Unit1ScienceFictionDiscoveringUsefulStructure课件高中英语人教版选择性

Period3Reviewusefulstructures

ReviewthePassiveVoice

Unit1ScienceFictionWhatispassivevoice?Thevideoofrobotmartialartsperformanceatthe2026ChineseSpringFestivalGalaiswidely

(praise)byaudiencesallovertheworld.ThisbrilliantshownamedWuBOTisjointly

(perform)byhumanoidrobotsfromYushuTechnologyandmartialartsteenagersfromTagouMartialArtsSchool,andit

(regard)asoneofthemostinnovativeprogramsinthegala.praised

performedisregardedthepassivevoiceThedefinitionofthepassivevoiceispraisedisperformedisregarded语态是动词的一种形式，表示

之间的关系。英语语态分为

两种。在

中强调的是执行动作的人或物，即主语是动作的执行者；而在

中强调的是接受动作的人或物，即主语是动作的承受者。be+done主语和谓语动词主动语态和被动语态主动语态被动语态

The

passivevoiceoftenses

Structuresofpassivevoice使用被动语态的句子，谓语动词的形式是“be＋动词过去分词”，被

动语态的时态体现在系动词be上。常见的被动语态形式如下表：时态一般时态进行时态完成时态现在过去将来am/is/are

donewas/weredoneshall/willbe

doneam/is/arebeing

donewas/werebeing

donehas/havebeendonehadbeendoneshall/willhavebeendoneTheusageofthepassivevoice1.不知道动作的执行者/没有必要指出动作的执行者Everyclassroom

(equip)withanewTVsetinthisschool.2.强调动作的承受者Traditionalfolkartslikepapercutting

(exhibit)atthecultureshownow.3.文章标题，广告新闻中Satisfaction

(guarantee)isequippedarebeingexhibitedGuaranteed

Tips判断主语是动作发出者还是动作承受者(主谓之间有无被动)；判断语句中的时态（根据时间状语、从句、句意）；动词的被动语态与主语保持一致（第三人称人数、复数等）。【运用练】单句语法填空（P13-14）①（2024·北京卷）On

April

5，

2024，

John

Tinniswood

⁠

（name）

the

world’s

oldest

living

man.②（2023·1月浙江卷）Citizens

of

higher

social

classes

⁠

（permit）

to

live

closer

to

the

center

of

the

circles.was

named

were

permitted

Practiceofpassivevoice③（2023·天津卷）The

wooden

tower

that

⁠

（restore）

will

be

open

to

tourists

soon，

and

the

work

is

almost

finished.④A

rescue

worker

risked

his

life

saving

two

tourists

who

⁠

（trap）

in

the

mountains

for

two

days.is

being

restored

had

been

trapped

Practiceofpassivevoice（2024·全国甲卷）What

should

（do）

with

such

a

beautiful

place？be

done

几种常见结构的主动语态和被动语态之间的转换主语+谓语+宾语主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语将主动语态转换为被动语态的核心是将主动句中的宾语转换成主语。1.主动被动的转换

Specialstructures主语+谓语+宾语主动句：He

broke

thecup.被动句：Thecup

wasbrokenbyhim.1.主动被动的转换

Specialstructures将主动语态转换为被动语态的核心是将主动句中的宾语转换成主语。主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)主动句：Myfatheristelling

me

aninterestingstorynow.间接宾语直接宾语被动句：

aninterestingstorybymyfathernow.被动句：tomebymyfathernow.将间接宾语变为被动句的主语时，保留直接宾语。将直接宾语变为被动句的主语时，间接宾语的前面要加上介词for或to。1.主动被动的转换

SpecialstructuresambeingtoldisbeingtoldIAninterestingstory主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)主动句：WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks，theygavemethesethreeasgifts，whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.间接宾语直接宾语被动句：thesethreeasgiftsbythem.被动句：

tomeasgiftsbythem.1.主动被动的转换

Specialstructures将间接宾语变为被动句的主语时，保留直接宾语。将直接宾语变为被动句的主语时，间接宾语的前面要加上介词for或to。IwasgivenThesethreeweregiven主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语注意：并非所有双宾语结构都能变成两种形式的被动句，当直接宾语是从句时，就不能变成被动句的主语。1.主动被动的转换

Specialstructures主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语主动句：Hiswordsmade

me

feelhappy.被动句：

I

wasmade

tofeelhappybyhiswords.宾语宾语补足语在主动语态中，make、hear、see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中，则不能省略to。将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不动。1.主动被动的转换

Specialstructures

Practice【运用练】

将句子改为被动语态He

can’t

have

been

off

long，

for

I

heard

him

make

a

call

in

the

passage

just

now.→Hecan’thavebeenofflong，forhe

in

thepassage（byme）justnow.I

was

made

（realise）

what

terrible

problems

we

would

face

by

the

shocking

news.was

heard

to

make

a

call

to

realise

在主动语态中，make、hear、see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中，则不能省略to。将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不动。Summary主语+谓语+宾语将主动语态转换为被动语态的核心是将主动句中的宾语转换成主语。主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)将间接宾语变为被动句的主语时，保留直接宾语。将直接宾语变为被动句的主语时，间接宾语的前面要加上介词for或to。主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不动。在主动语态中，make、hear、see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中，则不能省略to。1.主动被动语态之间的转换Accidentslikethishappenallthetime.不及物动词，如happen，appear,rise,occur,lie，spread等（本身意义完整，不需要接宾语，即没有动作地承受者）。

Specialstructures2.不能用被动语态的情况Thenews

(spread)quicklyspreadNumerals

consistoftwotypes:thecardinalandtheordinal.某些固定短语，如takeplace(发生),breakout(爆发),runout(用光),belongto(属于),consistof(由......组成)等。

Specialstructures2.不能用被动语态的情况Thewarwasbrokenoutin1941.Thewarbrokeoutin1941.√Theideasoundsfineintheory，butwillitwork？连系动词如look、sound、smell、feel、taste、remain、seem、hear、appear、prove等后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。

SpecialstructuresThefood

(taste)delicious.

tastes主动表示被动意义2.不能用被动语态的情况Thiskindofclothwasheseasilyandlastslong.表示主语性质的不及物动词

wash、write、sell、open、close、shut、lock、cook、cut等与easily、well、perfectly等副词时。

SpecialstructuresMynewpen

(write)well.writes2.不能用被动语态的情况主动表示被动意义Mywifetellsmethatthisladder

needsrepairing.动词need、want、require、deserve、demand等后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，此时动名词的主动形式可与不定式的被动形式互换。

needdoing=needtobedone=Mywifetellsmethatthisladder

needstoberepaired.

Specialstructures2.不能用被动语态的情况主动表示被动意义Ithinkthenovelisworthreadingagain.ThepolicyispartlytoblameforcausingtheworstunemploymentinEurope.“beworthdoing”和“betoblame”结构中，动词-ing形式或动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义

Specialstructures2.不能用被动语态的情况主动表示被动意义Thewaterisnotfittodrink，soholdoutuntilwegettotheshop.在“主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”句型中，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。此句型常用的形容词有

amusing、comfortable、dangerous、difficult、easy、fit、hard、important、impossible、interesting、nice、pleasant、funny等

Specialstructures2.不能用被动语态的情况主动表示被动意义Ihavealotofworktodoatpresent.Thereisalotofwork

tobedone.动词不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间构成动宾关系，且句中出现动作的逻辑主语时，要用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

Specialstructures2.不能用被动语态的情况主动表示被动意义Thequestion

(discuss)isimportant.Wehaveaquestion

(discuss)inclass.tobediscussedtodiscussSummary2.不能用被动语态的情况不及物动词，如happen,appear,rise,occur,lie,spread等（本身意义完整，不需要接宾语，即没有动作地承受者）。某些固定短语，如

takeplace(发生),breakout(爆发),runout(用光),belongto(属于),consistof(由......组成)等。主动表示被动意义连系动词如look、sound、smell、feel、taste、remain、seem、hear、appear、prove等后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。表示主语性质的不及物动词wash、write、sell、open、close、shut、lock、cook、cut等与easily、well、perfectly等副词时。Summary动词need、want、require、deserve、demand等后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，此时动名词的主动形式可与不定式的被动形式互needdoing=needtobedone“beworthdoing”和“betoblame”结构中，动词-ing形式或动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义在“主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”句型中，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。此句型常用的形容词有amusing、comfortable、dangerous、difficult、easy、fit、hard、important、impossible、interesting、nice、pleasant、funny等动词不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间构成动宾关系（被动关系），且句中出现动作的逻辑主语时。

Practice【运用练】单句语法填空His

books

（sell）

well，

so

they

will

be

sold

out

soon.The

pen

my

father

gave

me

as

a

birthday

gift

（write）

smoothly.These

small

trees

need

（take）

good

care

of.Whois

(blame)forthemistake?To

make

way

for

the

wide

street，

these

houses

need

（pull）

down.sell

writes

taking/to

be

taken

toblamepulling=tobepulled

Specialstructures“get+done”构成被动语态用来表示状态或情况,常考的形式如：

getmarried结婚getengaged订婚

gethurt/wounded受伤getlost迷路

getdrunk喝醉了

getcaught/stuck/trapped被困getdressed穿好衣服

getrunover被(车)轧3.被动意义的其他结构

Specialstructures有一类接宾语从句的动词，如say,expect,report,think,believe,suppose,consider,know等，用it作形式主语的固定搭配。Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…Itishopedthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itisbelievedthat…

Specialstructures非谓语动词的被动情况。

Thehousetobebuilt

nextyearisourlab.Thehousebeingbuilt

nowisourlab.Thehouse

built

lastyearisourlab.Mr

Smith

felt

upset

for

（turn）

away

from

the

concert

he

had

longed

for.

The

historical

novel

（publish）

next

month

is

based

on

a

true

story.being

turned

to

be

published

表将来和被动表进行和被动

Specialstructures动词短语在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如

此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。The

nursing

worker

took

good

care

of

the

old

man，which

reassured

us

much.→The

old

man

was

taken

good

care

of

by

the

nursing

worker，which

reassured

us

much.Summary主语+谓语+宾语主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语主动被动语态之间的转换不能用被动语态的情况不及物动词，如happen等本身意义完整，不需要接宾语。某些固定短语，如takeplace(发生)等。主动表示被动意义连系动词如look等后接表语时表示主语性质的不及物动词wash等与easily、等副词时动词needdoing=needtobedone等beworthdoing”和“betoblame”主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式动词不定式作定语...被动意义的其他结构“get+done”构成被动语态用it作形式主语的固定搭配非谓语动词的被动情况动词短语

Practice单句语法填空1.（2025·全国一卷听力）TodayisWednesday.Students

(dismiss)anhourandahalfearlyonWednesdays.2.（2025·全国一卷）Wholeneighbourhoods

(destroy)tomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.3.（2025·全国二卷）ThoughwastEDreceivedenthusiasticreviews,it

(design)fromthestartasashort-livedexperiment;BlueHillhassincereturnedtoitsregularmenu.aredismissedweredestroyedwasdesigned

Practice单句语法填空4.（2025·全国一卷）Theplayers'personalities

(reveal)duringthegame,andone'sweaknessesareexposedtotheopponent.5.（2024·新课标I卷听力）He

(vote)NationalSportsWriteroftheYeareleventimes.6.(2023·全国甲卷)Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescan

(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.arerevealedhasbeenvotedbeemployed

Practice完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用被动语态

The

Wandering

Earth

is

a

science

fiction

novel

which

1.

⁠

（刘慈欣所写）.It

2.

（被认为是）one

of

the

best

science

fiction

stories.

After

the

novel

3.

（被出版），it

drew

wide

attention.

The

story

of

the

novel

4.

(基于科学)，imagination

and

personal

experience.

is

written

by

Liu

Cixin

is

considered

as

waspublished

is

based

on

science

Practice完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用被动语态The

novel

5.

⁠

（已被翻译成许多种语言）

so

far.

Now

it

6.

⁠

（正被全世界的人们阅读）

and

it

7.

⁠