesametime.Thisallowsquantumcomputerstosolvecertainproblemsmillionsoftimesfasterthantoday'sbestsupercomputers.Recently,ateamfromtheChineseAcademyofSciencesandPekingUniversityachievedasignificantbreakthrough,publishedinthejournal

Nature.Theysuccessfullyfoundawaytocontrolaphenomenonknownas“prethermalization”inaquantumsystem

.Beforeaquantumsystemfallsintochaos—astatethatdestroysitscomputationalvalue—itentersthisbrief,stable“bufferzone.”Theteamnotonlyobservedthisphaseclearlybutalsolearnedhowtomakethisstableperiodlastlonger.Theycannowadjustthesystemlikeaconductorleadinganorchestra,givingscientistsmoretimetoperformcalculationsbeforethesystemfallsapart.Thisbreakthroughisabigsteptowardsolvingoneofthebiggestproblemsinquantumcomputingerrors.Quantumstatesareveryfragile.Smallchangesintheenvironmentcancausemistakes.Inclassicalcomputers,wecancopyinformationtofixerrors,butinquantumcomputing,copyingisnotpossible.Thenewmethodhelpskeepthequantumsystemstable,protectingtheinformationinside.Ifresearcherscancontinuetomakeprogress,quantumcomputerscouldchangetheworld.Theymighthelpscientistsdiscovernewmaterials,createbettermedicinesbystudyingmolecules,orimprovefinancialriskmanagement.However,therearestillmanychallenges.Forexample,tobuildausefulquantumcomputer,wemayneedmillionsofqubitsworkingtogether.Buteachnewdiscovery,likethisone,bringsusonestepclosertomakingquantumcomputingareality.1.Whatmakesqubitsdifferentfromtraditionalbits?A.Theyaresmallerandeasiertoproduce.B.Theycanbeboth0and1atthesametime.C.Theynevermakeerrorsduringcomputing.D.Theycanonlyworkinstableenvironments.2.WhatdidtheChineseresearchteamachieve?A.Theybuilttheworld'sfastestquantumcomputer.B.Theyfoundawaytocopyquantuminformation.C.Theylearnedhowtomakeaquantumsystemstaystablelonger.D.Theysolvedamedicalproblemusingaquantumcomputer.3.Inthepassage,theunderlinedword"prethermalization"refersto_____.A.thefinalstagewhenaquantumcomputerbecomestoohottoworkB.thebriefperiodofstabilitybeforeaquantumsystembecomeschaoticC.theprocessofcoolingdownqubitstomakethemmorestableD.themethodusedtocopyquantuminformationforerrorcorrection4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefutureofquantumcomputingfromthepassage?A.Itisalreadywidelyusedineverydaylife.B.Therearenomoreproblemstosolve.C.Scientistsarehopefulbutknowthereisstillworktodo.D.Itwillonlybeusedforfinancialmanagement.4、学霸机器人OnSeptember14,2025,"Xueba01",China'sfirstrobotPhDstudent,officiallyregisteredattheShanghaiTheatreAcademy(STA).Thiseventmarksahistoricmomentwhereartificialintelligencebecomespartofhighereducationintheperformingarts."Xueba01"wasdevelopedbyateamledbyProfessorLiQingdufromtheUniversityofShanghaiforScienceandTechnology.Itwillstudytheatricalandfilmstudies,withaspecialfocusondigitalperformancedesign.Asan"embodiedAI",therobotlearnsartisticcreationthroughphysicalinteractionwithitsenvironment.Standing1.75meterstallandweighingabout30kilograms,itfeaturesflexiblesiliconeskinthatallowsittomakehuman-likefacialexpressionsandgestures.Duringtheorientationceremony,"Xueba01"receiveditsstudentIDcardandhadaconversationwithPanTao,afamousCCTVnewshostwhowasalsostartinghisPhDatSTA.Aftertheirtalk,Pansharedhisimpression:"Itanswersveryfast.Itusesbothwordsandeyecontact,whichwasmorethanIexpected."Therobot'sdoctoralprogramconsistsofthreemaincomponents.Therearebasiccourseslikeperceptionmodelingandlanguageinteraction,whichhelptherobotunderstandandrespondtoitssurroundings.Artistictrainingincludesrole-playingandemotionalexpression,allowingittodevelopcreativeskills.System-basedstudiescoverdatafusionandethicalmodeling,ensuringtherobot'sbehavioralignswithhumanvalues.Throughoutitsstudies,"Xueba01"willworkalongsidehumanstudentsinworkshops,labresearch,andcreativeprojects.Thiscollaborationaimstoexplorenewformsofdigitalartthatcombinehumancreativitywithmachineintelligence.TheprojectrepresentsapartnershipbetweenSTAandtheUniversityofShanghaiforScienceandTechnology,bringingtogetherexpertiseinbothartsandengineering.ProfessorLiemphasizedthat"Xueba01"isnotintendedtoreplacehumanartistsbuttoserveasacreativepartner,bringingfreshperspectivestotheartisticprocess.AsChinacontinues