非谓语动词之动名词与现在分词课件高三英语二轮复习

V-ing动名词/现在分词1.现在分词2.动名词主语、宾语、表语、定语定语、状语、补语、进行时态主动形式

被动形式

一般式完成式V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-edV-ing的各种形式动名词作主语Eatingtoomuch

isunhealthy.Learninganewlanguage

takestimeandpatience.Notknowingtheanswermadehimnervous.It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.Itisnogoodstayinguplateoften.It'sawasteoftimearguingaboutit.Itisworthtryingthisnewmethod.常见的it作形式主语、动名词作真正主语的句型：动名词作宾语Shesuggestedgoingforawalk.Weareconsideringmovingtoanewcity.Sheisinterestedin

learningphotography.

(2021年全国甲卷)After

________(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat___________(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!

句意：在城墙上花了些时间观察所有防御设施后，我们决定该活动活动了——还有什么比骑上一件承载历史的物件更棒的呢！spending

(2021年全国乙卷)

Minimizetheimpactof

________(visit)theplace.visiting

(2023年全国乙卷)

Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears

(record)everythingIdiscovered.recordingbebusy(in)doingsth.havetrouble/difficulty/ahardtime/agoodtime(in)doingsth.Thereisnopoint/sense/use(in)doingsthHeenjoys_______(read)sciencefictionnovelsinhisfreetime.​Weshouldpractice_______(speak)Englisheverydaytoimproveouroralskills.Shewants_______(join)theschoolEnglishcornertopractiseheroralEnglish.​Mysisterfinished_______(do)hermathhomeworkbeforewatchingTVlastnight.Theyavoid_______(eat)toomuchsweetfoodbecauseit’sbadforteeth.​​Shekeeps_______(write)inadiarytorecordherdailylife.​​Tomcan’timagine_______(live)withouthismobilephone.Theytalkedabout_______(go)totheparkforapicnicnextSunday.​Without_______(drink)enoughwater,youmayfeeltiredeasily.​Myparentsareproudof_______(win)the“ModelFamily”awardinourcommunity.​Sheisusedto_______(get)upearlyinthemorning.readingpracticespeakingtojoindoingeatingwritinglivinggoingdrinkingwinninggettingforgettodosth.有些动词既可以接不定式又可以接动名词做宾语，但是意义有差别。forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事rememberdoingsth记得做过某事regretdoingsth.后悔/抱歉做过某事(已做)meandoingsth.意味着做某事stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事情trydoingsth.尝试做某事忘记要去做某事remembertodosth.记得要去做某事regrettodosth.遗憾要做某事(未做)meantodosth.计划做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事trytodosth.努力做某事Missingthistrainmeans_______(wait)foranotherhouratthestation.Ididn’tmean_______(hurt)yourfeelings.Ijusttoldthetruth.Ifyoudon’tlikethispen,youcantry_______(use)thatblueone.Itwritesmoresmoothly.Iwilltry_______(finish)myEnglishessaybeforethisSunday.TheteacheraskedTomtostop_______(talk)withhisdeskmateinclass.Afterstudyingforanhour,westopped_______(drink)acupofwatertorelax.Heregrets_______(play)computergamesallnightlastFriday.Hefeltverytiredinclassthenextday.Iregret_______(tell)youthatourschooltripnextweekiscanceled.Sheforgot_______(meet)meattheschoolgateyesterday.Shesaidshehadnomemoryofit.Ohno!Iforgot_______(turn)offthelightsinmybedroombeforeleavinghome.Iclearlyremember_______(hand)inmymathhomeworktotheteacherthismorning.Don’tforget!Youmustremember_______(bring)yourtextbooktoclasstomorrow.waitingtohurtusingtofinishtalkingtodrinkplayingtotellmeetingtoturnhandingtobringpractice

(2025年浙江1月卷)“Ireallywanttomakethisworkforpeople’slivestoday,andIknowthatdoesn’talwaysmean__________(return)adressontheMondayafteraspecialweekend,”shesays.句意：……这并不总是意味着要在某个特别的周末过后的周一就归还衣服。根据句意可知，mean此处意为“意味着”，meandoingsth是固定搭配，意为“意味着做某事”。returningIheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.Iwokeupandfoundmyselflyingonthefloor.Theteachercaughtthestudentcheatingintheexam.Don'tkeepyourmotherwaiting.Weneedtokeepthefireburningtostaywarmatnight.Thebosshadtheworkersworkingallnight.Don'tworry,I'llhavethecarwaitingforyouattheairport.Don’tleave

thewaterrunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth.Hiswordsleftmefeelingconfused.现在分词作宾语补足语正在做一直做/处于某种状态一感feel二听listento,hear五看see,lookat,watch,notice,observe三使keep,have,leave一发现find一抓住catch

(2023年新课标1卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamer(一笼)is

(rare)enough,yettwoseemgreedy(贪心的),soIamalwaysleft__________(want)morenexttime.句意：无论我在哪里买，一笼（小笼包）很少够吃，但两笼又显得贪心，所以我总是想着下次再多要一些。wanting动名词/单个现在分词作定语aswimmingpoolareadingroomasleepingcarasleepingbabyboilingwater动名词作定语表示被修饰者（名词）的作用或功能单个现在分词作定语表示被修饰者（名词）正在进行的、主动的动作或状态apoolforswimmingaroomforreadingacarforsleepingababywhoissleepingwaterwhichisboiling

(2023年新课标II卷)Theytalkedtothefloodof(大批，大量)internationaltouristsandto_________(visit)Chinesezookeepers(动物管理员)whooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloan(借用)fromChina.句意：他们要和蜂拥而来的国际游客，以及来访的中国动物管理员交谈。这些动物管理员会经常来为从中国借来的大熊猫做检查。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空前作前置定语，修饰空后的“Chinesezookeepers”，visit与Chinesezookeepers之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。visiting

(2022年新高考II卷)Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony,Henryranonehundredmiles,jumpedover1.2-metrefence(围栏),andheldouthisarms(伸出手)tocatch(抓住)the________(fall下落)child.句意：当亨利看到一个小孩挂在公寓六楼的阳台上时，他立刻飞奔过去，跳过了1.2米高的围栏，随即伸出双臂，去接住那个正在坠落的孩子。“thefallingchild”指“正在下落的孩子”，符合语境中Henry伸手去接的即时性动作（孩子当时正处于下落过程中），逻辑上“child”与“fall”是主动关系（孩子主动下落），故用现在分词。falling（2021新高考I卷）Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlights(为……增添了亮点)thewholeadventure(探险)andoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour___________(ache)legs.句意：虽然它是你登山途中唯一非自然的事物，但它仍然为整个探险增添了亮点，并提供了一个可以坐下休息、缓解双腿酸痛的地方。“achinglegs”为常用搭配，用现在分词作定语，描述“双腿处于疼痛的状态”，逻辑上“legs”与“ache”是主动关系（腿自身感到疼痛），符合“休息酸痛双腿”的语境。achingTheman

standingthere

isPeter'sfather.Thetreegrowinginouryardis10yearsold.Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.现在分词短语作定语描述被修饰者正在进行的、主动的动作或状态Theman

whoisstandingthere

isPeter'sfather.Thetreewhichgrowsinouryardis10yearsold.Theylivedinaroomwhichfacesthestreet.Thetallbuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewschool.Thequestionbeingdiscussednowwasraisedbytheheadmaster.表示“正在被做”，用beingdoneThetallbuilding____________nextyearisournewschool.tobebuiltIneedanew__________(run)machinetoexerciseathome.Weneedtobuyanew__________(wash)machine.Hesatinthe__________(wait)roomforanhour.Don'tdisturbthe__________(sleep)child.The__________(cry)babyneedstobefed.Wewerewokenupbya__________(bark)dog.Thereisa______(burn)candleonthetable.Becarefulnottotouchit.Thegirl________(play)basketballontheplaygroundismybestfriend.​Thestudents_________(listen)totheteachercarefullyarefromClass2.Theproblem________________(discuss)nowisaboutenvironmentalprotection.​​Thisisthepark_________(attract)manyvisitorseveryweekend.​Look!Thehouse___________(paint)isournewclassroombuilding.Theboy_____________(punish)bytheteacherlooksverysad.​playinglisteningbeingdiscussedattractingbeingpaintedbeingpunishedrunningwashingwaitingsleepingcryingbarkingburningpractice现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致，且分词动作与句子主语存在逻辑意义上的主谓关系。TrueorFalse.Beingtired,IaskedJohntohavearest.Beingtired,Johnhadarest.现在分词短语作状语让步方式现在分词短语作状语1.Standingbythewindow,Isawabeautifulflower.2.Beingsick,hedidn'tgotoschool.3.Hesatonthesofa,readingabook.4.Usingthenewtool,youwillfinishthetaskquickly.5.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.6.Usingakey,heopenedthedoor.7.Workinghard,hefailedtheexam.时间原因结果伴随条件主动动作/持续的状态（2024全国二卷）

(recall回忆)watchingaChineseopera(京剧)version(版本)ofShakespeare’splay(戏剧)RichardIIIinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperform(表演)parts(选段)ofThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》),Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”句意：埃德蒙森回忆起曾在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的京剧改编版，还回忆起几年前中国演员来斯特拉特福表演《牡丹亭》选段的情景，他说：“能听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧如何被演绎，非常令人兴奋。”此处需要用现在分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语“Edmondson”，“Edmondson”与“recall”（回忆）之间是主动关系（Edmondson主动回忆起相关经历），因此用现在分词“Recalling”。该分词短语在句中作伴随状语，说明Edmondson在说这番话时回忆起的内容，符合“回忆”与“说话”同时伴随发生的逻辑。Recalling（2023全国甲卷）“Therewasonce(曾经)atownintheheartofAmerica,wherealllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings(与周围环境和平共处),”herfable(寓言)begins,

(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-old(古老的)fables.句意：“在美国的中心曾经有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都与周围环境和平共处，”她的寓言这样开头，同时借用了许多古老寓言中一些熟悉的词句。此处需要用现在分词作伴随状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语“herfable”，“寓言”与“borrow（借用）”之间是主动关系（寓言主动借用了词语），现在分词“borrowing”在此处说明“寓言开始”这一动作发生时伴随的情况，符合语境。borrowing（2022新高考I卷）__________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.句意：该国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，它将成为该国首批国家公园之一。此处需用现在分词作状语，逻辑主语是主句的主语“theGPNP”（国家公园），“国家公园”与“cover（覆盖）”之间是主动关系（公园覆盖某一区域），现在分词“Covering”在此处作伴随状语，说明国家公园的面积情况。Covering（2022全国甲卷）Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgar(喀什)onSept.20,___________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.解析：此处需用现在分词作伴随状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语“He”，“He”与“plan（计划）”之间是主动关系（他主动计划徒步返回）。现在分词“planning”在此处说明“他从西安飞往喀什”这一动作发生时伴随的情况——他计划在五个月内徒步返回西安，符合动作伴随发生的逻辑。翻译：9月20日，他从西安飞行4700公里抵达喀什，计划在五个月内徒步返回西安。planning（2022全国乙卷）___________(strengthen加强)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotional(推广的)activitiesonsocialmedia,__________(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionals(专业人士)fromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterrupted(不间断的)livebroadcasts(现场直播).

此处需用现在分词作伴随状语，逻辑主语是“theevent”（活动），“活动”与“invite（邀请）”之间是主动关系（活动主动邀请专业人士），现在分词“inviting”在此处说明活动包含的具体内容，与“included”构成伴随关系。翻译：为了加强与年轻人的联系，该活动在社交媒体上开展了多项公共推广活动，邀请了来自全球的29位茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断直播。Tostrengtheninviting（2022浙江1月）ButCobbandothers

_____(be)nowquestioningthatidea-pushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotelyand__________(change)theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.解析：连词“and”连接两个并列的现在分词短语，与前面的“pushing”保持结构一致（均为现在分词作伴随状语），表示“推动会议提供更多远程参与机会”和“改变个人行为”两个并列动作翻译：但科布和其他人现在正在质疑这一观点——他们推动会议提供更多远程参与的机会，并改变个人行为，为应对气候变化危机贡献自己的力量。arechangingHavingfinishedhishomework,hewentouttoplay.HavinglivedinLondonforyears,heknewthecityverywell.现在分词完成式（主动式）主要用来作原因状语、时间状语。havingdone如果两个动作有明显先后，且想强调先后关系，用完成式Walkinginthepark,Imetanoldfriend.(几乎)同时发生分词动作发生在主句动作之前Beingsick,hedidn'tgotoschool.表示状态的原因都用一般式（2023全国乙卷）

(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.句意：在过去的10年里我曾到访数次，新旧交融的景象令我惊叹不已，这座城市在持续发展的同时，竟能保留如此丰富的遗产。"overthelast10years"表示的是从过去持续到“感到惊讶”那一刻的一段时间。这意味着在“感到惊讶”的时候，“访问数次”这个经历已经是一个完成的状态，是导致“惊讶”这个感受的原因。完成式havingvisited完美地表达了“在过去十年中已经完成多次访问”这层含义。Havingvisited_________(walk)alongthestreetafterschool,Imetmyoldclassmate.______________(finish)allhishomework,Tomwenttotheplaygroundtoplayfootballwithhisfriends.______________(clean)theclassroomcarefully,thestudentsleftschoolonebyone.Mysistersatonthesofa__________(read)astorybook.Shestoodbythewindow_________(watch)thechildrenplayinginthepark.Hewalkeddownthestreet__________(look)attheshopwindowsfromtimetotime.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,___________(make)itthemostpopularsong.Jackranoutoftheclassroomquickly,________(shout)“I’mlateforthemusiclesson!”____________(study)Chineseforthreeyears,Ifinallyfoundtheculturemucheasiertounderstand.______________(be)toBeijingtwicebefore,hehadnotroublefindingtheway.WalkingHavingfinishedHavingcleanedreadingwatchinglookingmakingshoutingpracticeHavingstudiedHavingbeen一般来说从……判断从全盘考虑e.g.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。generallyspeakingjudgingby/from...takingeverythingintoconsiderationJudgingfromhisbehaviour,hemustbemad.V-ing的固定形式Itrainedheavilyforseveraldays,________(cause)severefloodsinthecountry.Mikesawahugehorse_________(run)towardshimandwasfrightenedtoscream.Theissue___________(talk)aboutintheirfamilynowisveryimportanttothem.Marywrotealettertoherparents,________