定语从句专项语法练习题

定语从句专项语法练习题定语从句作为英语语法中的重要组成部分，其核心作用在于通过对名词或代词进行修饰和限定，使句子意义更加丰富和精确。掌握定语从句的用法，不仅能够提升阅读理解中对复杂句式的解析能力，也能让书面表达更具逻辑性和层次感。以下练习题将从基础概念入手，逐步过渡到复杂应用，帮助学习者系统梳理并巩固相关知识。一、核心概念回顾在进入练习之前，我们简要回顾定语从句的几个关键要素：*先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。*关系词：引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词（which,that,who,whom,whose）和关系副词（where,when,why）。关系词不仅连接主句和从句，还在从句中充当一定的句子成分（主语、宾语、定语、状语等）。*限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：前者与先行词关系密切，不可或缺，无逗号隔开；后者对先行词进行补充说明，可用逗号与主句隔开，通常不用that引导。二、练习题（一）基础巩固：关系代词与关系副词的选择请根据句意，在空格处填入适当的关系代词（which,that,who,whom,whose）或关系副词（where,when,why）。1.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryyesterdayisveryinteresting.2.Thisisthepark______weusedtoplayfootballwhenwewerekids.3.Doyouknowthegirl______istalkingtoourteacher?4.Istillremembertheday______wefirstmetattheschoolgate.5.Thereason______hewaslateforclassisnotclear.6.Thisisthescientist______inventionhaschangedtheworld.7.Thehouse______roofisredbelongstomyuncle.8.Wevisitedthemuseum______hasalargecollectionofancientartifactslastweekend.9.Theman______youmetatthepartylastnightismybrother-in-law.10.Ican'tfindthepen______Iwrotetheletterwith.（二）提升训练：关系代词that与which的辨析在下列句子中填入that或which，并思考其原因。1.Thisistheonlybook______canhelpyouwithyourcurrentproblem.2.Thenovel,______Ifinishedreadinglastweek,isnowbeingmadeintoamovie.3.All______glittersisnotgold.4.Theletters______shewrotetomearekeptinawoodenbox.5.Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandplaces______hehadvisitedduringhistrip.（三）深化理解：关系副词where,when,why的运用选择合适的关系副词填空，并体会其在从句中所指代的先行词类型。1.I'llneverforgetthemoment______Iheardthegoodnews.3.Thereason______shegaveforherabsencewasnotconvincing.(提示：此处reason在从句中作宾语)4.Wearrivedatasmallvillage______thelocalswereveryfriendly.5.Thetime______wespendtogetherisalwaysprecious.(提示：此处time在从句中作宾语)（四）综合运用：将下列简单句合并为含有定语从句的复合句1.Thegirlismycousin.Sheisstandingoverthere.2.Thisisthefactory.Myfatherworksinthisfactory.3.Ihaveafriend.Hisfatherisafamousdoctor.4.Wevisitedthecity.Shakespearewasborninthiscity.5.Hetoldmeastory.Ifoundthestoryquiteamusing.三、答案与解析（一）基础巩固1.which/that(先行词为物，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可省略)2.where(先行词为地点，关系副词在从句中作地点状语)3.who/that(先行词为人，关系代词在从句中作主语)4.when(先行词为时间，关系副词在从句中作时间状语)5.why(先行词为reason，关系副词在从句中作原因状语)6.whose(关系代词在从句中作定语，修饰invention，表示“……的”)7.whose(同上，修饰roof)8.which/that(先行词为物，关系代词在从句中作主语)9.whom/who/that(先行词为人，关系代词在从句中作宾语)10.which/that(先行词为物，关系代词在从句中作介词with的宾语，可省略；或用withwhich)（二）提升训练1.that(先行词被only修饰，通常用that)2.which(非限制性定语从句，指代先行词thenovel，用逗号隔开，不能用that)3.that(不定代词all作先行词，关系代词用that)4.which/that(限制性定语从句，先行词为物，均可)5.that(先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that)（三）深化理解1.when(先行词为moment，表时间)2.where(先行词为shop，表地点，从句中需要地点状语)3.that/which(此处reason在从句中作动词gave的宾语，而非状语，故用关系代词that/which，可省略)4.where(先行词为village，表地点)5.that/which(此处time在从句中作动词spend的宾语，故用关系代词that/which，可省略)（四）综合运用(参考答案，部分题目可能有多种表达方式)1.Thegirlwho/thatisstandingoverthereismycousin.2.Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks./Thisisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworks./Thisisthefactory(which/that)myfatherworksin.3.Ihaveafriendwhosefatherisafamousdoctor.4.WevisitedthecitywhereShakespearewasborn./WevisitedthecityinwhichShakespearewasborn.5.Hetoldmeastorywhich/thatIfoundquiteamusing./Hetoldmeastory,whichIfoundquiteamusing.(若视为非限制性定语从句，补充说明story)四、总结与建议定语从句的掌