2025年历年英语六级阅读真题

历年英语六级阅读真题

12月英语六级阅读真题及答案选词填空

Thenumberofdevicesyoucantalktoismultiplying-firstit

wasyourphone,thenyourcat,andnowyoucantellyourkitchen

applianceswhattodo.Butevenwithoutgadgetsthatunderstand

ourspokencommands,researchsuggeststhat,asbizarreisit

sounds,undercertain_26_peopleregularlyascribehumantraits

toeverydayobjects.

Sometimesweseethingsashumanbecauseweare_27_In

oneexperiment,peoplewhoreportedfeelingisolatedweremore

likelythanotherstoattribute28tovariousgadgets.Inturn,

feelingclosetoobjectscan_29_loneliness.Whencollege

studentswereremindedofatimetheyhadbeen_30_inasocial

setting,theycompensatedbyexaggeratingtheirnumberoffriends­

unlesstheywerefirstgiventasksthatcausedthemtointeractwith

theirphoneasifithadhumanqualities.Accordingtothe

researchers,theparticipantsphones_31_substitutedforreal

friends.

Atothertimes,wepersonifyproductsinaneffortto

understandthem.Onestudyfoundthatthreeinfourrespondents

yelledattheircomputer.Further,themoretheircomputergave

themproblems,themorelikelytherespondentsweretoreport

thatithaditsown"beliefsand_32_

Sohowdopeopleassigntrailstoanobject?Inpar,werelyon

looks.Onhumanswidefacesare_33_withdominance.Similarly,

peopleratedcurs,clocks,andwatcheswithwidefacesasmore

dominant-lookingthannarrow-facedones,andpreferredthem-

especiallyin_34_situations.AnanalysisofcarsalesinGermany

foundthatcarswithgrilles(护栅)thatwereupturnedlikesmiles

soldbest.Thepurchaserssawthis_35_asincreasingacars

friendliness.

A)alleviate

B)apparently

C)arrogant

D)associated

E)circumstances

F)competitive

G)conceded

H)consciousness

I)desires

J)excluded

K)feature

L)lonely

M)separate

N)spectacularly

0)warrant

(26)E

(27)L

(28)H

(29)A

(30)J

(31)B

(32)1

(33)D

(34)F

(35)K

12月英语六级阅读真题及答案段落匹配

WhyMoreFarmersAreMakingTheSwitchtoGrass-FedMeat

andDairy

A)Thoughhedidntcomefromafarmingfamily,fromayoung

ageTimJosephwasfascinatedbytheideaoflivingofftheland.

ReadingmagazineslikeTheStockmanGrassFarmerandGraze,he

gothookedontheideaofgrass-fedagriculture.Theideathatall

energyandwealthcomesfromthesunreallyintriguedhim.He

thoughttheshorterthedistancebetweenthesunandtheend

product,thehighertheprofittothefarmer.

B)Josephwantedtoputthistheorytothetest.In20XX,he

andhiswifeLauralaunchedMapleHillCreamery,anorganic,all

grass-fedyogurtcompanyinnorthernNewYork.Hequicklylearned

whatthemarkethasdemonstrated:Demandforgrass-fedproducts

currentlyexceedssupply.Grass-fedbeefisenjoyinga25-30%

annualgrowthrate.Salesofgrass-fedyogurtandkefir(发酵乳饮品),

ontheotherhand,haveinthelastyearincreasedbyover38%.This

isincomparisonwithadropofjustunder1%inthetotalyogurt

andkefirmarket,accordingtonaturalandorganicmarketresearch

companySPINS.Josephstopprioritybecamegettinghishandson

enoughgrass-fedmilktokeepcustomerssatisfied,sincehisown

64-cowherdwasntgoingtosuffice.

C)HisfirstpartnershipwaswithPaulandPhyllisAmburgh,

ownersoftheDharmaLeafarminNewYork.TheAmburghs,too,

weretruebelieversingrass-fed.Inadditiontosupplyingmilkfrom

theirown85-headherd,theybegantohelpotherfarmersinthe

areaconvertfromconventionaltocertifiedorganicandgrass-fedin

ordertoentertheMapleHillsupplychain.Since20XX,thecouple

hashelped125smalldairyfarmsconverttograss-fed,withmore

than80%ofthosefarmscomingonboardduringthelasttwoyears.

D)AllthisconversionhashelpedMapleHillgrow40-50%every

yearsinceitbegan,withnoendinsight.Josephhaslearnedthata

farmerhastohaveacertainmindsettosuccessfullyconvert.But

convincingopen-mindeddairypeopleisactuallynotthathard,

whenyoulookattheeconomics.Grassfedmilkcanfetchupto2.5

timesthepriceofconventionalmilk.Anotherfactoristhesqueeze

thatconventionaldairyfarmershavefeltasthepriceofgrainthey

feedtheircowshasgoneup,tighteningtheirprofitmargins.By

replacingexpensivegrainfeedwithregenerativemanagement

practices,grass-fedfarmersareinsulatedfromjumpsinthepriceof

feed.Thesepracticesincludegrazinganimalsongrassesgrown

fromthepasturelandsnaturalseedbank,andfertilizedbythecows

ownfertilizer.

E)Championsofthistypeofregenerativegrazingalsopointto

itsanimalwelfare,climateandhealthbenefits:Grass-fedanimals

livelongeroutofconfinement.Grazingherdsstimulate

microbial(微生物的)activityinthesoil,helpingtocapturewater

andseparatecarbon.Andgrass-feddairyandmeathavebeen

showntobehigherincertainnutrientsandhealthyfats.

F)Inthegrass-fedsystem,farmersarealsonotsubjecttothe

wildlyfluctuatingmilkpricesoftheinternationalcommodity

market.Theunpredictabilityofglobaldemandandthelag-timeit

takestoaddmorecowstoaherdtomeetdemandcanresultin

eventsliketherecentcheesesurplus.Goinggras-fedisasafe

refuge,awayforfamily-scalefarmstostayviable.Usuallyafarmer

willgettothepointwherefinancially,whattheyredoingisnot

working.ThatswhentheycallMapleHill.Ifthefarmiswell

managedandhasenoughland,andthedesiretoconvertissincere,

arelationshipcanbegin.Throughregularregionaleducational

meetings,alargeannualmeeting,individualfarmvisitsand

thousandsofphonecalls,theAmburghspassontheprinciplesof

pasturemanagement.MapleHillsignsacontractpledgingtobuy

thefarmersmilkataguaranteedbaseprice,plusqualitypremiums

andincentivesforhigherprotein,butter-fatandothersolids.

G)WhileMapleHillsconversionprogramisunusuallyhands-on

andcomprehensive,itsjustoneofagrowingnumberofbusinesses

committedtoslowlychangingthewayAmericafarms.Josephcalls

sharinghisknowledgenetworkthroughpeer-to-peerlearninga

corepieceofthecompanysculture.Lastsummer,Massachusetts

grass-fedbeefadvocateJohnSmithlaunchedBigPictureBeef,a

networkofsmallgrass-fedbeeffarmsinNewEnglandandNew

Yorkthatisprojectedtobringtomarket2,500headofcattlefrom

125producersthisyear.EarlyindicationsarethatSmithwillhave

noshortageoffarmmembers.Sincehebegantoinformally

announcethenetworkatfarmingconferencesandonsocialmedia,

hesreceivedasteadystreamofinquiriesfrominterestedfarmers.

H)Smithsayshellprovideservicesrangingfromformal

seminarstoon-farmworkshopsonholistic(整体的)management,

toone-on-onehand-holdingandanalmost24/7phonehotlinefor

farmerswhoareconverting.Inexchange,heguaranteesan

above-marketpriceforeachanimalandacalf-to-customer

electroniceartagIDsystemlikethatusedintheEuropeanUnion.

I)Thoughadvocatesportraygrassfedproductsasawin-win

situationforall,theydohavedownsides.Price,forone,isanissue.

Josephsayshisproductsarepriced10-20%aboveorganicversions,

butdependingontheproductchosen,comparedtonon-organic

conventionalyogurt,consumerscouldpayapremiumof30-50%or

moreforgrass-fed.Asforthemeat,Smithsayshisgrass-fed

hamburgerwillbepriced20-25%overtheconventionalalternative.

ButalookatthepricesononlinegrocerFreshDirectsuggestsa

grass-fedpremiumofanywherefrom35-60%.

J)Andnoteveryfarmerhastheoptionofgoinggrass-fed.For

bothbeefanddairyproduction,itrequires,atleastinthebeginning,

morepastureland.Grass-fedbeefproductiontendstobemore

labor-intensiveaswell.ButSmithcountersthatifyoufactorinthe

hiddencostofgovernmentcormsubsidies,environment

degradation,anddecreasedhumanhealthandanimalwelfare,

grass-fedisthemorecost-effectivemodel."Thesunprovidesthe

lowestcostofproductionandthecheapestmeat,"hesays.

K)Anothergrass-fedboosterspurringfarmerstoconvertis

EPIC,whichmakesmeat-basedproteinbars.FoundersTaylor

Collinsandhiswife,KatieForrest,usedtobeenduranceathletes;

nowtheyreadvocatesofgrass-fedmeat.Soonafterlaunching

EPICsmostsuccessfulproduct-theBisonBaconCranberryBar-

CollinsandForrestfoundtheydexhaustedtheirsourcesfor

bison”匕美里于牛)raisedexclusivelyonpasture.Whentheystarted

researchingthesupplychain,theylearnedthatonly2-3%ofall

bisonisactuallygrass-fed.Therestisfeed-lotconfinedandfed

grainandcorm.

L)ButafterGeneralMillsboughtEPICin20XX,Collinsand

Forrestsuddenlyhadtheresourcestheyneededtoexpandtheir

supplychain.SothecompanyteamedupwithWisconsin-based

rancherNorthstarBison.EPICfrontedthemoneyforthepurchase

of$2.5millionworthofyoungbisonthatwillberaisedaccordingto

itsgrass-fedprotocols,withaguaranteedpurchaseprice.The

messagetoyoungpeoplewhomightnototherwisebeableto

affordtobreakintothebusinessis,"YoucarPurchasethisS3

millionpieceoflandhere,becauseImguaranteeingyoutodayyoull

have1,000bisononit.Werebringingnewbloodintotheold,

conventionalfarmingecosystem,whichisreallycooltosee,"Collins

explains.

36.Farmersgoinggrass-fedarenotaffectedbythe

ever-changingmilkpricesoftheglobalmarket.

37.Overtheyears,TimJosephspartnershavehelpedmany

dairyfarmerstoswitchtograss-fed.

38.Oneadvocatebelievesthatmanyotherbenefitsshouldbe

takenintoconsiderationwhenweassessthecost-effectivenessof

grass-fedfarming.

39.Manydairyfarmerswerepersuadedtoswitchtograss-fed

whentheysawitsadvantageintermsofprofits.

40.TimJosephsgrass-fedprogramisonlyoneexampleofhow

Americanfarmingpracticeischanging.

41.TimJosephwasfascinatedbythenotionthatsunlight

bringsenergyandwealthtomankind.

42.Oneproblemwithgrass-fedproductsisthattheyare

usuallymoreexpensivethanconventionalones.

43.Grass-fedproductshaveprovedtobehealthierandmore

nutritious.

44.WhenTimJosephstartedhisbusiness,hefoundgrass-fed

productsfellshortofdemand.

45.Asnackbarproducerdiscoveredthatthesupplyofpurely

grass-fedbisonmeatwasscarce.

36.F

37.C

38J

39.D

40.G

41.A

42.1

43.E

44.B

45.K

12月英语六级阅读真题及答案仔细阅读

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

"Thedangerousthingaboutlyingispeopledontunderstand

howtheactchangesus,"saysDanAriely,behavioralpsychologistat

DukeUniversity.Psychologistshavedocumentedchildrenlyingas

earlyastheageoftwo.Someexpertsevenconsiderlyinga

developmentalmilestone,likecrawlingandwalking,becauseit

requiressophisticatedplanning,attentionandtheabilitytoseea

situationfromsomeoneelsesperspectivetomanipulatethem.But,

formostpeople,lyinggetslimitedaswedevelopasenseof

moralityandtheabilitytoself-regulate.

HarvardcognitiveneuroscientistJoshuaGreenesays,formost

ofus,lyingtakeswork.Instudies,hegavesubjectsachanceto

deceiveformonetarygainwhileexaminingtheirbrainsina

functionalMRImachine,whichmapsbloodflowtoactivepartsof

thebrain.Somepeopletoldthetruthinstantlyandinstinctively.But

othersoptedtolie,andtheyshowedincreasedactivityintheir

frontalparietal（颅腔壁的）controlnetwork,whichisinvolvedin

difficultorcomplexthinking.Thissuggeststhattheyweredeciding

betweentruthanddishonestyandultimatelyoptingforthelatter.

Forafollow-upanalysis,hefoundthatpeoplewhoseneural（神经

的）rewardcentresweremoreactivewhentheywonmoneywere

alsomorelikelytobeamongthegroupofliars-suggestingthat

lyingmayhavetodowiththeinabilitytoresisttemptation.

Extremalconditionsalsomatterintermsofwhenandhow

oftenwelie.Wearemorelikelytolie,researchshows,whenwe

areabletorationaliseit,whenwearestressedandfatiguedorsec

othersbeingdishonest.Andwearelesslikelytoliewhenwehave

moralremindersorwhenwethinkothersarewatching."Weasa

societyneedtounderstandthat,whenwedontpunishlying,we

increasetheprobabilityitwillhappenagain,"Arielysays.

Ina20XXstudypublishedinthejournalNatureNeuroscience,

Arielyandcolleaguesshowedhowdishonestyalterspeoplesbrains,

makingiteasiertotellliesinthefuture.Whenpeopleuttereda

falsehood,thescientistsnoticedaburstofactivityintheiramygdala.

Theamygdalaisacrucialpartofthebrainthatproducesfear,

anxietyandemotionalresponsesincludingthatsinking,guilty

feelingyougetwhenyoulie.Butwhenscientistshadtheirsubjects

playagame-inwhichtheywonmoneybydeceivingtheirpartner,

theynoticedthenegativesignalsfromtheamygdalabeganto

decrease.Notonlythat,butwhenpeoplefacednoconsequences

fordishonesty,theirfalsehoodstendedtogetevenmore

sensational.Thismeansthatifyougivepeoplemultiple

opportunitiestoliefortheirownbenefit,theystartwithlittlelies

whichgetbiggerovertime.

46.Whydosomeexpertsconsiderlyingamilestoneinachilds

development?

A)Itshowstheyhavetheabilitytoviewcomplexsituations

fromdifferentangles.

B)Itindicatestheyhaveanabilitymoreremarkablethan

crawlingandwalking.

C)Itrepresentstheirabilitytoactivelyinteractwithpeople

aroundthem.

D)Itinvolvesthecoordinationofboththeirmentaland

physicalabilities.

47.WhydoestheHarvardneuroscientistsaythatlyingtakes

work?

A)Itishardtochoosefromseveraloptions.

B)Itisdifficulttosoundnaturalorplausible.

C)Itrequiresspeedybloodflowintoonesbrain.

D)Itinvolveslotsofsophisticatedmentalactivity.

48.Underwhatcircumstancesdopeopletendtolie?

A)Whentheybecometooemotional.

B)Whentheyfacetoomuchpeerpressure.

C)Whenthetemptationistoostrong.

D)Whentheconsequencesarenotimminent.

49.Whenarepeoplelesslikelytolie?

A)Whentheyarewormoutandstressed.

B)Whentheyareunderwatchfuleyes.

C)Whentheythinkinarationalway.

D)Whentheyhaveaclearconscience.

50.Whatdoestheauthorsaywillhappenwhenaliardoesnot

getpunished?

A)Theymayfeeljustified.

B)Theywilltellbiggerlies.

C)Theywillbecomecomplacent.

D)Theymaymixliesandtruths.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

HereshowthePacificNorthwestispreparingfor"TheBigOne".

Itsthemotherofalldisasterdrillsforwhatcouldbetheworst

disasterinAmericanhistory.Californiahasspentyearspreparing

for"TheBigOne"-theinevitableearthquakethatwillundoubtedly

unleashallkindsofhavocalongthefamousSanAndreasfault（断

层）.ButwhatifthefaultthatrunsalongthePacificNorthwest

deliversagiganticearthquakeofitsown?Ifthepeopleofthe

Cascadiaregionhaveanythingtodowithit,theywontbecaught

unawares.

Theregionisengagedinamulti-day

earthquake-and・tsunami（海啸）drillinvolvingaround20,000people.

TheCascadiaRisingdrillgivesarearesidentsandemergency

respondersachancetopracticewhattodoincaseofa

9.0-magnitudeearthquakeandtsunamialongoneofthenations

dangerous-andunderestimated-faults.

TheCascadiaEarthquakeZoneisbigenoughtocompetewith

SanAndreas（itsbeencalledthemostdangerousfaultinAmerica）,

butitsmuchlesserknownthanitsCaliforniacousin.Nearly700

mileslong,theearthquakezoneislocatedbytheNorthAmerican

PlateoffthecoastofPacificBritishColumbia,Washington,Oregon

andNorthernCalifornia.

Cascadiaiswhatsknownasa"megathrust"fault.Megathrusts

arecreatedinearthquakezones-landplateboundarieswheretwo

platesconverge.Intheareaswhereoneplateisbeneathanother,

stressbuildsupovertime.Duringamegathrustevent,allofthat

stressreleasesandsomeoftheworldsmostpowerfulearthquakes

occur.Rememberthe9.1earthquakeandtsunamiintheIndian

OceanoffSumatrain?Itwascausedbyamegathrusteventasthe

IndiaplatemovedbeneaththeBurmamicro-plate.

ThelasttimeamajorearthquakeoccurredalongtheCascadia

faultwasin1700,soofficialsworrythatanothereventcouldoccur

anytime.Topreventthateventfrombecomingacatastrophe,first

responderswilljoinmembersofthepublicinrehearsalsthat

involvecommunication,evacuation,searchandrescue,andother

scenarios.

Thousandsofcasualtiesareexpectedifa9.0earthquakewere

tooccur.First,theearthquakewouldshakemetropol