高中英语选择性必修一Unit 4 Learning About Language 课后习题

SectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage一、单句语法填空1.I’msorrybutIforgot(tell)youthedateofthemeeting.

2.I’mlookingforwardtoyour(come).

3.Hedevotedallhislifeto(study)thewildlife.

4.Theideaiswellworth(consider).

5.Thenewswasso(encourage)thathemadeuphismindtokeeponit.

6.Iwouldn’tliketoattendthemeetingbecauseitis(bore).

7.Remember(call)mewhenyouarrive!

8.Ididn’tmean(eat)anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn’thelptryingit.

9.It’squitehottoday.Doyoufeellike(go)foraswim?

10.Istopped(dig)andlookedathim.

二、翻译句子1.这个新订单将意味着我们得再工作三天。__________________________________________________________________________________2.这是一个有趣的俱乐部,许多人都想加入它。__________________________________________________________________________________3.他什么也不说只是继续干活。__________________________________________________________________________________4.到了你该戒烟的时候了。__________________________________________________________________________________5.火灾后,一群人正在忙着做评定。__________________________________________________________________________________三、完形填空Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore1thanwerealise.Infact,non-verbalcommunicationtakesupabout50%ofwhatwereally2.Andbodylanguageisparticularly3whenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures.Indeed,whatiscalledbodylanguageissomuchapartofusthatit’sactuallyoftenunnoticed.Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.4,differentsocietiestreatthe5betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving6contactevenwithfriends,andcertainlynotwith7.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries,ontheotherhand,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it’spossiblethatin8,itmaylooklikeaLatinois9aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving10.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeepbackingaway—whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas11.

Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeople12.Andwhenpeoplefromdifferentculturesgettogether,there’sastrongpossibilityof13.Butinanycase,thebest14istoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobe15.

1.A.sounds B.invitationsC.feelings D.messages2.A.hope B.receiveC.discover D.mean3.A.immediate B.misleadingC.important D.difficult4.A.Forexample B.ThusC.However D.Inshort5.A.trade B.distanceC.connections D.greetings6.A.eye B.verbalC.bodily D.telephone7.A.strangers B.relativesC.neighbours D.enemies8.A.trouble B.conversationC.silence D.experiment9.A.disturbing B.helpingC.guiding D.following10.A.closer B.fasterC.in D.away11.A.weakness B.carelessnessC.friendliness D.coldness12.A.talk B.travelC.laugh D.think13.A.curiosity B.excitementC.misunderstanding D.nervousness14.A.chance B.timeC.result D.advice15.A.noticed B.treatedC.respected D.pleased四、语篇填空Amonthagomyoldestdaughter,Rachel,askedme1.tomakefriends.Shewassevenyearsoldandalittleshy.Itoldherthebestway2.(make)friendswastointroduce3.(her)whenshemetsomeonenew.Thequestiondidn’tcomeupagain,andIdidn’tgiveitanother4.(think).

LastweekendI5.(take)mytwodaughterstothelakeacoupleofblocksfromourhouse.Therearetwoparks6.(locate)aroundthelake,andsinceitwasaniceday,wevisitedthemboth.Therewerelotsofchildrenaroundmydaughterstoplay7..

Iwashelpingmyyoungestdaughter,Sydney,godowntheslide(滑梯)8.somethingcaughtmyattention.IgotthewarmestfeelingasIheardRacheltellallthekids,“MynameisRachel,andI’mseven.Whatareyournames?”Itworked9.(well)thanIhadeverimagined,andbeforelongshekneweverykid’sname,andtheywereallplaying10.(happy)!

Thelittlethingsinlifecanmakeadifference!

SectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage一、1.toing3.studying4.considering5.encouraging6.boring7.tocall8.toeat9.going10.digging二、1.Thisneworderwillmeanworkinganotherthreedaysforus.2.Thisclubissointerestingthatmanypeoplewanttojoinit.3.Hesaidnothingbutjustwentonworking.4.It’stimeforyoutogiveupsmoking.5.Afterthefireagroupofpeoplearebusyingmakingassessments.三、【解题导语】文章介绍了肢体语言的作用以及在不同文化里肢体语言的不同含义。通过学习本文我们可以了解文化的趣味性。1.D句意:根据专家的说法我们的肢体发出多于我们可以了解到的信息。身体发出的是message(信息),而不是sound。sound泛指自然界的一切声音;invitation邀请;feeling感情。2.D句意:事实上,非言语交际占据了我们真实含义的大约50%。3.C根据下文论述,当涉及跨文化交流时,肢体语言尤为重要,故选important。immediate立刻的,表示动作的直接性和迅速性;misleading误导的;difficult困难的。4.A根据下文可知,是举例,forexample例如。故选A项。5.B句意:不同的社会群体对于人们之间的距离对待方式也迥然不同。空格后面的北欧人和拉丁美洲人等的例子都与distance(距离)有关。6.C北欧人通常不喜欢肢体的接触,故选bodily(身体的),后文的toucheachother也有所提示。7.A句意:北欧人通常不喜欢和朋友有肢体上的接触,更不用说陌生人了。enemy虽然与friend相对,但此处是说不同国度文化的差异,并不是敌我的分歧。8.Btrouble麻烦;conversation谈话,交谈;silence寂静;experiment实验。inconversation是固定词组,意为“在交谈中,在会话中”。9.D在交谈中,北欧人不喜欢肢体接触,拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触,所以我们看到的很可能是一个拉丁美洲人跟随一个挪威人移动。故选following(跟随)。10.A拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触,为了表示友好,会离挪威人越来越近,故选closer(更近地)。11.D挪威人的后退反过来会让拉丁美洲人觉得是冷漠。weakness虚弱;carelessness粗心;friendliness友谊;coldness冷漠。12.A选项中talk(交谈)与后文的conversation相呼应,且文章主要讲述交谈中的肢体语言。13.C句意:而且当来自不同文化的人聚会时,很有可能会出现误解。故选misunderstanding“误会,误解”。curiosity好奇心;excitement兴奋;nervousness紧张。14.D此处是针对避免误解而提出建议,故选advice(建议)。chance机会;time时间;result结果。15.B你希望怎样被对待,那你就那样对待别人。B选项与前面的treatothers相呼应,一个是主动形式,一个是被动形式(tobetreated)。四、1.how2.tomake3.herself4.thought5.took6.located7.with8.when9.better10.happilyUNIT4单元提能强化练Ⅰ.阅读理解AGettingcomputerstounderstandhumanbodylanguageisnosimpletask.Let’sbreakdownthestepstogetagoodunderstandingofwhatyourbodylanguageissaying.First,thecomputerneedstosee.So,itneedsacamera.Butacomputerdoesn’tseelikewedo,anditonlygetsastreamofdatafromthecamera.So,softwarefirsthastorecognisetheshapeofahumanbodyandthenmapoutthekeypointsofourbody.Somepoorsoulshavetoteachacomputerwhatallofourdifferentbodypartslooklikeinlotsofdifferentlightingconditionsandlotsofdifferentbodytypes.Butunderstandingthatanimagecontainsanelbow,aknee,orafacedoesn’tdomuchgood.So,nowthecomputerispayingcloseattentiontoourfacesandourhands.Classifyingemotionsasbodylanguageandfacialexpressionsisliterallyinourgenes,soitcomesprettyeasily.Butcomputersneedtoseeatonofexamplesofanygivenkindofbodylanguage,thentobetoldwhatthatbodylanguageisormeans,andthentheycan,overtime,andwithmoreandmoreexamples,identifythatsameorsimilarstancewiththatemotion.

IfI’maself-drivingcarapproachingacrosswalkandIseeanupheldhandinfrontofme,Icaninferthehumanwantsmetostopastheyintendtocrossthestreet.IfIinsteadseethatsamehumanusingthe“movealong”gesture,that’sastrongindicationthatthepersonwouldprefermetocontinueonmyjourneyinsteadofwaiting.Acarhasjustreadyourbodylanguage.1.Whatisthemostimportantforcomputerstounderstandhumanbodylanguage?A.Acamera.B.Astreamofdata.C.Software. D.Alightingcondition.2.Whyareemotionsdividedintobodylanguageandfacialexpressions?A.Toencouragepeopletoknowaboutgenes.B.Tomakecomputerswatchemotionsclosely.C.Tosavethetimeofanalysingatonofdata.D.Togetcomputerstorecognisethemeasily.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stance”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Attitude. B.Meaning.C.Behaviour. D.Expression.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowComputersReadBodyLanguageB.WhenSelf-drivingCarsWillBeBornC.WhyEmotionsAreofImportanceD.WhattheUnknownFutureHoldsBSilboGomeroisanancientlanguageofwhistlethatenabledpeopletocommunicateacrosslongdistancesbeforetheinventionofthetelephoneorthecomputer.It’snowbeingrevivedonmountainousCanaryIslandsandtheislandofLaGomera,wheretheusuallanguageisSpanish.TheCanaryIslandsgovernmentisprovidingfundingtohelpschoolchildrenonLaGomeratolearnthisancientwhistlinglanguageaspartoftheirheritage.ItsoundslikebirdsongandwasdevelopedthousandsofyearsagobyislanderstoenablethemtocommunicateuptotwomilesacrossLaGomera’svalleys.Inthepast,SilboGomerohasbeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,buttheislandersfeltembarrassedatthisformofcommunicationwhentheycameintocontactwiththeoutsideworldandmoderntechnology.Itstartedtodieoutwhenthetelephonearrivedandtheislandwasopentotourism.However,thegovernmentrealisedwhatwashappeninganddecidedtomakesurethatitwouldnotbelost.So,since1999SilboGomerohasbeenpartoftheschoolcurriculumandnowabout3,000Gomerochildrenspendatleast25minutesaweeklearningit.Thisisenoughtimeforthebasicstobelearned.ProbablyoriginatingintheAtlasMountainsofNorthAfrica,thelanguagewasbroughttotheislandbysettlers2,500yearsago.ItwasadaptedtoSpanishspeechpatterns,butusestonesratherthanvowelsandconsonants(辅音).Thesearewhistledatdifferentfrequencies(频率)toproduceover4,000words,makingproperconversationspossible.Theimportanceofthelanguageisgrowing.In2003theislandheldthefirstInternationalCongressofWhistledLanguages.ResearchisnowbeingcarriedoutinallplacestowhichGomeranshavetraditionallyemigrated(移居国外)andwhereformsofthelanguagesurvive.TheCanarygovernment’sHistoricalHeritageDepartmenthopestoattractoutsidesupportsothatitwillcontinue.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthereasonforthedisappearingofSilboGomero?A.Thelimitedvocabulary.B.Thearrivalofmoderntechnology.C.Gomerans’traditionalemigration.D.Itscomplexspeechpatterns.6.WhatdoweknowaboutSilboGomero?A.ItoriginatedintheislandofLaGomero.B.ItwasadaptedtoEnglishspeechpattern.C.Itwasdevelopedforlong-distancecommunication.D.Ithasmorethan4,000wordsmadeupofvowelsandconsonants.7.InordertosaveSilboGomero,.

A.thelocalgovernmentprovidesfinancialhelpB.studentsspend25minutesdailylearningitC.theislandersbegintodoresearchwhereitoriginatedD.theislandersfrequentlyuseittocommunicatewiththeoutsideworld8.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletoprotectculturalheritage.B.ToadvertiseforLaGomera.C.TopromotetheuseofSilboGomero.D.TointroducethedyinglanguageSilboGomero.Ⅱ.七选五Howto“Speed-read”BodyLanguageDuetothepandemic,socialdistancinghasdramaticallychangedthewayweinteractwitheachother,especiallywhenitcomestonon-verbalcommunication.Wearingafacemaskhasquicklybecomethenorm—andthatwilllikelyremainfortheforeseeablefuture.1Howcanwebetterreadbodylanguage,nowthatwe’rewearingmasks?Partoftheanswerliesinthequestionitself.Toooften,weputallourfocusonpeople’sfaces,whenweshouldalsobeobservingthemovementsoftheirentireupperbodies.Thisisespeciallyimportanttoday,sincewedoalotofsocialinteractingthroughvideoplatforms,whereweseeeachothermostlyfromthewaistup.2Herearesometipsonhowtospeed-readit.

TouchingtheneckIfpeoplearetouchingtheir“neckdimple”(thevisibleindentationatthemiddle-frontoftheirneck),itcouldmeanthey’redistressedorinsecure.3

Rubbingthechest4Ifsomeoneisrubbingtheupperpartoftheirchestwithapalmofahand(orevenjustthefingers),itcanindicatediscomfortorconcern.Irecentlyfoundmyselfdoingthiswhendiscussingafamily-member’shealth.

TiltedheadHeadmovementscangoalongwaytowardsshowingwhetherornotsomeoneisfullyengaged,especiallyduringvideoconferencecalls.Aslightlytiltedheaddisplaysawarenessandattentiveness.5

SquintedeyesWeoftensquintoureyeswhenwe’retryingtofocusourvisiononsomethingthat’sfaraway.Butsquintedeyesandafurrowed“glabella”(thepartoftheforeheadaboveandbetweentheeyebrows)canalsobeasignofdisagreementorconfusion.A.Thisisanothersignofstressandanxiety.B.Ifyounoticesomeonedoingthis,trytocomfortthemoreasetheiranxiety.C.Wearingamaskisanormalpartofbeingaroundotherpeople.D.Theyshouldn’tshowfacialexpressionsorusebodylanguageinpublic.E.Bodylanguageisanoutwardreflectionofaperson’semotionalcondition.F.And,whencombinedwithafewnods,itcanshowapprovalofwhat’sbeingsaidorheard.G.Butwithnearlyhalfofthefacehidden,itcanbedifficulttotellwhatapersonisthinkingandfeeling.Ⅲ.完形填空Thebestexampleofuniversallyunderstoodbodylanguagemaybethesmile.Asmilecanopendoorsandteardownwallsamong1.

Ihadorganizedandreorganizedan2withthedentistformonths.Ialsoconfirmedittwiceandcalledthedaybeforeto3allthepaperworkwouldbereadyfortheX-rays.

ThenIarrived.Itwasn’t4atall.TheladythereevenhadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.I5feltmybloodboil.Iwasgettingsomad.Ididn’tyellatherbutImayaswellhavebecausethe6Iwastalkingtoherwasnotnice.Ispokedowntoherlikeshewasachildandincapable.Itwasnotagoodmoment.Thewholetimeshesmiledandwas7tome.

Onlywheneverythingwasfinally8wasInice.

Isatdowninthewaitingareaand9itall.HowcouldImakeitbetter?HowcouldImakeupformy10behaviouramomentago?Icouldn’t.IcouldgiftherachocolatebarIhadonme,butthisneededmorethanthat.Itneededanhonest11.AndthatwasexactlywhatIgave.

IapologizedforthewayIhadspokentoherandtoldheritwaswrongofme.Sheaccepted.Againwitha12.Ithelpsmebethatwomanwhosmilesandforgivesso13.Idon’tgetitrighteverytime.IcanberudeandwhenIam,Ialmost14myselfforit.Iamnotthatperson,notanymore.YetIcontinuetogrowandcontinueto15.It’struethatsmilevanishedmyangerandopenedadoortounderstanding.

1.A.friends B.strangersC.patients D.relatives2.A.interview B.operationC.experiment D.appointment3.A.conclude B.approveC.ensure D.apply4.A.crowded B.readyC.open D.busy5.A.mildly B.roughlyC.privately D.immediately6.A.habitB.way C.accentD.tune7.A.rude B.attachedC.friendly D.devoted8.A.figured B.addedC.made D.sorted9.A.reflectedon B.workedatC.calledat D.wentthrough10.A.unnecessary B.impoliteC.impossible D.unfair11.A.comment B.promiseC.apology D.suggestion12.A.smile B.hopeC.doubt D.belief13.A.slowly B.easilyC.frequently D.tightly14.A.teachB.forgive C.hateD.see15.A.expand B.reactC.overcome D.learnⅣ.语法填空Eventhoughtheworstofthepandemicseemstobebehindus,videoconferencingappswillprobablyremaininourlives.Unfortunately,communicatingthiswaytendstoleavepeople1.(feel)wornout,and2.StanfordUniversitypaperhasexplainedexactlysomeofthesurprisingreasons.

Forone,videoconferencingshowstheclose-up3.(view)ofpeople’sfaces—peoplewhoallappeartobemakingprolonged(延长的)directeyecontactwithyoubecausethey4.(look)attheirscreens.Duringface-to-faceinteractions,thiskindofbodylanguage5.(mean)foreithercloserelationshipsorconflicts.6.youknowit’sjustabusinessmeetingorafriendlychat,anotherpartofyoumaystillunconsciouslyfindthosenonverbalsignalsnervous.7.(reduce)thissourceofpressure,switchtoaudio-onlymodeor8.(simple)shrinkthewindowsopeople’sheadsdon’tappearsolargeandclose.

Mostvideoconferencingsoftwarealsoshowsyouyourownvideoimage.Seeingyourimagemakesithardtoresistevaluatingyourself,9.isstressfulandoftenlowersyourmood.Thesolution10.thisoneissimple:Hidetheself-viewwindowandfocusinsteadonothersinthemeetingandthetopicofdiscussion.

参考答案UNIT4单元提能强化练Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了计算机理解人类肢体语言的详细步骤。1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So,softwarefirsthastorecognisetheshapeofahumanbodyandthenmapoutthekeypointsofourbody.”可知,要让计算机理解人类的肢体语言,最重要的是软件。故选C项。2.D推理判断题。根据第三段“Butunderstandingthatanimageesprettyeasily.”以及第四段“Butcomputersneedtoseeaton...sameorsimilarstancewiththatemotion.”可知,因为肘部、膝盖或一张脸的图像对计算机理解人类肢体语言并没有多大好处,所以计算机关注可以传达情绪的脸(面部表情)和手(肢体语言)。因此,把情绪被分为肢体语言和面部表情是为了让计算机识别它们背后的意义。故选D项。3.B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的上下文“Butcomputers...sameorsimilarstancewiththatemotion.”可知,计算机识别的是特定肢体语言背后的意义;通过越来越多肢体语言的例子,计算机可以识别出那种肢体语言情绪状况下相同或相似的意思。故画线词意思是“意义”。故选B项。4.A主旨大意题。根据第一段“Gettingcomputerstounderstand...whatyourbodylanguageissaying.”并结合全文内容可知,本文主要说明了计算机理解人类肢体语言的详细步骤。A项“计算机是如何识别肢体语言的”最符合本文大意。故选A项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了LaGomera岛上的口哨语SilboGomero。5.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Itstartedtodieoutwhenthetelephonearrivedandtheislandwasopentotourism.”可知,现代技术的到来是SilboGomero濒临消亡的原因。故选B项。6.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ItsoundslikebirdsongandwasdevelopedthousandsofyearsagobyislanderstoenablethemtocommunicateuptotwomilesacrossLaGomera’svalleys.”可知,SilboGomero被发明出来是为了进行远距离交流。故选C项。7.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheCanaryIslandsgovernmentisprovidingfundingtohelpschoolchildrenonLaGomeratolearnthisancientwhistlinglanguageaspartoftheirheritage.”可知,为了拯救SilboGomero,当地政府提供了财政援助。故选A项。8.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“SilboGomeroisanancientlanguageofwhistlethatenabledpeopletocommunicateacrosslongdistancesbeforetheinventionofthetelephoneorthecomputer.”以及文章内容可知,本文写作的目的是介绍LaGomera岛上濒临消亡的口哨语SilboGomero。故选D项。Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。在疫情期间,社交距离极大地改变了我们在非语言交流方面的方式。对此文章给出了快速阅读肢体语言的建议。1.G上文“Wearingafacemaskhasquicklybecomethenorm—andthatwilllikelyremainfortheforeseeablefuture.”说明人们戴口罩时脸会被隐藏一半。下文“Howcanwebetterreadbodylanguage,nowthatwe’rewearingmasks?”说明,在脸被隐藏的情况下,我们仍旧要辨别人们所想。G项“但是,由于隐藏了近一半的脸,因此很难分辨出一个人的想法和感受”承上启下,符合语境。故选G项。2.E根据上文“Toooften,weputallourfocusonpeople’sfaces,whenweshouldalsobeobservingthemovementsoftheirentireupperbodies.”可知,在观察不到脸的同时,我们应注意观察人们的肢体语言,通过肢体语言来解读人们的心理。E项“肢体语言是一个人情绪状况的外在反映”承接上文。故选E项。3.B根据上文“Ifpeoplearetouchingtheir‘neckdimple’(thevisibleindentationatthemiddle-frontoftheirneck),itcouldmeanthey’redistressedorinsecure.”可知,一个人在感到焦虑或不安时会摸脖子的凹陷处。B项中的“this”指代触摸这个部位,而“尝试安慰他们或缓解他们的焦虑”是对此提出的建议,符合语境。故选B项。4.A根据下文“Ifsomeoneisrubbingtheupperpartoftheirchestwithapalmofahand(orevenjustthefingers),itcanindicatediscomfortorconcern.”可知,本段落承接上段内容,介绍的是压力和焦虑的另一个迹象以及相应的建议。故选A项。5.F根据上文“Headmovementscan...displaysawarenessandattentiveness.”可知,上文说的是人们在专注时的头部动作。F项“当与一些点头结合时,它可以表示对所说或听到的内容的赞同”符合语境。故选F项。Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者某次去看牙医,去之前已经预约了,到了那里却发现牙医什么都没准备。作者很生气,但牙医却一直对作者微笑,这让作者很内疚,也让作者感受到了微笑的力量。1.Bfriend朋友;stranger陌生人;patient病人;relative亲戚。根据下文所提到的故事可知,此处指微笑能打破陌生人之间的隔阂。2.Dinterview采访;operation手术;experiment实验;appointment约定,约会。作者要去看病,所以应该是同医生提前有预约。3.Cconclude得出结论;approve赞同,支持;ensure确保