安徽省部分地市2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省部分地市2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThedrivingroutesonthislistareopentothepublicanddon’trequireanyspecialskills.Goout,exploreandenjoydriving!TheAtlanticRoadNorwayThe5-mileroadrunsthroughanarchipelago(群岛)oftheNorwegianSea,havingeightimpressivebridgesontheway.It’sapopularplaceforcarcompaniestofilmadvertisements.RingofKerryIrelandThis111-mileroadwayoffersamixofsceneryandhistory,withlandscapesrangingfromtheshoresoftheAtlanticOceantodeepforests.Partsoftheroaddatebackto10,000yearsagoandroadwaystopsincludetheislandmonastery(修道院)ofSkelligMichaelandtheIron-AgeStaiguestonefort.MillionDollarHighwayColoradoTheimpressiveviewsalongthis25-milehighwayarereasonableenoughtomakeapointoftakingtheroute.Coloradoprovidesplentyofopportunitiesalongthewaylikehiking,camping,rockclimbing,snowshoeingandwhitewaterrafting.StopinDurangoorTelluridetoenjoyWesternU.S.shopping.NationalRouteA006LasCuevas,ArgentinaIfyouarefondofcarvingcurves(弯道),NationalRouteA006,whichisabout5.3mileslong,istheplacetobe.Thecurviestpartoftheroad—withover60turns—runsfromLasCuevastoLaCumbrePass.Theroadwayonlyopensinsummer,passingthroughthescenicwine-growingareaofArgentina,whichisnotfarfromChile’scapital,Santiago.1.Whichrouteoffersmanysortsofoutdooractivitiessuchastravellingbyraft?A.TheAtlanticRoad. B.MillionDollarHighway.C.RingofKerry. D.NationalRouteA006.2.WhatisspecialaboutTheAtlanticRoad?A.Itonlyopensinoneseason. B.Itoffersancientattractions.C.Itcrossesagroupofislands. D.Itrunsfromtheshorestodeepforests.3.WheredoesthecurviestpartofNationalRouteA006lead?A.Durango. B.SkelligMichael. C.Astonefort. D.LaCumbrePass.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了对公众开放的四条驾驶路线，这四条路上都风景优美，值得探索。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据MillionDollarHighway中的“Coloradoprovidesplentyofopportunitiesalongthewaylikehiking,camping,rockclimbing,snowshoeingandwhitewaterrafting.(科罗拉多沿途提供了很多机会，比如徒步旅行、露营、攀岩、雪鞋徒步和激流漂流)”可知，MillionDollarHighway提供多种户外活动。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据TheAtlanticRoad中的“The5-mileroadrunsthroughanarchipelago(群岛)oftheNorwegianSea,havingeightimpressivebridgesontheway.It’sapopularplaceforcarcompaniestofilmadvertisements.(这条5英里长的公路穿过挪威海的一个群岛，沿途有八座令人印象深刻的桥梁。这是汽车公司拍摄广告的热门地点)”可知，TheAtlanticRoad的特点是它横跨一群岛屿。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据NationalRouteA006中的“Thecurviestpartoftheroad—withover60turns—runsfromLasCuevastoLaCumbrePass.(这条路最弯曲的部分——有60多个转弯——从拉斯奎瓦斯到拉坎伯山口)”可知，NationalRouteA006最弯曲的部分通向拉坎伯山口。故选D项。BMariaAgnesiwasthefirstwomantowriteamathtextbookandthesecondwomantobeappointedasaprofessoratauniversity.Shewasbornin1718inMilan,Italy.HerfatherwasPietroAgnesi,awealthynoblemanandaprofessorofmathattheUniversityofBologna.HerecognizedthetalentsofhisdaughterMaria.Treatedasagiftedchild,shewastaughtbysometutors(家庭教师)tolearnfivelanguages,philosophyandscience.Shewasbetterthanothergirlsatschoolatherearlyage.ThefatherinvitedgroupsofhiscolleaguestogatherathishomeandhadMariapresentspeeches.Shedidn’tlikeperforming,butshecouldnotpersuadeherfathertoletheroffthetaskuntilshewas20yearsold.Maria’sgreatestmathematicalachievementwasauthoringthetwo-parttextbookAnalyticalInstitutions.Mariaintendedthetextbooktomakethenewfieldofcalculus(微积分)easiertobeunderstoodbymorestudents(includingheryoungerbrothers)andmathematicianswhowereinterestedinthesubject.That’salsowhyshechosetowritethebooksinItalian.Mariafoughttomakemathmoreavailabletopeopleoutsideofthewealthyoracademiccircles.Manypeople,alloverEurope,readherbooksinthe18thand19thcenturies.Theywereinspiredtolearnmoreanddiveintomath.In1750,Mariawasappointedtothechairofmath,physicsandnaturalsciencesattheUniversityofBologna.Whenherfatherdiedin1752,Mariagaveawayallofherpossessionsandspenttherestofherlifeworkingwiththechurchtohelpthoselessfortunate.In1783,shefoundedahomefortheelderlyinMilan,whereshealsolivedandworked.4.WhatcanweinferaboutMariawhenshewasakid?A.Sheoftenhelpedotherchildrenlearnforeignlanguages.B.Shehadatalentforinventingthings.C.Sheshowedlittleinterestinmath.D.Shedidquitewellinschool.5.HowdidMariafeelaboutperformingbeforeherfather’scolleagues?A.Excited. B.Calm. C.Uneasy. D.Proud.6.WhatdoweknowaboutAnalyticalInstitutions?A.Itenabledmorepeopletolearnmathinarelativelyeasyway.B.ItwasmainlyintendedfortheUniversityofBologna.C.ItwastranslatedintoItalianandChinese.D.Itwasdislikedbymostwealthypeople.7.WhatdidMariadoafterherfatherdied?A.Shegaveawayherfather’smoney. B.Shesetupauniversityforthepoor.C.Shedevotedherselftothepublicgood. D.Shetaughttheelderlymathinachurch.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了意大利数学家MariaAgnesi的生平和成就，包括她的家庭背景、教育经历、数学贡献以及她后来的慈善工作。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Shewasbetterthanothergirlsatschoolatherearlyage.(她在很小的时候就比学校里的其他女孩成绩好)”可推知，Maria小时候在学校表现很好。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThefatherinvitedgroupsofhiscolleaguestogatherathishomeandhadMariapresentspeeches.Shedidn’tlikeperforming,butshecouldnotpersuadeherfathertoletheroffthetaskuntilshewas20yearsold.(父亲邀请他的同事们在家里聚会，让Maria发表演讲。她不喜欢表演，但直到20岁，她才说服父亲让她放弃这个任务)”可知，Maria不喜欢在父亲的同事面前表演，会感到不自在，故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Mariaintendedthetextbooktomakethenewfieldofcalculus(微积分)easiertobeunderstoodbymorestudents(includingheryoungerbrothers)andmathematicianswhowereinterestedinthesubject.That’salsowhyshechosetowritethebooksinItalian.(Maria希望这本教科书能让更多对微积分感兴趣的学生（包括她的弟弟）和数学家更容易理解微积分这一新兴领域。这也是她选择用意大利语写书的原因)”可知，AnalyticalInstitutions使更多人能够以一种相对简单的方式学习数学。故选A项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Whenherfatherdiedin1752,Mariagaveawayallofherpossessionsandspenttherestofherlifeworkingwiththechurchtohelpthoselessfortunate.In1783,shefoundedahomefortheelderlyinMilan,whereshealsolivedandworked.(当她的父亲于1752年去世时，Maria放弃了她所有的财产，并在她的余生中与教会一起帮助那些不幸的人。1783年，她在米兰建立了一个养老院，并在那里生活和工作)”可知，Maria在她父亲死后献身于公益事业。故选C项。CMusiciswidelyknownasapainkiller.Butscientistsstillstruggletofigureoutwhatgivesmusicthiseffect.Informerstudies,musicaltempo(节奏),musicalenergyandhowrelaxingthemusicisdon’timpactpainrelief.Inanewstudy,researchersarguethatthereliefcouldcomefromlettingpeoplepicksongstolistento.Theteamdesignedanonlineexperimentwhereparticipantseitherlistenedtomusicwithloworhighcomplexity(复杂性).Theygavesomeparticipantsachancetochoosetheirsong.Theyneededtolistentofourmusicalclips(片段)thatlastedtwosecondsandchoseonetolistentoinfull.However,alltheclipscamefromthesamesong,sotheyallactuallylistenedtothesamesong.Theresearchershadaskedamusiciantowritetwopiecesthatsharedthesamesongbutdifferedincomplexity.Beforethetest,participantsratedtheirwell-being,painintensityandpainunpleasantness.Then,theylistenedtotheentiresong—eitherthecomplexorsimpleversion.Afterwards,theyre-ratedtheirpainandwell-being,reportedhowtheyfeltaboutthesonganddescribedhowdeeplytheywereinvolvedinmusicintheireverydaylives.Peoplewhothoughttheychosethesongtolistentohadreducedpainintensity,butnotpainunpleasantness,andpeoplethatregularlygotinvolvedinmusicbenefitedthemost.Meanwhile,songcomplexitydidn’taffecttheresult.Listeningtothechosenmusicgivespeoplecontrolovertheirenvironment,whichcouldrelievepain.Thatleadstofeelingsofwellnessanddecreasedpain.Thefindingsalsostresstheimportanceofmusicalabsorption—thefeelingofgettinglostinasongandlosingphysicalawareness.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopmethodsthatinterestlistenerswhodon’tlistentomusicmuchintheirdailylives.Theauthorhopesthatthefindingscouldbeusedtoimprovemusictherapy.It’snotenoughjusttoplaymusicinthebackground.Itistohavethegreatestimpactandhelppatients.8.Whichofthefollowingdoesthenewresearchfocuson?A.Severaleffectsofmusiconpeople’simagination.B.Whymusiccanactuallydrawpeople’sattention.C.Whatkindofmusiccanhelppeopleworkbetter.D.Whetherpeople’slisteningtochosenmusiccanrelievepain.9.Whatisthefactaboutthemusiclistenedtobytheparticipants?A.Itwasmadeupoftwodifferentsongs.B.Alltheclipsweretakenfromthesamesong.C.Itsendingwasmorecomplexthanitsbeginning.D.Ithadbeenlistenedtothreetimesbeforetheirchoosingthesong.10.Whatcanweconcludefromtheexperiment?A.Thosewholistentomusicoftencanbenefitalotmore.B.Thosewholistentocomplexmusiccanbestcontroltheirpain.C.Thosewhochoosetheloudmusictolistentocanfeelmorepleasant.D.Thosewhochoosethelightmusiccanbemoreawareoftheirenvironment.11.Howdoestheauthorliketheresultoftheresearch?A.Practical. B.Doubtful. C.Disappointing. D.Worrying.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.A【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要说明让人们挑选歌曲听可以让他们减轻痛苦程度。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inanewstudy,researchersarguethatthereliefcouldcomefromlettingpeoplepicksongstolistento.(在一项新的研究中，研究人员认为，让人们选择听的歌曲可能会减轻压力)”可知，这项新研究的重点是人们听选定的音乐是否能缓解疼痛。故选D项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theyneededtolistentofourmusicalclips(片段)thatlastedtwosecondsandchoseonetolistentoinfull.However,alltheclipscamefromthesamesong,sotheyallactuallylistenedtothesamesong.(他们需要听四个持续两秒钟的音乐片段，并选择一个完整地听。然而，所有的片段都来自同一首歌，所以他们实际上都听了同一首歌)”可知，参与者听的音乐，所有的片段都取自同一首歌。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Peoplewhothoughttheychosethesongtolistentohadreducedpainintensity,butnotpainunpleasantness,andpeoplethatregularlygotinvolvedinmusicbenefitedthemost.Meanwhile,songcomplexitydidn’taffecttheresult.(那些认为自己选择了要听的歌曲的人，疼痛强度减轻了，但疼痛带来的不愉快感没有减轻，而那些经常听音乐的人受益最大。同时，歌曲的复杂性对结果没有影响)”可知，那些经常听音乐的人会受益更多。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopmethodsthatinterestlistenerswhodon’tlistentomusicmuchintheirdailylives.Theauthorhopesthatthefindingscouldbeusedtoimprovemusictherapy.It’snotenoughjusttoplaymusicinthebackground.Itistohavethegreatestimpactandhelppatients.(在未来，该团队希望开发出一些方法，让那些在日常生活中不怎么听音乐的听众感兴趣。作者希望这一发现可以用于改善音乐治疗。仅仅播放背景音乐是不够的。它是有最大的影响和帮助病人)”可知，作者认为研究结果是实用的。故选A项。DHavinglosthiseyesightinchildhood,countlessdifficultiesoncestoodinAngZiyu’spathasheexperiencedanacademiclife.However,inJune,hegraduatedwithabachelor’sdegreeinscienceandwasreadytoattendacourseforamaster’sdegree,provingthathiscourage,determinationandresilience(适应力)helpedhimgetoverdifficultiescausedbyhisvisualdisability.AngwasadmittedtoMinzuUniversityofChinain2020,scoring635outofapossible750inthenationalcollegeentranceexam,andbecametheuniversity’sfirst-everstudentwithvisualdisability.Worriescamealongwiththejoyofcollegeadmission.Wouldhebeabletotakecareofhimselfoncampus?WouldhebeabletolearnabstractknowledgeinBraille(盲文)?Couldhemeetthegraduationrequirementsfouryearslater?“Thegreatestfearistheunknown.Ididencountermanyproblemsafterenteringcollege,buttherewasalwaysaway,”saidAng.“OnlyafteramonthdidIbecomefamiliarwiththecampusroads.Iusedtobuymealsatcertainstalls(摊位)intheself-servicerestaurantbecauseoffamiliarity,butasaseniornow,IwouldliketotryeveryfoodIhaven’teatenyetbeforeIleavethecollege,”Angsaid.“SometimeshewalksfasterthanIdo.Heusesastickmoretoremindpeoplethatheisblind,incaseheknocksintoothers,ratherthanneedingittowalk,”saidBaiLu,histeacher.Greaterchallengescamefromeducationactivities.Asaninformationandcomputingsciencemajor,Angneedstotakemanymathcoursesthatcontainsymbolsandgeometry,whicharedifficulttoexpressinBraille.Ontheonehand,AnghasmadesomenewadjustmentstothewritingrulesofBrailletobetterdealwiththemathcalculations.Ontheotherhand,moreintelligentscreen-readingsoftware,abletoreadmanymathematicalsymbolsandGreekletters,hasbecomeaconvenience.Inaddition,voluntaryschoolmatesorganizedbytheschoolwouldreadthetextbooksandmathquestionsforhimtoassisthisstudy.Intermsoffinalexams,Angansweredthesametestpapersashisclassmatesdid,butinaspecialway.Angwouldfirsttranscribe(把……转成)thequestionsreadtohim,thenanswertheminBraillein1.5timesthestandardexamtime.Whengivenscores,Angwouldreadhisanswerstotheteachersfacetoface.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“meet”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Identify. B.Satisfy. C.Recommend. D.Replace.13.WhydidAngbuymealsatcertainstallsatfirst?A.Thefoodsthereweremuchtastier. B.Hekneworrecognizedthestallsbetter.C.Thepricesoffoodstherewerelower. D.Thestalls’servicequalitywasmuchbetter.14.HowcanwebestdescribeAngaccordingtothetext?A.Gratefulandhumorous. B.Helpfulandconsiderate.C.Intelligentandindependent. D.Hardworkingandadaptable.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthenewsreport?A.BlindstudentcompletescollegewithresilienceB.Countlessdifficultiesstandinblindstudent’spathC.Blindstudentattendscourseforbachelor’sdegreeD.University’sfirst-everstudentwithvisualdisability【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了有视力障碍的AngZiyu通过自己的勇气、决心和韧性完成了大学学习获得学位，并准备攻读硕士的故事。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Worriescamealongwiththejoyofcollegeadmission.Wouldhebeabletotakecareofhimselfoncampus?WouldhebeabletolearnabstractknowledgeinBraille(盲文)?(大学录取的喜悦伴随着忧虑而来。他在校园里能照顾好自己吗？他能用盲文学习抽象知识吗？)”及划线词后文“thegraduationrequirementsfouryearslater(四年后的毕业要求)”可知，此处描述进入大学后的担忧，即，能否达到毕业的要求，meet与此处satisfy“满足”意思相近。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段““OnlyafteramonthdidIbecomefamiliarwiththecampusroads.Iusedtobuymealsatcertainstalls(摊位)intheself-servicerestaurantbecauseoffamiliarity,butasaseniornow,IwouldliketotryeveryfoodIhaven’teatenyetbeforeIleavethecollege,”Angsaid.(Ang说：“一个月后，我才熟悉了校园道路。因为熟悉，我过去常常在自助餐厅的某些摊位上买饭，但现在作为一名大四学生，我想在离开学校之前尝试每一种我还没有吃过的食物。”)”可知，刚开始Ang在特定的摊位上买饭是因为他更熟悉或更能认出了那些摊位。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“However,inJune,hegraduatedwithabachelor’sdegreeinscienceandwasreadytoattendacourseforamaster’sdegree,provingthathiscourage,determinationandresilience(适应力)helpedhimgetoverdifficultiescausedbyhisvisualdisability.(然而，今年6月，他获得了理学学士学位，并准备攻读硕士学位，这证明了他的勇气、决心和韧性帮助他克服了视力障碍带来的困难。)”可知，Ang是努力的，他最终获得了学士学位并攻读硕士学位；根据文章第四段“Ontheonehand,AnghasmadesomenewadjustmentstothewritingrulesofBrailletobetterdealwiththemathcalculations.(一方面，Ang对盲文的书写规则做了一些新的调整，以更好地处理数学计算。)”可知，Ang能自己做出调整从而更好地进行数学计算说明他适应力强。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“However,inJune,hegraduatedwithabachelor’sdegreeinscienceandwasreadytoattendacourseforamaster’sdegree,provingthathiscourage,determinationandresilience(适应力)helpedhimgetoverdifficultiescausedbyhisvisualdisability.(然而，今年6月，他获得了理学学士学位，并准备攻读硕士学位，这证明了他的勇气、决心和韧性帮助他克服了视力障碍带来的困难。)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了有视力障碍的AngZiyu通过自己的勇气、决心和韧性完成了大学学习获得学位，并准备攻读硕士的故事。故A选项“失明学生凭借坚韧完成大学学业”适合作为本文最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystoPutDownYourSmartphoneFormostpeople,whentheywakeupinthemorning,thefirstthingtocometotheirmindistofindtheirsmartphone.____16____.Herearesomequickandeasywaystohandletheproblem.PickupanewspaperReadanewspaperandyouwillbesurprisedathowrelaxingitistoreadthroughtheday’snews.Wewillfindourattentionhasincreased.____17____.Don’tbeworriedaboutthecost.EventheNewYorkTimescostsonly$9aweek.Itoffersbothhomedeliveryanddigitalaccess.Listentotheradio____18____.Youwillbeamazedathowentertainingandhelpfulsomeradioprogramsstillcanbe.Moreimportantly,youwon’tbeattractedtothoseappsandwebsites.CutoffsocialmediatiesWeloveusingFacebookorXtocommunicatewithfriendsandrelations.Justcheckinatyourlunchbreakoratthegym.Andturnoffappandemailnotifications(通知)atsomeothertimesinanyotherplaces,soyouaren’tattractedbythem.____19____Today,itseemsnearlyimpossibletostayawayfromyourphonefor60minutes.However,whetherdiningathomeorout,stickto(坚持)no-devicepolicy.Whenhavingdinnerinarestaurantwithothers,tomakeyousticktoit,youcanplacephonesinthecenterofthetable.____20____.Thusnoonecanbreakthepolicy.A.SetasideyourphonesB.AndwewillenjoyreadingitC.StopseekingunimportantinformationD.TakeyouroldradiooutagainandplugitinE.SocialmediaaddictioncanbecompletelyavoidedF.YoucanalsohaveawaiterplacetheminsomeplacesG.Ifitisthesametoyou,itistimeforyoutoputyoursmartphonedown【答案】16.G17.B18.D19.A20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何远离手机的几种方法。【16题详析】前文“Formostpeople,whentheywakeupinthemorning,thefirstthingtocometotheirmindistofindtheirsmartphone.(对于大多数人来说，当他们早上醒来时，他们想到的第一件事就是拿起智能手机)”表示大多数人的一天以看手机开始，后文“Herearesomequickandeasywaystohandletheproblem.(这里有一些快速简单的方法来处理这个问题)”引出解决这个问题的方法，G选项“如果对你来说是一样的，那么是时候放下你的智能手机了”由面及点，说到每个人都有这样的情况，同时引出下文的方法，承上启下。故选G。【17题详析】前文“Readanewspaperandyouwillbesurprisedathowrelaxingitistoreadthroughtheday’snews.Wewillfindourattentionhasincreased.(读一份报纸，你会惊讶地发现阅读当天的新闻是多么的放松。我们会发现我们的注意力增加了)”表示我们可以通过读报纸来转移注意力，B选项“我们会喜欢读它的”引出这样做会引起我们的阅读乐趣，符合语境。故选B。【18题详析】标题“Listentotheradio(听收音机)”表示可以听收音机，D选项“把你的旧收音机拿出来，插上电源”表示我们可以将很久不用的收音机拿出来，符合本段主旨，同时引出下文提到的听收音机的收获。故选D。【19题详析】下文“Today,itseemsnearlyimpossibletostayawayfromyourphonefor60minutes.However,whetherdiningathomeorout,stickto(坚持)no-devicepolicy.(今天，离开手机60分钟几乎是不可能的。然而，无论是在家还是外出就餐，都要坚持不带手机的原则)”表示我们可以通过将手机放在一边来远离手机一段时间，A选项“把手机放在一边”符合语境。故选A。【20题详析】前文“Whenhavingdinnerinarestaurantwithothers,tomakeyousticktoit,youcanplacephonesinthecenterofthetable.(当你和别人在餐馆吃饭时，为了让你坚持下去，你可以把手机放在桌子的中央)”表明和别人吃饭时可以将手机放在餐桌中央，F选项“你也可以让服务员把它们放在一些地方”表示另外一种在吃饭时处理手机的方法，符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共四节，满分55分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。JimLovellisaformerNASAastronaut.He____21____intospacefourtimesintheGeminiandApolloprograms,whichmeanshespent700hoursinspace.Lovell,aClevelandnative,beganhis____22____intheU.S.Navybydoingnightlandingsinjets(喷气机)onaircraftcarriers(航空母舰).In1958,Lovell____23____theNavalAirTestCenter,andthenstartedseveralyearsof____24____fighteraircraft.Thejobwas____25____,fortheycouldlosetheirlives.ThenitwasNASA’sfirsttimetolookforastronautsintheearly1960samongtestpilots.Lovellwas____26____becauseofasmall____27____problemwithhisbody.____28____,hehadasecond____29____joiningNASAwhenanotherastronautselectionopenedup.Hewas_____30_____in1962.Later,heworkedasanastronautintheGeminiandApolloprograms.Lovell’slastmissionhadsomethingtodowithApollo13inApril,1970,whichwashissecondjourneytothemoon.Allappearedquite_____31_____untiltheeveningofApril13,whentheastronautswerejustadayawayfromlandingonthemoon.Afirestartedinsideanoxygentank,which_____32_____damagedpartofthespacecraftintheend.Themoonlandingmissionhadtobegivenup.Formostofthenextfourdays,thethreemenstayedveryclosetoeachotherintheundamagedlunarmodule—aspacecraftdesignedfortwomentolandonthemoon.Tosave_____33_____,onlythemostnecessarysystemswerekeptpoweredup.Themenwerecoldanduncomfortableandtheydealtwithproblemsthat_____34_____comingup.ButwiththehelpoftheMissionControl,theyarrivedsafelybackonEarthonApril17,1970.LovellretiredfromtheNavyandthespaceprogramin1973andheldaseriesofindustrypositionsafterwards.Healsoprovided_____35_____forthemovieApollo13basedonhisbookLostMoon.21.A.wandered B.jumped C.flew D.rushed22.A.career B.competition C.tour D.lesson23.A.putdown B.setup C.graduatedfrom D.stoodfor24.A.touching B.producing C.moving D.testing25.A.outdated B.dangerous C.pleasant D.tiring26.A.turneddown B.pickedup C.searchedfor D.sentfor27.A.cultural B.medical C.agricultural D.environmental28.A.Harmoniously B.Patiently C.Occasionally D.Luckily29.A.fightagainst B.discusswith C.matchwith D.tryfor30.A.chosen B.treated C.praised D.blamed31.A.joyful B.fine C.hard D.strange32.A.distantly B.rarely C.seriously D.uselessly33.A.energy B.space C.time D.money34.A.risked B.meant C.kept D.finished35.A.comfort B.safety C.power D.advice【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.B28.D29.D30.A31.B32.C33.A34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了前美国宇航局宇航员吉姆·洛弗尔的生平以及他在太空事业中做出的贡献。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在双子座和阿波罗计划中四次进入太空，这意味着他在太空中度过了700个小时。A.wandered漫游；B.jumped跳；C.flew飞；D.rushed冲。根据上文“JimLovellisaformerNASAastronaut.”可知，作为一名宇航员，应该飞入太空。故选C项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：洛弗尔是克利夫兰人，他在美国海军的职业生涯是从驾驶喷气式飞机在航空母舰上夜间着陆开始的。A.career事业；B.competition竞争；C.tour巡游；D.lesson课，教训。根据下文“intheU.S.Navybydoingnightlandingsinjets(喷气机)onaircraftcarriers(航空母舰)”可知，这里描述了洛弗尔事业的开始。故选A项。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：1958年，洛弗尔从海军航空测试中心毕业，然后开始了几年的战斗机测试。A.putdown放下；B.setup建立；C.graduatedfrom从……毕业；D.stoodfor代表。根据下文“theNavalAirTestCenter,andthenstartedseveralyearsof”可知，洛弗尔从海军航空测试中心毕业。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1958年，洛弗尔从海军航空测试中心毕业，然后开始了几年的战斗机测试。A.touching触摸；B.producing制造；C.moving移动；D.testing测试。根据下文“ThenitwasNASA’sfirsttimetolookforastronautsintheearly1960samongtestpilots.”可知，刚毕业后，他开始进行战斗机测试。故选D项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项工作很危险，因为他们可能会失去生命。A.outdated过期的；B.dangerous危险的；C.pleasant令人愉快的；D.tiring累人的。根据下文“fortheycouldlosetheirlives”可知，这份工作是危险的。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：洛弗尔因为身体上的一个小问题被拒绝了。A.turneddown拒绝；B.pickedup捡起；C.searchedfor寻找；D.sentfor派人去拿。根据下文“becauseofasmall________problemwithhisbody.”可知，由于身体问题，洛弗尔被拒绝了。故选A项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：洛弗尔因为身体上的一个小问题被拒绝了。A.cultural文化的；B.medical医学的；C.agricultural农业的；D.environmental环境的。根据下文“problemwithhisbody”可知，洛弗尔因为身体上的医学问题不合格，所以被拒绝。故选B项。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当另一次宇航员选拔开放时，他有了第二次加入美国宇航局的机会。A.Harmoniously和谐地；B.Patiently耐心地；C.Occasionally偶然地；D.Luckily幸运地。根据下文“hehadasecond________joiningNASAwhenanotherastronautselectionopenedup.”可知，后来，洛弗尔有了第二次机会，因此，他是幸运的。故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，当另一次宇航员选拔开放时，他有了第二次加入美国宇航局的机会。A.fightagainst抗击；B.discusswith与……讨论；C.matchwith与……匹配；D.tryfor试图获得，尝试。根据下文“joiningNASAwhenanotherastronautselectionopenedup”可知，另一次宇航员选拔开放时，他有了第二次机会。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他于1962年入选。A.chosen选择；B.treated对待，招待；C.praised表扬；D.blamed责怪。根据下文“Later,heworkedasanastronautintheGeminiandApolloprograms.”可知，第二次，他被选上了。故选A项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到4月13日晚上，一切都很好，宇航员们离登陆月球只有一天了。A.joyful欢乐的；B.fine好的；C.hard硬的；D.strange奇怪的。根据下文“Afirestartedinsideanoxygentank”可知，在大火开始之前，一切都看起来很好。故选B项。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个氧气罐内部起火，最终严重损坏了航天器的一部分。A.distantly遥远地；B.rarely罕见地；C.seriously严重地；D.uselessly没用地。根据上文“Afirestartedinsideanoxygentank”可知，一场大火严重损坏了航天器的一部分。故选C项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了节约能源，只有最必要的系统才通电。A.energy能量，能源；B.space空间；C.time时间；D.money金钱。根据下文“onlythemostnecessarysystemswerekeptpoweredup”可知，只在必要的时候才通电是为了节约能源。故选A项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：宇航员们又冷又难受，他们要处理不断出现的问题。A.risked冒险；B.meant意味着；C.kept保持，一直；D.finished完成。根据前文“Themenwerecoldanduncomfortableandtheydealtwithproblems”可知，几个宇航员要处理不断出现的问题。故选C项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还为改编自自己的小说《迷失的月亮》的电影《阿波罗13号》提供了建议。A.comfort安慰；B.safety安全；C.power能量；D.advice建议。根据下文“forthemovieApollo13basedonhisbookLostMoon.”可知，洛弗尔为根据自己的小说改编的电影提供了建议。故选D项。第二节单词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)根据要求在空白处填入正确的单词，每空一词(答案处要求写出全部单词，包括首字母)。A．根据首字母写出该单词的正确形式。36.AfterTomm______thetable,heknewexactlyhowlargeitwas.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】measured【详析】考查动词时态。句意：汤姆量过桌子后，他确切地知道它有多大。空处作从句的谓语，根据heknewexactlyhowlargeitwas.及首字母m可知，单词为measure，意思为：测量，此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填measured。37.Av______isanareaoflowlandbetweenhillsormountains,oftenwithariverflowingthroughit.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】valley【详析】考查名词。句意：山谷是丘陵或山脉之间的低地，通常有河流流过。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据句意和所给首字母，应是valley意为“山谷”，根据A可知，用单数形式。故填valley。38.Thei______personorthingforaparticulartaskorpurposeisthebestpossiblepersonorthingforit.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】ideal【详析】考查形容词。句意：对于某一特定任务或目的而言，理想的人或事物是最适合它的人或事物。根据句子中“isthebestpossiblepersonorthingforit”可知，“理想的”人或事物是最适合的人或事物，结合首字母提示可知，用形容词ideal作定语，意为“理想的，最佳的”。故填ideal。B．根据汉语提示写出该单词的正确形式。39.Whenpeople______(互动)withcomputers,informationorinstructionsareexchanged.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】interact【详析】考查动词。句意：当人们与计算机交互时，信息或指令被交换。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句中缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据所给中文提示词，应是interact意为“互动”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为集体名词，为复数。故填interact。40.Blackcoffeeleavesa______(苦的，有苦味的)tasteinthemouth.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】bitter【详析】考查形容词。句意：黑咖啡在嘴里留下苦涩的味道。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词bitter，修饰名词taste，作定语。故填bitter。41.Dreamscanbearich__________（来源）ofinspirationforanartist.（根据汉语意思填空）【答案】source【详析】考查名词。句意：梦想是艺术家灵感的丰富来源。分析句子结构，不定冠词a修饰名词，设空处需填名词“来源”作表语，根据汉语提示，用source意为“来源”，由填不定冠词修饰，用单数。故填source。C．根据所给单词写出其正确形式。42.______(consume)canbuycarsfromwebsiteswithoutevergoingforatestdrive.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Consumers【详析】考查名词。句意：消费者无需试驾就可以从网上购车。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，consume的名词形式是consumer意为“消费者”，根据句意，用复数形式，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Consumers。43.Itisreportedthatthefactory________(typical)produces500chairsaweek.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】typically【详析】考查副词。句意：据报道，这家工厂通常每周生产500把椅子。分析句子结构可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰动词produces，typical的副词为typically“典型地，通常”。故填typically。44.Ithoughtthemanwasvery______(attraction)andobviouslyveryintelligent.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】attractive【详析】考查形容词。句意：我觉得这个男人很有魅力，显然也很聪明。空处与intelligent并列，作表语，用attraction对应的形容词attractive，意思为：吸引人的。故填attractive。45.Heseemedtothinkthatheshouldspeakasa______(represent)attheconference.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】representative【详析】考查名词。句意：他似乎认为他应该作为代表在会议上发言。空前是不定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，represent的名词形式是representative，根据a可知，用单数形式。故填representative。第三节单句语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(填入一个或一个以上的单词)46.Thehousehasbelonged________herfamilyforthreeorfourgenerations.(用适当的词填空)【答案】to【详析】考查