甘肃省陇南市宕昌县第一中学等校2025-2026学年高二下学期5月期中英语试卷

Denmark,knownforitsinventiverestaurantsandelegantdesignstudios,isabouttobecomeknownforsomethingmorebasic:theworld’sfirstbelch(打嗝)andmanure(粪便)tax.That’sbecausetherearefivetimesasmanypigsandcowsinDenmarkastherearepeople.Nearlytwo-thirdsofitslandistakenupbyfarming.Andagricultureisbecomingitslargestshareofclimatepollution,puttinglawmakersunderintensepublicpressuretoreduceit.Sonow,Denmark’sgovernment,hasagreedtotaxthemethaneemissions(甲烷排放)releasedbyfarmanimals.Themeasurewaspassedthismonth,makingittheonlysuchclimatetaxonfarmanimalsintheworld.“Ithinkit’sgood,”saidRasmus,a31-year-oldcitizenwhowasshoppingfordinnerinCopenhagen.“It’saHelppreserveMarin’sstunningcoastlinesfromOceanCovetoDrake’sBeach.Joinusinremovingmarinedebris,recyclingplastics,anddocumentingpollutiondata.CoastalCleanupCrewvolunteersareessentialinsafeguardingmarinehabitatsandprotectingvulnerablespecieslikeseabirdsandseaturtles.GROUPSgentlepushtoencourageplant-baseddiets,perhapsfewerporkchoices.”Thetaxispartofalargerpackagedesignedtocleanupthecountry’sagriculturalpollutionandeventuallyrestoresomefarmlandtoitsnaturalform,likepeatlands(泥炭地),whichareexceptionallygoodattrappingplanet-heatinggasesundergroundbutwereemptieddecadesago.Groupsofsixormoremustmakearrangementsaheadoftime.ChecktheProjectAvailabilityCalendarandsubmitaGroupRegistrationFormtosecureyourspot.Denmark’seffortisalsoawake-upcallformanyagriculturalnations,includingtheUnitedStates,astheyfacethesamecallstoreducepollutionfromfarms.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersmustbe10orolder.ReviewtheYouthSafetyGuidelinesforparticipantsunder16.BringasignedVolunteerWaiverForm.Minorsneedaparent/guardian’ssignature.Dressinsturdy,weather-appropriateclothingthatcanwithstandsandandsaltwater.Bringahat,sunscreen,andareusablewaterbottle.Packalunchandwaterproofbootsifpossible.Globally,thefoodsystemaccountsforafourthofgreenhousegases,andreducingthoseemissionsrequiresmakingtoughchoicesondiets,jobsandindustries.Thatmakesfoodaparticularlychallengingclimateproblemtoaddress.Nowonderthateffortstoreduceagriculture’sclimateemissionshavefacedstrongresistance,fromBrusselstoDelhitoWellington,wheretheNewZealandgovernmentproposedaburptaxin2022onlytohavealatergovernmentoverturnit.EvenDenmark’smeasurefacedheatedpoliticaldebatesandhasbeenundernegotiationforyears.ThemeasurewasfinallypassedinNovember.Startingin2030,itwillchargefarmers300Danishkroner(around$43)foreverytonofcarbondioxide.By2035,thetaxwillmorethandoubleto750kroner(S106).Abigger,moredifficultdilemmastilllooms:WillDenmarkcontinuetotumoversomuchofitslandtocowsandpigs?Workcontinuesinlightrain—bringawaterproofjacket!Nopriorexperienceneeded.Training,gloves,andequipmentprovided.Countstowardcommunityservicehours.UPCOMINGEVENTSDateTimeMeetingPointSaturday,Feb.49:00AM–12:30PMSunday,Feb.128:30AM–1:00PMSaturday,Feb.1810:00AM–2:00PMOceanCoveVisitorCenterDrake’sBeachNorthLotLimantourSpitTrailhead4．WhydidDenmarkintroducea“belchandmanure”tax?A.Toboostitstourismthroughnewtaxes.B.Toimproveanimalwelfareonfarms.C.Toreduceclimatepollutionfromanimals.D.Totakealeadroleinenvironmentalprotection.1．WhatistheprimarygoaloftheCoastalCleanupCrew?A.Topromotelocaltourism.56．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewtax?A.ItisopposedbymostcitizensinDenmark.B.Itaimstoultimatelyrestorenaturallandscapes.C.Itwillquicklyaddresstheagriculturalpollution.D.IthasdrawninspirationfromtheUnitedStates.．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph6?B.Tostudyoceancurrents.C.Toprotectmarineecosystems.D.Tobuildrecreationalfacilities.23．Whatistheminimumagerequirementforvolunteers?A.8.B.10.C.16.D.18.A.PraisingDenmark’ssuccessfultaxmeasure.B.Comparingthefoodpoliciesofdifferentcountries.C.Discussingthebenefitsofreducingfarmemissions.D.Explainingthechallengesincuttingfarmemissions.．Whatmustvolunteersbepreparedfor?A.Bringspecializedtools.B.Workinlightrain.C.Wearprovideduniforms.D.Attendallthreeevents.7．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?B.Zebrafishyawnedmorethanwarm-bloodedspecies.C.Zebrafishyawnedwhenseeingotherfishyawninvideos.D.Contagiousyawninghelpedzebrafishfindfoodingroups.11．WhatisCaitNewport’sattitudetowardstheresearch?A.Denmark’sgroundbreakingemissiontax.B.HowDenmarkreshapesglobalfarming.C.ThefutureofDenmark’sagriculturalindustry.D.Globalstruggletoreduceagriculturalpollution.A.Curious.B.Doubtful.C.Positive.D.Unclear.Contagiousyawning(传染性哈欠)haslongbeenseeninwarm-bloodedanimals:besidesus,theyincludeEarthworms（蚯蚓）arewell-knownfortheirabilitytoenrichandimprovesoil.Yet,theirpreciseimpactonplantgrowthhasremainedamystery.Now,twogroundbreakingstudieshavefoundthattheynotonlyboostcropyields（产量）butalsoprotectplantsfromharmfulmicroplastics.chimps,lionsandwolves.ButElisabettaPalagi,ascientistfromtheUniversityofPisa,saysithasbeenproveninacold-bloodedspeciesforthefirsttime.Palagiandherteamsetouttoconfirmiffishyawnandifit’scontagious.Theychosezebrafish,acommonfreshwaterfish,raisedathome,andobserved18zebrafishinthelab.Thefishusuallybreathedbyquicklyopeningandclosingtheirmouth,butsometimestheyopenedtheirmouthslowly.Theyalsostretched(使变大)itwideandthencloseditsuddenly.Thisseemedtomimicwhatscientistsusuallydescribeinotheranimalsasyawning.Theresearchersnotedmanydifferencesbetweenafish’snormalbreathingandayawn.Forexample,thefishopenedtheirmouthwiderduringayawnthanwhensimplybreathing.Andabouthalfthetime,ayawningfishalsostretcheditsbody.Thisis"veryinteresting,"Palagisays,andsomething"wedidnotexpecttofind".TheteamtrainedanAImodeltorecognizetheseyawningfeatures.Afterfeedingitvideoscreenshots(屏幕截Inlate2023,aresearchteamfromColoradoStateUniversity(CSU)reportedthatearthwormsareresponsiblefor6.5percent-or140milliontons-ofglobalfoodproductionannually.ThisiscomparabletoRussia’sannualgrainharvest,whichistheworld’sfourthlargest.CSU’sStevenFonteandhisteamdrewthisconclusionafteracomprehensivestudy.Theysurveyedearthwormpopulations,soilqualities,andcropyieldsfromaroundtheworld.Theresearchersfocusedonfourgrains-rice,maize,wheat,andbarley.Theteamfoundthattheearthworms’impactwassignificantindevelopingcountries.Forexample,theyhelpedincreasegrainyieldsby10percentinsub-SaharanAfricaand8percentinLatinAmerica.Fonteandhisteambelievefarmersintheseregionslikelylackeasyaccesstochemicalfertilizers（化肥）.Thismakesthemmorereliantonearthworm-richorganicmatter,suchasmanure.图),theAIcouldtellyawnsfromnormalbreathing,justliketheresearchers.Next,theyshowedzebrafishtwotypesofvideos:oneofayawningzebrafishandtheotherofonebreathingnormally."Earthwormsarecontributingalotintheseareaswherewehavefewerchemicalinputs,"Fontesaid."IfweTestedmanytimesonmanyfish,theresultsshowedfishweremorethantwiceaslikelytoyawnwhenwatchingyawningvideos—provingcontagiousyawning.Also,labfishthatyawnedinresponseoftenchangedswimmingdirection;sincewildzebrafishswiminlargegroups,researchersthinkthishelpsthemcoordinate(协调)theirmovements.manageoursoilsinamoresustainableway,wecanbettermakeuseofthisbiodiversityandproducemoresustainableagroecosystems."Earthwormshelpplantgrowthinseveralways.Theirburrowingcreateschannelsthatloosenthesoilandletinfreshair.Thisallowswatertorundownfromthesurfaceandbestoredunderground.Theearthworms’constantmovementhelpsmixthesoil’sorganicmatter,makingthenutrientsmoreavailabletoplants.Ina2024studyscientistsatNankaiUniversityfoundthatearthwormscanalsoprotectplantsfrommicroplasticpollution.Theresearcherstestedthisbyplacingtomatoplantsinsoilpollutedbytinyplastics.Theyfoundthatwhenearthwormswerepresent,theplantsgrewwelldespitethepollution.Theywerealsoabletodriveawaycommonplant-eatinginsects.Thescientistsbelievethatearthwormshelpboostthetomatoplants’immunesystems.Thismakesthembetterwithstandenvironmentalchanges.Noteveryoneisbuyingit.CaitNewport,abiologistfromtheUniversityofOxford,saysthatit’sstillunclearwhyfishwouldyawntogether.Shenotesthedirectionalchangedoesn’tprovethatfishinthewildwoulduseyawningtocoordinatetheirmovements.NoamMiller,apsychologistatCanada’sWilfridLaurierUniversity,pointsoutthatweneedtoknowiffishyawncontagiouslyforthesamereasonsaswarm-bloodedanimals.Palagisayswhyanimalsyawnisstillanopenquestion,butzebrafishareperfectforfurtherstudy."Thisstudyopensthefloodgatesformanymorestudiestocome."8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mimic"inparagraph2probablymean?A.Hide.B.Speed.C.Pointout.D.Looklike.12．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Themethodsusedinthestudy.9．Whatdidtheresearchersneedtododuringthestudy?A.Tellzebrafish’syawnsfromtheirnormalbreathing.B.Comparehome-raisedzebrafishtowildzebrafish.C.Letzebrafishseesomevideosofhumanyawning.D.UseanAImodeltocontrolvideosofzebrafish.0．Whatdidtheresearchersfind?B.Theimpactofmicroplasticsoncrops.C.Thetypesofgrainsstudiedintheresearch.D.Earthworms’contributiontoglobalfoodoutput.3．Whatisonebenefitofmanagingsoilwithearthworms?A.Greatercropdiversity.11B.Moresustainablefarming.A.Wildzebrafishchangeddirectionafteryawning.C.Richerorganicmatter.D.Enoughchemicalfertilizersupply.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"burrowing"inparagraph6mean?A.Transporting.Oneday,IloggedontosocialsoftwareandrealizedthatIwasveryclosetohaving700online"friends".Not11bad,Ithoughttomyself,signup.1ofhowmanyonlinepals,acquaintancesandeven2IhadmanagedtoB.Resting.ButIhad3withsomeofthem,fortheusualreasons—jobsinothercities,familylife,limitedsocialC.Growing.time,etc.IhadfewerfriendstohangoutwiththanI'deverhadbefore.D.Digging.SoIdecidedtohaveapartyatmyneighbourhoodbar.Iusedsocialsoftwaretoinvitemy4friends.5．WhatdidtheNankaiUniversitystudyfindaboutearthworms?A.Theykilledinsectsharmfultoplants.B.Theyhelpedcarryawaymicroplastics.C.Theyprotectedplantsfromenvironmentalstress.D.Theygrewwellinspiteofenvironmentalpollution.Afteraweekthe5stoppedcomingin.Ifiguredthatabout20peoplewouldshowup.Thatsoundedprettynewfriends.goodtome—twenty6Ontheeveningoftheparty,filledwith,onepersonshowedup.withmynewpotentialfriend,Paula,doingmybestto7Iheadedtothebarandwaited,andwaited,andwaited.8I910thatIwasn'tfrustrated(沮丧的)andembarrassed.Wemadesmalltalk,buteventuallyweintothenight,Iwasn'tsureifourfriendshipwould1211.thingstosay.WhenIwatchedherstrideout16．Adultsshouldbegettingatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensity(中等强度)exerciseeveryweek,accordingtothePhysicalActivityGuidelinespublishedrecently.Theguidelinesadviseadultstodomuscle-strengtheningactivitiesofmoderateorgreaterintensityatleasttwiceperweek.①____________Aftersheleft,Istayedandwaitedforsomeoneelsetoshowup.Itwasnearingmidnightandmy13weredisappearing.Ifinallyrealizedthatnooneelsewascoming.I14myselfandpromised15—aboutseven“Engaginginavarietyofexercisesisdefinitelybeneficial,”Voos,whoisheadteamdoctorforafootballteam,thatIwouldspendlesstimeonline.ThenItookagulpofthebeer.Itwasdeliciousbuthundredfriends,andIwasdrinkingalone.said.“Yourbodyneedsdifferentrangesofmotion,strengthandstability.②____________”Thisisespeciallytrueforchildren.Sportsmedicineexpertshavelongencouragedkidstoplaymultiplesportsandnottospecializeinoneatayoungage.Alotofdataonthetopicshowschildrenwhospecializeinasportwhenyounghaveanincreasedriskofinjury.③____________Theyarelessboredwithexerciseandenjoygreatersportsachievementswhentheyareolder.17．A.awareB.scaredC.thoughtfulC.employersC.lostcontactC.ambitiousC.callingsD.proud18．A.enemiesB.strangersD.friends19．A.madefriendsB.teamedupD.heldconversationsD.digital④____________Voossaidfootballplayersattrainingcampmightdoalotofconditioningoneday,thenwork22222220．A.real-life1．A.invitations2．A.closeB.imaginaryB.responsesB.honestonflexibilityandbalancethenext,thenmoveontostrengthtraining,allofwhichisintermixedwithplayingfootball.D.beliefs“Soevenatthehighestlevels,ourathletesareexposingtheirbodiestodifferentmotions,”Voossaid.C.potentialC.carelessnessC.UnsurprisinglyC.chattedD.availableD.impressionD.ActuallyD.arguedAnotherplustoshakingthingsupwithyourexerciseroutine,especiallyifyoupreferoneactivity,isthatit3．A.confidenceB.doubthelpspreventtheplateau(高原)effect.⑤____________That’sbecauseyourbodyhasbecomeveryefficientatthemovements.Toovercomesuchpauses,youneedtochangeyourmovementroutineandstimulateyourbodyindifferentways.4．A.UnfortunatelyB.Eventually5．A.dancedB.reasonedB.deny6．A.pretendC.explainD.graspWhilechangingupyourexerciseisimportantformanyreasons,expertsdon’thavespecificrecommendationsforhowmanydifferentexercisesyouneedtodoeachweekormonthtoachievethemostbenefit.Butit’simportanttoworkallofyourmusclegroupseachweek,ifpossible,tostrengthenthemall.A.However,thechildrenwhodon’tspecializetendtobehealthier.27．A.foundoutB.turnedoutB.declineC.ranoutofC.windD.gotridofD.grow28．A.fade2339．A.dreams0．A.toasted1．A.preciseB.hopesC.frustrationsC.believedC.curiousD.appointmentsD.predictedD.apparentB.Thisisaperiodoftimewhenprogressinyourfavoredsportstops.B.perceivedB.bittersweetC.Theyalsonotethatvaryingyourexercisescanpreventoveruseinjuries.D.Butadultsandevenprofessionalathletesneedtovarytheirroutines,too.E.Cross-trainingletsyourbodyseeallofthosedifferentmovementseachweek.F.Sotheysayevensimpleexercisesdoneatworkorhomearebeneficial,too.G.Thosewhohavethelargestamountintheirphysicalactivitylivethelongest.32．ChinesescientistLuQi①_____________________(award)thetitleof2024ChampionsoftheEarthofTwentymetersahead,Lily-thequietexchangestudentfromJapan-hadstumbledintoadriedriverbed.Herlegwaspinnedbeneathapointedrock,bloodsoakingthroughhertrousers.“I...IthinkIheardacrack,”shewhispered,herfaceghostlypale.ScienceandInnovationbytheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme(UNEP)forhiscontributionsto②_____________________(address)desertification(沙漠化),landdegradationanddroughtonlastTuesday.Mr.Thompsonkneltbesideher,hisvoicesteadybuturgent.“Lily,don’tmove.Everyoneelse-backpacksoff!Josh,getthefirstaidkit.Emily,findtwostraightbranchesforsplints(夹板).Now!”LuisthechiefscientistoftheChineseAcademyofForestryandfoundingpresidentoftheInstituteofGreatGreenWall.HeisthefirstChinese③___________________hasbeenhonoredinthiscategory.AccordingtotheUNEP,Luhasplayedakeyroleincarryingouttheworld’slargestafforestation(造林)project④______________inestablishingexpertresearchnetworksandpartnerships.Thisawardisthehighest⑤_____________________(recognize)andgreatestencouragementforChina’sforestryandgrasslandefforts,especiallyforthescientistsandtechnologists⑥__________________(devote)tosandcontrol.MyhandsshookasIpressedabandageagainstLily’swound.Joshfroze,staringattheoddangleofherleg.“Focus!”Mr.Thompsonsnapped,histonesofteningasheaddressedLily.“You’redoingbrilliantly.Breatheslowly.Help’scoming.”Heturnedtous,rapid—firinginstructions:“““Josh-controlbleeding.Usethepressurebandagefromtheyellowpouch.”Emily-stabilizetheleg.Rememberthe‘aboveandbelow’ruleforsplintplacement.”Sophie-callemergencyservices.GPScoordinates(坐标)areonmywatch.”TheannualChampionsoftheEarthAward,theUN’shighestenvironmentalhonor,recognizespioneersmakingefforts⑦_____________________(protect)thepeopleandtheplanet.122recipients(接受者)oftheawardhavebeenhonoredforoutstandingandinspirationalenvironmentalleadership⑧________________2005.LusaidtheChampionsoftheEarthAwardwouldinspiremorescientistsandecologicalworkers,particularlyyoungergenerations,tocontribute⑨___________________(active)toglobalenvironmentalprotectionandtheachievementoftheUN’s2030Goals.Lualsoexpressedadesiretoseemore⑩____________________(effect)andadaptabledesertificationcontroltechnologiessharedgloballythroughinitiativessuchasChina’sBeltandRoadInitiativeandtheGlobalDevelopmentInitiative.LilygrippedmywristasIpositionedthebranches.“WillI...walkagain?”Herwhispersentchillsdownmyspine.“Ofcourseyouwill,”Ilied,recallinglastweek’sfirst—aidlecture:Brokenbonesriskinfection.Immobilizationiscritical.Itightenedthebandages,whisperingapologieseachtimeshescreamed.Asduskapproached,theradiocrackledwithbadnews—Ambulan