高中英语选择性必修一Unit 4 Body language 词汇练习

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子选词填空witness,demonstrate,identical,employ,interpret,assess,reliable,differin,bycontrast,breakdown1．Youhaveto__________howtooperatethecomputer.2．Itwasanextraordinaryexperienceto__________thefirstsunriseofthenewyear.3．Youshouldfindbetterwaysto__________yourtime.4．Yourappearanceis__________tohers.Youmustbetwins.5．They__________sizebutnotinkind.6．Theguide__________

theforeigner’sremarksforus.7．Statisticalanalysisisameansofarrivingata__________forecast.8．ShehadbeenwaitingforSimonto__________thebarrierbetweenthem.9．They__________hishouseatahighprice.10．Iamnotgoodatexpressingmyself.__________,Iambetteratthinkingindeed.二、阅读理解Thedeathoflanguagesisnotanewphenomenon.Languagesusuallyhavearelativelyshortlifespanaswellasaveryhighdeathrate.Onlyafew,includingEgyptian,Chinese,Greek,Latin,havelastedmorethan2,000years.Whatisnew,however,isthespeedatwhichtheyaredyingout.Europe'scolonialconquestscausedasharpdeclineinlinguisticdiversity,eliminatingatleast15percentofalllanguagesspokenatthetime.Overthelast300years,Europehaslostadozen,andAustraliahasonly20leftofthe250spokenattheendofthe18thcentury.Theriseofnation-stateshasalsobeendecisiveinselectingandconsolidatingnationallanguagesandsideliningothers.Bymakinggreateffortstoestablishanofficiallanguageineducation,themediaandthecivilservice,nationalgovernmentshavedeliberatelytriedtoeliminateminoritylanguages.Thisprocessoflinguisticstandardizationhasbeenboostedbyindustrializationandscientificprogress,whichhaveimposednewmethodsofcommunicationthatareswift,straightforwardandpractical.Languagediversitycametobeseenasanobstacletotradeandthespreadofknowledge.Monolingualismbecameanideal.Morerecently,theinternationalizationoffinancialmarkets,thespreadofinformationbyelectronicmediaandotheraspectsofglobalizationhaveintensifiedthethreatto“small”languages.AlanguagenotontheInternetisalanguagethat“nolongerexists''inthemodernworld.Itisoutofthegame.Theseriouseffectsofthedeathoflanguagesareevident.Firstofall,itispossiblethatifweallendedupspeakingthesamelanguage,ourbrainswouldlosesomeoftheirnaturalcapacityforlinguisticinventiveness.Wewouldneverbeabletofigureouttheoriginsofhumanlanguageorresolvethemysteryof"thefirstlanguage".Aseachlanguagedies,achapterofhumanhistorycloses.Multilingualismisthemostaccuratereflectionofmulticulturalism.Thedestructionofthefirstwillinevitablyleadtothelossofthesecond.Imposingalanguagewithoutanylinkstoapeople'scultureandwayoflifestiflestheexpressionoftheircollectivegenius.Alanguageisnotonlyusedforthemaininstrumentofhumancommunication.Italsoexpressestheworldvisionofthosewhospeakit,theirwaysofusingknowledge.Tosafeguardlanguagesisanurgentmatter.11．Whichofthefollowingdoesnotcontributetothedeathoflanguages?A．ColonialconquestsofEuropeB．TheboomofhumanpopulationC．AdvancesinscienceandindustrializationD．Theriseofnation-states12．Theunderlinedword“stifles”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans"".A．boosts B．fuelsC．imposes D．kills13．Theseriouseffectsofthedeathoflanguagesincludeallexceptthat.A．PeoplewouldfailtounderstandhowlanguagesoriginatedB．LanguagediversitywouldbecomeanobstacletoglobalizationC．MonolingualismwouldleadtothelossofmulticulturalismD．Humanbrainswouldbecomelesscreativelinguistically14．Whatistheauthorspurposeofwritingthispassage?A．Toexplainthereasonswhylanguagesaredyingout.B．Towarnpeopleofthenegativeaspectsofglobalization.C．Tocallpeople'sattentiontotheurgencyoflanguagepreservation.D．Toarguehowimportantitisforpeopletospeakmorelanguages.Whatistechnologydoingtolanguage?Manyassumetheanswerissimple:ruiningit.Kidscannolongerwriteexceptintext­speak.Grammarisgoingtothedogs.Theabilitytocomposethoughtslongerthanapostisdisappearing.Languageexpertstendtoresistit,notingthatthereislittleproofthatspeechisreallydegenerating,norisformalwritingfallingapart.AstudybyCambridgeAssessmentfoundalmostnoevidencefortext­speakinstudents’writing.Fortunately,thestoryoflanguageandtheInternethasattractedmoreseriousanalysts,too.NowGretchenMcCulloch,ajournalistofthegenerationthatgrewupwiththeInternet,joinsthemwithanewbook,BecauseInternet,whichfocusesonwhatcanbelearnedaboutlanguagefromtheInternet.BiologistsgrowbacteriainaPetridishpartlybecausetheyarebornandreproducesoquicklythatstudiesovermanygenerationscanbedoneinareasonablyshortperiod.Studyinglanguageonlineisabitlikethat:trendsappearanddisappear,platformsriseandfall,andtheseletlinguistsobservechangesthatwouldotherwisetaketoomuchtime.Forexample,whydolanguageschange?Athousandyearsago,earlyEnglishandIcelandicwerecloselyrelated.Englishhassincedevelopedhugely,andIcelandicfarless.Linguistshavestudiedtherelativeeffectsofstrongandweakties(friends,family)insuchpatterns,concludingthatsmallcommunitieswouldhostmorestablelanguages.TheInternetcombinesstrongandweakties—andsureenough,drivesmorelanguagechange.Intheend,MsMcCulloch’sbookisaboutthebirthofanewmediumratherthananewlanguage.Massreadinghasnowbeenjoinedbymasswriting:frequent,error­filledandquick­fading.LittlesurprisethatInternetusershavecreatedtoolstogivetheirwritingthegesture,playfulnessandevenmeaninglessnessofchat.Mistakingitforthedownfallof“real”writingisacategoryerror.Anythingthathelpspeopleenjoyeachother’scompanycanonlybeagoodthing.15．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“degenerating”inParagraph1referto?A．Strengthening. B．Worsening. C．Changing. D．Refreshing.16．WhyarebacteriainaPetridishmentionedinParagraph2?A．Toexplainbacteriahaveashortlifetime.B．Tostressthedifficultyofresearchinglanguageonline.C．TorevealtherelationbetweenlanguageandtheInternet.D．Toshowonlinelanguagecanbestudiedinlimitedtime.17．WhatcontributestothefastdevelopmentofEnglish?A．AlargeEnglish­speakingpopulation. B．Thelastingeffectofmassmedia.C．Astablelanguage­usingcommunity. D．ThewideapplicationoftheInternet.18．What’stheauthor’sattitudetoonlinelanguage?A．Ambiguous. B．Positive. C．Objective. D．Cautious.三、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinesecalligraphy(书法)isatraditionalformofwritingcharactersfromtheChineselanguagethroughtheuseofinkandabrush.It___19___(root)inChinaallthewaythroughcenturiesofpractice.Chinesecalligraphyisanartof___20___(turn)ChinesecharactersintoimagesthroughpressureandspeedvariationsofthepointedChinesebrush.It___21___

(stress)theexpressionofemotionswhilebeingamentalexercisetoanartist___22___coordinatesthebodyandthemindtoselectthebeststylingforthepresentationofthepassagecontent.InEnglish,“calligraphy”literallymeans“beautifulwriting.”Itisa___23___(write)formthatunitesthelanguagesspokeninChina.Itisseen___24___thewallsofoffices,shops,hotels,andhouseseverywhere.Chinesecalligraphyisoneofthemanyart___25___(form)thatcrossbordersandcultures.Picasso,theworld-famousmasterofart,once___26___

(express),“HadIbeenborninChina,Iwouldhavebeenacalligrapher,notapainter.”Today,thispowerfullygraphicartisstillcelebratedas___27___outwardexpressionoftheartist’sinnerpsychology.Itsrhythm,movementandflowis____28____(access)toanyonewhoviewsit,notonlytothoseofuswhocanreadChinesecharacters.答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页参考答案：1．demonstrate

2．witness

3．employ

4．identical

5．differin

6．interpreted

7．reliable

8．breakdown

9．assessed

10．Bycontrast【分析】1．考查动词。句意：你必须演示如何操作电脑。分析句子可知，空格处意为“演示”，动词demonstrate意为“演示”，固定短语havetodosth.意为“必须（不得不）做某事”，其后跟动词原形demonstrate。故填demonstrate。2．考查固定句型。句意：目睹新年的第一个日出是一次非凡的经历。分析句子可知，witness作动词，意为“目睹（见证）”，该句中的主语it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式towitnessthefirstsunriseofthenewyear，因此，该空应该填动词原形witness。3．考查动词。句意：你应该找到更好的方法来运用你的时间。分析句意可知，该句意为“运用（你的时间）”，动词employ在该句中意为“运用”，再根据句子结构，动词不定式toemployyourtime作ways的后置定语，因此，该空应该填动词原形employ。故填employ。4．考查形容词。句意：你的外表和她的一模一样。你一定是双胞胎。分析句子结构可知，这是一个主系表结构，形容词identical意为“完全同样的”，在is后作表语，故填identical。5．考查固定搭配。句意：它们大小不同，但是不是同类。根据句意，固定短语differin意为“在（某方面）不同”，在该句中充当谓语，主语They是复数形式，因此，谓语动词用复数形式differ。故填differin。6．考查时态。句意：导游为我们解释了外国人的话。分析句意可知，动词interpret意为“口译，解释”，在该句中作谓语，根据句意阐述的是过去的事实，谓语动词应用一般过去时interpreted。故填interpreted。7．考查形容词。句意：统计分析是一种可达到的可靠预测的手段。形容词reliable意为“可靠的，可以依赖的”，修饰名词forecast作定语，故填reliable。8．考查固定短语。句意：她一直在等西蒙打破他们之间的障碍。固定短语breakdown是固定搭配，意为“消除，破除……”，该句中动词不定式tobreakdownthebarrierbetweenthem.作目的状语，to后应该填动词原形。故填breakdown。9．考查时态。句意：他们以高价评估他的房子。分析句意可知，动词assess意为“评估，估价”，在该句中作谓语，根据句意阐述的是过去的事实，谓语动词应用一般过去时assessed。故填assessed。10．考查固定短语。句意：我不善于表达自己。相比之下，我更善于思考。固定短语bycontrast是固定搭配，意为“相比之下，与…相反……”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Bycontrast。11．B

12．D

13．B

14．C【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了语言加速消亡这一现象并分析了原因。11．B细节理解题。根据第二段“Europe’scolonialconquestscausedasharpdeclineinlinguisticdiversity”（欧洲的殖民征服导致了语言多样性的急剧下降）；第三段“Theriseofnation-stateshasalsobeendecisiveinselectingandconsolidatingnationallanguagesandsideliningothers.”（民族国家的崛起在选择和巩固民族语言和排挤其他语言方面也起到了决定性的作用）以及第四段“This

processoflinguisticstandardizationhasbeenboostedbyindustrializationandscientificprogress,whichhaveimposednewmethodsofcommunicationthatareswift,straightforwardandpractical.Languagediversitycametobeseenasanobstacle

totradeandthespreadofknowledge.”（工业化和科学进步推动了语言标准化的进程，并带来了迅速、直接和实用的新的交流方法。语言多样性被视为贸易和知识传播的障碍）可知，A，C，D均为语言消亡的原因，而没有提到人口的激增导致语言消亡，故选B。12．D词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Imposingalanguagewithoutanylinkstoapeople'scultureandwayoflife”可知，将一门语言强加给别人，却没有那个民族的文化和生活联系，此处说的是这样做会产生的不良结果——这种做法实际上是在扼杀语言这一集体智慧的表达。由文意也可推测出stifles应为贬义词，意思是“”扼杀、毁灭”，故选D。13．B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Europe'scolonialconquestscausedasharpdeclineinlinguisticdiversity,eliminatingatleast15percentofalllanguagesspokenatthetime.Overthelast300years,Europehaslostadozen,andAustraliahasonly20leftofthe

250spokenattheendofthe18thcentury.”（欧洲的殖民征服导致了语言多样性的急剧下降，使当时所说的所有语言中至少有15%被消灭。在过去的300年里，欧洲已经失去了一打，而澳大利亚在18世纪末所说的250种语言中只剩下20种。）可得出A，D是正确的，根据最后一段“Multilingualismisthemostaccuratereflectionofmulticulturalism.Thedestructionofthe

firstwillinevitablyleadtothelossofthesecond.”（多种语言是多元文化的最准确反映。第一个的破坏必然导致第二个的损失）可得出C是正确的，以上三项都是语言消亡会带来的消极影响，而B项（语言多样性将成为全球化的障碍）与文章观点相悖，故选B。14．C推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了语言加速消亡这一现象并分析了原因，因此作者写这篇文章是为了让人么意识到语言消亡的严重性并呼吁人们重视语言的保护。故选C。15．B

16．D

17．A

18．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。有人认为科技正在摧毁语言，导致人们的语言能力退化，但语言学家抵制这种说法，他们指出几乎没有证据表明语言真的在退化。文章说明了网络语言的特点以及语言变化的原因。作者认为不能把网络用语归结为“真正”写作水准下降的原因，任何有助于人们享受彼此陪伴的事情都是件好事。15．词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Kidscannolongerwriteexceptintext­speak.Grammarisgoingtothedogs.Theabilitytocomposethoughtslongerthanapostisdisappearing.(孩子们除了用短信说话外再也不写字了。语法不行了。写出比一篇帖子更长文章的能力正在消失)”以及“Languageexpertstendtoresistit,notingthatthereislittleproofthatspeechisreally”可知，很多人认为科技正在摧毁语言，人们的语言能力正在退化，而语言学家往往抵制这种说法，他们指出几乎没有证据表明语言真的在退化，故画线词意思为“退化”。A.Strengthening.加强；B.Worsening.退化；C.Changing.改变；D.Refreshing.使清新。故选B。16．推理判断题。根据第二段中“BiologistsgrowbacteriainaPetridishpartlybecausetheyarebornandreproducesoquicklythatstudiesovermanygenerationscanbedoneinareasonablyshortperiod.Studyinglanguageonlineisabitlikethat:trendsappearanddisappear,platformsriseandfall,andtheseletlinguistsobservechangesthatwouldotherwisetaketoomuchtime.(生物学家在皮氏培养皿中培养细菌，部分原因是它们出生和繁殖的速度非常快，因此在相当短的时间内就可以完成多代的研究。研究网络语言与之有点类似：趋势的出现和消失，平台的起落，这让语言学家们能够观察到那些原本需要花太多时间才能看到的变化)”可推知，第二段提到皮氏培养皿中的细菌，是为了表明人们可以在有限的时间内研究网络语言。故选D。17．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Linguistshavestudiedtherelativeeffectsofstrongandweakties(friends,family)insuchpatterns,concludingthatsmallcommunitieswouldhostmorestablelanguages.(语言学家研究了这种模式下强联系和如朋友和家庭等弱联系的相对影响，得出的结论是，较小的社区会拥有更稳定的语言)”可推知，小型社会的语言更稳定，即讲一种语言的人越少，这门语言就越稳定。故是大量说英语的人促进了英语的巨大发展。故选A。18．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Mistakingitforthedownfallof‘real’writingisacategoryerror.Anythingthathelpspeopleenjoyeachother’scompanycanonlybeagoodthing.(不能把网络用语归结为“真正”写作水准下降的原因，任何有助于人们享受彼此陪伴的事情都是件好事)”由此推断作者对网络语言持积极的态度。故选B。19．hasbeenrooted

20．turning

21．stresses

22．who/that

23．written

24．on

25．forms

26．expressed

27．an

28．accessible【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国书法的起源、特征及现状等基本概况。19．考查时态。句意：经过几个世纪的实践，它一直扎根于中国。此处缺乏谓语，由时间状语centuries可知，root这个动作从过去一直到现在，时态用现在完成时，主语It（指书法）和谓语动词root是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态（has/havebeendone），主语It是单数，谓语用单数形式。故填hasbeenrooted。20．考查动名词。句意：中国书法是一种通过笔尖的压力和速度变化将汉字变成图像的艺术。介词of后用动名词（doing）形式，此处用动名词形式。故填turning。21．考查时态。句意：它强调情感的表达，同时也是对艺术家的一种心理锻炼，艺术家协调身体和思想，为文章内容的呈现选择最佳的样式。此处缺乏谓语，本句在讲书法的特征，是事实，时态用一般现在时，主动语态，主语It是单数，谓语用单数形式。故填stresses。22．考查定语从句。句意：它强调情感的表达，同时也是对艺术家的一种心理锻炼，艺术家协调身体和思想，为文章内容的呈现选择最佳的样式。此处是定语从句，先行词是anartist，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。23．考查过去分词。句意：它是一种将中国语言统一起来的书写形式。此处缺少定语，名词form和动词write是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处用过去分词表被动，作前置定语修饰名词form。故填written。24．考查介词。句意：它在办公室、商店、旅馆和房子的墙上随处可见。此处指“在墙的表面上”，介词on意为“在……表面上”。故填on。25．考查名词的数。句意：中国书法是众多跨国界、跨文化的艺术形式之一。oneof+可数名词复数，意为“……之一”，此处用名词复数形式。故填forms。26．考查时态。句意：世界著名的艺术大师毕加索曾表露过：“如果我出生在中国，我会成为一名书法家，而不是画家。”Picasso是主语，theworld-famousmasterofart是主语的同位语，此处缺乏谓语，由时间状语once（曾经）可知，时态用一般过去时。故填expressed。27．考查冠词。句意：今天，这种强大的图形艺术仍然被誉为一种艺术家内心心理的外在表现。此处泛指“一种外在表现”，outward以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an表泛指。故填an。28．考查形容词。句意：它的节奏、运动和流动，任何人都能理解，而不仅仅是我们这些能读汉字的人。系动词is后用形容词作表语，此处用形容词accessible作表语，beaccessibleto…（可为……所理解）。故填accessible。UNIT4单元提能强化练Ⅰ.阅读理解AGettingcomputerstounderstandhumanbodylanguageisnosimpletask.Let’sbreakdownthestepstogetagoodunderstandingofwhatyourbodylanguageissaying.First,thecomputerneedstosee.So,itneedsacamera.Butacomputerdoesn’tseelikewedo,anditonlygetsastreamofdatafromthecamera.So,softwarefirsthastorecognisetheshapeofahumanbodyandthenmapoutthekeypointsofourbody.Somepoorsoulshavetoteachacomputerwhatallofourdifferentbodypartslooklikeinlotsofdifferentlightingconditionsandlotsofdifferentbodytypes.Butunderstandingthatanimagecontainsanelbow,aknee,orafacedoesn’tdomuchgood.So,nowthecomputerispayingcloseattentiontoourfacesandourhands.Classifyingemotionsasbodylanguageandfacialexpressionsisliterallyinourgenes,soitcomesprettyeasily.Butcomputersneedtoseeatonofexamplesofanygivenkindofbodylanguage,thentobetoldwhatthatbodylanguageisormeans,andthentheycan,overtime,andwithmoreandmoreexamples,identifythatsameorsimilarstancewiththatemotion.

IfI’maself-drivingcarapproachingacrosswalkandIseeanupheldhandinfrontofme,Icaninferthehumanwantsmetostopastheyintendtocrossthestreet.IfIinsteadseethatsamehumanusingthe“movealong”gesture,that’sastrongindicationthatthepersonwouldprefermetocontinueonmyjourneyinsteadofwaiting.Acarhasjustreadyourbodylanguage.1.Whatisthemostimportantforcomputerstounderstandhumanbodylanguage?A.Acamera.B.Astreamofdata.C.Software. D.Alightingcondition.2.Whyareemotionsdividedintobodylanguageandfacialexpressions?A.Toencouragepeopletoknowaboutgenes.B.Tomakecomputerswatchemotionsclosely.C.Tosavethetimeofanalysingatonofdata.D.Togetcomputerstorecognisethemeasily.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stance”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Attitude. B.Meaning.C.Behaviour. D.Expression.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowComputersReadBodyLanguageB.WhenSelf-drivingCarsWillBeBornC.WhyEmotionsAreofImportanceD.WhattheUnknownFutureHoldsBSilboGomeroisanancientlanguageofwhistlethatenabledpeopletocommunicateacrosslongdistancesbeforetheinventionofthetelephoneorthecomputer.It’snowbeingrevivedonmountainousCanaryIslandsandtheislandofLaGomera,wheretheusuallanguageisSpanish.TheCanaryIslandsgovernmentisprovidingfundingtohelpschoolchildrenonLaGomeratolearnthisancientwhistlinglanguageaspartoftheirheritage.ItsoundslikebirdsongandwasdevelopedthousandsofyearsagobyislanderstoenablethemtocommunicateuptotwomilesacrossLaGomera’svalleys.Inthepast,SilboGomerohasbeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,buttheislandersfeltembarrassedatthisformofcommunicationwhentheycameintocontactwiththeoutsideworldandmoderntechnology.Itstartedtodieoutwhenthetelephonearrivedandtheislandwasopentotourism.However,thegovernmentrealisedwhatwashappeninganddecidedtomakesurethatitwouldnotbelost.So,since1999SilboGomerohasbeenpartoftheschoolcurriculumandnowabout3,000Gomerochildrenspendatleast25minutesaweeklearningit.Thisisenoughtimeforthebasicstobelearned.ProbablyoriginatingintheAtlasMountainsofNorthAfrica,thelanguagewasbroughttotheislandbysettlers2,500yearsago.ItwasadaptedtoSpanishspeechpatterns,butusestonesratherthanvowelsandconsonants(辅音).Thesearewhistledatdifferentfrequencies(频率)toproduceover4,000words,makingproperconversationspossible.Theimportanceofthelanguageisgrowing.In2003theislandheldthefirstInternationalCongressofWhistledLanguages.ResearchisnowbeingcarriedoutinallplacestowhichGomeranshavetraditionallyemigrated(移居国外)andwhereformsofthelanguagesurvive.TheCanarygovernment’sHistoricalHeritageDepartmenthopestoattractoutsidesupportsothatitwillcontinue.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthereasonforthedisappearingofSilboGomero?A.Thelimitedvocabulary.B.Thearrivalofmoderntechnology.C.Gomerans’traditionalemigration.D.Itscomplexspeechpatterns.6.WhatdoweknowaboutSilboGomero?A.ItoriginatedintheislandofLaGomero.B.ItwasadaptedtoEnglishspeechpattern.C.Itwasdevelopedforlong-distancecommunication.D.Ithasmorethan4,000wordsmadeupofvowelsandconsonants.7.InordertosaveSilboGomero,.

A.thelocalgovernmentprovidesfinancialhelpB.studentsspend25minutesdailylearningitC.theislandersbegintodoresearchwhereitoriginatedD.theislandersfrequentlyuseittocommunicatewiththeoutsideworld8.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletoprotectculturalheritage.B.ToadvertiseforLaGomera.C.TopromotetheuseofSilboGomero.D.TointroducethedyinglanguageSilboGomero.Ⅱ.七选五Howto“Speed-read”BodyLanguageDuetothepandemic,socialdistancinghasdramaticallychangedthewayweinteractwitheachother,especiallywhenitcomestonon-verbalcommunication.Wearingafacemaskhasquicklybecomethenorm—andthatwilllikelyremainfortheforeseeablefuture.1Howcanwebetterreadbodylanguage,nowthatwe’rewearingmasks?Partoftheanswerliesinthequestionitself.Toooften,weputallourfocusonpeople’sfaces,whenweshouldalsobeobservingthemovementsoftheirentireupperbodies.Thisisespeciallyimportanttoday,sincewedoalotofsocialinteractingthroughvideoplatforms,whereweseeeachothermostlyfromthewaistup.2Herearesometipsonhowtospeed-readit.

TouchingtheneckIfpeoplearetouchingtheir“neckdimple”(thevisibleindentationatthemiddle-frontoftheirneck),itcouldmeanthey’redistressedorinsecure.3

Rubbingthechest4Ifsomeoneisrubbingtheupperpartoftheirchestwithapalmofahand(orevenjustthefingers),itcanindicatediscomfortorconcern.Irecentlyfoundmyselfdoingthiswhendiscussingafamily-member’shealth.

TiltedheadHeadmovementscangoalongwaytowardsshowingwhetherornotsomeoneisfullyengaged,especiallyduringvideoconferencecalls.Aslightlytiltedheaddisplaysawarenessandattentiveness.5

SquintedeyesWeoftensquintoureyeswhenwe’retryingtofocusourvisiononsomethingthat’sfaraway.Butsquintedeyesandafurrowed“glabella”(thepartoftheforeheadaboveandbetweentheeyebrows)canalsobeasignofdisagreementorconfusion.A.Thisisanothersignofstressandanxiety.B.Ifyounoticesomeonedoingthis,trytocomfortthemoreasetheiranxiety.C.Wearingamaskisanormalpartofbeingaroundotherpeople.D.Theyshouldn’tshowfacialexpressionsorusebodylanguageinpublic.E.Bodylanguageisanoutwardreflectionofaperson’semotionalcondition.F.And,whencombinedwithafewnods,itcanshowapprovalofwhat’sbeingsaidorheard.G.Butwithnearlyhalfofthefacehidden,itcanbedifficulttotellwhatapersonisthinkingandfeeling.Ⅲ.完形填空Thebestexampleofuniversallyunderstoodbodylanguagemaybethesmile.Asmilecanopendoorsandteardownwallsamong1.

Ihadorganizedandreorganizedan2withthedentistformonths.Ialsoconfirmedittwiceandcalledthedaybeforeto3allthepaperworkwouldbereadyfortheX-rays.

ThenIarrived.Itwasn’t4atall.TheladythereevenhadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.I5feltmybloodboil.Iwasgettingsomad.Ididn’tyellatherbutImayaswellhavebecausethe6Iwastalkingtoherwasnotnice.Ispokedowntoherlikeshewasachildandincapable.Itwasnotagoodmoment.Thewholetimeshesmiledandwas7tome.

Onlywheneverythingwasfinally8wasInice.

Isatdowninthewaitingareaand9itall.HowcouldImakeitbetter?HowcouldImakeupformy10behaviouramomentago?Icouldn’t.IcouldgiftherachocolatebarIhadonme,butthisneededmorethanthat.Itneededanhonest11.AndthatwasexactlywhatIgave.

IapologizedforthewayIhadspokentoherandtoldheritwaswrongofme.Sheaccepted.Againwitha12.Ithelpsmebethatwomanwhosmilesandforgivesso13.Idon’tgetitrighteverytime.IcanberudeandwhenIam,Ialmost14myselfforit.Iamnotthatperson,notanymore.YetIcontinuetogrowandcontinueto15.It’struethatsmilevanishedmyangerandopenedadoortounderstanding.

1.A.friends B.strangersC.patients D.relatives2.A.interview B.operationC.experiment D.appointment3.A.conclude B.approveC.ensure D.apply4.A.crowded B.readyC.open D.busy5.A.mildly B.roughlyC.privately D.immediately6.A.habitB.way C.accentD.tune7.A.rude B.attachedC.friendly D.devoted8.A.figured B.addedC.made D.sorted9.A.reflectedon B.workedatC.calledat D.wentthrough10.A.unnecessary B.impoliteC.impossible D.unfair11.A.comment B.promiseC.apology D.suggestion12.A.smile B.hopeC.doubt D.belief13.A.slowly B.easilyC.frequently D.tightly14.A.teachB.forgive C.hateD.see15.A.expand B.reactC.overcome D.learnⅣ.语法填空Eventhoughtheworstofthepandemicseemstobebehindus,videoconferencingappswillprobablyremaininourlives.Unfortunately,communicatingthiswaytendstoleavepeople1.(feel)wornout,and2.StanfordUniversitypaperhasexplainedexactlysomeofthesurprisingreasons.

Forone,videoconferencingshowstheclose-up3.(view)ofpeople’sfaces—peoplewhoallappeartobemakingprolonged(延长的)directeyecontactwithyoubecausethey4.(look)attheirscreens.Duringface-to-faceinteractions,thiskindofbodylanguage5.(mean)foreithercloserelationshipsorconflicts.6.youknowit’sjustabusinessmeetingorafriendlychat,anotherpartofyoumaystillunconsciouslyfindthosenonverbalsignalsnervous.7.(reduce)thissourceofpressure,switchtoaudio-onlymodeor8.(simple)shrinkthewindowsopeople’sheadsdon’tappearsolargeandclose.

Mostvideoconferencingsoftwarealsoshowsyouyourownvideoimage.Seeingyourimagemakesithardtoresistevaluatingyourself,9.isstressfulandoftenlowersyourmood.Thesolution10.thisoneissimple:Hidetheself-viewwindowandfocusinsteadonothersinthemeetingandthetopicofdiscussion.

参考答案UNIT4单元提能强化练Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了计算机理解人类肢体语言的详细步骤。1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So,softwarefirsthastorecognisetheshapeofahumanbodyandthenmapoutthekeypointsofourbody.”可知,要让计算机理解人类的肢体语言,最重要的是软件。故选C项。2.D推理判断题。根据第三段“Butunderstandingthatanimageesprettyeasily.”以及第四段“Butcomputersneedtoseeaton...sameorsimilarstancewiththatemotion.”可知,因为肘部、膝盖或一张脸的图像对计算机理解人类肢体语言并没有多大好处,所以计算机关注可以传达情绪的脸(面部表情)和手(肢体语言)。因此,把情绪被分为肢体语言和面部表情是为了让计算机识别它们背后的意义。故选D项。3.B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的上下文“Butcomputers...sameorsimilarstancewiththatemotion.”可知,计算机识别的是特定肢体语言背后的意义;通过越来越多肢体语言的例子,计算机可以识别出那种肢体语言情绪状况下相同或相似的意思。故画线词意思是“意义”。故选B项。4.A主旨大意题。根据第一段“Gettingcomputerstounderstand...whatyourbodylanguageissaying.”并结合全文内容可知,本文主要说明了计算机理解人类肢体语言的详细步骤。A项“计算机是如何识别肢体语言的”最符合本文大意。故选A项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了LaGomera岛上的口哨语SilboGomero。5.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Itstartedtodieoutwhenthetelephonearrivedandtheislandwasopentotourism.”可知,现代技术的到来是SilboGomero濒临消亡的原因。故选B项。6.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ItsoundslikebirdsongandwasdevelopedthousandsofyearsagobyislanderstoenablethemtocommunicateuptotwomilesacrossLaGomera’svalleys.”可知,SilboGomero被发明出来是为了进行远距离交流。故选C项。7.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheCanaryIslandsgovernmentisprovidingfundingtohelpschoolchildrenonLaGomeratolearnthisancientwhistlinglanguageaspartoftheirheritage.”可知,为了拯救SilboGomero,当地政府提供了财政援助。故选A项。8.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“SilboGomeroisanancientlanguageofwhistlethatenabledpeopletocommunicateacrosslongdistancesbeforetheinventionofthetelephoneorthecomputer.”以及文章内容可知,本文写作的目的是介绍LaGomera岛上濒临消亡的口哨语SilboGomero。故选D项。Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。在疫情期间,社交距离极大地改变了我们在非语言交流方面的方式。对此文章给出了快速阅读肢体语言的建议。1.G上文“Wearingafacemaskhasquicklybecomethenorm—andthatwilllikelyremainfortheforeseeablefuture.”说明人们戴口罩时脸会被隐藏一半。下文“Howcanwebetterreadbodylanguage,nowthatwe’rewearingmasks?”说明,在脸被隐藏的情况下,我们仍旧要辨别人们所想。G项“但是,由于隐藏了近一半的脸,因此很难分辨出一个人的想法和感受”承上启下,符合语境。故选G项。2.E根据上文“Toooften,weputallourfocusonpeople’sfaces,whenweshouldalsobeobservingthemovementsoftheirentireupperbodies.”可知,在观察不到脸的同时,我们应注意观察人们的肢体语言,通过肢体语言来解读人们的心理。E项“肢体语言是一个人情绪状况的外在