2026年初二词汇测试题及答案

2026年初二词汇测试题及答案

一、单项选择题，20分1.Theoppositeof“generous”is______.A.selfishB.cheerfulC.honestD.polite2.Whichwordmeans“ashortsleepduringtheday”?A.napB.dreamC.yawnD.snore3.Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthesentence:“Themountainwasso______thatclimbersneededoxygen.”A.highB.tallC.steepD.wide4.Ifyou“postpone”ameeting,you______it.A.cancelB.delayC.startD.shorten5.Thephrase“breakout”in“Afirebrokeoutlastnight”means______.A.beginsuddenlyB.destroycompletelyC.stopquicklyD.spreadslowly6.Whichwordisasynonymfor“rapid”?A.slowB.quickC.heavyD.calm7.Thepluralformof“leaf”is______.A.leafsB.leavesC.leavsD.leafes8.“Eco-friendly”productsaredesignedto______theenvironment.A.damageB.protectC.ignoreD.pollute9.Whichwordispronounced/θɪn/?A.thenB.thinC.thanD.they10.Thesentence“Shehasasharptongue”meansshespeaks______.A.kindlyB.softlyC.harshlyD.slowly二、填空题，20分11.Theadjectiveformof“danger”is______.12.Thepasttenseof“swim”is______.13.Apersonwhofliesanaircraftiscalleda______.14.Theword“library”hasthreesyllables;thestressedoneisthe______syllable.15.Thecomparativeformof“far”whentalkingaboutdistanceis______.16.Theword“unhappy”takestheprefix“un-”toshow______.17.Thecollectivenounforagroupofwolvesisa______ofwolves.18.Theword“photograph”endswiththeGreekroot“-graph”whichmeans______.19.Thehomophoneof“sea”is______.20.Theabbreviationfor“December”whenwritingdatesis______.三、判断题，20分21.“Advice”isacountablenoun.22.Theword“knight”startswithasilentletter.23.“Little”hasthesamecomparativeformas“small”.24.Theword“run”canbebothaverbandanoun.25.“Sheep”changesto“sheeps”intheplural.26.Themainstressin“banana”isonthesecondsyllable.27.“Fast”isanadverbin“Herunsfast”.28.Theword“scissors”isalwaysusedinthesingularform.29.“Alotof”canbeusedwithbothcountableanduncountablenouns.30.Theword“yesterday”canfunctionasanadverboftime.四、简答题，20分31.Explainthedifferencebetween“say”and“tell”andgiveoneexampleofeach.32.Whatistherulefordoublingthefinalconsonantwhenadding“-ing”toshortverbs?Providetwoexamples.33.Describethedifferenceinmeaningbetween“mustn’t”and“don’thaveto”.34.Howdoesthesuffix“-less”changethemeaningofaword?Givetwoexamples.五、讨论题，20分35.DiscusswhyEnglishspellingoftenseemsirregularandgiveatleastthreereasonswithexamples.36.Somewordschangetheirmeaningcompletelywhentheybecomeverbs(e.g.,“book”asnounvs.verb).Discussthisphenomenonwithfourexamples.37.Englishborrowsheavilyfromotherlanguages.ChoosethreeloanwordsinEnglishandexplaintheiroriginsandoriginalmeanings.38.Synonymsrarelyhaveexactlythesamemeaning.Discussthedifferencesamong“start”,“begin”,and“commence”intermsofusageandregister.答案与解析一、1A2A3C4B5A6B7B8B9B10C二、11dangerous12swam13pilot14first15farther16negation17pack18write/record19see20Dec.三、21×22√23×24√25×26√27√28×29√30√四、31“Say”focusesonthewordsspokenandisfollowedbyaclausewithorwithout“to”;“tell”needsanindirectobject.Example:Shesaid(tohim),“I’mlate.”/Shetoldhimshewaslate.32Iftheverbisonesyllable,endsCVC,andthestressisonthelastsyllable,doublethefinalconsonant:run→running,swim→swimming.33“Mustn’t”expressesprohibition:Youmustn’tsmokehere.“Don’thaveto”showslackofobligation:Youdon’thavetowearauniform.34“-less”means“without”:hopeless=withouthope;homeless=withoutahome.五、35Englishspellingreflectsolderpronunciations(knight),preservesetymology(debtfromLatindebitum),andabsorbedforeignspellings(balletfromFrench).Theselayerscreateapparentirregularity.36“Book”noun=printedwork;verb=reserve.“Head”noun=bodypart;verb=lead.“Plant”noun=greenorganism;verb=putseedsinsoil.“Ship”noun=largeboat;verb=sendgoods.37“Restaurant”comesfromFrench“restaurer”meaning“restore”;“tsunami”isJapanesefor“harborwave”;“algebra”derivesArabic“al-jabr”meaning“reunionof