东华大高分子材料成型工艺教案

《高分子材料成型工艺》材料科学与工程学院教案PAGEPAGE5东华大学材料科学与工程学院高分子材料成型工艺教案任课教师：高分子材料科学与工程系沈青2006年9月

课程基本信息课程名称高分子材料成型工艺课程编号110661学分数2学时数30授课班级高分子材料与工程专业级课程性质（）通识教育（）学科基础（√）专业方向（）必修（√）选修考核方式（）闭卷考（√）开卷考（）小论文（）其它____________总评成绩平时成绩（）％＋考核成绩（100）％使用教材教材名称Aself-editedlecturenotewhereseveralchaptersarefromthebookof“SyntheticFibers,MachinesandEquipmentManufacture,Properties”主编F.Fourne出版社及出版日期Amazon，1999参考资料《化纤设备》，高雨生等，纺织工业出版社《涤纶长丝高速纺设备》，张瑞志等，青岛海洋大学出版社《涤纶长丝生产》，徐心华等，纺织工业出版社

高分子材料成型工艺教学大纲【高分子材料成型工艺】【MethodologiesforPolymericMaterialsFormation】一．基本信息课程代码：【110661】课程学分：【2】面向专业：【高分子材料与工程】课程性质：【专业方向选修】开课院系：材料学院高分子材料与工程系使用教材：主教材【《FiberFabricationMethodology》，自编讲义2006】辅助教材【无】参考教材【《化纤设备》，高雨生等，纺织工业出版社;《涤纶长丝高速纺设备》，张瑞志等，青岛海洋大学出版社;《涤纶长丝生产》，徐心华等，纺织工业出版社同上】先修课程：【《高分子物理》、《高分子化学》代码和学分数，举例：高等数学A（1）010001（5）】并修课程：【高分子材料加工设备，110671，2学分】二．课程简介本课程主要是采用英文原版书介绍纤维成型工艺、原理及相应的过程设备。三.选课建议高分子材料与工程专业的学生应选修本课程。一般应在三、四年级选修为宜。四．课程任务和教学目标本课程的教学任务是培养高分子材料与工程专业学生的工程能力，是从事纤维工业的一门重要课程。教学目标是培养学生对高分子纤维加工过程的基本知识可以用英语来进行理解和描述，为学生胜任现代工业的工作奠定必要的基础。五．课程基本内容及要求第一章：绪论要求学生了解双语授课的形式，本课程讲解要点及本课程的作用与影响。第二章:目录讲解要求学生根据目录知道课程内容，掌握相关术语的英语词汇。第三章:纤维成型设备的原理与应用要求学生了解和掌握反应釜的结构、应用形式、附件特征、原理及应用；熔融纺丝的整个过程及各单元设备的结构、原理、主要特征及应用，如阀门、螺杆挤出机、纺丝箱、喷丝板、空气成型室、加油装置、卷绕设备等；溶液纺丝过程及单元设备的结构、原理和应用，如浴槽等。同时还介绍其它纺丝方法及简单的原理，如干纺、静电纺等。第四章不同种类高分子材料的特征及纤维纺丝特点要求学生了解和掌握高分子的最常见纤维如PA,PVC,PU,PAN,PP,PET的纺丝设备、过程及特征。此处以章节的形式概述课程的基本内容。六．课程内容的重点、深度和广度课程的重点内容是熔融纺丝和湿法纺丝。深度在于用英语对过程进行理解和描述，而广度则在于原版书本身所具有的对高分子成型过程描述的广泛性，如对PA不仅讲到普遍的6和66两种型号，还提到其它型号。七．与有关课程的联系及分工并修课程：高分子材料加工设备，110671，由杨庆老师负责进行教学。课程过程还安排学生参观相关的纤维成型过程并进行现场讲解，也有授课老师负责。八．对学生能力培养的要求和方法通过本课程的学习，要求学生用英语掌握化学纤维熔融纺和湿法纺这两种主要纤维生产线主要设备的工作原理、基本结构与工艺作用，并熟悉这些设备之间与工艺的联系。教学方法采用课堂与工场讲解两种方式。为了培养学生英语阅读能力和答题能力，本课安排课堂英语练习。九．学时分配建议第一章：绪论（2学时）第二章:目录讲解（2学时）第三章:纤维成型设备的原理与应用（18学时）第四章：不同种类高分子材料的特征及纤维纺丝特点（4学时）课堂练习（2学时，根据课程进展不定期进行）：为了加强学生对英语题目的理解，本课程在授课过程将经常不定期的安排课堂练习。目的是让学生能熟悉英语著作、原版英语对事物的描述，并能根据题意用英语回答问题。总复习和答疑（共4学时）十．课内实验名称及基本要求本课程无相关实验，但安排一定时间的参观和现场讲解。十一.考核说明期末开卷方式考试成绩为本门课的成绩。注：教学大纲一式三份，一份教师和教研室，一份存学院，一份上网（学生选课系统）。《高分子材料成型工艺》教学日历—学年第学期课程名称高分子材料成型工艺任课教师沈青考查周次――答疑时间使用班级教研室主任考试周次答疑地点日期次数讲课内容分章和分节的名称课内时数课外时数习题课、课堂讨论、课堂练习内容课内时数课外时数1Chapter1.Abriefintroductionofthiscourse22Chapter2.Startthestudyfromunderstandingofthecontentoftextbook23Chapter3.Fiberformationrelatedequipmentandmachine1.Reactorandautoclave2Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents0.25-0.5h4Chapter3.Fiberformationrelatedequipmentandmachine2.Meltspinningmachineandrelateddevices（1）Chipgatevalve2Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents0.25-0.5h5Chapter3.Fiberformationrelatedequipmentandmachine2.Meltspinningmachineandrelateddevices(2)Spinextruder(3)Spinningheadsandbeams(4)Spinningpump(5)Spinningfinishpump(6)Dischargepumpandin-linepump(7)Filter(8)Spinpacks2Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents0.25-0.5h6Chapter3.Fiberformationrelatedequipmentandmachine2.Meltspinningmachineandrelateddevices(9)Quenchcabinets(10)Spinfinishapplicationsystems(11)Spinningtake-upmachines2Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents0.25-0.5h7Chapter3.Fiberformationrelatedequipmentandmachine3.Wetspinningmachineandrelatedcomponents2Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents0.25-0.5h8Visitspinningprocessandrelatedmachines89101112Chapter4.Differentpolymersandrelatedfiberformationprocess1.Polyamideethylene,PE2.Polypropylene,PP3.Polyacrylonitrile，PAN4.Polyvinylchloride,PVC2Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents0.25-0.5h13Chapter4.Differentpolymersandrelatedfiberformationprocess5.Polyamide,PA6.Polyester,PET7.Polyurethanes,PU2Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents0.25-0.5h14Ageneralreview215Questionandproblemresponseinsitu2次数：1，上课周次：第（1）周，第（1）次，上课时数：（2）学时教学内容Chapter1.Abriefintroductionofthiscourse教学目的和要求ToleadstudentstoaworldbytakingEnglishasatoolforunderstandingpolymerhowtobeformedandrelatedmachines教学的重点和难点BringhappyandeasytostudenttoavoidtheinitialEnglish-speakingresultedpusillanimity教学手段说明Internetavailable参考资料Internetappearedinformationareexpectedtoreadbriefly布置作业No备注AChinese-Englishdictionaryisrequiredandexpectedbeingpreparedforallstudentsbeforethisstudy.教学过程：Teachingaims1.

InadditiontostudythesamecontentforstudentsmajorinpolymericmaterialsscienceandengineeringtolearnmentionedmaterialsandrelatedtechnologiesfromChinesetextbookandinChinese,thislecturewillprovideapossibilityforstudentstoknowpolymermaterialshowtobeprepared,formedandconvertedintodifferentshapes,however,inEnglishandespeciallyfromanativeEnglishbook.OfthemthefiberformationwouldbehighlightedwithrespecttothefeaturesofDonghuaUniversity.2.

TofitarequestforsomestudentstheyareaimingtostudyinabroadtoknowhowtolearnEnglish-basedcourse.3.TohelpsomestudentstouseEnglishasatooltodescribeandunderstandsomethingtofitarequestofworkingatsino-foreigncompany.4.

ToguidestudentstoseeanativeEnglishbookandunderstandsubjectrelatedwordsandsomethinghowbedescribed.5.

Toobtainaself-resultedpositivefeelonreadingofnativeEnglishbookafterthislecture.6.TotrainstudentsusingEnglishasatooltogivesolutionandanswerforgivenproblems.TeachingcontentThewholecoursewouldbetaughtwithtwoparts,thefirstpartisproposedas:1.

tofamiliarwithspecialwordsappearedinthebookof“Syntheticfibers:machinesandequipmentmanufacture,properties”.Agenerallearnandunderstandfromcontents.2.

Abriefunderstandingofwhatwouldbelearntfromcontents.3.

Leaningofpopularfiberspinningroutes,e.g.meltspinning,wetspinning(solutionspinning),relatedprocess,machineandequipment.4.Knowingofotherfiberspinningmethodsfrombook.5.

Totakeseveraltypicalpolymersasexamplestostudyhowtheirfiberformationbepreparedindetail.TeachingmethodTheteachingmethodusedinthiscoursewouldbeasDIO,Doitbyourselves.次数：2，上课周次：第（1）周，第（2）次，上课时数：（2）学时教学内容Chapter2.Startthestudyfromunderstandingofthecontentoftextbook教学目的和要求BringstudenttostudynativeEnglish-basedtextbook教学的重点和难点Toenhancethelearninginterestforallstudents教学手段说明Internetavailable参考资料No布置作业No备注Asthesameaspreviouslyclaimed教学过程：Duringthislecture,thestartofthetextbookwouldbesincetheunderstandingofthecontentwithrespecttotheconsideringthatsuchstudycaseisusuallyquitefreshformoststudents.WebelievethatsucharrangementisnecessaryforstudentstocontactanEnglish-basedtextbookatwho’sinitialstudystage.WithwishthisinitialstudycanbringstudentstoanEnglishwordsrelatingtotheirsubject,whilewithafreshexpecttoknowmoremeanwhilewithoutanypusillanimity.次数：3，上课周次：第（2）周，第（1）次，上课时数：（2）学时教学内容Chapter3.Fiberformationrelatedequipmentandmachine1.Reactorandautoclave教学目的和要求TounderstandthesecontentsbasedonEnglish.教学的重点和难点Tolinkstudentstodetailedcaseisnoteasily教学手段说明Internetavailable参考资料ToseeChinese-basedbooks布置作业Insituworktobearrangedwithsolution备注Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents,andthetotaltimetobeabout0.5h.教学过程：Anintroductionoffiberformationrequiredequipmentsandmachines1.Reactorandautoclave(P174,237Fig.4.12)a)

Batchtype:auniquevesselwithagitatorandrelatedheating,measuringdevicesusuallydesignedtoallowpolymerizationordissolutionmaterialsinside.Inthiscase,therawmaterialswouldbechargedininitiallyandthefinalproductwouldbereleasedfinallyafterreactionapproachingtotheend.b)Continuoustype:itisusuallyneedtoarrangereactorsoneafteroneandeachplaysaroleonlypartofwholedesignedjob.Thepatterncanbeseenasunitedvessels,e.g.cascade,screwandpistonflowreactor.(p174)Combinedtype:acombinationofbothbatchandcontinuousreactioninonecase.d)

Adetailedexample:seeingaddeddiskorreferencebook.e)Relatedelements

i.Vessel:differentbottoms,e.g.flat,dishedandconical(p232)

ii.Agitator:p232iii.Heatingdevice:(p232)（1）Internal:pipespiralinvesselfromtoptobottom,pipespiralatbottomofvessel,jacket.（2）Outer:pipespiralinvesselfromtoptobottomwithorwithoutjacket,onlyajacket.iv.Measuringdevicev.Others:viewhole,additivesaddingholeDiscussionproblems[1]DescribingacommoncaseforapplyingreactorbasedonyouknownfromrelatedChinesebooksandtellusthepatternofthisautoclavebeingused.[2]Forselectionofareactortocarryoutapolymerization,thetypeofagitatorisofimportance.Supposeinacaseonlyoneagitatortypecanbechosenandthefluidhoweverinhighviscosity,couldyoudesignasimplifiedmodificationplantofittherequestofpolymerization?次数：4，上课周次：第（3）周，第（1）次，上课时数：（2）学时教学内容Chapter3.Fiberformationrelatedequipmentandmachine2.MeltspinningmachineandrelateddevicesChipgatevalve教学目的和要求TounderstandthesecontentsbasedonEnglish.教学的重点和难点Tolinkstudentstodetailedcaseisnoteasily教学手段说明Internetavailable参考资料ToseeChinese-basedbooks布置作业Insituworktobearrangedwithsolution备注Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents,andthetotaltimetobeabout0.5h.教学过程：2.

Meltspinningmachineandrelateddevices(p276)Insecondfloor:chipcharginginahopper→throughchipgatevalve→chipgotoextruder(withincreasedtemperature)→meltedpolymerthroughafilter→spinningpump→spinnerets→airquenchchamber→spinfinishapplicationinquench→floorinterconnectiontube→tonextarrangedonthefirstfloor;Infirstfloor:→turningofthefilament→windersfortextile,technicalorcarpetyearwith2-8spinpackageseach→revolverwinderOrinfirstfloor:→godets(hotorcold)withidlerrollerorgodetduo→BCFtexturingaggregate→BCFcoolingdrum→filamentpre-tensioning→revolverDiscussionproblemCouldyouplanameltfiberspinningprocessonlyinonefloor?Yes,try!No,why?(1)Chipgatevalve(p282)A.

Theroleofchipgatevalveistocontroltheflowrateforchipfromhoppergoingtonextlinkedmachine.B.Thegatevalveisstructuredbyaframepositionedontheinsideoftwosolidplatesandthespindle(shaft)sealedpressureandvacuumprooftowardstheoutside.However,bothpressureandvacuumareunableproofindetailedcase.C.Thethicknessofgateisusuallyofabout2-3mm,andcontrolledbyhydraulicpressure.D.

Inadditiontogatevalve,ballvalveisbroadlyusedcurrently.However,thisvalvehasaproblemindeadspace.次数：5，上课周次：第（3）周，第（2）次，上课时数：（2）学时教学内容Chapter3.Fiberformationrelatedequipmentandmachine2.Meltspinningmachineandrelateddevices(2)Spinextruder(3)Spinningheadsandbeams(4)Spinningpump(5)Spinningfinishpump(6)Dischargepumpandin-linepump(7)Filter(8)Spinpacks教学目的和要求TounderstandthesecontentsbasedonEnglish.教学的重点和难点Tolinkstudentstodetailedcaseisnoteasily教学手段说明Internetavailable参考资料ToseeChinese-basedbooks布置作业Insituworktobearrangedwithsolution备注Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents,andthetotaltimetobeabout0.5h.教学过程：(2)Spinextruder(pp283-284)A.Types:SinglescrewextruderDoublescrewsextruderB.Typicalscrewextruder(p283,Fig.4.67)ScrewanddrivensystemC.Screwdescription(p284,Fig.4.68)Differentzones:feeding,transporting,compressing,meteringandmixingD.Theratiooflengthtodiameter,L/D,isanimportantparameterforunderstandingofscrewextruderduetoitinrelationtodetailedpolymerprocessdirectly.(p286,Fig.4.69tabled)E.Zonelengthisanotherimportantparameterforscrewextruder(p289,Table4.18)DiscussionproblemPleasedoacomparisonofsingleanddoublescrewextruder.(3)Spinningheadsandbeams(p294)A.RoleofspinningheadMeltinganddosingpolymerfluiddistributiontospinnerets.B.Types:DiscussionproblemAccordingtop297showedFig.4.84,whichconfigurationtobethebestforarrangementofspinningbeams?(4)Spinningpump(p312)Function:dosingofpolymerfluidTypes:gearandpistonGeneralparametersusedfordescribingspinningpump(p317,Table4.23)volume/revolution,basearea,weightMaterialsrecommendedforproducingspinningpump(p314,Table4.22)DiscussionproblemIntheuseofspinningpump,whypeoplehavetotakecareenough.Pleasegivethereasonbasedonbook.(5)Spinningfinishpump(p314)FunctionApplicationplaceDifferencecomparingtospinningpump(6)Dischargepumpandin-linepump(p315)A.Insomecases,itcanbeusedtoreplacetraditionalscrewextruderB.In-linepump:Apipelinkedpump.DiscussionproblemTokeepaspinningpumpworkingasexpectedinnormal,whichjobhavetobedoneandthisleadstodoanarrangementofwhichinregular?(7)Filter(p323)Differenttypes(p323,Fig.4.122andTablefollowed)DiscussionproblemWhyahighloadfiltrationisusuallyrecommendedbypeople?(8)Spinpacks(p335)A.thespinpackincludingameltdistributionfilter,distributionplate,spinneret.B.Twoloadingtype(i)Toploading,insertingfromtop(ii)Bottomloading,insertingfrombottom(iii)Insertingaspinpackisusuallytoemployassistanttoolasp335indicatedC.Thepackhousecanberoundorrectangle,butitmustbedesignedasapressureusedtofiteitherhighpressureontemp.DiscussionproblemWhichisusuallyappliedtoinsertingaspinpack?次数：6，上课周次：第（4）周，第（1）次，上课时数：（2）学时教学内容Chapter3.Fiberformationrelatedequipmentandmachine2.Meltspinningmachineandrelateddevices(9)Quenchcabinets(10)Spinfinishapplicationsystems(11)Spinningtake-upmachines教学目的和要求TounderstandthesecontentsbasedonEnglish.教学的重点和难点Tolinkstudentstodetailedcaseisnoteasily教学手段说明Internetavailable参考资料ToseeChinese-basedbooks布置作业Insituworktobearrangedwithsolution备注Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents,andthetotaltimetobeabout0.5h.教学过程：(9)Quenchcabinets(p346)A.QuenchdescriptioninP346Fig4.164BVariousquenchchambertypeP348,Fig4.165DiscussionproblemAlongquenchisusuallyforwhichkindoffiber?Accordingtothisfigure(P348)presenteddifferentquenchchambertypes,pleasepointoutonewhohasthepossibilityforsupplyafastairflowvelocity?C.Relationshipbetweenthedistanceofspinneret&quenchP349Fig4.167D.PreferredquenchP350DesignedbyapplyingLaminartoreplaceturbulentE.Nowquenchchamberforhighspeedspinning(6000~12000m/min)DiscussionPleasedoacomparisonofthedifferenceamongthecommon,preferredandnewdevelopedquenchchambersbasedonthisbook.F.QuenchchamberaccessionP359(10)Spinfinishapplicationsystems(p367)A)spinfinishA10~25%solutiononemulsionindistilledwater.Theconcentrationofspinfinishforfilamentisthinandforstableisthick.TherearefivedifferentmethodsofapplyingfinishascanbeseeninP367.DiscussionproblemWhyaspinningprocessisusuallyinsertedwithaspinfinishstep?BThesoilspinfinishP368Itistheoldesttypeofspinfinish,butstillbeappliedespeciallytowatertownforspeedbelow1800m/minC.TherollspinfinishP368inaddictiontoroll(abovementioned)isonlyinshape.D.SprayspinfinishP368Thefinishissprayonarunningtowbyautomatingjets.E.DippingbathasspinfinishP369Thefinishisplacedinapanonthewayoffibergoing.Usually,thefiberisdippedinafinishbathloadedbyrunningcalendarrolls.F.spinwithmeteringfunctionfinishP369Thespinfinishprocessisonlyforapplicationofthegearspinfinishpump.Ingeneral,thespinfinishhasadvantagesinspinningquantitatively.DiscussionproblemOfthosedifferentspinfinishtypes,whichonehasbeenconsideredtohavethedoingfinishpossibility?(11)Spinningtake-upmachines(p372)A.Asabovethefigoftake-upmachineP374.Fig4.1972Ⅰ.Theearliesttake-upmachineequippedwithlongfrictiondriverolls,whichwasuseduntilabove1963.Thetake-upspeedforthetypeislessthan1500m/min.Ⅱ.Thesecondgenerationoftake-upmachinehasindividuallydrivenfinishwindedwithspeedof8000m/minsince1963.Ⅲ.Amodifiedsecondgenerationbyturnedtheyarnplanethrough90ousingmutuallyperpendiculargodets.(1972~1984)Ⅳ.AnothermodifiedsecondgenerationwiththeaspectoftensioncontrolledprecisionYTthetake-upmachinespeedtobelessthan3200m/min.Ⅴ.POYtake-upmachinesingledeckwinderdouble*Themachineforthiskindoftake-upmachineiswithoutgodets.Ⅵ.Spindrawtake-upmachinewithzoneheatedgodets&air-teachingseparationrollwithorwithoutfollowinghighspeedwinder.*Foronewithoutthehighspeedwinders,whichcanbeconvertedtoforPOT.(P375.Fig.4.197)Ⅶ.Atake-upmachineforwiththeaspectofmulti-stagedrawingmulti-ends/positions.Ⅷ.Atake-upmachineforcasketyour(BCF)4endswitharevolvedwinders.Ⅸ.Themulti-stovetake-upmachinesA.YarnInletgoneinvolveP378inletyourguide,yarnguideofteninandforoutYarnaspiration,interminglingjetYarncutter,yarnsensorYarnoils(ifnotinquenchcabinet)B.Rolls,godets&drawrollintake-upmachineIngeneral,theycanbedistinguishedbytheirdiameter.Ⅸ.Themulti-stovetake-upmachines<=400<=400200~1000drawroll<=800075~300godet<=1200<=600012~60separatorrollSpeed(m/min)Dia(mm)C.Constructionsforgodet(P382)SeeFig4.200次数：7，上课周次：第（5）周，第（1）次，上课时数：（2）学时教学内容Chapter3.Fiberformationrelatedequipmentandmachine3.Wetspinningmachineandrelatedcomponents教学目的和要求TounderstandthesecontentsbasedonEnglish.教学的重点和难点Tolinkstudentstodetailedcaseisnoteasily教学手段说明Internetavailable参考资料ToseeChinese-basedbooks布置作业Insituworktobearrangedwithsolution备注Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents,andthetotaltimetobeabout0.5h.教学过程：Aviewofvideoonwetspinningandmeltspinningmachinetobeshowedinthislecture,andaninsitustudyofthewetspinningmachineespeciallyrelatedcomponentswouldbeexplained.次数：8-11，上课周次：第（5）周，第（2）次，上课时数：（共8）学时教学内容Visitspinningprocessandrelatedmachines教学目的和要求ToenhanceunderstandingoffiberspinningprocessindetailandexpectedtouseEnglish教学的重点和难点KeyisunderstandingtheprocessandrelatedmachineespeciallythedetailedcomponentslocatedplaceandroleplayedinEnglish教学手段说明Toenhancetheunderstandingoftextbookdescribedwordsinrelationtodetailedmachineandcomponentsbyseeingthemexactly参考资料No布置作业No备注No教学过程：Aonedayvisitingprogramisdesignedtoseetwospinningprocesses,e.g.themeltingandthewetrelatedmethods,respectively,locatedatthecampsofDHUinYan-AnRd.Ofthevisitingprocess,alocalinsituexplanationwouldbeavailableforstudenttounderstandthesetwospinningprocesseswithdetailedandshouldbeinrelationtothebookintroductiontoenhancetheimpressoftheseprocessesandrelatedmachines.Asexpected,atthespinningprocessthattherelatedpolymershouldbetakenasaselectionandthemethodandrelatedmachineinrelatingtodetailedcomponentsshouldbeknowngenerallywithEnglishwords.次数：12，上课周次：第（8）周，第（1）次，上课时数：（2）学时教学内容Chapter4.Differentpolymersandrelatedfiberformationprocess1.Polyamideethylene,PE2.Polypropylene,PP3.Polyacrylonitrile，PAN4.Polyvinylchloride,PVC教学目的和要求Aim:toknowdifferentpolymershavedifferentspinningmethods,Request:selectionofaspinningmethodforonepolymeravailable教学的重点和难点Keypoint：withoutsupportedpracticecasescorrespondinglytothislecture教学手段说明Internetavailable参考资料Chinese-basedbookavailable布置作业No备注Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents,andthetotaltimetobeabout0.5h.教学过程：3.3polymerfiber&relatedmachine,spanningtechnology(1)Polyamideethylene(PE)Tm=107~138ºCTg=-100ºCHDPELLDPELDPEA.Meltingspinning1965inUSA LikePPincludingdyingconditionB.Extruder:L/D⋍25~30compressionratio1:4smallscrew1:2.5bigscrewD⋍300mm*Thebestscrewshouldbe3zoneC.FiltrationisrecommendD.tempforextruderofLLDPE135~145ºCHDPE170~190ºCE.LOY:OKPOY:notusedyetF.CompactspinningstablePEfiberG.DrawingratioforLLDPE1:4.5~1:7.5dependingonH.PEfilamenthasbeenregardedasthesoftestcomparingtootherse.g.stablePEorallofotherpolymericfibers.(2)Polypropylene（PP）P951958年Tm=169ºCTg=+5ºConlyisotacticPPcanbespunintofiber.A. Fig.2.67P96立构规整嵌段，定向嵌段立构规整嵌段，定向嵌段Stereoblock间同，反式立构，间规syndiotactic全通，等规isotactic无规atactictypeofPPdifferentratioB.Catalyst&PPtypeP96Metellocenecatalysts→atactic(CP2TiCl2/MAO)Cp2Ti(C6H5)MAO→isotacticC.log[]=A+BlogMFID.DegradationduringprocessingHighsheeringforceinmeltcause~inthemolecularchainImpuritiesleadphoto~E.MeltspinningofPPFiber(filament)(i)ThephenomenonofDieswellFig2.712.72Table2.17Viscosity~temp~DieswellTDieswellQDieswellDieswelldo(diameterofspinneret)Dieswell(ii)crystallinityofPPfilamenta.startsinceairquenchb.increasedwellingtake-upc.dependonmolecularweight&melthistoryd.increaseproportionaltotake-uptensionE.MeltspinningofPPFiber(filament)(iii)orientationa.startsincespinneretinminorb.increasedwiththeincreaseofcrystallizationc.i.e.afterthespinneretabout60cmd.[h]increase-inducedtheincreaseoftheorientatione.vincrease-inducedtheincreaseoftheorientationf.Qincrease-inducedtheincreaseoftheorientationg.tempincrease-inducedtheincreaseoftheorientationE.MeltspinningofPPFiber(filament)（iv）stereoregularityVscrystallizationDegreeofcrystallization,TcF.AftertreatmentofPolypropyleneTableP104Thatisarequirementofunderstandingtherelationshipamongthespinningmethods,finalfilamentsize,shrinkage,spinneretandtake-upspeed.G.QuenchforPP(P106Fig2.82)ThedistancebetweenthespinneretshouldbeconsideredbasedontheFig.2.82inpage106H.UpwardsspinningforPP1974EnglandI.electrostaticspinningofPPJ.OtherspinningmethodsavailableforPP(i)bicomponentspinning(ii)compactspinning(iii)spunbondspinning(iv)blowfiberspinningK.Toheattheextruderconnectinghead,thedistributionpipetoeachspinningpositionisrequired&recommendedTake-upspeedforPOY-PPP106Tab2.19P107M.HightenacityPPMv≽150,000narrowdistributionCvofyarn≼790Tscrew=230ºCTspinhead=235ºCTspinneret=285ºCTspinend=285ºCTshrowd=160~240ºDrawratio1:8~1:10Take-upspeedinwaterbath50~100m/minairquench600~700m/minchip[η]=2.5~3tenacity8.8~11g/dtexN.SeepictureofFig2.86~2.87P109FormoldinghightenacityPPO.PPproportionofthedrawratiohowtoinfluencethePPFiberbasedonlecturenote(P108)次数：13，上课周次：第（9）周，第（1）次，上课时数：（2）学时教学内容Chapter4.Differentpolymersandrelatedfiberformationprocess5.Polyamide,PA6.Polyester,PET7.Polyurethanes,PU教学目的和要求Aim:toknowdifferentpolymershavedifferentspinningmethods,Request:selectionofaspinningmethodforonepolymeravailable教学的重点和难点Keypoint:withoutsupportedpracticecasescorrespondinglytothislecture教学手段说明Internetavailable参考资料Chinese-basedbookavailable布置作业No备注Insituproblemsolutiontobedoneforallstudents,andthetotaltimetobeabout0.5h.教学过程：(5)Polyamide(PA)A.OnlyPA6&PA66canbelargelyproduced.B.ThenumberusedinherepresentcarbonnumberC.CnumberTmforPAD.PA6H2N-[-HN-(-CH2)5-CO-]n-COOHspinablePA6withn=130~250P37E.DP=124<hrel-1>(forPA6)P40DP=100<hrel-1>F.PolymerizationofPAneedsalactamrecyclingunitforeconomicreasons.P44G.AdescriptionofPA6polymerizationcanbeseeninP47Fig.2.17PolycondensationforbothPA6,PA66P58H.seeVK-tubeP48Fig.2.18I.spinningofPA6TmdependedonfinalproductTAb2.6Spinnerettake-upspeedincreasedwiththereduceofairquenchcoolinglengthforLOY,butontheconstantlyforPOY.P55Tab2.74.Polyvinylchloride(PVC)However,theindividualflamedtiteristhemainfactorforabovementionedtake-upspeed.P56SpinningconditionforPA6withvariousapplicationcanbeseen.P57J.SpinningofPA66P60(6)Polyester(PES,PET)P67A.SpinningofPETfiberofchipwithmoisturesmallthan0.004%(P8)B.Transesterification(a)IndirectwayDHTandTPAmixedwithEG(b)DirectP70byaddingglycoterephthalateC.DifferentbetweenPETandPBT(a)PET(b)PBTTheTg=40°CforPBT,thatissmal