2026年高考真题-英语（全国二卷） 含解析

高考资源网（www.）您身边的高考专家第1页/共1页英语试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在本试卷上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。涂写在本试卷上无效。3．作答非选择题时，将答案书写在答题卡上，书写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhyisRosegoingdowntown?A.Tohostaparty. B.TopickupKevin. C.Tobuyagift.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:We’regoingtotheparkforapicnic.Wouldyouliketocome,Rose?W:I’dloveto,butIhavetogodowntowntogetKevinabirthdaypresent.Heinvitedmetohisparty.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisLarryunhappyaboutregardingtheswimmingclass?A.Theslowprogress. B.Thecoldwater. C.Thepoorfacilities.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Larry,howisyourswimmingclassgoing?M:Well,believeitornot,wehaven’ttouchedthewatersofar.It’sjustthesamebody-buildingexerciseseveryday.W:Nohurry,it’llbefine.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakershavefordinner?A.Carrots. B.Beans. C.Potatoes.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:What’sfordinnertonight?W:Bakedbeans.M:Notbeansagain.Irememberwe’vegotsomecarrotsandpotatoesleft.W:Weatethemupyesterday.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Tidyuphisoffice. B.Workfromhome. C.Getsomerelaxation.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Youarealwaysworkingintheofficeandathome.Youshouldgotoparksortotheatres.M:Ihavenotimeforparksortheatres,honey.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoweknowaboutJudy?A.Sheisquiet. B.Sheispolite. C.Sheishumorous.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:DoyouknowHelenandJudyintheITdepartment?W:Sure,westudiedinthesameuniversity.Helenislivelyandtalkative,whileJudyisjusttheopposite.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Bookaticket. B.Confirmaseat. C.Rescheduleaflight.7.WhenwillthemanleaveforSwansea?A.OnJune15th. B.OnJune17th. C.OnJune18th.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,sir.CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,I’vebookedaticketforJune22ndtoSwansea.I’dliketoseeifthere’sanearlierflightavailable.W:Whatdatedoyouhaveinmind?M:I’dpreferthe18th,ifpossible.W:I’msorry.Therearenodeparturesforthe18th.Wehaveaflightleavingonthe15thandthe17th.Willeitherofthesedaysworkforyou?M:The17thwouldworkbetterforme.Thankyou.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Asportsjournalist. B.Aprivatedoctor. C.Afitnesstrainer.9.HowdidAlexfeelbeforeclimbing?A.Deeplyregretful. B.Quiteembarrassed. C.Fairlynervous.10.WhatwillAlexdothisafternoon?A.Takeagoodrest. B.Dostrengthtraining. C.Goclimbingagain.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:Congratulations,Alex.You’vejustsetarecordinrockclimbing.Howdoyoufeelnow?M:Honestly,Ifeelgreat.It’sexactlywhatI’dhopedfor.W:Tellusaboutyourstateofmindbeforeyoustarted.M:Well,myheartwasracingforafewmoments.Imean,it’sahugewallaboveyouwithaglass-smoothsurfaceandnohand-holds.W:Areyougoingtoclimbmoretoday?M:Probablynot,butI’lldosomestrengthtrainingthisafternoon.Therewillbemorechallengesahead.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Bob’scareerplan. B.Ajobopening. C.Studentloans.12.WhatadvicedoesthewomangiveBob?A.Aimhigh. B.Becreative. C.Thinktwice.13.WhatisBob’sfinaldecision?A.Tosetuphisownbusiness.B.Topursuefurthereducation.C.Toacceptthejoboffer.【答案】11.A12.C13.A【解析】【原文】W:Howwasyourinterview,Bob?M:Itwasbad.Ididn’tgetthejob.W:Ohno,I’msorrytohearthat.M:Youknowwhat,IthinkI’vechangedmymind.Iwanttotrysomethingdifferent.MaybeIdon’thavetoworkforsomeoneelse.Imightstartmyownbusiness.W:Oh?Whatkindofbusiness?M:Whataboutopeningasmallrestaurant?W:Well,butareyoupreparedbothmentallyandfinancially?M:IcanstartfromwhatIhave,andIthinkI’mreadytodoit.W:It’seasiersaidthandone,Bob.Youshouldgiveitmorethought.M:Understood.I’llchooseagoodlocationformyrestaurant,andI’lldosomecarefulresearchtogetofftoasolidstart.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whobrokethetoyhouse?A.Sophia. B.Henry. C.Sally.15.Whydothespeakersworryaboutrebuildingthetoyhouse?A.Theyareshortoftime.B.Somepartsaremissing.C.Thedirectionsareconfusing.16.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?A.Fixthewindowsanddoors.B.Orderanewtoyhouse.C.Asksomeoneforhelp.【答案】14.B15.A16.C【解析】【详解】M:Sally,areyoubusynow?Ineedsomehelp.W:Sure,Henry.WhatcanIdo?M:IbrokeSophia’stoyhouseyesterday.Ineedtorebuilditforher.W:Doessheknow?M:Yeah…shewasreallyupset.ItoldherI’dfinishrebuildingitbeforeshegetsbackfromschool.I’mnotsureIcangetitdoneinjusttwohours.W:Don’tworry,honey.Justputtingtogethersomewoodpiecesshouldn’tbethatdifficult.M:It’smorecomplicatedthanthat.Weneedtoputinallthosewindowsanddoorstoo.W:Whydon’twejustbuildasimpleronewithoutthosesmallparts?M:No,wecan’t.I’vepromisedSophiaatoyhousejustliketheoldone.W:Well,you’reright,butitwilltakeusforevertobuildit.MaybeweshouldfindSophia’sgrandpatohelpus.M:Goodidea.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatwasthegroup’sfirststopinMelbourne?A.TownHall. B.EurekaTower. C.Chinatown.18.Wheredidthegroupmeetafamouswriter?A.AttheStateLibrary. B.IntheBotanicalGardens. C.OnSwantonStreet.19.Howlongdoesthegroup’striplast?A.Twodays. B.Threedays. C.Fourdays.20.Whatisthegroupgoingtodonext?A.Goforlunch. B.Returntoschool. C.Writeareview.【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.B【解析】【原文】Okay,nowlet’sbrieflyreviewwhatwehavedoneinthepastfewdays.WesetoffonMondaymorningandarrivedinMelbourneafteratwo-hourbusride,westartedwithaguidedtourofEurekaTower.Afterlunch,wewalkedalongCollinsStreet,takingintheviewofTownHall.WethentookawalkthroughChinatowntotheStateLibrary.Unexpectedly,wealsometMarkusZusak,theauthorofTheBookThief,atthelibraryonTuesdaymorning.Weenjoyedthebeautyofthebotanicalgardens,followedbyatouroftheVictoriaParliamentHouseintheafternoon.TodayisWednesday.WespentmostofthemorningonSwanstonStreetstudyingthehistoricarchitecture.Nowwe’vefinishedlunch.It’stimetoheadbacktoschool,andyoucanenjoytheviewsthroughthebuswindowsontheway.Abigthankyoutomyfellowteachersandparentvolunteersforyourwonderfulhelp.Thestudentshadagreattimeandlearnedalot.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBestChineseRestaurantsAroundD.C.TheD.C.areaishometomanyoutstandingChineserestaurants,butdinerswillingtotraveloutsidethecitylimitswillalsoberewarded.PandaGourmetThisnot-so-hidden-anymorefinerestaurantforSichuancuisineisinsidetheDaysInnoffNewYorkAvenue.Dandannoodlesandmapotofuaresurebets.PandaGourmetoffersonlineorderingfortakeout,anddeliveryisnowanoption.Openfrom11:00a.m.to9:45p.m.ClosedonTuesday.2700NewYorkAveNE,Washington,DC20002ShanghaiTasteShanghaiTasteoffersarguablythebestsoupdumplingsinthearea.Italsoservesavarietyofchef’sspecials,beefwithricecakes,andmore.Therestaurantisopenfrom11:00a.m.to9:00p.m.TuesdaythroughSunday,offeringcall-inordersandpickups.1121NelsonSt,Rockville,MD20850GourmetInspirationsThespaciousdiningroomisregularlyfilledwithcustomersenjoyingdumplingsandavarietyofnoodleandricedishes.Customerscanalsoplacepickupordersonlineforlunchordinneruntil8:00p.m.sixdaysaweek.ClosedonTuesday.2646UniversityBlvdW,SilverSpring,MD20902Queen’sEnglishThisniceCantoneserestaurantinColumbiaHeightsquicklybecameadestinationforchefHenjiCheung’sHongKong-stylecookingandco-ownerSarahThompson’snaturalwinelistthatearnedheraMichelinnod.Reserveaspotindoors,atitschef’scounter,orcovereddog-friendlypatio(露台),withcreativewinetastingsinthemix.Dinnerhours:TuesdaythroughThursday5:30p.m.—9:00p.m.(lastseating);FridayandSaturday5:00p.m.—9:30p.m.(lastseating).ClosedonSundayandMonday.341011thStNW,Washington,DC2001021.WhatserviceisavailableonlyatPandaGourmet?A.Call-inorders. B.Freepacking.C.Takeoutdelivery. D.Onlinepickuporders.22.Whichrestaurantcanyougotoforbeefwithricecakes?A.PandaGourmet. B.ShanghaiTaste.C.GourmetInspirations. D.Queen’sEnglish.23.WhatdoweknowabouttheCantoneserestaurantinColumbiaHeights?A.Itisopenonlyonweekdays. B.Itadoptsano-petpolicy.C.Ittakesnoreservations. D.Itservesonlydinner.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍华盛顿特区及周边四家知名中餐馆的菜品、订餐方式、营业时间与详细地址信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据PandaGourmet部分中的“PandaGourmetoffersonlineorderingfortakeout,anddeliveryisnowanoption.(熊猫美食家餐厅支持线上点外卖，如今也可以配送。)”可知，该店独有外卖配送服务。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据ShanghaiTaste部分中的“Italsoservesavarietyofchef’sspecials,beefwithricecakes,andmore.(这家店还供应多款主厨特色菜、年糕牛肉以及其他菜品。)”可知，想要吃年糕牛肉可以去ShanghaiTaste。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Queen’sEnglish部分中的“Dinnerhours:TuesdaythroughThursday5:30p.m.—9:00p.m.(lastseating);FridayandSaturday5:00p.m.—9:30pm(lastseating).ClosedonSundayandMonday.(晚餐营业时间：周二至周四下午5点30分到晚上9点；周五、周六下午5点到晚上9点30分；周日、周一歇业。)”可知，这家餐厅只供应晚餐。BRolandReisleyturned101yearsoldinMayandisinremarkablehealth.Butthat’snotthethingheprideshimselfon.“IamthelastoriginalclientofFrankLloydWright,stilllivinginthehomehedesignedforme,”Reisleysaid,sittinginthebrightopenlivingroomofthehomedesignedbythefamousarchitect.ThehousewhereReisleyhaslivedfor73yearsislocatedinthewoodsofWestchesterCounty,NewYork,just30milesnorthofManhattan.It’soneof47thatmakeupthepeacefulmid-20th-centurymodernvillageofUsonia.Backin1951,Reisleywasjust26,newlymarriedandreadytoputdownroots.HeandhiswifebeganlookingforaplaceinManhattan.Butwhattheyliked,theycouldn’taffordonhissoundengineer’ssalaryandwhattheycould,theydidn’tlike.ThentheyheardaboutUsonia.Ontheirfirsttripout,theyweregreetedwithsuchenthusiasmfromthe10familieswho’dalreadyestablishedhomestherethattheydecidedtojoin.ThehousehassignatureWrightfeatures.Itismadewithlocalmaterials,hasaflatroof,woodpaneling,concretefloorsandcustom-madefurniture.Overthedecades,Reisleyhasopenedhisdoorstovisitors.ThehouseisnowlistedontheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces.Reisleysaidhe’striedhisbesttobeagoodsteward(管家)notjustoftheWrightcreationhelivesin,butallothersaswell.Heco-foundedtheFrankLloydWrightBuildingConservancy,anorganizationengagedinthepreservationofallofWright’sremainingbuildings.Reisleybelievesthathisdevotiontothehomeandthecommunityarewhathavekepthiminsuchgoodhealthalloftheseyears.24.HowdoesReisleyfeelabouthavingWrightashishousedesigner?A.Honored. B.Amused. C.Stressed. D.Inspired.25.WhatmadeReisleyfinallydecidetosettledowninUsonia?A.Itsnaturalenvironment. B.Itslarge-sizedhouses.C.Theconvenienceofitslocation. D.Thewarmthofitsresidents.26.WhatcanwelearnaboutReisley’shouse?A.Itisolderthanitsowner. B.Ituseslocalmaterials.C.Ithasapointedroof. D.Itisputupforsale.27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutReisleyfromthelastparagraph?A.HeisveryattachedtoWrightbuildings.B.Heisdevotedtohealtheducation.C.Heisanexpertinhomedecoration.D.Heispassionateabouttourism.【答案】24.A25.D26.B27.A【解析】【导语】主要讲述百岁老人赖斯利住在赖特为他设计的老宅中，守护建筑并投身赖特建筑保护事业的故事。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Butthat’snotthethingheprideshimselfon.“IamthelastoriginalclientofFrankLloydWright,stilllivinginthehomehedesignedforme,”Reisleysaid,sittinginthebrightopenlivingroomofthehomedesignedbythefamousarchitect.(但这并不是他引以为傲的事。赖斯利坐在这位知名建筑师设计的房子明亮开阔的客厅里说道：“我是弗兰克・劳埃德・赖特最后一位在世的原始业主，仍然住在他为我设计的房子里。”)”可知，莱斯利以此为荣，内心倍感荣幸。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ThentheyheardaboutUsonia.Ontheirfirsttripout,theyweregreetedwithsuchenthusiasmfromthe10familieswho’dalreadyestablishedhomestherethattheydecidedtojoin.(后来他们听说了尤索尼亚。他们第一次前去时，已经定居在那里的十户人家热情地接待了他们，于是他们决定搬来定居。)”可知，当地居民的热情温暖打动了他，促使他定居于尤索尼亚。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ThehousehassignatureWrightfeatures.Itismadewithlocalmaterials,hasaflatroof,woodpaneling,concretefloorsandcustom-madefurniture.(这座房子有着赖特标志性风格，采用本地材料建造，平顶、木镶板、水泥地面以及定制家具。)”可知，关于莱斯利的房子，我们能了解到它使用了当地材料。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reisleysaidhe’striedhisbesttobeagoodsteward(管家)notjustoftheWrightcreationhelivesin,butallothersaswell.Heco-foundedtheFrankLloydWrightBuildingConservancy,anorganizationengagedinthepreservationofallofWright’sremainingbuildings.(赖斯利说他尽力好好守护自己居住的赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品；他联合创立保护协会，专门留存赖特现存建筑。)”可知，赖斯利深深眷恋、珍视所有赖特设计的建筑，由此推断出赖斯利对赖特的建筑怀有深厚感情。CThepeakofMountQomolangma,8,849metersabovesealevel.Chimborazo,6,263m;MontBlanc,4,806m;Pradidalihut,atthefootofthePalagroupintheDolomites,2,278m.Itiscommonpracticetoprovidetheelevation(高度)ofaplace.Simplereadingsarenowreadilyavailableonourphonesandwearables.Butelevationisnecessarilyrelative:onlythechoiceofareferencepointallowsustoexpressnumericallytheheightofanobjectoralocation.Theideaofsealevelasareferencepointforelevationshasbynowbeenaroundforsolongastogoessentiallyunnoticed-wementionitwithoutevenconsideringwhatitmeans.Thattheconcepthasahistoryiseasilyignored.Wetendtoforgetthatsealevelisaproductoftechnicallyandculturallydeterminedassumptions.Inthisbook,Itellastoryoftheseassumptions.Appropriately,thebooktookshapeduringasummerspentbetweenseaandmountains.AmonthaftervisitingtheFrenchRivieraandenjoyingthesandybeachesofNiceandMenton,IwenthikingwithfriendsinthePalagroup.RestingonapassnearthePradidalihut,webegandiscussingthereadingsofferedbyouraltimeters(测高仪).Whydidtheyvaryeversoslightlyfromoneinstrumenttothenext?Thissenseofuncertaintyledmetothinkaboutthemeaningofzero.ThisishowIbeganmysearchfortheconceptualhistoryofsealevel.InthisbookIexaminethreecrucialstagesinthehistoryofmeansealevel.Thesestagesmirrorthedevelopmentofhumanconceptionsofthesea.SinceIbeganthinkingaboutthisprojectinAugust2011,theissueofsea-levelriseandtheneedtoplaceithistoricallyhaveonlybecomemoreurgent:betweenthenandtheendof2022theglobalsearosebyalmost5centimeters,abouthalfoftheoverallriserecordedbysatellitessince1993.28.Whatdoestheauthorpointoutatthebeginningofthetext?A.Somemountainsaregettinghigher. B.Dataonwearablesaremisleading.C.Theconceptofelevationisrelative. D.Thereferencepointishardtolocate.29.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Howthealtimeterwasinvented. B.Whatinitiatedtheauthor’sresearch.C.Whythedigitalreadingsvaried. D.Wheretheauthorspenthisholiday.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertointhelastparagraph?A.Thebook. B.Theproject. C.Theissue. D.Thedevelopment.31.Whatcanbethetitleofthebookmentionedinthetext?A.TheAltimeter:AMust-Have B.SeaLevel:AHistoryC.MeaningofZero:NothingorEverything D.MountainstoSeas:UpsandDowns【答案】28.C29.B30.C31.B【解析】【导语】文章主要探讨了海拔高度的相对性，以及海平面作为参考点的历史演变。作者通过个人经历引出对海平面概念的思考，并介绍了其著作中关于平均海平面历史的研究。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butelevationisnecessarilyrelative:onlythechoiceofareferencepointallowsustoexpressnumericallytheheightofanobjectoralocation.(但海拔必定是相对的：只有选择一个参考点，我们才能用数字表达一个物体或位置的高度。)”可知，作者在文章开头指出海拔的概念是相对的。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“RestingonapassnearthePradidalihut,webegandiscussingthereadingsofferedbyouraltimeters(测高仪).Whydidtheyvaryeversoslightlyfromoneinstrumenttothenext?Thissenseofuncertaintyledmetothinkaboutthemeaningofzero.ThisishowIbeganmysearchfortheconceptualhistoryofsealevel.(在Pradidali小屋附近的山口休息时，我们开始讨论测高仪上的读数。为什么不同仪器之间的读数略有差异？这种不确定性让我开始思考零的含义。这就是我开始探究海平面概念史的原因。)”可推知，本段主要讲述了作者研究工作的起因。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段“SinceIbeganthinkingaboutthisprojectinAugust2011,theissueofsea-levelriseandtheneedtoplaceithistoricallyhaveonlybecomemoreurgent:betweenthenandtheendof2022theglobalsearosebyalmost5centimeters,abouthalfoftheoverallriserecordedbysatellitessince1993.(自从我在2011年8月开始思考这个项目以来，海平面上升的问题以及将它置于历史背景下的必要性变得愈发紧迫：从那时到2022年底，全球海平面上升了近5厘米，约占自1993年以来卫星记录的总体上升幅度的一半。)”可知，划线词“it”指代前文提到的“theissueofsea-levelrise”中的“theissue”，即海平面上升的问题。【31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第二段“Thattheconcepthasahistoryiseasilyignored.Wetendtoforgetthatsealevelisaproductoftechnicallyandculturallydeterminedassumptions.Inthisbook,Itellastoryoftheseassumptions.(这个概念有一段历史很容易被忽视。我们往往忘记海平面是技术和文化决定的假设的产物。在这本书中，我讲述了这些假设的故事。)”以及第四段“InthisbookIexaminethreecrucialstagesinthehistoryofmeansealevel.(在这本书中，我考察了平均海平面历史的三个关键阶段。)”可推知，该书主要探讨海平面的历史。因此，这本书最合适的标题是“海平面：一段历史”。DTheBarcelonasubwaypullsintothestation,thedoorsslideopenandpassengerspourouttogoabouttheirdailybusiness.Littledotheyknowthatastheydoso,aburstofenergyissentuptostreetleveltohelpchargeanelectriccar.Barcelonahasputtogetherapackageofcleanenergytechnologiestohelppublictransportationgogreener,whilealsodoingitsparttotackleclimatechangeandaidEurope’sdifficultshifttotheprivatelyownedelectricvehiclemarket.SixteenstationsofBarcelona’ssubwaysystemarepartofitsnewMetroChargeproject,wherebytheenergyfromtheundergroundtrains’brakes(刹车)isusedtopowerthetrainsandthestationsthemselves,whiletheremainderissentsnakingthroughcables(电缆)tothesurfacetopowerplug-instationsforprivatelyownedvehicles.BernardoEspinoza,anengineerwhotakesthesubwayeveryday,ownsanelectriccar.“Iampleasantlysurprised,becauseIamalwayslookingforwheretoplugitin,”Espinozasaidbeforecatchingthesubwayinaworking-classareaofsouthernBarcelona.“Andifitisfromenergyfromthetrains’brakes,thenevenbetter.”Regenerativebrakeshavebeenintrainsfordecadesandarealsousedinsomecars.Theyconsistofanelectricmotorwhichcollectsenergyusedinthebrakingactionthatwouldbelostasheatbyconventionalbrakes.Thatenergycanbeimmediatelyusedtoaccelerate(加速)thevehicleor,inthecaseoftheBarcelonasubwaysystem,sentalongcablestosupplyelectricityforthestationorforelectriccarchargers.AlvaroLuna,aprofessorofelectricalengineering,saidthatthesystemisinnovativeinsofarasitallowsforrecycledenergytoberedirectedtospecificlocaluses—inthiscasepoweringelectriccarsparkednearby.That,hesaid,boostsefficiency.32.WhydoesBarcelonalaunchtheMetroChargeproject?A.Tofuelthecity’seconomy. B.Toenhancepassengers’experience.C.Topromotegreentransportation. D.Toraisethequalityofelectriccars.33.WhatisEspinoza’sconcern?A.Howtocuthistravelexpenses. B.Wheretogetaparkingspace.C.Howtoavoidrush-hourtraffic. D.Wheretofindachargingpoint.34.Whataspectofregenerativebrakesisdiscussedinparagraph5?A.Theiroperatingconditions. B.Theirconventionalstandard.C.Theirpotentialrisks. D.Theirworkingmechanism.35.WhatdidLunasayaboutthesystem?A.Itusesreclaimedenergycreatively. B.Itimprovesworkers’efficiency.C.Itprioritizesthesafetyoftrains. D.Itgeneratesjobsforthelocals.【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.A【解析】【导语】文章主要介绍了巴塞罗那推出的地铁能量回收项目，利用列车刹车余能为电车充电桩供电，实现绿色交通与能源高效利用。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Barcelonahasputtogetherapackageofcleanenergytechnologiestohelppublictransportationgogreener,whilealsodoingitsparttotackleclimatechangeandaidEurope’sdifficultshifttotheprivatelyownedelectricvehiclemarket.(巴塞罗那整合了一整套清洁能源技术，助力公共交通走向绿色环保，同时为应对气候变化出力，并助力欧洲艰难转向私人电动汽车市场。)”可知，该项目目的是推广绿色交通。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的““Iampleasantlysurprised,becauseIamalwayslookingforwheretoplugitin,”Espinozasaidbeforecatchingthesubwayinaworking-classareaofsouthernBarcelona.(埃斯皮诺萨在巴塞罗那南部一处工人街区搭乘地铁前说道：“我又惊喜又开心，我总在四处找地方给车充电。”)”可知，埃斯皮诺萨一直发愁找不到充电桩。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Theyconsistofanelectricmotorwhichcollectsenergyusedinthebrakingactionthatwouldbelostasheatbyconventionalbrakes.Thatenergycanbeimmediatelyusedtoacceleratethevehicleor,inthecaseoftheBarcelonasubwaysystem,sentalongcablestosupplyelectricityforthestationorforelectriccarchargers.(它们由一个电动机构成，该电动机会收集刹车动作中产生的能量——这些能量在传统刹车系统中会以热量的形式散失掉。这些能量可以立即用于加速车辆，或者在巴塞罗那地铁系统的情况下，通过电缆输送，为车站或电动汽车充电桩供电。)”可知，本段介绍了再生刹车的工作原理。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中的“AlvaroLuna,aprofessorofelectricalengineering,saidthatthesystemisinnovativeinsofarasitallowsforrecycledenergytoberedirectedtospecificlocaluses—inthiscasepoweringelectriccarsparkednearby.(电气工程教授阿尔瓦罗・卢纳表示，这套系统颇具创新性，原因在于它能将回收的电能重新调配，用于当地特定用途——本案例中就是为停在附近的电动汽车供电。)”可知，卢纳认为该系统创新性地利用了回收能源。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystoTeachKidsWorkEthicEarlyEverwatchedyourchildtrytogetoutofdoinghouseworkbymakingexcuses?Ifonlytheefforttheyputintoavoidingresponsibilitycouldberedirectedinto,well,actualresponsibility.Infact,buildingworkethic(道德)inkidsdoesn’trequiremilitary-styledrills.Herearefoursimpleandpracticalways.●Makehouseworkpartofthefamilyroutine.Involveyourchildinthedailyrunningofthehouse:tidyingtoys,feedingthedog,wateringtheplants.

____36____

Whenthetasksbecomeasroutineasbrushingteeth,kidsinternalisethathelpingwithhouseworkissimplypartoflife.●____37____Youcan’texpectyourchildtotackletheirtaskswithenthusiasmwhileyou’recomplainingaboutloadingthedishwasher.Ifyourchildseesyouenjoyingyourworkandtakingprideinajobwelldone,they’refarmorelikelytodothesame.●Builddeterminationthroughgoals.____38____Sometimesyouhavetohelpthemfindtheir“thing.”Setsmall,achievablegoalstogetherwiththemandcelebrateprogress,notperfection.Thetrickistoletthemstruggleabit—resisttheurgetohelpfixthingsthemomenttheyexperienceasetback.●Treatmistakesasopportunities.Fewthingsstrikefearintoachild’sheartliketheprospectoffailing.Thebestwayistonormalisemistakesasanaturalpartoflearning.Whenkidsmessup,don’tjumpinwitharescuemission.____39____Teachingkidsworkethicistogentlyandconsistentlypushthemtowardresponsibility,determination,andprideintheirefforts.____40____Noworry.Thosehabitsyou’rebuildingnowaresettingyourchildupforalifetimeofresilience(韧性)andsatisfaction.A.Thekeyisconsistency.B.Helpkidsdevelopanalyticalskills.C.Modeltheworkethicyouwanttosee.D.Instead,encouragethemtododifferentlynexttime.E.Sometimes,acleanerlivingroomisthebestreward.F.Progresscanbeslow,andyou’llwonderifit’sallsinkingin.G.Noteverychildisbornwiththewillpowerofamarathonrunner.【答案】36.A37.C38.G39.D40.F【解析】【导语】文章介绍了四种从小培养孩子劳动品质的实用方法。【36题详解】根据空前“Involveyourchildinthedailyrunningofthehouse:tidyingtoys,feedingthedog,wateringtheplants.(让孩子参与家庭日常事务：整理玩具、喂狗、浇花。)”以及空后“Whenthetasksbecomeasroutineasbrushingteeth,kidsinternalisethathelpingwithhouseworkissimplypartoflife.(当做家务变得像刷牙一样常规化，孩子就会从内心认同做家务是生活的一部分。)”可知，前文给出具体家务内容，后文强调把家务固化成日常习惯，能让孩子形成观念，想要实现这个转变，核心要素就是持之以恒。A选项“Thekeyisconsistency.(关键在于持之以恒。)”，句中consistency对应后文routine，点明坚持常态化做家务是养成习惯的核心逻辑。【37题详解】分析文章结构，该空为本段小标题，其余小标题均为简洁祈使句；根据本段后文“Youcan’texpectyourchildtotackletheirtaskswithenthusiasmwhileyou’recomplainingaboutloadingthedishwasher.Ifyourchildseesyouenjoyingyourworkandtakingprideinajobwelldone,they’refarmorelikelytodothesame.(你不能指望孩子满怀热情地处理自己的任务，而你自己却在抱怨把洗碗机里的碗碟摆好。如果你的孩子看到你享受工作、并为自己出色完成的事情感到自豪，他们就更有可能也这样做。)”可知，整段核心是家长自身行为会被孩子模仿，家长要做好榜样。C选项“Modeltheworkethicyouwanttosee.(树立你希望孩子拥有的劳动榜样。)”概括本段内容，适合做小标题。【38题详解】本段小标题是“Builddeterminationthroughgoals.(借助目标培养意志力。)”；根据空后“Sometimesyouhavetohelpthemfindtheir“thing.”Setsmall,achievablegoalstogetherwiththemandcelebrateprogress,notperfection.Thetrickistoletthemstruggleabit—resisttheurgetohelpfixthingsthemomenttheyexperienceasetback.(有时你需要帮孩子找到适合自己的事。和他们一起设定容易达成的小目标，看重进步而非完美。诀窍是让他们适当经历磨砺，不要一遇到挫折就立刻帮忙解决问题。)”可知，后文提出需要借助外力、设定小目标来锻炼意志力，反向说明孩子天生意志力参差不齐，不是所有人天生意志力都很强。G选项“Noteverychildisbornwiththewillpowerofamarathonrunner.(并非每个孩子生来都拥有马拉松运动员那般强大的意志力。)”解释了为什么需要靠目标培养毅力，前后因果通顺，且与本段主题一致。【39题详解】根据空前“Whenkidsmessup,don’tjumpinwitharescuemission.(孩子搞砸事情时，不要立刻出手包揽补救。)”可知，建议家长孩子出现问题不要立刻出手包揽补救，后文需要给出对应的正向替代方案。D选项“Instead,encouragethemtododifferentlynexttime.(取而代之，鼓励他们下次换一种方式处理。)”中instead承接前文不插手的做法，给出引导孩子自主修正错误的具体方式，符合语境。【40题详解】根据空后“Noworry.Thosehabitsyou’rebuildingnowaresettingyourchildupforalifetimeofresilience(韧性)andsatisfaction.(不必担心。你当下正在培养的这些习惯，会让孩子终身拥有抗挫折能力与成就感。)”可知，Noworry是安慰语气，说明空格处必然是家长会产生的顾虑。F选项“Progresscanbeslow,andyou’llwonderifit’sallsinkingin.(进步速度可能很慢，你会疑惑孩子究竟有没有真正听进去、学进去。)”提出家长的焦虑疑惑，后文紧接着进行安抚解释，符合语境。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IneverthoughtIcouldbeawriter.Ididn’tcomefromafamilyconnectedtothe____41____world,whichIperceivedasamajor____42____.Aftermyundergraduatedegree,convincedthatwritingwasn’tforme,I

____43____

tostudyteaching.Thencameanafternoonthat____44____everything.Iwasteachingpoetry,encouragingstudentstowriteabouttheir____45____.Andthen,attheendofthelesson,onechildaskedmeaquestion:“Haveyoualwayswantedtobea

____46____,Miss?”IexplainedthatwhenIwashisage,Iactuallywantedtobeawriter,butIdidn’tthinkIquitehadwhatit____47____.Theboyrepliedwitha____48____look,“Well,youaretellingustoliveourdreamswhenyouhaven’tevendoneityourself.Haveyoueven____49____?”Iwasstruckspeechless—hewas____50____.WhowasIto____51____themon