2025-2026学年甘肃陇南第一中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷

绝密★启用前2025-2026学年甘肃陇南第一中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷一、阅读理解CoastalCleanupCrewHelppreserveMarin’sstunningcoastlinesfromOceanCovetoDrake’sBeach.Joinusinremovingmarinedebris,recyclingplastics,anddocumentingpollutiondata.CoastalCleanupCrewvolunteersareessentialinsafeguardingmarinehabitatsandprotectingvulnerablespecieslikeseabirdsandseaturtles.GROUPSGroupsofsixormoremustmakearrangementsaheadoftime.ChecktheProjectAvailabilityCalendarandsubmitaGroupRegistrationFormtosecureyourspot.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersmustbe10orolder.ReviewtheYouthSafetyGuidelinesforparticipantsunder16.BringasignedVolunteerWaiverForm.Minorsneedaparent/guardian’ssignature.Dressinsturdy,weather-appropriateclothingthatcanwithstandsandandsaltwater.Bringahat,sunscreen,andareusablewaterbottle.Packalunchandwaterproofbootsifpossible.Workcontinuesinlightrain—bringawaterproofjacket!Nopriorexperienceneeded.Training,gloves,andequipmentprovided.Countstowardcommunityservicehours.UPCOMINGEVENTSDateTimeMeetingPointSaturday,Feb.49:00AM–12:30PMOceanCoveVisitorCenterSunday,Feb.128:30AM–1:00PMDrake’sBeachNorthLotSaturday,Feb.1810:00AM–2:00PMLimantourSpitTrailhead1.WhatistheprimarygoaloftheCoastalCleanupCrew?A.Topromotelocaltourism.B.Tostudyoceancurrents.C.Toprotectmarineecosystems.D.Tobuildrecreationalfacilities.2.Whatistheminimumagerequirementforvolunteers?A.8. B.10. C.16. D.18.3.Whatmustvolunteersbepreparedfor?A.Bringspecializedtools.B.Workinlightrain.C.Wearprovideduniforms.D.Attendallthreeevents.Yes,There’saMuseumforThat!Museumshavechanged.We’llalwayshavetheMetinNewYorkandtheLouvreinParis,butnowadaysyou’llfindamuseumforabsolutelyeverythingandeveryone.Thefollowingaresomeofthemostfascinatingmuseumsbasedontheircommunityimportance,levelofenjoyment,andthebeautyofthecollections.MuseumofMotherhood(MOM)St.Petersburg,FloridaTheMuseumofMotherhoodisthefirstofitskind—amuseumandeducationalcentercoveringtheart,scienceandhistoryofmothers.“Iwatchedacoupleofkidsfromthelocalhighschooltryonthepregnancyvestsgroaning(抱怨),”saysmuseumfounderMarthaJoyRose.“Withinfiveminutes,theybeggedtotakethemoff.”NationalComedyCenter(NCC)Jamestown,NewYorkBasedinLucilleBall’shometown,thismuseumfeaturesexhibitssuchasJerrySeinfeld’spuffyshirtandJoanRivers’scardcatalogof65,000jokes.“Beforevisitorsgothroughtheentrance,theycreatetheir‘senseofhumorprofile,’”saysexecutivedirectorJourneyGunderson.“Theychoosewhattheyfindfunny,andthedataiscollectedonadigitalchiptheywearonawristcalledaLaughBandsothatthecomedycontentiscustomizedbasedontheirpersonaltaste.”MuseumofBadArt(MOBA)Boston,MassachusettsMOBAcollects,exhibitsandcelebratesartthatwillbeshowninnoothermuseum.Themuseum’snewlocation,intheDorchesterBrewingCo.,assumesvisitorswouldneedadrinkafterseeingthiswork.HighlightsincludeLucyintheFieldwithFlowers,apaintingfoundin1993leaningagainstatrashbin,waitingforgarbagecollection.Alowpoint—andamust-see—isthepaintingOurLadyofEndlessHousework.4.WhatcanbethemainpurposeofMuseumofMotherhood?A.Tobuildsocialbondsamongteenagers.B.Toofferparentingguidanceformothers.C.Toshowcaseartworkcreatedbymothers.D.Todeepensocietalappreciationformotherhood.5.HowdoesNCCpersonalizetheirvisitors’experiences?A.Byusingvisitorpreferences. B.Byintroducingwineindustry.C.Bysurveyingthevisitors’needs. D.Byapplyinginteractivetechnology.6.Whatdothesemuseumshaveincommon?A.Theygrowoutofuniqueideas. B.Theyfocusoncommunityvalues.C.Theyhousepricelessculturaltreasures. D.Theyaimtorefineartisticsensibilities.Humanscannotpossiblysurvivewithoutahandfulofthings.Water,undoubtedly,isoneofthemostimportant.Regardingourtotaldependenceonwaterforsurvival,haveyoueverwonderedifothercreaturesalsodependonwatersomuch?Let’snarrowdownthekindof“creatures”tofish.Thismaysoundabitstrange,butdofishfeelthirstytoo?Thisquestionisinterestingbecauseitisabout“thirst”.Humansshowthisindifferentdegrees(itcanbejustalittleorI-can-wolf-the-whole-bowl-down).Thirstisanaltogetherdifferentthingwhenwe’retalkingaboutcreaturesthatliveinwaterformostoftheirlives.Thinkofitthisway:howwouldyoueverfeelhungryifyoulivedinsideapizza?Similarly,howcanfishfeelastrongneedtodrinkwaterwhentheyarepracticallysurroundedbywaterallthetime?However,it’snotassimpleasthat.Bothfreshwaterandseawaterfishshowdifferentbehaviorswhenitcomestoactivelydrinkingwater.Freshwaterfishhavebloodwithahigherconcentration(浓度)ofsaltthanthewatertheyaresurroundedby.Therefore,theyrunahighriskofhavingtheirblooddiluted(稀释)iftheydrinkwater.Thisiswhytheydon’tactivelydrinkwatertokeepthebalanceofsaltandwaterinsidetheirbodies.Sincethesaltconcentrationinthebloodofseawaterfishislowerthanthewatertheyaresurroundedby,theyareoftenthreatenedbydehydration(脱水),sotheyactivelydrinkwater.Thankstotheimpressivedesignoftheirgills(鳃),theycandrinksaltwater,processitandthenremovetheextrasaltfromtheirbodies.Actually,thirst,infish,ismoreofasimpleresponsethathappenswithoutrequiringathoughtfuldecisionontheirpart(unlikehumans);itjusthappens.Fishdon’tnecessarilyhavetofeelthirstyinordertodrinkwater.Theydon’thavethatneedtodrinkwaterafterahardroundofexercise,orafterwalkingacrosstownonahot,sunnyday.Onelessthingtoworryabout!7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A.Thefeelingofthirst. B.Thequestionaboutfish.C.Theneedtoliveinsidewater. D.Theabilitytodrinkawholebowlofwater.8.Whatcanbeinferredaboutfish’sbehaviors?A.Seawaterfishdrinkwatertoincreasethesaltlevelintheirblood.B.Seawaterfishdrinkwatertoavoidlosingwaterfromtheirbodies.C.Freshwaterfishdon’tdrinkwaterbecausetheyarethreatenedbylosingwater.D.Freshwaterfishdon’tdrinkwaterbecausetheytakeinenoughwaterthroughtheirskin.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethirstinfish?A.Amentalneed. B.Anunusualfeeling. C.Anaturalreaction. D.Athoughtfulchoice.10.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhyIsWaterImportant? B.DoFishGetThirsty?C.HowAreFishDifferent? D.HowDoFishProcessSaltwater?Columbiascientistshavefoundspecializedneurons(神经元)inthebrainsofmicethatordertheanimalstostopeating.Thoughmanyfeedingcircuits(回路)inthebrainareknowntoplayaroleinmonitoringfoodintake,theneuronsinthosecircuitsdonotmakethefinaldecisiontoceaseeatingameal.Howdoesthebrainknowwhenthebodyhashadenoughandhowdoesitactonthatinformationtostopeating?AlexanderNectow,aphysician-scientistatColumbiaUniversityVagelosCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsandhisteammember,SrikantaChowdhury,usednewsingle-celltechniquesthatmakeitpossibletopeerintoaregionofthebrainanddiscerndifferenttypesofcellsthatuntilnowhavebeendifficulttodistinguishfromoneanother.Duringtheirprofilingofabrainstem(脑干)regionknownforprocessingcomplexsignals,theresearchersspottedpreviouslyunrecognizedcellsthathadsimilarcharacteristicstootherneuronsinvolvedinregulatingappetite.Toseehowtheneuronsinfluencedeating,theresearchersengineeredtheneuronssotheycouldbeturnedonandoffbytheresearcherswithlight.Whentheneuronswereactivatedbythelight,themiceatemuchsmallermeals.Theintensityoftheactivationdeterminedhowquicklyanimalsstoppedeating.“Interestingly,theseneuronsdon’tjustsignalanimmediatestop;theyhelpthemicetoslowdowntheireatinggradually,”saidChowdhury.Theresearchersalsolookedathowothereatingcircuitsandhormonesaffectedtheneurons.TheresearchersfoundthattheneuronsweresilencedbyahormonethatincreasesappetiteandactivatedbyaGLP-1agonist,aclassofdrugsnowpopularfortreatingobesityanddiabetes.Theseexperimentsfoundthattheseinputshelpedtheneuronstrackeachbitethemicetook.“Essentially,theseneuronscansmellfood,seefood,feelfoodinthemouthandinthegut(肠道),andinterpretalltheguthormonesthatarereleasedinresponsetoeating,”saidNectow.“Andultimately,theyleverageallofthisinformationtodecidewhenenoughisenough.”11.Whatisthemainfunctionofthespecializedneuronsfoundinmice’sbrains?A.Helpingmicedigest. B.Makingmicefeelfull.C.Choosingwhatmiceeat. D.Monitoringmice’senergyintake.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discern”inparagraph2mean?A.Illustrate. B.Combine. C.Recognize. D.Analyze.13.Howdidresearchersknowtheeffectofthenewneuronsoneatingbehavior?A.Byobservingthemice’seatinghabits.B.Bycomparingthemice’sweightchanges.C.Byengineeringtheneuronsinthemice’sbodies.D.Bycontrollingthelightconnectedtotheneurons.14.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NewTechniquesinBrainCellResearchB.TheImpactofLightonControllingEatingC.TheRoleofHormonesinAppetiteRegulationD.BrainCellsWhichTellYouWhentoStopEating二、七选五Ifyouareseekingoutleadershipopportunities,youshouldthinkaboutwhatqualitiesyouwouldliketobuildasaleader.Areyouhopingtoimproveyourconfidenceandwillingnesstotakerisks?Doyouwanttobesupportivebypracticingpatienceandactivelistening?____15____Tohelpyougrowtheseleadershipskillsandmore,we’veputtogetheralistofideasforyoutoconsider.VolunteerinYourCommunityFindingalocalorganizationorprojectthatinterestsyounotonlymakesiteasiertocompleterewardingworkasyoucollaboratewithotherenthusiasticindividuals,butitalsocanhelpyouexerciseawillingnesstohelpothers.____16____Agoodleaderalwaystriestosupportandinspiretheirteam.TutorYourFriendsinYourBestSubjectEvenifyourscheduleisalreadyjam-packed,youstillcanstrivetobealeaderinyourdailyactivities.Ifyouknowsomeonestrugglingwithasubjectortopicthatyouunderstandwell,considerhelpingthemwiththissubjectwhenyouhangout.Whenyouteachsomeoneelse,youpracticepatience,clearcommunicationandproblemsolving.____17____JoinaSchoolCluborTeam____18____Whetheryou’rerunningforstudentcouncilortryingoutforyourfavoriteschoolsportsteam,workingwellwithothers,makingdecisionsandrepresentingyourpeersareallskillsyouwillpracticeinthesegroups.____19____Italsohelpsyougetoutofyourcomfortzone!Leadersoftenaretaskedwithorganizingateamandcarryingoutaplanthatleadseveryonetowardaspecificgoal.A.Leadershiprequirestimeandwillingnesstolearn.B.Astrongleaderhasmanyofthesecharacteristics.C.Effectiveleadersworktirelesslytomeettheneedsofothers.D.Whenyouserveothers,youbegintounderstandwhatitmeanstolead.E.Strongleaderssharetheirknowledgeandcelebratethesuccessesofothers.F.Nottomention,you’llmostlikelyworkwithleadersinyourschoolorcommunity.G.Beingpartofanorganizedschoolgrouporclubcomeswithmanyvaluablelessons.三、完形填空（15空）LiamRosenior’steamhadjustlosttheirfourthstraightgame,3-0.Beforethislatest____20____,theteamhadsufferedaheavylossinEuropeandahomedefeat.Themediacriticizedhimharshly,andfansvoicedtheirangeronline.Facingalltheoutside____21____,Roseniortoldhisplayersto“forgetit.”Rosenior,who____22____theteaminJanuary,admittednegativitybutnotedtheyhad____23____17pointsfrom10leaguegames,rankingfourthduringthatperiod.Hestressedstayingcalm,seeingtheinternationalbreakasagoodtimeto____24____.Healsopointedoutdefensivemistakesthat____25____goalstotheopponent,sayingchangesmustbemade____26____.Duringthebreak,JamesGarner,ateammember,earnedhisfirstnationalteamcall-up(入选)withanexcellentperformance,____27____itadreamweek.RoseniorusedGarner’sexampleto____28____theteamthatstayingstrongcouldleadtogoodresults.Theteamreturnedtotrainingwithrenewed____29____.Afterthebreak,theyhadsevengamesto____30____agoodfinish.Rosenior’smessagewasclear:keepfocused,____31____frommistakes,andtrusttheprocess.AsGarner’ssuccessshowed,personalandgroup____32____couldturnaseasonaround.Byforgettingthenoiseandconcentratingonwhattheycouldcontrol,theyachieveda(n)____33____comeback.Roseniorlatersaidthattheteam’sbeliefneverdropped,evenafterthe____34____losses.20.A.victory B.setback C.celebration D.training21.A.praise B.noise C.support D.advice22.A.tookover B.lookedover C.cameacross D.gotthrough23.A.lost B.selected C.favored D.earned24.A.train B.warn C.reflect D.delay25.A.saved B.gifted C.blocked D.scored26.A.quickly B.slowly C.secretly D.gradually27.A.marking B.naming C.declaring D.calling28.A.ask B.order C.remind D.warn29.A.energy B.doubt C.fear D.patience30.A.avoid B.cancel C.delay D.secure31.A.recover B.hear C.learn D.benefit32.A.luck B.talent C.effort D.patience33.A.easy B.remarkable C.boring D.expensive34.A.previous B.instant C.apparent D.final四、短文填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The1,300-year-oldThangkaart,apaintingskillfullycraftedonwoven(编织的)material,isanillustratedencyclopediaofTibetancultureandstandsaspartofChina'sintangibleculturalheritageforits___35___(art)value.“Traditionally,thesubjectmatters___36___(express)inThangkamasterpiecesincludelocalcultureandTibetanmedicine,”saidGoinqogyai,afifth-generationThangkaartistfromLhatseCounty.Withoverthreedecadesofexperience,hecanfindinspirationinallart___37___(form)forcreatingThangkaartwork.In2016,hewenttoTsinghuaUniversityforfurthertheoreticalstudyontraditionalChinesepainting.SoonafterGoinqogyaideterminedlyattemptedtoapplytherealistictechniquesoftraditionallandscapeandbirdpaintings___38___Thangkaart,hewasthrilledatwhatenabledhimtodevelop___39___freshapproachtopresentingsnow-coveredmountains,lakesandforests.Toobservenatureupclose,heoftentakestripstothewild___40___(photograph)mountains,riversandlakes,___41___helaterreproduceswithinkandbrushes.EquallyimportantistotrainemergingtalentsforthepromotionandcontinuityofThangkapainting.Inrecentyears,numerousThangkaschools,studiosanduniversityprograms___42___(establish)toattractyoungpeopletothistradition.Withthejointefforts,XizangisfosteringinnovativedevelopmentinThangkapainting,___43___(breathe)newlifeintothisancientartform,whichisalivingtestamenttoChina’s___44___(commit)toculturaldiversity.五、书面表达45.假定你是李华，你的交换生朋友Martin对中国饮食文化很感兴趣，并打算在春节期间邀请家人来中国品尝美食。他想请你给他一些这方面的建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.介绍春节饮食习俗；2.推荐一道你家乡的特色菜。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMartin,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua六、读后续写46.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thescorchingsunbeatdownonoursixth—gradeclasshikingthroughBlueMountains.Mr.Thompson,ouroutdooreducationteacher,keptremindingus:“Drinkwater,watchyourfooting,andremember-everyscratchherecouldbecomealifelesson.”MybestmateJoshchuckled,balancinghiswaterbottlelikeacircusact.“Relax,Em!We’vedoneCPRdrillsamilliontimes.What’stheworstthatcould—”Asharpcrycutthroughtheair.Twentymetersahead,Lily-thequietexchangestudentfromJapan-hadstumbledintoadriedriverbed.Herlegwaspinnedbeneathapointedrock,bloodsoakingthroughhertrousers.“I...IthinkIheardacrack,”shewhispered,herfaceghostlypale.Mr.Thompsonkneltbesideher,hisvoicesteadybuturgent.“Lily,don’tmove.Everyoneelse-backpacksoff!Josh,getthefirstaidkit.Emily,findtwostraightbranchesforsplints(夹板).Now!”MyhandsshookasIpressedabandageagainstLily’swound.Joshfroze,staringattheoddangleofherleg.“Focus!”Mr.Thompsonsnapped,histonesofteningasheaddressedLily.“You’redoingbrilliantly.Breatheslowly.Help’scoming.”Heturnedtous,rapid—firinginstructions:“Josh-controlbleeding.Usethepressurebandagefromtheyellowpouch.”“Emily-stabilizetheleg.Rememberthe‘aboveandbelow’ruleforsplintplacement.”“Sophie-callemergencyservices.GPScoordinates(坐标)areonmywatch.”LilygrippedmywristasIpositionedthebranches.“WillI...walkagain?”Herwhispersentchillsdownmyspine.“Ofcourseyouwill,”Ilied,recallinglastweek’sfirst—aidlecture:Brokenbonesriskinfectio