湖北省武汉市高中毕业生三月调研考试英语试卷

武汉市届高中毕业生三月调研考试英语试卷本试题卷共页，题。全卷满分分。考试用时分钟。★祝考试顺利★注意事项：答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码在答题卡上的指定位置。试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。选择题部分第一部分听力共两节，满分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节共5小题每小题分，满分分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydothisweekend?A.Sitanexam.B.ahike.C.Haveaswim.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Theexamweekfinallyends.M:I’veplannedawalkinthewoodsfortheweekend,andamtakingaboattripdowntheriveriftheweatherisfine.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthemanwanttogotothelibrary?A.avoidthenoise.B.meetafriend.C.renewsomebooks.第1页/共28页

【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tfocusatall.Thenewroommateisdrillingagain.W:Ithinktheyareredecoratingthewholeroom.M:Ican’tstanditanymoreandgointothelibrary.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Fixingthedrawer.B.Preparingthedinner.C.Organizingthekitchen.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Thisdrawerisoverflowingagain!Ican’tevencloseit.M:reallyshouldputthingswheretheybelongaftercooking.W:Maybewecansortoutthebottlesandplates.M:Sure.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomancareaboutmostwhenchoosingaflight?A.Departuretime.B.price.C.Inflightservice.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IjustboughtatickettoNewCity.M:Goodforyou.Whenareyouleaving?W:Nextweek,I’mtakingtheRedEye,whichcostsmuchless.HopefullyI’llbeabletosleepontheplane.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomandoing?A.Seekingfitnessadvice.B.Promotingaproduct.C.Collectingsalesdata.【答案】B第2页/共28页

【解析】【原文】W:Checkoutourlatestarrivals.Everytechenthusiastneedsasmartwatchintheircollection.M:Anyremendations?W:TheonewiththefitnesstrackerandGPSsellsbestthisyear.youliketotryiton?第二节共小题每小题分，满分分)听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。6.Whydoesthewomanhavetogotothepolicestation?A.paytheticket.B.reportanaccident.C.presentherlicense.7.Atwhatspeedwasthemandriving?A.70km/h.B.75km/h.C.90km/h.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,mayIseeyourlicense?W:I’mafraidI’veleftitathome.M:Inthatcase,you’llhavetotakeittothepolicestationwithinfivedays.W:Butwhy?M:werespeeding,madam.W:ButIwasonlydoing75!M:There’sa70kilometersperhourspeedlimitonthisroad,Madam.W:Isthere?Ididn’tseeasign.M:madam.beenfollowingyou.W:Soyouweredoing75too.M:No,madam.weredoing90kilometersperhour,orwecouldn’tcatchyou.第3页/共28页

8.Whoisgettingmarried?A.B.Emma.C.Steven.9.Whydoesthemantakethetrain?A.haveafamilygathering.B.planananniversary.C.attendawedding.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Acouple.C.Fatheranddaughter.【答案】8.B9.A10.A【解析】【原文】M:Ididn’toseeyou.Whatareyoudoinghere?W:Steven,Idon’tbelieveit.I’monmywaytoseemydaughter,Emma.She’sgettingmarriedthisweekend.Howaboutyou?M:I’mheadingtomyparents’home.Ihaven’tseenthemformonths.Mysisterandbrotherwillalsogothere.Whenisyourdaughter’swedding,exactly?W:Sunday.areallexcited.M:ThisSundayisalsothe45thanniversaryofmyparents’wedding.Whatacoincidence!Anyway,mytrainleavesfromplatformthree.Justoverthere.Oh,that’sitarriving.Ihavetorun.Sorry,wedon’tgetmoretimetotalk.W:Noworries.Haveawonderfultripandextendmycongratulationstoyourparents.Whydoesthemanwantanewphone?A.Hiscolleaguespersuadehim.B.Hisoldphoneembarrasseshim.C.Hiscreditcardadiscount.12.WhathappenedtoSally?A.Sheowedmuchmoney.第4页/共28页

B.Shelostherjoblastyear.C.Shehadherphonestolen.13.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Hestickstohisplan.B.Hechangeshismind.C.HefeelssorryforSally.【答案】B12.A13.B【解析】【原文】M:Iamgoingtobuyanewphonetoday.W:Didn’tyoubuyanewonejusttwomonthsago?M:That’sright,andIknowwhatyou’regoingtosay.thinkingIshouldn’treplacemyphonesosoon.W:Actually,Iwaswonderinghowyoucouldpossiblyanewphone.Butnowthatyoumentionit,Idothinkgettinganotheronesosooniswasteful.M:Maybeyou’reright,butthethingiseveryoneatthehasanice,expensivephone,andIfeelalittleoutofplace.Ijustgotacreditcard,soIthoughtImightaswellbuyanewone.W:Idon’tthinkbuyingaphoneoncreditisagoodidea.Mycolleague,Sally,boughtalotofthingsoncreditduringherfirstyearofworkandaccumulatedalotofdebts.M:youmakeapoint.Idon’twanttoendupindebtlikeher.14.Whatisthewoman?A.Aprogramadvisor.B.Amunityvolunteer.C.Acollegeapplicant.15.Whydoesthemandropthelibraryprogram?A.Hehatesreadingevents.B.Hedoubtshispetence.C.Hehasexperienceditbefore.第5页/共28页

16.Whatcanweknowabouttheenvironmentalproject?A.Itinvolveshandsonwork.B.Ithaslowentryrequirements.C.Ithighlightsleadershiptraining.17.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodointheend?A.Perfecthispaper.B.Considerhisschoolwork.C.Clarifyhispriorities.【答案】14.C15.C16.A17.C【解析】【原文】W:Mike,didyoufinalizeyoursummerplans?Iheardthecitylibraryislookingforvolunteersagain.I’mconsideringapplyingforit.M:I’vethoughtaboutit,butI’mstillweighingmyoptions.Doyourememberouradvisorsuggestedweparticipateinsomethingimpactdriven,ifwewantourcollegeapplicationstostandout?W:Shedidsaythat,butyouknow,thelibraryprogramisinlowimpact.helporganizemunityreadingevents,andtheygettoworkwithyoungerstudents.M:Butitwillbemythirdyeardoingit.I’mworrieditwon’tshowmuchgrowth.W:Thenwhynottrytheenvironmentalprojecttheschoolannounced.It’smoredemanding,butitmightdemonstrateleadershipandinitiative.M:That’sthething.I’mnotsureIcanmit.Theprojectrequiresweekendfieldworkoutsidethecity.W:ifyouspreadyourselftoothin,youwillendupburningout.Maybeconsiderwhatyouactuallycareaboutinsteadofwhatlooksimpressiveonpaper.M:areright.Ineedtorethinkwhatmatterstome.18.WhatcanweknowaboutAda?A.Shereceiveslittleeducation.B.SheisaprofessionalITengineer.C.SheteacheslocallanguagesinMali.第6页/共28页

19.WhatmakesLenalidifferentfromotherapps?A.Ithelpsusersthroughvisualguides.B.Itpolishesprofilesforusers.C.Itsavesusersfromtyping.20.WhatisSidibe’sexpectationforLenali?A.bridgedigitaldivideformore.B.reach200,000usersinayear.C.teachmoretraderstoreadandwrite.【答案】18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】InMali,manytraderslikeAdaarefindingnewwaystodobusiness.TheyareusingauniqueappcalledLenali,developedbyCityBay,anITengineerfromMali.Theappisspecificallydesignedforpeoplewhocannotreadorwrite.Unlikeothersocialmedia,LenalivoiceguidesinlocallanguageslikeBambaraandSonic.Userscansetupprofiles,publishpostsandmentonothers’goodsbyrecordingtheirvoicesinsteadoftyping.ForAda,thismeansshecaneasilysendherstore’slocationandphotosofhergoodstoattractcustomers.Inacountrywhereonly1/3ofthepopulationhasreceivededucation,Lenaliprovidesavitalbridge.Sinceitslaunchin2017theapphasgainedover73,000users.CityBayexpectsthebusinesstobeeprofitableonceitreaches200,000users,continuingtohelpthosewhowerepreviouslyleftbehindbythedigitalage.第二部分阅读共两节，满分分)第一节共小题每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A&totheauthenticflavorofLosAngeles!Ourexperiencemixesthecity’slivelyculinary(美食的)scenewithhandsonmobilephotographyinstruction.Forgetthetouristtraps;wewillguideyouthroughthehistoricGrandCentralMarketandthehiddentreasuresoftheArtsDistrict.notonlytaste68ofLA’sbeststreeteatsbutalsolearnhowtocapturetheperfect,professionalqualityfoodandurbanlandscapephotosusingjustyoursmartphone.ThisisthemostdeliciousandvisuallyrewardingwaytoexploretherealLA.&第7页/共28页

PriceperPackageNameDurationKeyInclusionsPersonStandard2.5hours$856tastings,PhotographyBasicGuide8tastings,AdvancedPhotoEditingGourmetLens3.5hoursInstruction,FreedrinksUpto6guests,CustomizedrouteandstartPrivateGroup4hours$450time&DateMeetingLocationStatusAM—1:30AngelsFlightSat,Mar8SOLDOUTPMEntranceAM—2:00AngelsFlightSun,Mar9PMEntranceGrandCentralSat,Mar151:00PM—4:30PMMarketGrandCentralSun,Mar161:30PM—5:30PMMarket&●mustbringafullychargedsmartphonewithsufficientstoragespaceforphotos.(三脚架)andprofessionalcamerasarediscouragedastheyslowdownthegroup.●Thetourinvolvesapproximately2milesofwalking.Pleasewearfortableshoesanddressfortheweather.●canacmodatevegetarianandnutfreedietsifreportedatleast24hoursinadvance.●Participantsmustbe12yearsorolder.Allparticipantsunder18mustbeacpaniedbyapayingadult.21.Whatcanpeopledoduringthetour?A.populartouristsites.第8页/共28页

B.Cookstylishstreetfoods.C.Identifymontouristtraps.D.Shootappealingfoodphotos.22.Whichdatesuitstouristswhowantfreedrinks?A.March8th.B.March9th.C.March15th.D.March16th.23.Whatisasuggestionfortheparticipants?A.Preparingaportablecharger.B.Bringingprofessionalcameras.C.Purchasingoutdoorequipment.D.Statingdietaryneeds.【答案】21.D22.C23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了洛杉矶街头美食与摄影之旅的相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“notonlytaste68ofLA’sbeststreeteatsbutalsolearnhowtocapturetheperfect,professionalqualityfoodandurbanlandscapephotosusingjustyoursmartphone.(你不仅可以品尝到洛杉矶68种最好的街头美食，还可以学习如何仅用智能手机拍摄出完美、专业的食物和城市景观照片。)”可知，在旅行中人们可以拍摄吸引人的食物照片。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据ExperiencePackages&Pricing部分的“GourmetLens”这一行的“Freedrinks(免费饮料)”和“3.5hoursGourmetLens3.5Dates&MeetingPoint部分的Sat,Mar15这一行的“1:00PM—4:30PM3.5小时的GourmetLens套餐才有免费饮料，对应3月15日，因此3月15日适合想要免费饮料的游客。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据WhattoBring&KnowBeforeGo部分中的“canacmodatevegetarianandnutfreedietsifreportedatleast24hoursinadvance.(如果提前至少24小时报告，我们可以满足素食者和无坚果饮食的需求。)”可知，建议参与者说明饮食需求。故选D。BSevenchildrenlineup,awaitingtheirturnonaslide.Aseachchildrushesdown,theonesbehindlaughand第9页/共28页

cheer.SuchsceneisrareinLagos,oneofAfrica’sfastestgrowingcities,withapopulationofabout17million.Butonthecity’soutskirts,agarbagesiteturnedparkisprovidingroomforkidstoplay.Theprojectisthebrainchildof17yearoldAmaraNwuneli,whowantstoprovethateveninLagos’mostcrowdedcorners,childrencanhavefun.ForAmara,thepathtobuildingparksbeganwhenaterriblefloodstruckherhometownin2020.Heavyrainsswallowedentireneighborhoods,leavingthousandsoffamilieshomeless.“Peoplejustsaiditwasgovernmentfailureorbadluck.”Amararecalls.But,later,sherealizeditwaswhatwascalledNigeria’s“climateapathy”:thetendencytoviewfloods,heatwaves,anddroughtsasisolated(孤立的)incidentsratherthanconsequencesofawarmingplanet.“Iwantedtochangethemindset,”Amarasays.“Ifpeopledon’tfeelconnectedtonature,theywon’tfighttoprotectit.AndIknewthathadtostartwithcreatingspacespeoplecouldactuallyseeandfeel.”Itwasnoeasytask.AmarafirstapproachedtheLagosStateGovernment,whichlandbutimposed(施加)restrictionsthatmadelongtermconstructionimpossible.Aftermonthsofdeadends,sheshiftedstrategyandstartedlookingforalternativespacesthatwereaccessibletohighriskmunities.Eventually,Amarasecuredagarbagesite.Shethenmobilizedateamofartists,volunteers,andsmalldonorstoclearthetrashandrebuildthesitewithrecycledmaterials.Threemonthslater,theparkopened.Amaraisnowplanningtwomoreparks.Shesaysmunitiesfromacrossthecountryhavebeenreachingouttoherteamforadviceonhowtoreclaimabandonedspacesforpublicuse.“Thatcreatesakindofcycle,”Amarareflects.“Itakeaction,othersnotice,theywanttotakeaction,too.Andtogether,itgrows.”24.WhatmightbeaproblemLagosisfacing?A.Insufficientpublicareas.B.Poorgarbagemanagement.C.Limitedrecreationalactivities.D.Uncontrolledpopulationgrowth.25.WhatmadeAmaradeterminedtobuildparks?A.Lossesfromnaturaldisasters.B.People’signoranceofclimatechange.C.Disappointmentingovernmentfailure.D.Nigeria’sinadequacyinpubliceducation.26.WhatqualitydoesAmarademonstratewhenpletingtheproject?A.Integrity.B.Optimism.第10页/共28页

C.Flexibility.D.Confidence.27.WhatdoesAmarawanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Smallstepsmakeabigdifference.B.Everycloudhasasilverlining.C.AllroadsleadtoRome.D.Itisnevertoolatetoact.【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.A【解析】17岁的阿玛拉·努威利在尼日利亚拉各斯将垃圾场改造成公园，以此改变人们对气候和自然的冷漠态度，并带动更多人行动起来的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“SuchsceneisrareinLagos,oneofAfrica’sfastestgrowingcities,withapopulationofabout17million.Butonthecity’soutskirts,agarbagesiteturnedparkisprovidingroomforkidstoplay.(这样的场景在拉各斯十分罕见，这座非洲增长最快的城市约有1700万人口。但在城市郊区，一个由垃圾场改造而成的公园为孩子们提供了玩耍的空间。)”可知，拉各斯面临的问题是公共活动区域不足。故选A。【25题详解】But,later,sherealizeditwaswhatwascalledNigeria’s‘climateapathy’:thetendencytoviewfloods,heatwaves,anddroughtsasisolatedincidentsratherthanconsequencesofawarmingplanet.(但是，后来，她意识到这就是所谓的尼日利亚‘气候冷漠’：将洪水、热浪和干旱看作孤立事件，而不是地球变暖的后果。)”以及第三段“Iwantedtochangethemindset.(我想要改变这种心态。)”可知，是人们对气候变化的无知和漠视让阿玛拉决心建造公园。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“AmarafirstapproachedtheLagosStateGovernment,whichlandbutimposedrestrictionsthatmadelongtermconstructionimpossible.Aftermonthsofdeadends,sheshiftedstrategyandstartedlookingforalternativespacesthatwereaccessibletohighriskmunities.Eventually,Amarasecuredagarbagesite.(期建设变得不可能。经过数月的无果努力后，她改变了策略，开始寻找那些对高风险社区来说易于到达的替代场地。最终，阿玛拉找到了一个垃圾处理场。)”可知，她在遇到困难时及时调整策略，体现出灵活变通的品质。故选C。【27题详解】第11页/共28页

推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Itakeaction,othersnotice,theywanttotakeaction,too.Andtogether,itgrows.’()小的行动也能带来巨大改变。故选A。CHaveyoueverobeyedthesuggestionsofadigitalwritingassistanttoreplaceawordorrestructureasentence?Beforetheappearanceofdigitaltools,you’dprobablyhaveturnedtoadictionaryforthesameassistance.DictionariesenableustowritenotwithfailsafeconveniencebutwithoriginalityandapointofWhileAIassistantsproducephrasesandstatementssowritersdon’thavetothinkthemup,dictionariesprovideuswiththeknowledgetouselanguageourselvesinexpressiveandpotentiallyinfinite(无穷的)ways.Theyplacechoiceandauthorityliterallyinhumanhands,forcingustodiscoverhowwewanttoexplainourselvesandourideastotheworld.Theabundanceofdigitalwritingassistantsgivesgreaterurgencytodebatesaboutwhatadictionaryshouldbe.In1946,GeorgeOrwelldescribedgoodwritingas“pickingoutwordsforthesakeoftheirmeaning,”apracticethatdictionariesfacilitatewhiledigitalwritingprogramsstifle.consultingadictionarymakeachoice,whilewritersguidedbyanapphavetheirchoicesmadeforthem.Thedigitalnativeapproachdelivershandsoff,derivative(衍生的)munication.Theotherrequiresleafingthroughpageswithoutknowingexactlywhereyou’llendup.dictionariestoprovideuswithaguidetoEnglish’spotential,writingthatwayisnearlyimpossible.Ourabilitytoexpressourselvesiscritical—ithelpsusdefinewhoweare.Dictionariesaidusinachievingthis:Theycategorizeouruniquewaysofthinkingthroughlanguage.I’maCanadian;myfeelingofprideinmynativelandisenhancedbysmallverbalCanadianismslike“eavestrough”or“serviette”,whicharewelldocumentedindictionariesbutrarelyusedbyAIchatbots,forthemostpart.Asdigitalwritingextendsdeeperintoourlivesandminds,weneeddictionariesmorethanever.Abandoningdictionariesandembracingmechanizedwritingwouldweakenourcapacityforcollectiveidentityquiteasmuchastheabilitytoexpressourselves.28.Whatmightbeadistinctfeatureofdictionariesaccordingtotheauthor?A.Theypromisefailsafephrases.B.Theypossessacademicauthority.C.Theyfacilitatecreativewriting.D.Theyprovidereadymadeexpressions.第12页/共28页

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stifle”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Favor.B.Revise.C.Observe.D.Discourage.30.Whydoestheauthormention“eavestrough”and“serviette”inparagraph4?A.showhowAIaidsusinexpressing.B.indicatetheweaknessofdictionaries.C.celebratethediversityofCanadianEnglish.D.illustratehowlanguageuseidentity.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefor?A.WhyKeepDictionary?B.HowtoDealwithDigitalC.WhoUsesAssistants?DWhatfromDictionaries?【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过对比数字写作助手和字典指出，在数字写作普及的当下，字典对保留写作原创性、塑造身份认同有不可替代的作用，最后点明我们比以往更需要字典。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dictionariesenableustowritenotwithfailsafeconveniencebutwithoriginalityandapointof词典让我们写作时并非依靠万无一失的便捷，而是能够展现独特性和观点)能帮助我们写出有原创性的内容。故选C。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前“apracticethatdictionariesfacilitate(字典促进这种做法)”和“while”表示的对stifle和facilitatediscourage故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。第四段开头“Ourabilitytoexpressourselvesiscritical—ithelpsusdefinewhoweare.Dictionariesaidusinachievingthis:Theycategorizeouruniquewaysofthinkingthroughlanguage.(我们表达自我的能力至关重要——它帮助我们定义自己是谁。词典有助于我们实现这一目标：它们通过语言将我们独第13页/共28页

特的思维方式进行分类)”点明观点：表达自我的能力帮助我们定义自身身份，字典能帮我们保留独有的语言表达。下文“I’maCanadian;myfeelingofprideinmynativelandisenhancedbysmallverbalCanadianismslike“eavestrough”or“serviette”,whicharewelldocumentedindictionariesbutrarelyusedbyAIchatbots,forthemostpart.(我是加拿大人；我对祖国的自豪感因一些小小的加拿大式词汇而得到增强，比如“檐沟”或“餐巾纸”，这些词汇在词典中有详细记载，但在大多数情况下，人工智能聊天机器人很少使用它们)”作者举这两个加拿大特有的词汇，是为了说明：这类特有语言能增强本土身份认同感，即语言使用会影响个人/群体身份。故选D。【31题详解】Asdigitalwritingextendsdeeperintoourlivesandminds,weneeddictionariesmorethanever.Abandoningdictionariesandembracingmechanizedwritingwouldweakenourcapacityforcollectiveidentityquiteasmuchastheabilitytoexpressourselves.(随着数字写作深入我们的生活和思维，我们对词典的需求比以往任何时候都更加迫切。放弃词典而转向机械化写作，将同等程度地削弱我们建立集体认同的能力和表达自我的能力)”可知，全文对比数字写作助手和字典，层层论述：在数字写作普及的当下，字典对保留写作原创性、塑造身份认同有不可替代的作用，结尾点明我们比以往更需要字典。由此可知，A项“为什么要保留字典？”适合作本文标题。故选A。DSecretcodes(密码)oncethoughtimpossibletocracknowfaceachallengefromquantumputers.Luckily,toprotectinformation,physicistshavedevelopedatheoreticallyfoolproofsystemcalleddeviceindependentquantumkeydistribution(DIQKD),whichusesentangledquantumparticles(纠缠态量子粒子)tofixweakpointsinexistingmethods.Now,ateaminChinahasdemonstratedthetechniqueinrealcityconditions,anadvancethatcouldclearthewayforasecurequantuminternetinwhichtrustistakenforgranted.Mostcryptography(密码学)worksbyencryptingmessageswithasecretcodethatrequiresaspecialkeytodecode.Thechallengeliesinmakingsurethekeycan’tbedecodedwhensent.Forinstance,thekeysinonepopularencryptionschemearebasedontheprimefactorsoflargenumbers,whichtakeenormoustocrack.Butsuchcalculationscouldbequickworkforthelargequantumputers.QKDasolution,butithasaweakness:hardwaremustbeperfect.DIQKDremovestheneedfortrustinthehardware,byemployinganotherfeatureofquantummechanics—entanglement—whichcloselylinkspropertiesofwidelyseparatedquantumparticles.Ifthesenderandreceiverentangleapairofparticlesacrossthenetwork,theycaneachperformteststhatconfirmtheparticles’propertiesarestronglylinked,wellbeyondchance.Afterthis“handshake”,theycanbesurethey’retheonlyonesonthechannel.第14页/共28页

Then,othermeasurementsontheentangledparticlescanestablishakey,whichcanbesharedwithconfidencethatnobodycandecodeit.In2022,aUKbasedteammanagedtocreateandshareaDIQKDkeyforonlyabout2meters.Now,JianweiPanandhiscolleagueshaveextendedthistopracticallyusefuldistances.Aftercollectingdatafor26days,theyshowedtheyhadthestatisticstoestablishandshareakeyacrosskilometers.Theresearchersalsoshowedthatintheory—andgivenabout23yearsfordatacollection—theycouldhavesentakeyacross100kilometers.Pan’sgroupnowplanstoexplorewaystoperformDIQKDusingsatellitesinspace.32.WhatistheadvancemadebyChinesescientists?A.Theyputforwardacodingtheory.B.TheyenhancedDIQKDpracticality.C.Theysetupthequantuminternet.D.Theydiscoveredquantumentanglement.33.Theauthorexplainstheencryptionprincipleby__________.A.providingadefinitionB.makingaparisonC.givinganexampleD.citingastatement34.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Whatentanglementis.B.HowDIQKDworks.C.Whatpreventskeysharing.D.Howparticlesconnect.35.Whatisthelimitationimpliedinthelastparagraph?A.Longdatacollectiontime.B.Strictlaboratoryconditions.C.Unstableentangledparticles.D.Heavyrelianceonsatellites.【答案】32.B33.C34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统密码面临量子计算机挑战，科学家研发出DIQKD系统。中国团队在真实城市环境实现公里密钥分发，大幅提升实用性，但仍存在数据收集时间过长的局限。【32题详解】第15页/共28页

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now,ateaminChinahasdemonstratedthetechniqueinrealcityconditions,anadvancethatcouldclearthewayforasecurequantuminternetinwhichtrustistakenforgranted.(个团队在实际城市环境中展示了这一技术，这一进展可能为建立一个无需信任的可靠量子互联网铺平道路)”以及第四段中“Now,JianweiPanandhiscolleagueshaveextendedthistopracticallyusefuldistances.(建伟团队已经将这一技术扩展到了具有实际应用价值的距离范围内)”可知，中国团队在真实城市环境中验证了DIQKD技术，并将距离拓展到实际可用范围，提升了其实用性。故选B项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Forinstance,thekeysinonepopularencryptionschemearebasedontheprimefactorsoflargenumbers,whichtakeenormoustocrack.Butsuchcalculationscouldbequickworkforthelargequantumputers.QKDasolution,butithasaweakness:hardwaremustbeperfect.(例如，一种流行的加密方案中的密钥基于大数字的质因数，破解这些密钥需要耗费巨大的努力。但对大型量子计算机来说，这些计算将是轻而易举的事情。量子密钥分发（QKD）提供了解决方案，但它有一个弱点：硬件必须完美无缺)”可推知，作者通过给出例子来解释加密原理。故选C项。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“DIQKDremovestheneedfortrustinthehardware,byemployinganotherfeatureofquantummechanics—entanglement—whichcloselylinkspropertiesofwidelyseparatedquantumparticles.Ifthesenderandreceiverentangleapairofparticlesacrossthenetwork,theycaneachperformteststhatconfirmtheparticles’propertiesarestronglylinked,wellbeyondchance.Afterthis“handshake”,theycanbesurethey’retheonlyonesonthechannel.Then,othermeasurementsontheentangledparticlescanestablishakey,whichcanbesharedwithconfidencethatnobodycandecodeit.(DIQKD对硬件的信任需求。纠缠使相距很远的量子粒子的特性紧密相连。如果发送方和接收方在网络中对一对粒子进行纠缠操作，那么他们各自都可以进行测试，以证实这些粒子的特性之间存在着极强的关联，这种关联远远超出了偶然的可能性。完成这一“握手”之后，他们就能确定自己是这条通道上唯一的参与者。然后，对纠缠粒子进行的其他测量可以建立一个密钥，这个密钥可以放心地与他人分享，因为没有人能够破解它)DIQKDDIQKD的工作流程。故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Aftercollectingdatafor26days,theyshowedtheyhadthestatisticstoestablishandshareakeyacrosskilometers.Theresearchersalsoshowedthatintheory—andgivenabout23yearsfordatacollection—theycouldhavesentakeyacross100kilometers.(经过26第16页/共28页

拥有足够的统计数据来建立并分享跨越公里的密钥。研究人员还表明，在理论上——并且假设数据收集需要约23年的时间——他们能够将密钥发送到100公里之外)选A项。第二节共5小题每小题分，满分分)Aboutayearago,ourdishwasherbrokedown.calledarepairmanandweretolditwouldhavetobereplaced.____36____Somymotheraskedmetowashdishesbyhandafterdinner.understandwhythisupsetmesomuch,youneedtoknowwhatmylifewaslikeasauniversitysenior.____37____Homeworkassignments,projectsandtestspetedformyattentionandtime.Icagedmyselfinaprisonofmyownambitionsandexpectations,cutfrommanyaspectsoftheworld.SowhenIfirststartedwashingdishes,Ifeltannoyed.Iwasinarushtobedonewiththem,eagertogetbacktomyendlesslistoftasks.____38____Forabout15minuteseveryday,IrealizedthatIcouldslowdowntimeandforgeteverythingintheworld.Asmymind,eyesandhandsfocusedonasimpletaskthatwouldalwaysresultinsuccess,Ifoundpeace.Thoughthenewdishwasherarrivedeventually,Icontinuedtowashdishesbyhand.ThistaskbecamemorerelaxingandeducationalthanIcouldhaveimagined.____39____Frommykitchenwindow,Iwatchedtheseasonschange:thetomatoplantgrewinsummer,gaveitsfruitinfall,anddiedbackinwinter.Thennewgreenwasshowinginspring.Ikeptthesesightsinmind,thinkingontimeitself.dishestaughtmetothinkofthepletionofataskastheultimatereward,notpraiseoraprize.Ilearnedtobemorerelaxedaboutdeadlines.____40____A.Itdefinitelyallowedmetorecover.B.NowIcanenjoywhatevertaskI’mdoing.C.Iwasrunningaroundstressedmostoftheday.D.Ittookawhileforthemodelweorderedtoarrive.E.Butanewdishwasherwasoutofourconsideration.F.IshouldhaveacplishedthemwithevengreaterG.dishes,though,causedanadmirabletransformationinme.【答案】36.D37.C38.G39.A40.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因洗碗机故障洗碗，从中获得成长的经历。第17页/共28页

【36题详解】上文“calledarepairmanandweretolditwouldhavetobereplaced.(须更换)Somymotheraskedmetowashdishesbyhandafterdinner.(所以我妈妈让我晚饭后手洗碗)明新洗碗机无法立即到位。选项D“Ittookawhileforthemodelweorderedtoarrive.(我们订购的型号花了一段时间才到)”的“tookawhiletoarriveD。【37题详解】上文“understandwhythisupsetmesomuch,youneedtoknowwhatmylifewaslikeasauniversitysenior.(要理解为什么这让我如此沮丧，你需要知道我作为大四学生的生活是什么样的)”说明下文将介绍作者大四的生活状态。空后“Homeworkassignments,projectsandtestspetedformyattentionandtime.(家庭作业、项目和考试都在争夺我的注意力和时间)”描述了作者忙碌的状态。空处承接前文，具体说明作者的生活状态。选项C“Iwasrunningaroundstressedmostoftheday.(我大部分时间都在紧张地忙碌)”具体体现了作者大四的忙碌与压力，与后文的任务繁重相呼应，符合语境。故选C。【38题详解】上文“SowhenIfirststartedwashingdishes,Ifeltannoyed.Iwasinarushtobedonewiththem,eagertogetbacktomyendlesslistoftasks.(所以当我刚开始洗碗时，我感到很恼火。我急于洗完，渴望回到我无尽的任务清单上)”说明作者一开始对洗碗很反感、很急躁。空后“Forabout15minuteseveryday,IrealizedthatIcouldslowdowntimeandforgeteverythingintheworld.(每天大约15界上的一切)G“dishes,though,causedanadmirabletransformationinme.(然而，洗碗给我带来了令人钦佩的转变)”中的“thoughtransformation”呼应后文作者态度的变化，与上下文内容相衔接，符合语境。故选G。【39题详解】上文“ThistaskbecamemorerelaxingandeducationalthanIcouldhaveimagined.(这项任务比我想象的更放松、更有教育意义)”说明洗碗给作者带来了积极影响。空后“Frommykitchenwindow,Iwatchedtheseasonschange:thetomatoplantgrewinsummer,gaveitsfruitinfall,anddiedbackinwinter.Thennewgreenwasshowinginspring.Ikeptthesesightsinmind,thinkingontimeitself.(从我家厨房的窗户望去，我目睹了四季的更替：番茄植株在夏季生长，秋季结出果实，冬季又逐渐枯萎。而到了春天，又会萌发出新的绿意。我将这些景象铭记于心，思考着时间的本质)”具体描述了洗碗时的收获。空处承接前文，