北师大版语文四年级下册第十二单元测试题

北师大版语文四年级下册第十二单元测试题亲爱的同学们，经过一个单元的学习，相信大家一定有了不少收获。现在就请你拿起笔，认真读题，仔细作答，把你的所学所悟展现出来吧！相信你一定是最棒的！考试时间：90分钟满分：100分题号一二三总分:---:---:---:---:---得分一、积累与运用(共35分)(一)看拼音，写词语，注意书写规范、美观。(8分)àomì()guānchá()tuījiàn()zhùshì()zhǐjìng()yánjiū()qiúzhù()huòdé()(二)比一比，再组词。(4分)辩()即()燥()坊()辨()既()躁()肪()(三)把下列词语补充完整，并选择其中一个写一句话。(5分)专心()()一丝()()恍()大()()()勃勃不()所()五彩()()造句：_________________________________________________(四)选词填空。(4分)发现发明发生发展1.我们要留心观察生活，这样才能()更多有趣的现象。2.爱迪生经过无数次实验，终于()了电灯。3.近年来，我的家乡()了翻天覆地的变化。4.这件事情的()，让大家都感到很意外。(五)按要求写句子。(8分)1.我们打败了强大的敌人。(改为“把”字句)_________________________________________________2.雨点落在窗户上。(用上拟人的修辞手法)_________________________________________________3.小明认真地把作业做完了。(改为“被”字句)_________________________________________________4.难道我们不应该好好学习吗？(改为陈述句)_________________________________________________(六)日积月累。(6分)1.默写古诗《题西林壁》。_____________________，_____________________。_____________________，_____________________。这首诗的作者是______代诗人_________。诗中蕴含哲理的诗句是：“_____________________，_____________________。”2.人们常说：“_______________，_______________。”这告诉我们，只要肯努力，事情就有成功的希望。二、阅读与理解(共30分)(一)课内阅读(12分)《自然之道》(节选)我和同伴紧张地看着眼前的一幕，其中一位焦急地对向导说：“你得想想办法啊！”向导却若无其事地答道：“叼就叼去吧，自然之道，就是这样的。”向导的冷淡，招来了同伴们一片“不能见死不救”的呼喊。向导极不情愿地抱起那只小龟，朝大海走去。那只嘲鸫眼见到手的美食丢掉，只好颓丧地飞走了。然而，接着发生的事情让大家极为震惊。向导抱走幼龟不久，成群的幼龟从巢口鱼贯而出。我们很快明白：我们干了一件愚不可及的蠢事。那只先出来的幼龟，原来是龟群的“侦察兵”，一旦遇到危险，便会返回龟巢。那只幼龟被向导引向大海，巢中的幼龟得到错误信息，以为外面很安全，于是争先恐后地结伴而出。1.“自然之道”在文中指的是什么？(2分)_________________________________________________2.同伴们为什么对向导的态度感到“焦急”和“呼喊”？(3分)_________________________________________________3.“我们干了一件愚不可及的蠢事”指的是什么事？(3分)_________________________________________________4.读了这段文字，你明白了什么道理？(4分)__________________________________________________________________________________________________(二)课外阅读(18分)有趣的发现一百多年前，英国有位著名的生物学家叫达尔文。有一次，达尔文乘船到海洋中的一个小岛上去考察。他看到岛上的昆虫要么翅膀特别大，要么就没有翅膀，感到很奇怪。达尔文捉来许多昆虫，反复观察比较，终于找到了答案。原来，岛上经常刮大风。那些没有翅膀的昆虫，因为不会飞，就不大可能被风刮到海里淹死。那些翅膀特别大的昆虫，因为顶得住大风，所以也能生存下来。而那些翅膀不大的昆虫，由于很容易被刮到海里去，便逐渐消失了。这个有趣的发现，对达尔文后来的科学研究起到了非常重要的作用。1.给短文加一个合适的题目，写在文前的横线上。(2分)2.达尔文是哪个国家的生物学家？他到小岛上去做什么？(3分)_________________________________________________3.达尔文在小岛上发现了昆虫的什么现象？用“~~~~”在文中画出相关句子。(3分)4.产生这种现象的原因是什么？请用“因为……所以……”的句式回答。(4分)对于没有翅膀的昆虫：_________________________________对于翅膀特别大的昆虫：_______________________________5.这个“有趣的发现”对你有什么启发？(3分)_________________________________________________6.读了这篇短文，你觉得达尔文是一个怎样的人？(3分)_________________________________________________三、表达与交流(共35分)题目：我的新发现提示：生活中，你一定有过不少的发现，可能是关于植物生长的，可能是关于小动物生活习性的，也可能是关于人与人之间相处的……请选择一个你印象最深的发现写下来。注意把发现的过程写清楚，写具体，写出自己的感受。要求：1.语句通顺，内容具体，感情真实。2.书写工整，不写错别字，标点符号使用正确。3.字数在300字左右。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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