中国矿业大学《医学英语翻译》2025-2026学年第一学期期末试卷(B卷)

站名：站名：年级专业：姓名：学号：凡年级专业、姓名、学号错写、漏写或字迹不清者，成绩按零分记。…………密………………封………………线…………第1页，共1页中国矿业大学《医学英语翻译》2025-2026学年第一学期期末试卷(B卷)注意事项:1.请考生在下列横线上填写姓名、学号和年级专业。2.请仔细阅读各种题目的回答要求，在规定的位置填写答案。3.不要在试卷上乱写乱画，不要在装订线内填写无关的内容。4.考试时间120分钟专业学号姓名题号一二三四五六七八总分统分人复查人得分得分评分人一、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1.Theterm"atherosclerosis"referstothehardeningandnarrowingofarteriesduetothebuildupofplaques.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrecttranslationof"atherosclerosis"?A.动脉硬化B.动脉狭窄C.血栓形成D.血管炎2.Inapatientwithdiabetes,theterm"glycatedhemoglobin"(HbA1c)isusedtoassesslong-termbloodglucosecontrol.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"glycatedhemoglobin"?A.糖化血红蛋白B.血糖水平C.血糖指数D.血糖峰值3.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrecttranslationof"hypertension"?A.高血压B.低血压C.心律失常D.心肌梗死4.Theterm"malignanttumor"referstoacancerousgrowth.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"malignanttumor"?A.恶性肿瘤B.良性肿瘤C.炎症D.感染5.Inthecontextofapatientwithabrokenbone,theterm"fracture"isused.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"fracture"?A.骨折B.骨裂C.骨折愈合D.骨折治疗6.Theterm"inflammation"referstothebody'sresponsetoinjuryorinfection.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"inflammation"?A.炎症B.感染C.肿瘤D.贫血7.Inapatientwithaheartattack,theterm"myocardialinfarction"isused.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"myocardialinfarction"?A.心肌梗死B.心律失常C.心脏病D.心脏衰竭8.Theterm"hypokalemia"referstolowlevelsofpotassiumintheblood.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"hypokalemia"?A.低钾血症B.低钠血症C.低钙血症D.低镁血症9.Inapatientwithasthma,theterm"bronchospasm"isused.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"bronchospasm"?A.支气管痉挛B.支气管扩张C.支气管炎D.支气管狭窄10.Theterm"neoplasm"referstoanewgrowthoftissue.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"neoplasm"?A.新生物B.肿瘤C.炎症D.感染11.Inapatientwithaheadache,theterm"migraine"isused.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"migraine"?A.偏头痛B.紧张性头痛C.神经性头痛D.偏心头痛12.Theterm"hypertensivecrisis"referstoasuddenincreaseinbloodpressure.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"hypertensivecrisis"?A.高血压危机B.低血压危机C.心律失常危机D.心肌梗死危机13.Inapatientwithakidneystone,theterm"nephrolithiasis"isused.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"nephrolithiasis"?A.肾结石B.肾炎C.肾衰竭D.肾肿瘤14.Theterm"hypoglycemia"referstolowbloodsugarlevels.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"hypoglycemia"?A.低血糖B.高血糖C.血糖正常D.血糖峰值15.Inapatientwithaurinarytractinfection,theterm"cystitis"isused.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"cystitis"?A.尿道炎B.膀胱炎C.肾炎D.尿路感染16.Theterm"osteoporosis"referstoaconditioncharacterizedbyweakandbrittlebones.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"osteoporosis"?A.骨质疏松症B.骨折C.骨裂D.骨折愈合17.Inapatientwithamentaldisorder,theterm"depression"isused.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"depression"?A.抑郁症B.焦虑症C.精神分裂症D.恐慌症18.Theterm"atherosclerosis"referstothehardeningandnarrowingofarteriesduetothebuildupofplaques.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"atherosclerosis"?A.动脉硬化B.动脉狭窄C.血栓形成D.血管炎19.Inapatientwithdiabetes,theterm"glycatedhemoglobin"(HbA1c)isusedtoassesslong-termbloodglucosecontrol.Whatisthecorrecttranslationof"glycatedhemoglobin"?A.糖化血红蛋白B.血糖水平C.血糖指数D.血糖峰值20.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrecttranslationof"hypertension"?A.高血压B.低血压C.心律失常D.心肌梗死二、多项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thefollowingaresomeofthecommonsymptomsofaheartattack.Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?A.ChestpainB.ShortnessofbreathC.NauseaD.Dizziness2.Thefollowingaresomeoftheriskfactorsfordevelopingdiabetes.Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?A.AgeB.FamilyhistoryC.ObesityD.Physicalinactivity3.Thefollowingaresomeofthecommonsymptomsofasthma.Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?A.WheezingB.ShortnessofbreathC.ChesttightnessD.Coughing4.Thefollowingaresomeofthecommonsymptomsofaurinarytractinfection.Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?A.FrequenturinationB.PainfulurinationC.BloodinurineD.Fever5.Thefollowingaresomeofthecommonsymptomsofdepression.Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?A.LossofinterestorpleasureB.FeelingsofsadnessorhopelessnessC.ChangesinappetiteorweightD.Sleepdisturbances6.Thefollowingaresomeofthecommonsymptomsofosteoporosis.Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?A.BackpainB.LossofheightC.FracturesD.Bonepain7.Thefollowingaresomeofthecommonsymptomsofakidneystone.Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?A.SeverepaininthesideandbackB.BloodinurineC.NauseaandvomitingD.Fever8.Thefollowingaresomeofthecommonsymptomsofamigraine.Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?A.SevereheadacheB.SensitivitytolightandsoundC.NauseaandvomitingD.Visiondisturbances9.Thefollowingaresomeofthecommonsymptomsofaheartattack.Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?A.ChestpainB.ShortnessofbreathC.NauseaD.Dizziness10.Thefollowingaresomeofthecommonsymptomsofdiabetes.Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?A.IncreasedthirstB.IncreasedhungerC.FrequenturinationD.Fatigue三、判断题（每题1分，共10分）1.Atherosclerosisisaconditioncharacterizedbythehardeningandnarrowingofarteriesduetothebuildupofplaques.(T/F)2.Hypertensionisaconditioncharacterizedbyhighbloodpressure.(T/F)3.Diabetesisaconditioncharacterizedbyhighbloodsugarlevels.(T/F)4.Asthmaisachronicrespiratoryconditioncharacterizedbyinflammationandnarrowingoftheairways.(T/F)5.Aurinarytractinfectionisaninfectionoftheurinarysystem,whichincludesthekidneys,ureters,bladder,andurethra.(T/F)6.Depressionisamentaldisordercharacterizedbypersistentfeelingsofsadness,lossofinterest,anddecreasedenergy.(T/F)7.Osteoporosisisaconditioncharacterizedbyweakandbrittlebones,whichincreasestheriskoffractures.(T/F)8.Akidneystoneisasolidmassmadeupofmineralsandsaltsthatforminthekidneys.(T/F)9.Amigraineisasevereheadachethatisoftenaccompaniedbynausea,vomiting,andsensitivitytolightandsound.(T/F)10.Diabetesisachronicconditionthatrequireslifelongmanagementandtreatment.(T/F)四、名词解释（每题4分，共20分）1.Atherosclerosis2.Hypertension3.Diabetes4.Asthma5.Osteoporosis五、简答题（每题6分，共18分）1.Explainthepathophysiologyofatherosclerosis.