浙江金兰教育合作组织2025-2026学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题含解析

高二英语学科注意事项：1．本题共10页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．答题前，在答题卡指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号。3．所有答案必须写在答题卡上，写在试题上无效。4．结束后，只需上交答题卡。选择题部分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomanworkingfornow?A.Amagazine. B.Anewspaper. C.Acomputercompany.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Asyounowworkforournewspaper,youneedtotypefast.Onaverage,I’llneedyoutocreatefourtofivearticleseveryday.Isthatsomethingyoucando?W:Yes,that’snoproblem.Iwroteasimilaramountwhileworkingforamagazinebefore.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatseasonisitprobably?A.Summer. B.Autumn. C.Winter.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tbelievehowhotitis.It’susuallysnowingatthistimeofyear.W:Thisisaresultofclimatechange.Wewillseelotsofunusualweatheroverthenextdecade.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thegamestheywanttosee.B.Theexercisetheydoindlylife.C.ThepreparationstheydofortheAsianGames.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ican’twtfortheAsianGamesthisyear.W:Yes!Ilovetheartisticswimmingcompetition.EverymorningwhenI’minthepool,IimagineI’mpartoftheChineseteam!M:Ha-ha!Well,I’mavideogamefan,soI’mcurioustoseethenewe-sports.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Inanofficebuilding.B.Inaforest.C.Onahill.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Theviewsfromhereusedtobesobeautiful.Nowit’sruinedbecauseallofthetreeshavebeencutdown.W:Iagree.Nowallwecanseefromthishillarejustbuildings.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomanworryingabout?A.WhetherMarycandrivehomesafely.B.Whenthetrafficcangetlight.C.Howshecangethome.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Marysdthatshewascominghometoday.W:Well,Ihopeshedrivescarefully.Youknowwhatthetrafficislikeatthistimeofyear.M:Don’tworry.Maryisagooddriver.Idon’tthinkweneedtoworryabouther.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthemansufferingfrom?A.Pninthehead.B.Backache.C.Kneeinjuries.7.Howwillthewomanhelptheman?A.Byintroducingadoctortohim.B.Bydoingexercisewithhim.C.Byrelaxinghiswholebody.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Youlookpale.Isyourbackbetternow?M:No,it’sreallyhurtingmeattheminute.ButmyregulardoctorsdIjustneedtorelaxit.W:Mymomwenttoaspecialistwhodealswithbonepnwhenherkneeswereinjured.He’sexcellent.M:Whatsortoftreatmentdidhegiveher?W:Hegaveherahead-to-toemassage.Thenheshowedhersomeexercisestodoathome.Icouldgiveyouhisdetlsifyoulike.M:Thanks.I’llaskourbossforleavetomorrowandgotothedoctor.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howistheman’sbusinessdifferenttoothers?A.Theytrnpetstokeepquiet.B.Theytakepetstooutdooractivities.C.Theyofferpetsspecialfood.9.Whichanimalsprobablyenjoytheride?A.Rabbits. B.Cats. C.Dogs.10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandemployee.B.Reporterandinterviewee.C.Petstoreownerandpetowner.【答案】8.B9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:Thisnewbusinessyou’veopenedisreallyinteresting.Tellmeaboutit.M:It’sapetday-carecenter.It’ssetupforpeoplewhohavetoworkbutwanttheirpetstohavecompanyduringtheday.W:Soundsgreat,butaren’ttherebusinesseslikethisaroundalready?M:Yes,butweoffersomethingunique.Thepetsdon’tjustsitaroundallday.Theygoonactivitiesintheopenr.W:Whatsortofactivities?M:Wehavespecialbikesthatcancarryanimalsaround.Theygoonabikeridetotakelittleadventures,andwegetfit.W:Dopetsreallylikethat?M:Mostdo.Perhapsnotcatsorrabbits,butdogsalwaysgetexcitedwhentheyseeourbikespassby.W:Well,thanksfortalkingtotheDlyNewstoday.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherincome?A.Sheisnotwell-pd.B.Shewillgetrichverysoon.C.Shecanmakemoneycreatively.12.Howdoesthewomanplantorseherincome?A.Byrecordingandsellingsomecourses.B.Byprovidingsomephotographyclasses.C.Byfindingabetter-payingjob.13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Runhisownstudio.B.Filmhisonlinecoursesseriously.C.Postpntingclassesonwebsites.【答案】11.C12.A13.B【解析】【原文】M:Howdoyoumanagetoworkfull-timeasanartist?It’snotaverywell-pdcareer.AndIknowyoudon’thavearichpartner,oranyotherfamilysupport.W:Well,forme,it’sbeenaboutgettingcreativewithhowImakemoneyratherthanhowmuchIcanmake.M:Oh?W:Nowadays,it’seasytogetpdforsharingyourknowledgeonline.Irunregularonlinepntingclassesandlivesaleseventstosellmyartwork.I’malsoplanningtocreatesomemorein-depthpntingcoursesandsellthemonlearningwebsites.M:Wow,really?W:Yes.Obviously,it’sagreatwaytoearnmoney,asyouonlyhavetofilmtheclassonce.Butyougetpdeverytimesomeonebuysit.M:That’ssuchacoolidea.MaybeIshouldcreatesomephotographyclasses!W:Whynot?Butifyouwanttodoitforaliving,youhavetotreatitlikebusiness.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhydoesJohncometothehouse?A.Todosomereprs.B.Tovisithisaunt.C.Torentthehouse.15.Whatdowelearnaboutthehouse?A.Therentisexpensive.B.Itwasbuiltmanyyearsago.C.Bethmovedinherelastweek.16.HowmuchwillitcostBethtochangeallthewiring?A.$1800 B.$2000 C.$2300.17.WhatwillJohndonext?A.Leavethehouse.B.Buyanewlight.C.Carryoutsometests.【答案】14.A15.B16.A17.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello.YoumustbeBeth.W:Yes,andyoumustbeJohn.Thankyouforcomingonsuchshortnotice.Yourauntsdyouarethemostreliablereprmaninthisneighborhood.M:Thanks.Shetoldmethelightsinyourhousegoonandoffatallhoursoftheday.W:Yes.M:Italwayshappensinoldhouseslikethis.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?W:Justafewmonths,butitonlystartedhappeninglastweek.M:I’lldosometestsfirstandseeifwecanfindtheproblem.W:Andwhatifyoucan’t?M:Youmayneedtoreplacethewiringintheentirehouse.W:Thatsoundsexpensive.M:Don’tworry.Itsoundslikeabiggerjobthanitis.I’lldooneroomatatimesothatitwon’tcauseyoutoomuchinconvenience.W:Howmuchwoulditbe?M:Itnormallycosts$2000,butI’lltakeoff10%sinceyou’reafriendofmyaunt’s.W:That’sverykindofyou.I’llleaveyoutodothetests.Letmeknowifyouneedanything.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatcausedtheaccident?A.ThatNorwooddrovetoofast.B.ThatNorwoodranhercarintoatree.C.ThatanothercarranintoNorwood’svehicle.19.WhathappenedtoSimmons?A.Shewasstuckunderthefallenhouse.B.Shewassavedbyherfriendintheaccident.C.Shedidn’tbeginbreathinguntilthemedicalstaffarrived.20.HowwillErikaMillerprobablybeinspiredbytheaccident?A.Shewilltakeherjobmoreseriously.B.Shewillattendafirst-dcourse.C.Shewilldrivemorecarefully.【答案】18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】Firstdisoneofthemostimportantskillsapersoncanlearn,althoughofcourse,wehopewe’llneveractuallyhavetouseit.However,onebraveyoungteenagerhadtouseherlife-savingskillstosaveherbestfriend’slife,just24hoursaftercompletingthecourse.Eighteen-year-oldTorri’ellNorwoodofSt.Petersburg,Florida,wasdrivingacrossthetownwhenhercarwashitbyaspeedingdriver.Theimpactthrewthecarintoatreeinthefrontyardofanearbyhouse.Norwoodandtwoofherfriendswereluckilyunhurt,andabletoclimboutofthecar.However,thethirdpassenger,Norwood’sbestfriendA’zarriaSimmons,hadexperiencedseriousheadinjuriesduringthecrash,causingherhearttostop.Afterpullingherfriendtosafety,NorwoodimmediatelystartedperformingCPR(心肺复苏)whileherfriendscalledforhelp.ThankstoNorwood’squickactions,Simmonsbeganbreathingagnshortlybeforemedicalstaffarrived,andmadeafullrecoveryinhospital.ErikaMiller,whotaughtNorwood’sFirstdcoursejustthedaybefore,wasamazedbyherstudent’sperformance,andrealizedthemeaningofherwork.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ASummerofPlay:FunFamilyActivitiesatNationalTrustSitesTheNationalTrust,afamousconservationcharityintheUK,holdsitsyearlySummerofPlayfromJuly20toSeptember2,2024.Thereareover500family-friendlyactivitiesinmorethan200historicplaces,gardensandcoastalareas,offeringallfamiliesgreatfunduringthesummervacation.BodiamCastle,EastSussexStepintothemedievalworldatBodiamCastle.FromJuly24toSeptember2,thecastleholdsaMedievalFrwithsmalljoustingshows,hobbyhorseracesandstrawbalebarriers.KidscanalsojointheKnightSchoolfromAugust18to26,learningbasicknightskillsandtakingpartinsmallmatchfights.Theactivityisfreewiththeusualcastleticket.EmmettsGarden,KentEnjoyoutdoorgamesandnature-themedfunatEmmettsGarden.OpenfromJuly19toSeptember7,thegardenprovideshulahoopchallenges,sackracesandcricketgamesonthegrasseveryweekend.Don’tmisstheoutdoortheatreplays:Pride&PrejudiceonJuly27andTheTempestonJuly30.Visitorscanbringpicnicsandrestinthegarden’sshadyplaces.DunwichHeathandBeach,SuffolkForthosewholovenatureandwildanimals,DunwichHeathandBeachisawonderfulchoice.TheSummerofPlayisheldherefromJuly22toSeptember3,withdlyopen-rgamesandhandcraftactivities.SpecialeventsincludeInsectSafarionJuly22andAugust5(11am-12pm)andBatWalkonthesamedays(8:30pm-10pm).You’dbettertakewarmclothesfortheeveningBatWalk.BookingTips●MostactivitiesarefreewiththetickettotheNationalTrustsite,butsomespecialeventsrequireonlinebookingaheadoftime.●Familymembershipcardscanbeusedtoenterallsitesandjoinmostactivitiesforfree.●ChecktheNationalTrustwebsiteforthelatestweathernewsandactivitychangesbeforeyourvisit.21.WhatdoweknowabouttheKnightSchoolatBodiamCastle?A.Itlastsmorethanoneweek.B.Itiscompletelyfreeofcharge.C.Itprovidesprofessionaltrningforfutureknights.D.ItisheldeverydayduringtheMedievalFr.22.WhatcanweinferabouttheSummerofPlayactivity?A.Itisavlabletomembersonlyforfreeaccess.B.Itcoversmoretypesofactivitiesingardensthancastles.C.IthasalongerrunningtimeatEmmettsGardenthanBodiamCastle.D.Itrequiresadvancebookingforalloutdoortheatreperformances.23.Whatisthemnpurposeofthetext?A.ToattractmorefamiliestobecomeNationalTrustmembers.B.Tocomparedifferentsummeractivitiesatseveralscenicspots.C.Tointroducefamily-friendlyactivitiesduringSummerofPlay.D.Toofferguidanceonplanningsafeoutdoortripsinsummer.【答案】21.A22.C23.C【解析】【导语】文章介绍英国国家信托基金举办夏日游玩季活动，推荐三处场地特色亲子项目并附上相关预约游玩须知。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据BodiamCastle,EastSussex中的“KidscanalsojointheKnightSchoolfromAugust18to26,learningbasicknightskillsandtakingpartinsmallmatchfights.(孩子们还可以参加8月18日至26日的骑士学堂，学习基础骑士技能并参与小型比武活动)”可知，骑士学堂活动时长超过一周。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据BodiamCastle,EastSussex中的“FromJuly24toSeptember2,thecastleholdsaMedievalFr(城堡活动时间为7月24日至9月2日)”以及EmmettsGarden,Kent中的“OpenfromJuly19toSeptember7,thegardenprovideshulahoopchallenges(花园活动开放时间为7月19日至9月7日)”可知，埃米特花园的活动时长比博迪亚姆城堡更长。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“TheNationalTrust,afamousconservationcharityintheUK,holdsitsyearlySummerofPlayfromJuly20toSeptember2,2024.Thereareover500family-friendlyactivitiesinmorethan200historicplaces,gardensandcoastalareas,offeringallfamiliesgreatfunduringthesummervacation.(英国知名环保慈善机构国家信托基金于2024年7月20日至9月2日举办年度夏日游玩季，在200多处场地推出五百余项亲子趣味活动，丰富家庭暑期生活)”并结合对三处亲子项目的介绍可知，文章主要目的是介绍夏日游玩季的各类亲子休闲活动。BAnationallawmakerrecentlyproposedthatartificialintelligence()shouldempowerthewholechnofculturalheritageprotection,withaspecialfocusonthesystematicprotectionofBuddhistmuralsandsculpturesattheMogaoCavesinDunhuang,GansuProvince.WangWanfu,adeputytothe14thNationalPeople’sCongressandaseniorresearcherattheDunhuangAcademy,highlighted’sgreatvalueinmuralrestorationduringthefourthsessionofthe14thNPCheldinBeijing.Henotedthatsignificantlyimprovesworkefficiencyandhelpsdetectdeterioration(恶化)early.WangexplnedthatprotectingDunhuangmuralsisasystematicprocessthatfirstinvolvesmonitoringkeyenvironmentalindicatorssuchastemperatureandhumidity.Next,expertsneedtosurveyandassessboththemurals’uniqueheritagevalueandtheircurrentpreservationcondition,especiallyjudgingwhethertheirdeteriorationisactiveorstable.playsacrucialroleinthisprocess.Withitshighprecisionandstrongcomputingpower,itcananalyzelargeamountsofenvironmentaldataandprocesstensofthousandsofhigh-definitionphotostodetecttinycracksordetachments(脱落)inmurals,helpingexpertsidentifypotentialrisksearlyandtaketimelymeasurestopreventfurtherdeterioration.Hegaveaspecificexample.WhenrestoringaflyingribbonofaDunhuangapsara,madefulluseofitspowerfulcomputingcapacitytoanalyzeimagesofdifferentartisticstylesfromvarioushistoricalperiodsandgeneratedmultiplescientificrestorationoptions.Archaeologists,arthistoriansandmuralpntingrestorersthencarefullyreviewedtheseoptionsandselectedtheoptimalplan,ensuringtherestoration’saccuracyandauthenticity.Wangemphasizedthatapplicationsmustbefirmlygroundedinhistoricalfactsandbasedonmuralimages.Theultimategoalofheritageprotectionistopreserveculturalrelicsintheirauthenticandcompleteformwithoutoverinterpretingthem.Wangalsopointedouttwomajorchallengesinculturalheritageprotection.Thesechallengesareinsufficientprofessionaltalentandlowspatialpositioningaccuracyforimmovableculturalrelics.Toaddresstheseissues,hesuggestedissuingdigitalidentitycardsforbothimmovableandmovableculturalrelicsbasedontheBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem’s(北斗卫星导航系统)high-precisionpositioning.Healsocalledonrelevantdepartmentstoimprovethetalentdevelopmentsystembystrengtheningpolicysupportandmechanisminnovation.Thismstoattractmorepassionatepeopletodevotethemselvestoculturalheritageprotection.24.WhatisabletodointheprocessofprotectingDunhuangmurals?A.Adjusttemperatureandhumidityautomatically.B.Replacehumanexpertsinmakingrestorationdecisions.C.Detecthiddendamagebyanalyzingphotosanddata.D.Createnewartisticstylesbasedonhistoricalimages.25.Whatdoes“groundedinhistoricalfacts”implyinparagraph4?A.Historicalaccuracyshouldlimittheuseof.B.Technologymustserveauthenticity,notreplaceit.C.shouldbeusedfordatingculturalrelics.D.Historicalresearchismoreimportantthanrestoration.26.WhichofthefollowingstatementswillWangWanfuagreewith?A.Policiesareneededtotackletheshortageofexperts.B.Relevantdepartmentscanusedigitalidentitycardstoattractmoreparticipants.C.Beidouisthecoretechnologyformonitoringthedeteriorationofculturalrelics.D.Inefficiencyistheprimaryobstacletotherestorationoftheculturalrelics.27.Whatisthemnideaofthepassage?A.helpsdetecthiddendamageinDunhuang’sancientmurals.B.preservesDunhuangheritagewithBeidouandtalents.C.assiststheprotectionofDunhuang’sculturalheritage.D.playsakeyroleingeneratingrestorationoptionsformurals.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.C【解析】【导语】文章主要介绍了全国人大代表、敦煌研究院研究员王万福提出的利用人工智能（）赋能敦煌莫高窟文化遗产保护全链条的建议，阐述了在壁画监测、修复等方面的作用，以及当前保护工作面临的挑战与应对方案。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Withitshighprecisionandstrongcomputingpower,itcananalyzelargeamountsofenvironmentaldataandprocesstensofthousandsofhigh-definitionphotostodetecttinycracksordetachments(脱落)inmurals,helpingexpertsidentifypotentialrisksearlyandtaketimelymeasurestopreventfurtherdeterioration.(凭借其高精度和强大的计算能力，可以分析大量环境数据并处理数万张高清照片，检测壁画中的微小裂缝或脱落，帮助专家及早识别潜在风险并采取及时措施防止进一步恶化)”可知，能够通过分析照片和数据来检测隐藏的损坏。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Wangemphasizedthatapplicationsmustbefirmlygroundedinhistoricalfactsandbasedonmuralimages.Theultimategoalofheritageprotectionistopreserveculturalrelicsintheirauthenticandcompleteformwithoutoverinterpretingthem.(王万福强调，人工智能的应用必须牢牢扎根于历史事实，并以壁画图像为基础。文化遗产保护的最终目标是保护文物的真实性和完整性，而不是过度解读)”可知，“groundedinhistoricalfacts”意味着技术必须服务于真实性，而非取代它。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Healsocalledonrelevantdepartmentstoimprovethetalentdevelopmentsystembystrengtheningpolicysupportandmechanisminnovation.Thismstoattractmorepassionatepeopletodevotethemselvestoculturalheritageprotection.(他还呼吁有关部门通过加强政策支持和机制创新来完善人才培养体系，旨在吸引更多有热情的人投身文化遗产保护事业)”可知，王万福认为需要制定政策来解决专业人才短缺的问题。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anationallawmakerrecentlyproposedthatartificialintelligence()shouldempowerthewholechnofculturalheritageprotection,withaspecialfocusonthesystematicprotectionofBuddhistmuralsandsculpturesattheMogaoCavesinDunhuang,GansuProvince.(近日，一位全国人大代表提议，人工智能应赋能文化遗产保护全链条，重点加强甘肃敦煌莫高窟佛教壁画与雕塑的系统性保护)”可知，文章的主旨是人工智能助力敦煌文化遗产保护。CDefinedmostbroadlyastheexerciseoffocusingone’sattentiononthecurrentmoment,meditationinsomeformhasbeenpracticedformillenniabyreligioustraditionsaroundtheworld—mostrootedinaquestforspiritualenlightenment.Today,thepopularityofmeditationhasgrowninparallelwithawarenessabouttheimportanceofmentalhealthandstressrelief.ManyU.S.schoolsnowhaveprogramsthatteachmeditationtostudents,whiledozensofmeditationappssuchasHeadspaceandCalmofferpeopletheoptionofusingtheirsmartphones—otherwiseasourceofdistraction—toimmersethemselvesinsessionsguidedbyinstructors,withcalmingmusicplayinginthebackground,attheirownconvenience.“Twentyyearsago,whenIusedtotellpeopleImeditated,theywouldthinkIwasinacult(邪教)orsomething,”notesKathrynDevaney,aneuroscientistwhoresearchesmeditationattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.“Thensomethingchangedaroundsixyearsorso.NowwhenItalktopeopleaboutmeditation,theresponseIgetoftenis‘Oh,IknowIshouldbedoingthat.’”Whatthesemodernmeditationenthusiastsarelearningisthattherereallyarehealthbenefitsfromdoingbreathingexercisesforafewminutesaday—andresearchhasbeguntoconfirmit.SaraLazar,apsychologistatHarvardUniversity,andhercolleagueshaveconductedstudiesthatilluminatehowmeditationreducesanxiety,whichhasverysimilarsymptomstostress.Theresearcherscomparedstress-reductionprograms:onemindfulness-based,inwhich42volunteerslearnedawarenessmeditationandyogapracticesforeightweeks,theotherexercise-based,duringwhich25volunteersperformedlightaerobicexercises.Totestthis,theresearchersdesignedafear-conditioningtask.Volunteerswereshownapictureofalampthatcouldglowinthreecolors:blue,red,oryellow.Twoofthecolorswerepredwithamildelectricshock,whilethethirdwasnot.Overtime,thevolunteerslearnedtoassociatethosetwocolorswithdiscomfortandshowedsignsoffearwhenseeingthem.Later,thesamecolorswerepresentedagn—thistimewithoutanyshock.Lazarandhercolleaguesfoundthosewhoreceivedthemindfulness-basedstress-reductiontrningwerebetterabletoshedtheirfearfulresponsetotheshock-associatedlampcolors.Frombrnscansofthevolunteers,theresearchersconcludedthatthemindfulnesstrninghadchangedhowtheirbrnsprocessedtheirinitialfearfulmemoriesandincreasedtheirabilitytorecallthatthestimuluswasnolongerthreatening.28.WhatcanbelearnedfromKathrynDevaney’scomments?A.Meditationwaswidelyregardedasareligiouspracticetwodecadesago.B.People’sunderstandingofmeditationhasshiftedfromsuspiciontoacceptance.C.Neuroscientistswerethefirsttorecognizethevalueofmeditation.D.Theriseofmeditationappshasmadepeoplemorewillingtotrymeditation.29.WhatdidparticipantsdoinSaraLazar’sstudy?A.Theparticipantspracticedmindfulnessoraerobicexerciseswhileviewingcoloredlights.B.Theparticipantslearnedtoassociatetwolampcolorswithmildelectricshocks.C.Theparticipantsrecalledfearfulmemoriesandperformedbreathingexercises.D.Theparticipantsviewedthreelampcolorsandreceivedshockseachtime.30.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheresultofthestudy?A.Mindfulnesstrninghelpedparticipantseliminatefearfulmemories.B.Theexercise-basedgroupshowednoimprovementinanxietyreduction.C.Mindfulnesstrningchangedhowthebrnrespondedtothreateningstimuli.D.Thefear-conditioningtaskcausedlastingpsychologicaldamagetoparticipants.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Meditation:FromReligiousPracticetoScientificDiscoveryB.Meditation:AnEffectiveWaytoReduceAnxietyC.Meditation:APracticewithaLongHistoryD.Meditation:FindingPeaceinaDistractedWorld【答案】28.B29.B30.C31.A【解析】【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了冥想源于世界各地的宗教传统，如今因心理健康需求日益流行，公众态度从怀疑转为接受，科学研究证实其能改变大脑反应、有效减轻焦虑。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Twentyyearsago,whenIusedtotellpeopleImeditated,theywouldthinkIwasinacult(邪教)orsomething,”notesKathrynDevaney,aneuroscientistwhoresearchesmeditationattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.“Thensomethingchangedaroundsixyearsorso.NowwhenItalktopeopleaboutmeditation,theresponseIgetoftenis‘Oh,IknowIshouldbedoingthat.’”(加州大学伯克利分校研究冥想的神经科学家凯瑟琳·德瓦尼指出：“20年前，当我告诉别人我在冥想时，他们会认为我是在邪教之类的。”“大约六年前左右，情况发生了变化。现在当我跟人们谈论冥想时，得到的回应往往是‘哦，我知道我应该这么做。’”)”可知，二十年前人们将冥想与邪教联系在一起（怀疑态度），如今人们普遍认为自己应该尝试冥想（接受态度），这清晰地反映了公众对冥想认知的转变。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Volunteerswereshownapictureofalampthatcouldglowinthreecolors:blue,red,oryellow.Twoofthecolorswerepredwithamildelectricshock,whilethethirdwasnot.Overtime,thevolunteerslearnedtoassociatethosetwocolorswithdiscomfortandshowedsignsoffearwhenseeingthem.Later,thesamecolorswerepresentedagn—thistimewithoutanyshock.(志愿者们看到一张灯的图片，该灯可以发出三种颜色的光：蓝色、红色或黄色。其中两种颜色与轻微的电击相配，而第三种颜色则没有。随着时间的推移，志愿者们学会了将这两种颜色与不适联系起来，并在看到它们时表现出恐惧的迹象。后来，同样的颜色再次出现——这次没有电击。)”可知，研究的核心测试环节是让志愿者学会将两种特定颜色的灯光与轻微电击建立关联，以此观察他们的恐惧反应。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Frombrnscansofthevolunteers,theresearchersconcludedthatthemindfulnesstrninghadchangedhowtheirbrnsprocessedtheirinitialfearfulmemoriesandincreasedtheirabilitytorecallthatthestimuluswasnolongerthreatening.(通过对志愿者的脑部扫描，研究人员得出结论：正念训练改变了他们大脑处理最初恐惧记忆的方式，并增强了他们回忆起该刺激已不再具有威胁性的能力。)”可知，正念训练改变了大脑对威胁刺激的反应模式。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章按照时间脉络展开：首先介绍冥想起源于世界各地的宗教传统，以追求精神开悟为目的；接着讲述冥想在现代社会因心理健康需求而流行，公众态度发生根本转变；最后通过哈佛大学的科学研究，证实了冥想在减轻焦虑方面的生理机制。A选项“Meditation:FromReligiousPracticetoScientificDiscovery(冥想：从宗教实践到科学发现)”精准概括了冥想从宗教实践到获得科学验证的完整发展历程，适合作为文章的标题。DUniversitiesworldwidearefacinganidentitycrisis.Withtuitionfeesrisingsteadilyandgraduateemployabilitydecliningsharply,manyarequestioningwhetheratraditionaldegreeisstillworththeinvestment.Therapidspreadofmicro-credentials(微证书)—short,concentratedcertificationsinjob-readyskills—hasintensifiedthisdebate.MajorcompanieslikeGoogleandIBMnowoffertheirowncareercertificates,andemployersareincreasinglyreceptivetothesealternativecredentials.ForagenerationrsedonYouTubetutorialsandChatGPT,thefour-yeardegreecanseemlikeanexpensiverelic.Yetamidthegrowingenthusiasmformicro-credentials,onecrucialtruthrisksbeingforgotten:universitieswereneverjustaboutcontentdelivery.Theywere,andstillare,abouthumanconnectionandtheformationofcitizens.Beyondtheclassroomwalls,friendshipsareforged,identitiesaretestedandreshaped,andyoungpeoplelearntoliveindependently.Debatesincafeterias,late-nightstudygroups,sports,andstudentactivism—theseseeminglyperipheralactivitiesshapeindividualsinprofoundwaysthataZoomlectureoradigitalbadgenevercan.Micro-credentialsmaycertifyyourabilitytoanalyzedata,buttheycannotteachyouhowtointegrateknowledgeacrossdisciplinesorengageindifficultconversationsaboutethicsandsociety.Criticsoftraditionalhighereducation,however,arguethatthis“humanconnection”argumentsometimesservesasaconvenientdefenseforanoutdatedsystem.Theypointoutthatuniversitieshaveallowedthemselvestobeperceivedasoverpricedtrningfactories,flingtoadapttomarketrealities.Fordisadvantagedgroups,micro-credentialsofferamoreaccessibleandaffordablepathwaytoemployment,effectivelyliftingeducationalbarriersthattraditionalinstitutionshavelongmntned.Thefutureofhighereducationwillnotbeasimplechoicebetweentraditionaluniversitiesandmicro-credentials,butratheramatterofthoughtfulintegration.Universitiesthatclingtotheoldmodelofexpensivedegreespromisingautomaticemploymentwillstruggle.Butthosethatembraceflexibility—incorporatingmicro-credentialsintotheirprograms,providingnumerouscredentials,andinvestinginwhatcannotprovide,suchasmentorshipandintellectualcompanionship—canthriveinthisnewlandscape.Thequestionisnotwhetheruniversitieswillsurvive,butwhethertheyarewillingtochange.32.Whatworsensthecrisisfacedbyuniversities?A.Therisingcostoftuition B.ThefallingemploymentrateC.Thepopularityofmicro-credentials D.Thechangingdemandsofemployers33.Theunderlinedwordinparagraph2mostprobablymeans________.A.central B.secondary C.irrelevant D.innovative34.Whatdocriticsthinkofuniversities?A.Theybenefitthoseadvantagedmost.B.Theyusecampuslifetodisguisepoorteaching.C.Theyshouldincorporatemicro-credentials.D.Theygivelowerprioritytomarketrealities.35.Whatdoestheauthorthinkuniversitiesshoulddotothrive?A.Paymoreattentiontomicro-credentials.B.Valuewhatcannotprovide.C.Stophidingpoorteachingbehindcampuslife.D.Absorbaflexiblemodelwhilekeepingtheirstrengths.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.D【解析】【导语】本文讨论传统大学学位遇冷、微证书兴起，分析双方利弊，提出高等教育未来应融合两种模式、主动求变。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Therapidspreadofmicro-credentials(微证书)—short,concentratedcertificationsinjob-readyskills—hasintensifiedthisdebate.(微证书的快速普及——短期、聚焦职业技能的证书——进一步加剧了这场争论)”可知，微证书的流行加剧了大学面临的身份危机。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“theseseeminglyperipheralact