山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高三上期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高三上期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourMostBeautifulLibrariesWorldwideTherearemanybeautifullibrariesaroundtheworld,andherearefour.Docheckthemout!BodleianLibraryThelibrary’sreadingroomwasoneofthefilminglocationsfortheHogwartsLibraryofHarryPotter.BesidesDanielRadcliffe,theactorwhoplayedHarryPotter,someofitsconfirmedvisitorsareJ.R.R.Tolkien,C.S.Lewis,andOscarWilde.Foundedin1602,thelibraryisagroupoflibrariesthatservetheUniversityofOxford.Thousandsoffamousscholarsandleadersintheirownfieldssaidtheyoncestudiedinthelibrary,nottomentionthefivekings,72NobelPrizewinners,and28primeministersthatgraduatedfromOxford.RoyalLibraryofSanLorenzodeElEscorialThelibrarywasbuiltundertheordersofKingPhilipIIbetween1563and1584.ItusedtobethelargestRenaissancebuildingintheworldandisnowaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Ithasover40,000booksinLatin,anish,Arabic,Greek,andmanyotherlanguages.Thefrescoes(壁画)ontheceilingsareimpressive.AustrianNationalLibraryAcollectionof12millionobjectsmakesthelibrarythelargestoneinAustria.LocatedatthecenteristhesymbolicstatehallPrunksaal,whichbegantobebuiltin1721andendedupwithalotofartforms,fromfrescoestostatues.ThehallwontheAustrianNationalLibrarythename“Gesamtkunstwerk(totalworkofart)”.Sainte-GenevièveLibraryBuiltuponthecollectionsatfirstfromtheAbbeyofStGenevievefoundedsincethe6thcentury,thelibraryishistoric.Butthemostexcitingpartofthebuildingisthe19th-centuryreadingroom.Thismodernistadditionwasbuiltbetween1838and1851byarchitectHenriLabrouste,oneofthemostfamousFrencharchitectsofthetime.Thelibrarynowholds2milliondocumentsandisapartoftheUniversityofParis.1.Whatdothenumbersmentionedinparagraph2show?A.Thelibrary’slargesize. B.Thelibrary’slargecollection.C.Thelibrary’sroleinOxford’shistory. D.Thelibrary’soutstandingachievements.2.WhyisAustrianNationalLibrarycalledGesamtkunstwerk?A.Itislocatedatagoodplace. B.Itcollectsfamousartworks.C.Ithasanimpressivestatehall. D.ItisthelargestoneinAustria.3.Whatdothefourlibrarieshaveincommon?A.Theyhavealongandrichhistory. B.TheyareontheWorldHeritageList.C.Theyhavefamousfrescoesandstatues. D.Theyarekeypartoffamousuniversities.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。这篇文章主要介绍了世界四大最美的图书馆：牛津大学博德利图书馆、埃斯科里亚尔圣洛伦索皇家图书馆、奥地利国家图书馆和圣热纳维耶芙图书馆。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Foundedin1602,thelibraryisagroupoflibrariesthatservetheUniversityofOxford.Thousandsoffamousscholarsandleadersintheirownfieldssaidtheyoncestudiedinthelibrary,nottomentionthefivekings,72NobelPrizewinners,and28primeministersthatgraduatedfromOxford.(牛津大学图书馆成立于1602年，是为牛津大学服务的一组图书馆。从牛津大学毕业的5位国王、72位诺贝尔奖得主、28位首相，成千上万的著名学者和各自领域的领袖都说自己曾经在这里学习过)”可知，第二段提到的数字说明了图书馆在突出成就。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“LocatedatthecenteristhesymbolicstatehallPrunksaal,whichbegantobebuiltin1721andendedupwithalotofartforms,fromfrescoestostatues.ThehallwontheAustrianNationalLibrarythename“Gesamtkunstwerk(totalworkofart)”.(位于中心的是具有象征意义的国家大厅Prunksaal，它于1721年开始建造，并以许多艺术形式结束，从壁画到雕像。该大厅赢得了奥地利国家图书馆“艺术总作品（Gesamtkunstwerk）”的称号)”可知，奥地利国家图书馆被称为Gesamtkunstwerk因为它有一个令人印象深刻的国家大厅。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Foundedin1602,thelibraryisagroupoflibrariesthatservetheUniversityofOxford.Thousandsoffamousscholarsandleadersintheirownfieldssaidtheyoncestudiedinthelibrary,nottomentionthefivekings,72NobelPrizewinners,and28primeministersthatgraduatedfromOxford.(牛津大学图书馆成立于1602年，是为牛津大学服务的一组图书馆。从牛津大学毕业的5位国王、72位诺贝尔奖得主、28位首相，成千上万的著名学者和各自领域的领袖都说自己曾经在这里学习过)”；第三段“ThelibrarywasbuiltundertheordersofKingPhilipIIbetween1563and1584.(这座图书馆是在国王菲利普二世的命令下于1563年至1584年间建造的)”；第四段“LocatedatthecenteristhesymbolicstatehallPrunksaal,whichbegantobebuiltin1721andendedupwithalotofartforms,fromfrescoestostatues.ThehallwontheAustrianNationalLibrarythename“Gesamtkunstwerk(totalworkofart)”.(位于中心的是具有象征意义的国家大厅Prunksaal，它于1721年开始建造，并以许多艺术形式结束，从壁画到雕像。该大厅赢得了奥地利国家图书馆“艺术总作品”的称号)”以及最后一段“Thismodernistadditionwasbuiltbetween1838and1851byarchitectHenriLabrouste,oneofthemostfamousFrencharchitectsofthetime.(这座现代主义建筑建于1838年至1851年间，由当时最著名的法国建筑师之一HenriLabrouste建造)”可知，四个图书馆都有着悠久而丰富的历史。故选A。BTohHongKengisoneoftheoldestmedicalgraduatesintheworld,ifnottheoldest.Attheageof70,theretiredMalaysianmanagergothisdegreefromSouthwesternUniversityPHINMA.“Myfamilyandfriendsweresurprisedatfirst.SeveralofmyfriendsthoughtIwascrazytowanttostudymedicineatthisage,”Tohsaid.“Itwasn’talwayseasy.At65to70yearsold,mymemory,eyesight,hearingandbodyarenotasgoodaswhenIwasyounger.”Afterdecadesworkingasatechseller,heretiredin2019.Afewdayslater,hebeganstudyingandapplyingtomedicalschoolsaroundAsia.“TheonlyreasonwhyIdecidedtodosowasthatIwantedtodosomethinguseful,”hesaid.OneoftheobstaclesTohmetwasfindingauniversitythatwouldadmithim,asmostarejustforapplicantsunder35or40.OnceadmittedtoSouthwesternUniversityPHINMA,hedealtwiththeschoolclosuresduetothepandemic.Hehadtotakeallofhislecturesonline,whichwasnoteasyforhim.“Studyingmedicineishard.It’sjusthardwork,”Tohsaid.Hewasn’tgivenspecialtreatment.Hewasheldbackayearafterfailinganexaminhisthirdyear.Andliketherestofhisclassmates,inhisfinalyear,Tohwasrequiredtocompleteaone-yearplacement(实习工作)atahospital,withsomeshiftslastingupto30hours.That’swhyhisfamilyandclassmatesoftenvisitedhim,inspiringhimtokeepgoing.“Iwasinitiallysurprisedandcuriousaboutwhyhewantedtobecomeadoctorathisage,”oneofhisclassmatessaid.“Despitebeingolder,Tohwasnolessofastudent.Hewasreallycompetitive,andatrueinspiration.I’mproudtohavegraduatedalongsidesucharemarkableindividual.”4.What’sthepurposeofToh’sstudyingmedicine?A.Toimprovehiswork. B.Torealizealifelongdream.C.Tobenefitotherpeople. D.Togivehisfriendsasurprise.5.WhatwasachallengeforTohwhenstudyingmedicine?A.Attendingonlinelectures. B.Gettingadmittedtoafamouscollege.C.Askingforspecialtreatment. D.Findingahospitalforhisplacement.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutTohfromhisclassmate’swords?A.Tohwasasgoodastudentasothers. B.Tohwasabigtroubleforhisclassmates.C.Tohgotalotofhelpfromhisclassmates. D.Tohofteninspiredhisclassmatestokeepgoing.7.Whatmessagedoesthetextconvey?A.Lifelonglearningmattersinmodernsociety. B.Anyonecanpursuetheirdreamsatanyage.C.Universitiesshouldbeopentoolderapplicants. D.Ageisnotaprobleminbecomingatechseller.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了TohHongKen70岁还努力追求自己的医学梦想，讲述了他的求学经历以及他人对他的评价。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheonlyreasonwhyIdecidedtodosowasthatIwantedtodosomethinguseful(我决定这样做的唯一原因是我想做一些有用的事情)”可知，Toh学医的目的是造福他人。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“OnceadmittedtoSouthwesternUniversityPHINMA,hedealtwiththeschoolclosuresduetothepandemic.Hehadtotakeallofhislecturesonline,whichwasnoteasyforhim.(一被西南大学PHINMA录取，他就处理了因疫情而关闭的学校。他必须在线上所有的课，这对他来说并不容易)”可知，Toh学医时遇到的挑战是参加网络讲座。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Despitebeingolder,Tohwasnolessofastudent.Hewasreallycompetitive,andatrueinspiration.(尽管年纪大了，Toh仍然是一个学生。他真的很有竞争力，而且是一个真正的激励)”可知，Toh和其他人一样是个好学生。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“TohHongKengisoneoftheoldestmedicalgraduatesintheworld,ifnottheoldest.Attheageof70,theretiredMalaysianmanagergothisdegreefromSouthwesternUniversityPHINMA.(TohHongKeng是世界上最年长的医学毕业生之一，如果不是最年长的话。这位退休的马来西亚经理在70岁时获得了西南大学PHINMA的学位)”结合文章主要讲述了TohHongKen70岁还努力追求自己的医学梦想，讲述了他的求学经历以及他人对他的评价。可知，这篇文章想要表达任何人在任何年龄都可以追求自己的梦想。故选B。CReadingbooksisoneofthebestthingsyoucando.Readingallowsyoutolearnnewthings,useyourimagination,andcalmdownbeforebed.Butifyouareareader,youmaynothaveenoughroomtostoreallthebooksyouread.Andthecostofbuyingbookskeepsusing.NowanewbuybackprogramintheUKcouldbetheperfectsolution.Booklooprecentlystartedabuy-backprojectwherereaderscantradebookstheyhavealreadyreadforcreditsormorepre-ownedbooks.TheprojectispartofB,anonlineplatformforindependentbooksellers.Bookloopisbeingruninpartnershipwiththebuy-backbookplatformZeerclethatoperatesintheUK,France,Germany,Austria,andSweden.Over10,000booksareprocessedeveryday.Customerscanuploadtheirbookstoavaluationsystemandthendropthebooksoffatacollectionsiteorthebookscanbepickedupfromhome.Thelowestpriceofbookssoldis£5.Sitecreditsaregiventhatcanbeusedforpurchasingotherbooks.ThereturnedbooksaresoldbyZeerclethroughtheonlinemarketplace.“WearegladtoseeBsetupthissystem,whichisagreatwayofrepurposingbooks,andhelpingsupportbookshopsandnewbookpurchases,”saidCharlieRichards,anindependentbookseller.ThebusinessmodelofBisbasedonindependentbooksellerssettingupbookstoresonitswebsite.Theseshopsreceivethefullprofitfromsellingthepre-ownedbooks.Infact,only2%ofthebooksthatweresoldarenotpurchased,andmostoftheseunsoldbooksaredonatedtocharities.“Gettingpre-ownedbookstonewreaderswhilebenefitingbothbookshopsandauthorsfeelsextremelypositive,”saidAmberHarrisonoftheFOLDEstoreinDorset.“Itisareallygreatwayofgettingbooksintothehandsofmorepeople,withoutcostbeingabarrier.”8.Whatisthefirstparagraphintendedtostress?A.Thebenefitsofreadingbooks. B.Thedifficultyinbuyingbooks.C.Theneedforthebuy-backprogram. D.Thegoodsolutionstostoringbooks.9.WhatismentionedabouttheBookloopsystem?A.ItisinspiredbyZeercle.B.Itisdevelopingverywell.C.Itencouragespeopletoreadmorebooks.D.Itchangesthebusinessmodelofbookstores.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pre-owned”inparagraph2mean?A.Used. B.Rare. C.Valuable. D.Expensive.11.WhatmayCharlieRichardsandAmberHarrisonagreewith?A.Bookloopmakesreadingapleasure.B.Theprogramisgoodforbookrecycling.C.Pre-ownedbooksarepopularwithreaders.D.Onlineplatformschangethewaypeopleread.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国的一个书籍回购项目Bookloop，该项目旨在帮助读者处理已读过的书籍，同时支持独立书店和书籍的循环利用。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Butifyouareareader,youmaynothaveenoughroomtostoreallthebooksyouread.Andthecostofbuyingbookskeepsusing.NowanewbuybackprogramintheUKcouldbetheperfectsolution.(但如果你是一个读者，你可能没有足够的空间来存放你读过的所有书。而且买书的成本不断上升。现在英国的一个新的回购项目可能是完美的解决方案。)”可推知，第一段主要强调了回购项目的必要性。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Booklooprecentlystartedabuy-backprojectwherereaderscantradebookstheyhavealreadyreadforcreditsormorepre-ownedbooks.Over10,000booksareprocessedeveryday.(Bookloop最近启动了一个回购项目，读者可以用已经读过的书换取积分或更多的二手书。每天处理超过10,000本书)”可推知，Bookloop系统发展良好。故选B。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“NowanewbuybackprogramintheUKcouldbetheperfectsolution.(现在，英国一项新的回购计划可能是一个完美的解决方案)”可知，根据第二段“Booklooprecentlystartedabuy-backprojectwherereaderscantradebookstheyhavealreadyreadforcreditsormorepre-ownedbooks.(Bookloop最近启动了一个回购项目，读者可以用他们已经读过的书来换取学分或更多的pre-owned书)”可知，读者可以用他们已经读过的书来换二手书。pre-owned与used“使用过的”同义。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“WearegladtoseeBsetupthissystem,whichisagreatwayofrepurposingbooks,andhelpingsupportbookshopsandnewbookpurchases,(我们很高兴看到B建立这个系统，这是一个很好的书籍再利用方式，并帮助支持书店和新书购买)”和最后一段“Gettingpre-ownedbookstonewreaderswhilebenefitingbothbookshopsandauthorsfeelsextremelypositive,(将二手书传递给新读者，同时使书店和作者受益，感觉非常积极)”可推知，两人都认为该计划对书籍回收有益。故选B项。DWhileconductingresearchinthemountainsnearTurinonTephroserisbalbisiana,anunattractiveyellow-floweredplant,DrMartinoAdamo,abiologistattheUniversityofTorinoinItaly,noticeditwaseasiertotrackdowninformationaboutothermorebeautifulspeciesfoundintheregionthantodiscoverthingsabouttheobjectofhisownresearch.Thatledhimtowonderifthewell-provenpreferencesofzoologistsforattractivespeciesalsoextendtobotanists(植物学家).Tofindout,hegatheredateamoffellowresearcherstohelphimanalysetheliteratureonthematter.Tokeeptheprojectwithinbounds,theteamrestrictedtheirattentiontoDrAdamo’soriginalareaofinvestigation:thesouth-westernAlps.Byreviewing280studiesconductedfrom1975to2020on113plantspeciesintheregion,theresearcherscollecteddataontheplants’physicalfeaturessuchassizeandcolor,aswellastheirecologyandrarity.Theanalysisofthedatashowedthatcertainplantswerenotonlymorestudiedthanothers,butalsosharedparticularfeaturesmoreoftenthanwouldbeexpectedbychance.Plantswithblueflowershavebeenwellstudiedeventhoughblueisoneoftheleastcommonflowercolors;plantswithred,pinkorwhiteflowersbeatthosewithbrownorgreenflowers,andplantswithtallstems(茎)alsostoodout.“Ourfindingsdon’tsuggestthatresearchersfocusonprettierplants,”Adamosays,“butratherthatmorenoticeable,easy-to-locateandcolorfulfloweringplantsaretheonesreceivingmoreattention.”Theteamhadexpectedtofindmoreendangeredspeciesamongthemoststudied,butthiswasnotthecase.Thisresultcouldhaveagreatimpactonplantscience,theresearcherssay.“Abias(偏爱)towardattractiveplantscouldmeanwemaybemissingextraordinary,untoldstoriesofhowplantsgrow,evolveandadapt,”saysstudyco-authorKingsleyDixon,abotanistatAustralia’sCurtinUniversity.“Plus,wemaybemissingspeciesthatcouldbeinrapiddecreasetowardextinction,andwedon’thaveevenbasicinformationonseedbankingforconservation.”“Theseresultsshowthatprobablyourunconscious(无意识的)biasesarestrongerthanexpectedinthespecıesmodelselection;thisisnotadisaster,butsomethingtoconsiderwhenplanningfuturework,”Adamoadds.12.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytalkabout?A.Thechallengesforbotanicalresearch.B.Theinspirationforthenewresearch.C.Thelinkbetweenzoologicalandbotanicalresearch.D.Theeffectsofresearchers’preferencesontheresults.13.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Byreferringtopreviousstudies. B.Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.C.Bydoingfieldresearcharoundtheglobe. D.Byconductingasurveyamongbotanists.14.Whatisthefindingofthestudy?A.Plantswithrareflowercoloursareworthyofmoreattention.B.Endangeredspeciestakecentrestageinbotanicalresearch.C.Researchersaremoredrawntoeye-catchingfloweringplants.D.Theappearanceofplantsplayslittleroleinbotanicalresearch.15.Whatdoesthelastbutoneparagraphfocuson?A.Suggestionsforfuturebotanicalresearch.B.Practicalapplicationsoftheresearchresults.C.Solutionsforovercomingthebiasinbotanicalresearch.D.Possibleconsequencesofthebiasinbotanicalresearch.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现更美丽的物种的信息更容易被发现和吸引研究人员的注意力。解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“WhileconductingresearchinthemountainsnearTurinonTephroserisbalbisiana,anunattractiveyellow-floweredplant,DrMartinoAdamo,abiologistattheUniversityofTorinoinItaly,noticeditwaseasiertotrackdowninformationaboutothermorebeautifulspeciesfoundintheregionthantodiscoverthingsabouttheobjectofhisownresearch.Thatledhimtowonderifthewell-provenpreferencesofzoologistsforattractivespeciesalsoextendtobotanists(植物学家).Tofindout,hegatheredateamoffellowresearcherstohelphimanalysetheliteratureonthematter.(意大利都灵大学的生物学家MartinoAdamo博士在都灵附近的山区对一种不起眼的黄花植物Tephroserisbalbisiana进行研究时，发现在该地区发现的其他更美丽的物种的信息比发现他自己研究对象的信息更容易。这让他想知道，动物学家对有吸引力的物种的偏好是否也适用于植物学家。为了找到答案，他召集了一组研究人员来帮助他分析有关这个问题的文献)”可知，第一段主要讲了新研究的灵感。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Byreviewing280studiesconductedfrom1975to2020on113plantspeciesintheregion,theresearcherscollecteddataontheplants’physicalfeaturessuchassizeandcolor,aswellastheirecologyandrarity.(通过回顾1975年至2020年对该地区113种植物进行的280项研究，研究人员收集了植物的大小和颜色等物理特征以及生态和稀有度的数据)”可知，研究人员参考以往的研究进行这项研究。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““Ourfindingsdon’tsuggestthatresearchersfocusonprettierplants,”Adamosays,“butratherthatmorenoticeable,easy-to-locateandcolorfulfloweringplantsaretheonesreceivingmoreattention.”(阿达莫说：“我们的研究结果并不是说研究人员关注的是更漂亮的植物，而是更引人注目、更容易定位、颜色更鲜艳的开花植物更受关注。”)”可知，这项研究发现研究人员更被吸引眼球的开花植物吸引。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Theteamhadexpectedtofindmoreendangeredspeciesamongthemoststudied,butthiswasnotthecase.Thisresultcouldhaveagreatimpactonplantscience,theresearcherssay.“Abias(偏爱)towardattractiveplantscouldmeanwemaybemissingextraordinary,untoldstoriesofhowplantsgrow,evolveandadapt,”saysstudyco-authorKingsleyDixon,abotanistatAustralia’sCurtinUniversity.“Plus,wemaybemissingspeciesthatcouldbeinrapiddecreasetowardextinction,andwedon’thaveevenbasicinformationonseedbankingforconservation.”(研究小组原本希望在研究最多的物种中发现更多濒危物种，但事实并非如此。研究人员说，这一结果可能对植物科学产生重大影响。研究报告的合著者、澳大利亚科廷大学的植物学家金斯利·迪克森说：“对有吸引力的植物的偏见可能意味着我们可能错过了植物如何生长、进化和适应的非凡的、不为人知的故事。此外，我们可能会错过那些可能正在迅速灭绝的物种，我们甚至没有关于种子库保护的基本信息。”)”可知，倒数第二段关注植物研究偏差可能造成的后果。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyouevertoldagoldfishaboutyourday?Complainedtoadogaboutyourbrotherorsister?Maybeyou’veheldacatandtoldhimyourfavoritebedtimestory.Manyanimalsaregreatlisteners.____16____Itmaycomeasnosurprisethatmanyanimalshaveastrongsenseofhearing.Infact,severalcanhearawiderrangeoffrequencies(频率)thanhumanscan.Cats,forexample,hearnoisesbetween45and64.000hertz(Hz).Humansarelimitedtosoundsbetween64and23,000Hz.Othercommonpets,likerabbits,alsohavewiderrangesofhearingthanpeople.____17____Theycanonlysensenoisesbetween20and3,000Hz.Manyotheranimalscanhearanimpressiverangeofsounds.Forexample,elephantscansenseextremelylowfrequencies,allthewaydownto16Hz.____18____However,noneoftheseanimalshavethebesthearing.Thatawardactuallygoestoaninsect.Themoth(蛾)canhearthewidestrangeoffrequencies,goingupto300,000Hz.Researchersthinkthemoth’ssharpsenseofhearingmayhavedevelopedtohelpitescapefromitsmostcommonenemy:thebat.____19____Theirearsmightappeartobeaclearindicationoftheirremarkablehearingabilities.However,animalsdon’tneedbat-likeearstohear.Infact,somedon’thaveearsatall!Theseearlesscreaturesdohear,butatalimited,lowrangeoffrequencies.____20____Justlikehumans,manyanimalsarebornwithouthearingorlosetheabilityafterillnessorinjury.Ifyou’veeverknownadogorcatwithhearingloss,youknowtheyfindothercleverwaystocommunicate,justlikepeopledo.A.Ofcourse,notallanimalscanhear.B.Bats’goodhearinghelpstheminhunting.C.Buthowwelldotheyactuallyhear?D.Goldfish,however,haveratherlimitedhearing.E.Haveyouwonderedwhichanimalhasthebestlisteningrange?F.Thisallowselephantstohearthecloudsmovingthroughtheair.G.Afterall,batshavesomeofthebestearsamongmammals(哺乳动物).【答案】16.C17.D18.F19.G20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同动物的听力范围以及它们的听力能力。文章通过比较人类和动物的听力范围，进一步探讨了某些动物的听力能力如何帮助它们生存。【16题详析】根据上文“Manyanimalsaregreatlisteners.(许多动物都是很好的倾听者)”可知，这里提到动物是好的倾听者，接着需要进一步探讨它们听力的实际能力。C“但他们的听力有多好呢？”切题，且引起下文。故选C项。【17题详析】根据上文“Othercommonpets,likerabbits,alsohavewiderrangesofhearingthanpeople.(其他常见的宠物，如兔子，也比人类的听力范围更广。)”以及下文“Theycanonlysensenoisesbetween20and3,000Hz.(它们只能感知20到3,000赫兹的声音。)”可知，选项与上文为转折关关系关系，说明某些动物的听力范围有限。D“然而，金鱼的听力相当有限”切题。故选D项。【18题详析】上文“Forexample,elephantscansenseextremelylowfrequencies,allthewaydownto16Hz.(例如，大象可以感知极低的频率，低至16赫兹。)”说明大象可以感知极低的频率。F项“这使得大象能够听到云在空气中移动的声音”承接上文，进一步阐述大象可以感知的频率有多低，切题。故选F项。【19题详析】根据下文“Theirearsmightappeartobeaclearindicationoftheirremarkablehearingabilities.(他们的耳朵似乎清楚地表明了他们非凡的听力能力)”可知，选项承接上文说的是蝙蝠的耳朵。故G选项“毕竟，蝙蝠的耳朵是哺乳动物中最好的”切题。故选G项。【20题详析】根据下文“Justlikehumans,manyanimalsarebornwithouthearingorlosetheabilityafterillnessorinjury.(就像人类一样，许多动物天生没有听力，或者在生病或受伤后失去听力)”可推知，并非所有动物都能听到声音。A选项“当然，并非所有动物都能听到”引起下文。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Youmightfindyourselfoccasionallyaskingyourbestfriendahypothetical(假设的)questionlike,“Whatfunwoulditbeifwewereactuallysiblings(兄弟姐妹)?”Well,forJuliaTinettiandCassandraMadison,that____21____cametrue.Thetwometin2013whiletheywereworkingatthesamebarinConnecticut.Theyinstantlybondedovertheir____22____past,havingbothbeenbroughtupbyasingleparentaftertheiradoptionfromtheDominicanRepublic.Afterbeingbest____23____fornearlyadecade,JuliaandCassandra____24____beingtoldhowmuchtheylookedalike,buttheynevergaveittoomuchthought.Butfiveyearsago,Cassandrastartedbecomingmore____25____abouther____26____familyandusedtheDNAtesttobeginher____27____.Soonaftershe____28____withherlong-lostlovedones,shefoundoutthather____29____fatherhad____30____anotheryounggirlforadoption.The____31____madeherjumpinhercarandimmediatelydrivebacktoConnecticuttogetJuliato____32____aDNAtest.OnanightinJanuary2021,Juliafinally____33____it:“Cassandra,Iaminfactyourbiologicalsister.”Herbigsister,tobeexact.Whilethesisterswere____34____broughttogetherbytheirstory,theDNAtestrevealedthattheymighthavebeen____35____toeachotherbymuchmorethanthat.21.A.request B.decision C.wish D.prediction22.A.unknown B.unique C.different D.shared23.A.neighbors B.friends C.roommates D.partners24.A.wereusedto B.lookedforwardto C.wereopposedto D.paidattentionto25.A.honest B.serious C.curious D.upset26.A.host B.birth C.immigrant D.step27.A.search B.challenge C.analysis D.experiment28.A.dealt B.cooperated C.combined D.reunited29.A.biological B.adoptive C.single D.elderly30.A.trackeddown B.turnedto C.givenup D.broughtup31.A.fact B.idea C.goal D.news32.A.pass B.take C.stop D.design33.A.admitted B.realized C.accepted D.confirmed34.A.initially B.suddenly C.gradually D.eventually35.A.compared B.introduced C.drawn D.promised【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.C26.B27.A28.D29.A30.C31.D32.B33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述JuliaTinetti和CassandraMadison相识并成为好友，Cassandra对自己的身世产生好奇心，并通过DNA测试开始寻找。最终，她发现Julia实际上是她的亲生姐姐的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对JuliaTinetti和CassandraMadison来说，这个愿望实现了。A.request要求；B.decision决定；C.wish愿望；D.prediction预测。根据上文“Whatfunwoulditbeifwewereactuallysiblings”可知，Julia和Cassandra两个人希望彼此是亲姐妹，这是一个愿望。故选C。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们从多米尼加共和国被收养后，都是由单亲父母抚养长大，共同的过去让他们很快走到了一起。A.unknown未知的；B.unique独一无二的；C.different不同的；D.shared共有的。根据下文“havingbothbeenbroughtupbyasingleparentaftertheiradoptionfromtheDominicanRepublic.”可知，两个人有共同的经历。故选D。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Julia和Cassandra做了近十年的好朋友，她们已经习惯了别人说她们长得很像，但她们从来没有想太多。A.neighbors邻居；B.friends朋友；C.roommates室友；D.partners搭档。根据上文“Youmightfindyourselfoccasionallyaskingyourbestfriend”可知，Julia和Cassandra是最好的朋友。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Julia和Cassandra做了近十年的好朋友，她们已经习惯了别人说她们长得很像，但她们从来没有想太多。A.wereusedto习惯于；B.lookedforwardto盼望；C.wereopposedto反对；D.paidattentionto关注。根据下文“beingtoldhowmuchtheylookedalike,buttheynevergaveittoomuchthought.”可知，别人认为他们长相相似，Julia和Cassandra从未多想彼此是否有血缘关系，因为已经习以为常。故选A。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但五年前，Cassandra开始对她的亲生家庭产生了更大的好奇，并通过DNA测试开始了她的寻找。A.honest诚实的；B.serious严肃的；C.curious好奇的；D.upset生气的。根据下文“usedtheDNAtest”可知，Cassandra好奇自己的身世，所以才去做DNA测试。故选C。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但五年前，Cassandra开始对她的亲生家庭产生了更大的好奇，并通过DNA测试开始了她的寻找。A.host主人；B.birth出生；C.immigrant移民；D.step步骤。根据下文“usedtheDNAtest”可知，Cassandra想找到自己的亲生家庭关系。所以才去做DNA测试。故选B。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但五年前，Cassandra开始对她的亲生家庭产生了更大的好奇，并通过DNA测试开始了她的寻找。A.search搜索，调查；B.challenge挑战；C.analysis分析；D.experiment实验。根据上文“usedtheDNAtest”可知，Cassandra要开始调查自己的身世。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她与失散多年的亲人团聚后不久，她发现她的生父把另一个小女孩送人收养。A.dealt处理；B.cooperated合作；C.combined结合；D.reunited重聚。根据下文“withherlong-lostlovedones”可知，Cassandra经过DNA测试之后，与自己的亲人团聚了。故选D。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她与失散多年的亲人团聚后不久，她发现她的生父把另一个小女孩送人收养。A.biological生物的；B.adoptive收养的；C.single单身的；D.elderly年长的。根据上文“withherlong-lostlovedones”可知，Cassandra经过DNA测试之后，找到了自己失散多年的生物学父亲。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在她与失散多年的亲人团聚后不久，她发现她的生父把另一个小女孩送人收养。A.trackeddown追踪；B.turnedto转向；C.givenup放弃；D.broughtup抚养。根据下文“anotheryounggirlforadoption”另一个孩子被收养，即父亲放弃了这个孩子。故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个消息让她跳上车，立即开车回康涅狄格州，让朱莉娅做DNA测试。A.fact事实；B.idea想法；C.goal目标；D.news消息。根据上文“shefoundoutthat”可知，Cassandra发现了自己还有失散的姐妹。这是一个惊人的消息。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个消息让她跳上车，立即开车回康涅狄格州，让朱莉娅做DNA测试。A.pass通过；B.take拿，取；C.stop阻止；D.design设计。根据上文“immediatelydrivebacktoConnecticuttogetJulia”可知，Cassandra要带着Julia做DNA测试，以便验证血缘关系，takeatest意为做测试。故选B。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2021年1月的一个晚上，朱莉娅终于证实了这一点。A.admitted承认；B.realized意识到；C.accepted接受；D.confirmed确认。根据下文“Cassandra,Iaminfactyourbiologicalsister.”可知，Julia最终根据测试结果确认了Cassandra是她的姐妹。故选D。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然这对姐妹最初因为她们的故事走到了一起，但DNA测试显示，她们彼此吸引的原因可能远不止这些。A.initially最初；B.suddenly突然地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.eventually最终地。根据下文“broughttogetherbytheirstory”和文章开头“Theyinstantlybondedovertheir

past,havingbothbeenbroughtupbyasingleparentaftertheiradoptionfromtheDominicanRepublic.”可知，她们最初因为经历相似走到一起，但是通过DNA检测后知道是姐妹，所以吸引她们的不只是经历，还有血缘。故选A。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这对姐妹最初因为她们的故事走到了一起，但DNA测试显示，她们彼此吸引的原因可能远不止这些。A.compared对比；B.introduced介绍；C.drawn吸引；D.promised许诺。根据上文“Theyinstantlybonded”和可知，相识之初，两人互相吸引成为密友。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AsaloninXi’andiscussedtheimpactoftheancientSilkRoadtraderoutesonce____36____(connect)ChinawiththeWest.ItalianarchaeologistMarcellaFestasuggestedthatcamels,ratherthanobjects,bestrepresentedtheSilkRoad,emphasizingthelivingbeingsandhumaninteractions____37____facilitatedtradeandculturalexchanges.TheSilkRoadwas____38____networkofroutesthatenabledtheexchangeofgoodslikesilkandporcelain(瓷器),whichwas____39