甘肃省兰州市某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1甘肃省兰州市某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABarcelonahasstunningarchitecture,deliciousfood,sandybeaches,andrichhistory.Herearesomeofthetoppicksforvisitors:BestSegway:BarcelonaSegwayTourPrice:Adults49euros;minors(under18)45eurosDuration:2-2.5hoursExploreBarcelona’swaterfrontviaSegwayonthis8-miletour.ToursdepartfromtheArcdeTriomfmultipletimeseachday.Tour-goersmustbeatleast16yearsoldtoparticipateandmustpresentvalidphotoIDforageverification(验证).Groupsarelimitedtosixparticipants.BestGaudí:GaudíFreeTourPrice:FreeDuration:2.5hoursTheGaudíFreeTourhighlightsdistinctivesitesaroundthecityassociatedwiththeimaginativearchitectAntoniGaudí.ThewalkingtourincludesstopsatPalauGüell,CasaBatlló,CasaMilà,andyet-to-be-finished,SagradaFamilia,amongotherspots.BestforPhotos:PhotoBikeTourBarcelonaPrice:Adults65euros;kids(under12)45eurosDuration:4hoursThiselectricbicyclingtourcoversalotofterritory,fromthewaterfronttoparkstocelebratedlandmarkstovariousneighborhoodswithfrequentstopsforphotosandtipsfromyourexpertguide.BestGothicQuarter:WalkingToursGothicQuarterPrice:FreeDuration:2.5hoursTheFreeGothicQuarterTourexploresitsnamesakeneighborhoodandweavesthroughpopulardestinationsinthecity,includingstructureslikeRomanruins,thePicassomuralsandLasRamblas(Barcelona’sbest-knownboulevard),amongotherspots.ToursbeginatPlaçadeCatalunyaat11a.m.and3p.m.daily.1.WhowillbeallowedtojointheBestSegwaytour?A.A15-year-oldwithparents. B.Agroupof8collegestudents.C.Afamilywithtwo12-year-olds. D.A17-year-oldteenagerwithID.2.Whichtourcombinescyclingwithphotographyadvice?A.BestSegway:BarcelonaSegwayTour B.BestGaudí:GaudíFreeTourC.BestforPhotos:PhotoBikeTourBarcelona D.BestGothicQuarter:WalkingToursGothicQuarter3.WhatdoGaudíandGothicQuartertourshaveincommon?A.Bothprovideelectricbikesfortransportation.B.BothincludevisitstoRoman-erahistoricalsites.C.Bothrequireparticipantstobeover16yearsold.D.Botharewalkingtoursfeaturingarchitecturalhighlights.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了巴塞罗那的四个最佳旅游项目。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据BestSegway:BarcelonaSegwayTour部分中“Tour-goersmustbeatleast16yearsoldtoparticipateandmustpresentvalidphotoIDforageverification(验证).(参加者必须年满16岁，并出示有效的带照片的身份证明进行年龄验证)”并结合选项可知，允许17岁有身份证的青少年参加BestSegwaytour。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据BestforPhotos:PhotoBikeTourBarcelona部分中“Thiselectricbicyclingtourcoversalotofterritory,fromthewaterfronttoparkstocelebratedlandmarkstovariousneighborhoodswithfrequentstopsforphotosandtipsfromyourexpertguide.(这次电动自行车之旅涵盖了从海滨到公园，从著名的地标到各个街区的很多地方，途中会经常停下来拍照，导游也会给出一些小贴士)”可知，BestforPhotos:PhotoBikeTourBarcelona结合了骑自行车和摄影建议。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据BestGaudí:GaudíFreeTour部分中“TheGaudíFreeTourhighlightsdistinctivesitesaroundthecityassociatedwiththeimaginativearchitectAntoniGaudí.ThewalkingtourincludesstopsatPalauGüell,CasaBatlló,CasaMilà,andyet-to-be-finished,SagradaFamilia,amongotherspots.(GaudíFreeTour突出了与富有想象力的建筑师AntoniGaudí相关的城市特色地点。步行之旅包括在桂尔宫、巴特罗之家、米拉之家以及圣家堂等景点停留)”以及BestGothicQuarter:WalkingToursGothicQuarter部分中“TheFreeGothicQuarterTourexploresitsnamesakeneighborhoodandweavesthroughpopulardestinationsinthecity，includingstructureslikeRomanruins，thePicassomuralsandLasRamblas(Barcelona’sbest-knownboulevard),amongotherspots.(TheFreeGothicQuarterTour探索了与其同名的街区，并贯穿了城市中的热门目的地，包括罗马遗迹、毕加索壁画和LasRamblas(巴塞罗那最著名的林荫大道)等景点)”可知，Gaudí和GothicQuarter两个旅游项目的共同之处是都是步行游览，且都以建筑为亮点。故选D。BWhen15-year-oldPriyaJoshivisitedhergrandparents’poorIndianvillage,shewasshockedtoseestudentsstrugglingtostudyunderdimkerosenelamps(煤油灯),whichcreateddangerousindoorairpollutionandprovidedonly1%ofmodernLED’sbrightness.“Thesmokehurttheireyesandtheunstablelightcausedheadaches,”recallsPriya,nowanengineeringstudentatMIT.Thistroublingobservationinspiredhertocreateasolution.Consideringallkindsofspecificproblemsinthelocalarea,Priyaspentmonthsexploringthebestwaytodeliverlightingsolutionstostudents.Priyabeganexperimentingwithsolar-poweredstudylamps.Herbreakthroughcamewhensherepurposedoldschoolnotebooksbyembeddingflexiblesolarpanelsintotheircovers.Thisdual-functiondesignincreasedlightoutputby15timescomparedtokerosenelampswhilereducingcarbonemissionsby2kgperunitannually.“Itchargesinsunlightduringthedayandprovidesreadinglightatnight,”sheexplains.Herproject’struecreativitylayinitssustainabledistributionmodel.Priyapartneredwithlocalwomen’scooperativestomanufacturethenotebooks,creatingvaluableemploymentopportunities.Meanwhile,studentscouldearnnotebooksbycollectingrecyclablematerialsfromtheircommunities.Theresultsweretransformative.“We’veseena30%improvementinschoolattendancesincestudentscouldstudyaftersunset,”reportedteacherAnikaPatel.Fromitsbeginningsasasimplescienceproject,Priya’sinventionnowbrightensthelivesofover10,000familiesacross42villages.Anunexpectedbenefitemergedwhenvillageeldersbeganusingthenotebookstorecordtraditionalfolktalesandrecipesthathadpreviouslyonlybeenpasseddownorally,helpingpreservevaluableculturalheritage.Recently,PriyahasadaptedherdesignincollaborationwithUNICEFtohelprefugeechildren.Fieldtestsinthreerefugee(难民)campsshowedthemodifiedversionreducedstudyinterruptionsby65%comparedtopreviouslightingSolutions.“Thesametechnologythatassistsruralstudentsisnowsupportingthosedisplacedbyconflict,”shenotes.4.WhatdirectlyinspiredPriya’sinvention?A.Thehealthandstudychallengessheobserved.B.Auniversityresearchprojectonruraleducation.C.Herparticipationinaschoolsciencecompetition.D.Herdesiretoexperimentwithmoderntechnology.5.WhatwasthekeytoPriya’sdesignsuccess?A.Usingsolarenergyforlighting.B.Creatingwaterproofnotebookcovers.C.Implantingsolarpanelsintonotebooks.D.Designingnotebookswithrecycledmaterials.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPriya’sproblem-solvingapproach?A.Itprioritizeshightechnology.B.Itcombinessciencewithsocialneeds.C.Itbalancescreativitywithfinancialgains.D.Itfocusesmerelyonenvironmentalprotection.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribePriya?A.Ambitiousandstrict. B.Patientandhumorous.C.Traditionalandcautious. D.Observantandinnovative.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了15岁的PriyaJoshi在访问她祖父母所在的贫穷印度村庄时，看到学生们在煤油灯下艰难学习的情景，从而受到启发并创造了一种太阳能学习灯的解决方案。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When15-year-oldPriyaJoshivisitedhergrandparents’poorIndianvillage,shewasshockedtoseestudentsstrugglingtostudyunderdimkerosenelamps(煤油灯),whichcreateddangerousindoorairpollutionandprovidedonly1%ofmodernLED’sbrightness.“Thesmokehurttheireyesandtheunstablelightcausedheadaches,”recallsPriya,nowanengineeringstudentatMIT.Thistroublingobservationinspiredhertocreateasolution.(15岁的PriyaJoshi拜访祖父母所在的印度贫困村庄时，震惊地发现学生们在昏暗的煤油灯下艰难学习——这种灯不仅造成危险的室内空气污染，亮度仅为现代LED灯的1%。“油烟刺痛他们的眼睛，不稳定的光线导致头痛，”如今已是麻省理工学院工程系学生的Priya回忆道。这一令人担忧的景象促使她决心寻找解决方案。)”可知，Priya在印度村庄目睹学生因煤油灯的烟雾伤眼、光线不稳定导致头痛和学习困难，使她产生发明的灵感。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Herbreakthroughcamewhensherepurposedoldschoolnotebooksbyembeddingflexiblesolarpanelsintotheircovers.(她的突破来自于对旧学校笔记本的改造：将柔性太阳能板嵌入封面。)”可知，Priya设计成功的关键在于将太阳能板嵌入笔记本封面这一创新，这一设计实现了功能突破。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Consideringallkindsofspecificproblemsinthelocalarea,Priyaspentmonthsexploringthebestwaytodeliverlightingsolutionstostudents.(考虑到当地的各种具体问题，Priya花了数月时间探索为学生提供照明方案的最佳方式。)”以及第三段“Priyapartneredwithlocalwomen’scooperativestomanufacturethenotebooks,creatingvaluableemploymentopportunities.(Priya与当地妇女合作社合作生产这种笔记本，创造了宝贵的就业机会。)”可知，Priya既通过科学设计解决照明问题，又结合社会需求设计可持续模式。她的方法将科学技术与社会实际需求相结合。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When15-year-oldPriyaJoshivisitedhergrandparents’poorIndianvillage,shewasshockedtoseestudentsstrugglingtostudyunderdimkerosenelamps(煤油灯),whichcreateddangerousindoorairpollutionandprovidedonly1%ofmodernLED’sbrightness.“Thesmokehurttheireyesandtheunstablelightcausedheadaches,”recallsPriya,nowanengineeringstudentatMIT.Thistroublingobservationinspiredhertocreateasolution.(15岁的PriyaJoshi拜访祖父母所在的印度贫困村庄时，震惊地发现学生们在昏暗的煤油灯下艰难学习——这种灯不仅造成危险的室内空气污染，亮度仅为现代LED灯的1%。“油烟刺痛他们的眼睛，不稳定的光线导致头痛，”如今已是麻省理工学院工程系学生的Priya回忆道。这一令人担忧的景象促使她决心寻找解决方案。)”可知，Priya通过观察发现问题，说明她善于观察；再根据第二段“Herbreakthroughcamewhensherepurposedoldschoolnotebooksbyembeddingflexiblesolarpanelsintotheircovers.(她的突破来自于对旧学校笔记本的改造：将柔性太阳能板嵌入封面。)”可知，她有创新精神。故选D。CModernecologyhasrevolutionizedourunderstandingofforests.Nolongerseenaspassivecollectionsoftrees,theyarenowrecognizedasdynamiccommunitiesconnectedbyvastundergroundfungal(真菌的)networkscalledthe“WoodWideWeb”.Thesecomplexmycorrhizal(菌根)systemsenabletreestoexchangenutrients,transmitdangersignals,recognizerelationship,andevenpassonsurvivalstrategies—capabilitiesthatredefinetraditionalconceptsofplantbehavior.Themostconvincingevidencecomesfroma2022NaturestudyinBritishColumbia’sancientforests.Researchersdiscoveredthat“mothertrees”—matureDouglasfirs—prioritizetheirownseedlings,directing15%morecarbontothemthantounrelatedyoungtrees.Whenbeetlesattack,theaffectedtreesreleasechemicalsignalsthroughthefungalnetwork,remindingneighboringtreeswithin30meterstoactivatedefensiveresponseswithintwodays—aprocessnotablysimilartoimmunereactionsinanimals.Remarkably,thesefungalnetworksmayalsohelptrees“remember”pastexperiences.Treesthatsurvivedroughts“teach”theiroffspringthroughthefungalconnections,resultinginsubsequentgenerationsdevelopingdeeperrootsandmoreefficientwaterconservationmethods.Thiscross-generationalmemory,encodedinexchangedproteinsandchemicalsignals,representsaformofcollectiveintelligence.However,thisdelicatecommunicationsystemfacesseriousthreats.Industrialloggingdestroysfungalnetworks,withstudiesshowingclearedareasneed15yearstorecovertoreestablish60%oforiginalnetworkdensity.Furthermore,climatechangeaggravatesthedamage:risingtemperaturesinAlbertahavereducedmycorrhizaldiversityby30%since2000.“We’renotjustlosingtreesindividually,butwe’redestroyinganancientbiologicalinternetseverely,”warnsUniversityofBritishColumbiaecologistDr.SuzanneSimard,whose30-yearresearchsupportsthesefindings.Thesediscoveriesarechanginghowweviewforests.Somescientistsarguetheyshowaformof“plantintelligence”,whilelegalexpertsdebategivingforestsspecialprotections.Swedenhasalreadytakenaction,requiringloggerstoprotectkey“mothertrees”topreservethenetwork.8.Whydothetreesgiveoffchemicalsignalswhenattacked?A.Toidentifygeneticrelationships.B.Tostoredroughtsurvivalstrategies.C.Toinformneighborsofdefensivepreparations.D.Tospeedupthecarbontransferamongthetrees.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“cross-generationalmemory”fromParagraph3?A.Itfadesinashorttime. B.Itleadstoproteinexchange.C.Itreliesonroot-to-rootcontact. D.Ithelpspassdownsurvivalskills.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aggravates”meaninparagraph4?A.Analyzes. B.Worsens. C.Records. D.Relieves.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Theintelligentnetworkamongtrees. B.Theemergingthreatstoforestecosystems.C.Thedestructiveeffectsofclimateonforests. D.Theimportantroleofmothertreesinforests.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了现代生态学揭示森林是通过真菌网络连接的动态群落，其能交流、传递记忆，但该系统受工业伐木和气候变化威胁。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenbeetlesattack,theaffectedtreesreleasechemicalsignalsthroughthefungalnetwork,remindingneighboringtreeswithin30meterstoactivatedefensiveresponseswithintwodays—aprocessnotablysimilartoimmunereactionsinanimals.(当出现虫害时，受影响的树木会通过真菌网络释放化学信号，提醒30米范围内的相邻树木在两天内启动防御反应——这一过程与动物的免疫反应极为相似)”可知，树木在受到攻击时释放化学信号是为了通知相邻树木做好防御准备。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Remarkably,thesefungalnetworksmayalsohelptrees“remember”pastexperiences.Treesthatsurvivedroughts“teach”theiroffspringthroughthefungalconnections,resultinginsubsequentgenerationsdevelopingdeeperrootsandmoreefficientwaterconservationmethods.Thiscross-generationalmemory,encodedinexchangedproteinsandchemicalsignals,representsaformofcollectiveintelligence.(值得注意的是，这些真菌网络或许还能帮助树木“铭记”过往经验。熬过干旱的树木会通过菌丝网络向后代“传授”生存之道，促使新生代树木发展出更深的根系与更高效的水分保持机制。这种通过交换蛋白质和化学信号形成的“跨代记忆”，展现了一种群体智慧形态)”可知，“跨代记忆”有助于传承生存技能。故选D。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Industrialloggingdestroysfungalnetworks,withstudiesshowingclearedareasneed15yearstorecovertoreestablish60%oforiginalnetworkdensity.(工业性伐木会破坏菌类网络结构，研究表明，被砍伐的区域需要15年的时间才能恢复到能够重建原始网络密度60%的状态)”以及后文“risingtemperaturesinAlbertahavereducedmycorrhizaldiversityby30%since2000.(自2000年以来，艾伯塔省不断上升的气温使菌根多样性减少了30%)”可知，气候变化让这种破坏变得更糟了。故划线词aggravates意思是“变得更糟”，与B项“Worsens”同义。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Modernecologyhasrevolutionizedourunderstandingofforests.Nolongerseenaspassivecollectionsoftrees,theyarenowrecognizedasdynamiccommunitiesconnectedbyvastundergroundfungal(真菌的)networkscalledthe“WoodWideWeb”.Thesecomplexmycorrhizal(菌根)systemsenabletreestoexchangenutrients,transmitdangersignals,recognizerelationship,andevenpassonsurvivalstrategies—capabilitiesthatredefinetraditionalconceptsofplantbehavior.(它们不再被视为单纯的树木集合体，而是被视作相互关联的动态群体，这些群体通过名为“森林广域网”的庞大地下真菌网络相连。这些复杂的菌根系统使树木能够交换养分、传递危险信号、识别彼此的关系，并甚至传递生存策略——这些能力彻底改变了人们对植物行为的传统认知)”后文可知，文章主要说明了现代生态学揭示森林是通过真菌网络连接的动态群落，其能交流、传递记忆，但该系统受工业伐木和气候变化威胁，所以，这篇文章的主旨是树木之间的智能网络。故选A。DTheboomofartificialintelligencehassparkedawaveofnewpossibilities,butit’salsocausingfearsamongmanyAmericansabouttheirjobs.Recentsurveysindicategrowingpublicanxiety,with51%ofAmericansexpressingconcernthatAImightreplacehumanjobs,whichreflectsthegroundbreakingpowerofAIacrossvariousindustries.Researchhighlightsnotabledifferencesinperceptionbetweenexpertsandthegeneralpublic.While73%ofrespondentsbelievecashierpositionswilldeclineduetoAI,and67%anticipatereductionsinfactoryjobs,opinionsvarysharplyregardingtruckdrivers.Only33%ofthepublicforeseesjoblossesinthissector,comparedto62%ofAlexpertswhopredictsubstantialimpacts.ThisgapsuggeststhatthepublicmayunderestimateAl'spotentialtodisruptcertainprofessions.AcrucialdistinctionexistsbetweentraditionalautomationandmodernAlcapabilities.AsMollyKinderfromtheBrookingsInstitutionsays,someoftheseopinionsareconfusingoldautomationwithwhatgenerativeAIcando.“GenerativeAIisnotyourgrandparents’automation.It’smovinguptheskillchain...inwaysIdon’tthinkthepublicisfullyawareof.”Unlikeearliertechnologiesthatprimarilyaffectedmanufacturing,contemporaryAIcanperformcomplexcognitivetaskssuchasdocumentanalysis,legalresearch,andfinancialforecasting—functionstraditionallyassociatedwithwhite-collarprofessionals.Studiesidentifyseveralvulnerablesectors,includingofficeadministration,legalservices,andfinancialoperations.However,researcherscautionagainstsimplisticpredictionsofjobelimination(淘汰).MarkMuro,co-authorofaBrookingsreport,notes,“AIismorelikelytotransformjobsthanreplacethementirely.”Thisperspectivesuggeststhatwhilecertaintasksmaybeautomated,newopportunitiesforhuman-AIcollaborationmayemerge.TheadoptionofAIhasbeenslowerthanexpectedinregulatedfieldslikehealthcareandlaw,wherehumanjudgmentremainscrucial.Nevertheless,asMITprofessorEricSoobserves,“AI’scapabilitiesareevolvingatanunprecedentedpace.”Frombasicchatbotstosophisticateddecision-makingsystems,AIcontinuestoreshapetheworkplace,creatingbothchallengesandpossibilitiesthatsocietymustcarefullynavigate.12.Whichprofessionshowsthelargestdifferenceinperception?A.Cashiers. B.Truckdrivers.C.Factoryworkers. D.Legalprofessionals.13.WhatdoesMollyKinderemphasizeaboutgenerativeAI?A.Itislimitedtosimplerepetitivetasks. B.Itprimarilyaffectsmanufacturingjobs.C.Itcanperformcomplexcognitivetasks. D.Ithasbeenwidelyadoptedinhealthcare.14.WhatisMarkMuro’sviewonAI'simpactonjobs?A.AIwillcreatemorejobsthaniteliminates.B.AIislikelytoshiftratherthanreplacejobs.C.AIwillcompletelyreplacehumanworkers.D.AIwillhavenosignificantimpactonemployment.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofAI?A.Objective. B.Supportive.C.Dismissive. D.Doubtful.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能的兴起引发新可能的同时也让美国人担忧工作，介绍了公众和专家对不同职业受影响的看法差异，还分析了人工智能对工作的影响。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“While73%ofrespondentsbelievecashierpositionswilldeclineduetoAI,and67%anticipatereductionsinfactoryjobs,opinionsvarysharplyregardingtruckdrivers.Only33%ofthepublicforeseesjoblossesinthissector,comparedto62%ofAIexpertswhopredictsubstantialimpacts.(虽然73%的受访者认为收银员职位会因人工智能而减少，67%的人预计工厂职位会减少，但在卡车司机方面，人们的看法差异很大。只有33%的公众预计该行业会出现失业，而62%的人工智能专家预测会有重大影响)”可知，在收银员、工厂工人、卡车司机这几个职业中，公众和专家对卡车司机岗位的看法差异最大。文中未提及法律专业人员在这方面的看法差异情况。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unlikeearliertechnologiesthatprimarilyaffectedmanufacturing,contemporaryAIcanperformcomplexcognitivetaskssuchasdocumentanalysis,legalresearch,andfinancialforecasting—functionstraditionallyassociatedwithwhite-collarprofessionals.(与主要影响制造业的早期技术不同，当代人工智能可以执行复杂的认知任务，如文档分析、法律研究和财务预测——这些功能传统上与白领专业人员相关联)”可知，MollyKinder强调生成式人工智能可以执行复杂的认知任务。故选C。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“MarkMuro,co-authorofaBrookingsreport,notes,“AIismorelikelytotransformjobsthanreplacethementirely.”(布鲁金斯学会报告的合著者MarkMuro指出：“人工智能更有可能改变工作，而不是完全取代它们。”)”可知，MarkMuro认为人工智能更有可能改变工作，而不是完全取代它们，即人工智能可能会转移而不取代工作。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。文章在第一段中“Theboomofartificialintelligencehassparkedawaveofnewpossibilities,butit’salsocausingfearsamongmanyAmericansabouttheirjobs.(人工智能的蓬勃发展引发了一系列新的可能性，但也在许多美国人中引发了对工作的担忧)”提到人工智能带来新机遇的同时也带来了担忧；在第四段中“MarkMuro,co-authorofaBrookingsreport,notes,“AIismorelikelytotransformjobsthanreplacethementirely.”(布鲁金斯学会报告的合著者MarkMuro指出：“人工智能更有可能改变工作，而不是完全取代它们。”)”和最后一段中“Frombasicchatbotstosophisticateddecision-makingsystems,AIcontinuestoreshapetheworkplace,creatingbothchallengesandpossibilitiesthatsocietymustcarefullynavigate.(从基本的聊天机器人到复杂的决策系统，人工智能继续重塑工作场所，创造了社会必须谨慎应对的挑战和可能性)”提到人工智能的发展带来挑战和机遇。作者在文中既提及人工智能的积极影响，也提到其带来的问题，客观地呈现了人工智能发展带来的挑战和机遇。由此可推断作者对人工智能发展的态度是客观的。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Allparentswanttogivetheirchildrenagoodlife.Manyparentsmicromanagetheirchildrenfromanytypeofhardship.___16___.Topreparechildrenfortheadultworld,ensuretheycannavigatelife’schallenges.Herearesomewaystoachieveit.Praisethemfortheireffort___17___.Fromtimetotime,eventhebrightestmindswillfacefailures.Hardwork,perseverance,andorganizationarealladmirabletraitslinkedwithachievement.Whenwepraiseindividualsbasedonthosequalities,wecreateagrowthmindset,allowingthemtoseethefruitsoftheirlaborcomingfromtheeffortappliedasopposedtointelligence.___18___Weallknowparentshoveringnearbyreadytorescueandparentsclearingthepathentirely.Thoughwell-intentioned,bothriskraisinglessresilient(有适应力的)children.Theoutcomecanbethatyoungadultsareill-equippedforreal-worldchallenges.Soifyourchildrenforgettheirhomework,resisttheurgetofetchitforthem.Lettingthemfacetheconsequencesteachesafarmorevaluablelesson.LetthemhandletheirownconflictssometimesIfthereiseveranincidentwhereyourchildargueswithapeer,justaskyourself:DoIreallyneedtointervene?Actually,onenegativeinteractiondoesnotalwaysdeservetheinterventionofacaregiverandisarealityofgrowingup.Insteadofjumpingin,parentscancoachachildtosaysomethinglike“That’snotOK—don’ttalktomelikethat.”___19___.SpeakwiththemabouthowtheyarefeelingIt’scommonforparent-childconversationstogonodeeperthanasimple“Fine”or“Okay”.Trytoconnectwiththembyaskingopen-endedquestionslike“Whatwassomethingthatmadeyoulaughtoday?”___20___.Whenchildrenopenuptheirconcerns,parentscanprovidereassurance.Thus,theycannavigatetheworldwithconfidenceandparentscanworkonbuildingasolidfoundationforresilience.A.AllowthemtostruggleattimesB.IthelpsbuildemotionalfluencyC.EncouragethemtoreviewmistakesD.Beingsmartisn’tenoughtoguaranteesuccessE.ThisempowersthemwhilestillofferingguidanceF.YourchildrenmightberepeatedlyreceivingnegativecommentsG.However,thiscanoftenrobchildrenofcriticalopportunitiestogrowup【答案】16.G17.D18.A19.E20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了父母过度保护孩子的问题，并提出了一些建议，如表扬孩子的努力、允许孩子适当挣扎、让孩子自己处理冲突以及与孩子深入交流情感，以培养孩子的适应力和自信心。【16题详析】上文“Allparentswanttogivetheirchildrenagoodlife.Manyparentsmicromanagetheirchildrenfromanytypeofhardship.(所有的父母都想给孩子一个好的生活。许多父母对孩子进行微观管理，让他们远离任何困难。)”说明了父母对孩子的过度保护；G选项“However,thiscanoftenrobchildrenofcriticalopportunitiestogrowup(然而，这往往会剥夺孩子成长的关键机会)”与上文形成转折关系，指出过度保护会剥夺孩子成长的机会，符合题意。故选G。【17题详析】下文“Fromtimetotime,eventhebrightestmindswillfacefailures.Hardwork,perseverance,andorganizationarealladmirabletraitslinkedwithachievement.(即使是最聪明的人也会不时面临失败。努力工作、坚持不懈和组织能力都是与成就相关的令人钦佩的品质。)”说明了仅仅聪明并不能保证成功，还需要其他品质；D选项“Beingsmartisn’tenoughtoguaranteesuccess(仅仅聪明并不能保证成功)”与下文相呼应，指出聪明不是成功的唯一因素，符合题意。故选D。【18题详析】下文“Weallknowparentshoveringnearbyreadytorescueandparentsclearingthepathentirely.Thoughwell-intentioned,bothriskraisinglessresilient(有适应力的)children.(我们都知道父母在附近随时准备救援，父母完全为孩子扫清道路。虽然出于好意，但这两种做法都有可能培养出适应力较差的孩子。)”说明了父母过度保护孩子的两种情况带来的结果即可能培养出适应力较差的孩子；A选项“Allowthemtostruggleattimes(允许他们有时挣扎)”与下文形成对比，指出父母应该允许孩子面对困难，学会挣扎，从而培养适应力，符合题意。故选A。【19题详析】上文“Insteadofjumpingin,parentscancoachachildtosaysomethinglike‘That’snotOK——don’ttalktomelikethat.’(父母不要插手，可以引导孩子说‘这样不行——别这样跟我说话。’)”说明了父母在孩子与同伴发生冲突时应该如何引导；E选项“Thisempowersthemwhilestillofferingguidance(这既赋予了他们力量，又提供了指导)”与上文相呼应，this指代前文的父母的引导，强调父母的引导既让孩子学会自己处理问题，又给予了他们支持，符合题意。故选E。【20题详析】上文“Trytoconnectwiththembyaskingopen-endedquestionslike‘Whatwassomethingthatmadeyoulaughtoday?’(试着通过问一些开放性的问题来与他们建立联系，比如‘今天有什么事情让你笑了？’)”说明了父母可以通过开放性问题与孩子进行深入的交流；B选项“Ithelpsbuildemotionalfluency(这有助于建立情感流畅性)”与上文相呼应，指出深入的交流有助于孩子表达情感，建立情感流畅性，符合题意。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Havingachildthatisnonverbalorspeech-delayedcanbefrustrating.It’salsoheartbreakingtoseetheminteractwithotherchildrenbut____21____toexpresstheirfullselves.So,whenachildwithautism(自闭症)makestheirfirstlanguage____22____,it’sasignificantmoment.PhotographerHaleyMcGuiresharedhersonMicah’swonderfulachievementintheFallof2020,andthe____23____videogotlikesover730,000times.Today,thevideo,whichstays____24____atthetopofMcGuire’spage,hasbeensharednearly30,000timesandstill____25____attentionandaffectionfromfollowersandviewers.ThefirstvideowasofMicahrepeatingthe____26____ofhisfamilymembersastheycheerinthebackground.EverytimeMicahgetsanameright,he____27____inexcitementandbeams(笑容满面)withpure____28____.“Micahhasalwaysbeenareallysweet,tender-hearted,quietkid,”McGuiresaid.“Hedoesn’ttalkmuchandalways____29____himself.However,he’salwaysbeenextremely____30____andcaring.Iknowthat’snotnecessarily____31____forkidswithautism.”Thevideoshave____32____alotofpeople’sheartsonlineandhavebeen____33____ofinspirationfortheMcGuirefamily.But,maybethebestpartisthattheyalsogivehopetofamiliesofchildrenwithautism,especiallythosewho____34____forthedaytheycanheartheirchildfirst____35____.21.A.volunteer B.intend C.fail D.wait22.A.barrier B.choice C.breakthrough D.profit23.A.inspiring B.disturbing C.amusing D.appealing24.A.wrapped B.informed C.typed D.fixed25.A.wastes B.requires C.deserves D.secures26.A.prizes B.names C.laughs D.greetings27.A.bounces B.wrestles C.stretches D.wanders28.A.pride B.innocence C.guilt D.regret29.A.laughsat B.knowsabout C.keepsto D.caresfor30.A.outgoing B.affectionate C.fashionable D.generous31.A.proper B.memorable C.gradual D.normal32.A.broken B.warmed C.frozen D.treated33.A.source B.trick C.cause D.method34.A.fight B.long C.make D.search35.A.scream B.weep C.speak D.interpret【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.D25.D26.B27.A28.A29.C30.B31.D32.B33.A34.B35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要说明了摄影师HaleyMcGuire分享自闭症儿子Micah首次开口叫家人名字的视频，感动众人，给类似家庭带来希望。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到他们与其他孩子互动却无法充分展现真实的自我，这也令人感到十分心痛。A.volunteer志愿；B.intend打算；C.fail失败；D.wait等待。根据上文“It’salsoheartbreakingtoseetheminteractwithotherchildren”可知，心痛是因为孩子不能表达真实自我，短语failto表示“未能……”。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，当一个患有自闭症的孩子在语言方面取得重大突破时，这无疑是一个重要的时刻。A.barrier障碍；B.choice选择；C.breakthrough突破；D.profit利润。根据后文“it’sasignificantmoment”可知，是重要的时刻推测是因为取得了重大突破。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：摄影师海莉·麦奎尔在2020年秋季分享了她儿子米卡的这一非凡成就，而这段鼓舞人心的视频获得了超过73万次的点赞。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.disturbing令人不安的；C.amusing有趣的；D.appealing吸引人的。根据上文“PhotographerHaleyMcGuiresharedhersonMicah’swonderfulachievement”可知，取得了非凡的成就，所以是鼓舞人心的视频，故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，这段视频一直固定在麦奎尔个人页面的顶部位置，其点击量已超过3万次，并且仍然能吸引并赢得粉丝和观众的关注与喜爱。A.wrapped包裹；B.informed通知；C.typed打字；D.fixed固定，修理。根据后文“atthetopofMcGuire’spage”指视频被固定在个人页面顶部，故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，这段视频一直固定在麦奎尔个人页面的顶部位置，其点击量已超过3万次，并且仍然能吸引并赢得粉丝和观众的关注与喜爱。A.wastes浪费；B.requires需要；C.deserves值得；D.secures获得。根据后文“attentionandaffectionfromfollowersandviewers”指视频获得粉丝和观众的关注与喜爱。故选D。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一段视频中，迈卡一遍又一遍地念着自己家人的名字，而他们则在背景中欢呼着。A.prizes奖品；B.names名字；C.laughs笑；D.greetings问候。根据后文“EverytimeMicahgetsanameright”可知，第一段视频中，迈卡一遍又一遍地念着自己家人的名字，故选B。【27题详析】考查动词词