2026年考博英语测试题及答案

2026年考博英语测试题及答案

一、单项选择题(总共10题，每题2分)1.Thecommitteeistotallyopposed____anychangesbeingmadeintheplans.A.ofB.onC.toD.against2.Weagreedtoaccept____theythoughtwasthebesttouristguide.A.whateverB.whomeverC.whicheverD.whoever3.Itishightimethatsuchpractices____.A.areendedB.beendedC.wereendedD.mustbeended4.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds____hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase5.LivinginthecentralAustraliandeserthasitsproblems,____obtainingwaterisnottheleast.A.ofwhichB.forwhatC.asD.whose6.Thespeech____,alivelydiscussionstarted.A.beingdeliveredB.wasdeliveredC.bedeliveredD.havingbeendelivered7.Iftapwaterwereasdangerousassomepeoplethink,____wouldbegettingsick.A.alotofmoreusB.morealotofusC.alotofusmoreD.alotmoreofus8.Thetraditionalapproach____withcomplexproblemsistobreakthemdownintosmaller,moreeasilymanagedproblems.A.todealingB.indealingC.dealingD.todeal9.Hegivespeopletheimpression____allhislifeabroad.A.ofhavingspentB.tohavespentC.ofbeingspentD.tospend10.Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundcornersunless____todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice.A.beingmadeB.madeC.tobemadeD.havingmade二、填空题(总共10题，每题2分)1.Thenewsystem,whichshouldbeinusebytheendofthismonth,willreplacetheoldone.(use)2.Thereporturgedthatallchildrenbetaughttoswim.(urge)3.Thecompanyisplanninganewmarketingcampaigntopromoteitsproducts.(promote)4.Thepoliceareinvestigatingthedisappearanceofayoungwoman.(investigate)5.Shehasastrongdesireforsuccess.(desire)6.Hisspeechwassoinspiringthateveryonewasdeeplymoved.(inspire)7.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestoreducepollution.(measure)8.Weshouldmakefulluseofourtimetostudy.(use)9.Theteacher'spraisehasagreatimpactonthestudents.(impact)10.Theprojectrequiresalotofhardworkanddedication.(require)三、判断题(总共10题，每题2分)1.ThemoreyoupracticespeakingEnglish,thebetteryourEnglishwillbe.(T)2.Hesuggestedthatwewenttothecinematonight.(F，应改为go)3.I'mlookingforwardtoseeyousoon.(F，应改为seeing)4.Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentouttoplayfootball.(T)5.ThebookwhichIboughtityesterdayisveryinteresting.(F，应去掉it)6.Sheisusedtoliveinthecountryside.(F，应改为living)7.Onlywhenhecomeswillwestartthemeeting.(T)8.Hehasnochoicebuttowait.(T)9.Thereasonwhyhewaslateisbecausehemissedthebus.(F，应去掉because)10.Itislikelytoraintomorrow.(T)四、简答题(总共4题，每题5分)1.请简要说明英语中虚拟语气的几种常见用法。虚拟语气常见用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实情况。如在if引导的条件状语从句中，与现在事实相反用一般过去时，与过去事实相反用过去完成时；用于wish后的宾语从句，对现在情况虚拟用一般过去时，对过去情况虚拟用过去完成时；用于suggest等表示建议、命令的动词后的宾语从句，用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。2.简述非谓语动词的三种形式及其用法特点。非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。不定式表将来、目的等，如Iwanttogo.；动名词可作主语、宾语等，如Swimmingisgoodexercise.；现在分词表主动、进行，如Theboystandingthereismybrother.，过去分词表被动、完成，如Thebrokenwindowneedstoberepaired.3.请说明定语从句和同位语从句的区别。定语从句是修饰先行词，在句中作定语，关系词有that,which,who等，如ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting.；同位语从句是对前面名词的具体内容进行解释，关系词通常是that，如Thenewsthathewontheprizeisexciting.定语从句中关系词在从句中作成分，同位语从句中that不充当成分。4.简述英语中强调句的结构及用法。强调句结构为Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。被强调部分是人可用who，其他用that。如ItwasyesterdaythatImethim.用于突出句子中的某一成分，强调其重要性。五、讨论题(总共4题，每题5分)1.讨论如何提高英语听力水平。可以多听英语广播、看英语电影电视剧等增加语言输入。利用听力教材进行专项训练，注意精听和泛听结合。平时注重积累词汇和常见表达方式，熟悉英语语音语调。还可以与外教交流或参加英语角，锻炼实际听力理解能力。2.谈谈如何写好英语作文。首先要明确写作主题和要求，构思好文章框架。积累丰富的词汇和多样的句式，使表达更准确生动。注意语法正确，逻辑连贯。写完后认真检查修改，避免低级错误。多参考优秀范文，学习其写作思路和方法，不断练习提高写作能力。3.讨论英语学习中词汇记忆的有效方法。可以通过阅读记忆词汇，在语境中理解其含义和用法。制作单词卡片，随时复习。利用词根词缀法，帮助记忆大量派生词。还可以采用联想法，将单词与生活中的事物联系起来。定期进行词汇测试，巩固记忆效果。4.说说如何提高英语口语表达能力。勇敢开口说，不要害怕犯错。模仿英语原声材料，纠正发音。多参加英语口语交流活动，如英语演讲比赛等。与英语母语者交流，锻炼实际交流能力。平时注意积累常用口语表达，丰富语言储备。答案及解析1.C.beopposedto是固定搭配，表示“反对”。2.D.whoever既作accept的宾语，又在从句中作主语，theythought是插入语。3.C.Itishightimethat后用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式。4.D.baseon的逻辑主语是grounds，所以用onwhichtobase。5.A.ofwhich表示“在……之中”，这里指在获取水是诸多问题之一。6.D.独立主格结构，speech与deliver是被动且完成关系，所以用havingbeendelivered。7.D.alotmoreofus表示“我们中更多的人”。8.A.approachto中to是介词，后接动名词。9.A.ofhavingspent表示“有在国外度过一生的印象”。10.B.省略了itis，完整形式是unlessitismade。填空题答案：1.use2.urge3.promote4.investigate5.desire6.inspire7.measure8.use9.impact10.require判断题解析：1.正确，“themore...themore...”结构。2.suggest表示“建议”时，从句用虚拟语气，should可