山东省青岛市四区联考2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省青岛市四区联考2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(15个小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAccommodationsinNorthernArizonaLittleAmericaHotelIfyou’relookingforsomethingalittlenicerinFlagstaff,LittleAmericamaybetherighthotelforyou.Ithastheextraspecialcreaturecomfortsyou’relookingfor:goose-downbedding,customfurniture,high-speedinternet,andmore.NearestAirport:PhoenixSkyHarborTime:2to2.5hoursbycarBrightAngelLodgeIfyouwantagoodhotelthat’sinsideGrandCanyonNationalPark,thisisprobablyyourbestbet.Theroomsaren’tsuperluxurious,butthey’replentycozywithconvenientinternetaccess,andyoumaynotwanttospendmuchtimeintheroomanywaywhenyou’rethisclosetotheGrandCanyon’sbestsights.Nearestairport:PhoenixSkyHarborTime:3.5to4hoursbycarEnchantmentResortOnceyouarriveinSedona,youcanseeforyourselfwhyEnchantmentResorthasitsname.They’verecentlyredesignedtheirmulti-sizedrooms,soyou’reinforsomesweettreats:aprivaterestingplacewithoutdoorseating,WiFiinternet,andsoon.Suitescomewithakitchenetteanddiningarea,andevenanoutdoorbarbecuearea.Forevenmorerelaxation,enjoytheresort’spoolwithamazingredrockviews,andafull-servicespaandfitnesscenter.NearestAirport:PhoenixSkyHarborTime:2to2.5hoursbycarHome2SuitesPageisnotthatbigofatown,sodon’texpectatonofbig-cityconveniencearoundhere.Nevertheless,astayatHome2SuitesmeansyoucanenjoyWiFiinternet,ahotbreakfast,akitchenettewitharefrigerator,anoutdoorpool,andabusinesscenterduringyourstay.NearestAirport:HarryReid-LasVegasTime:4.5to5hoursbycar1.WhichaccommodationmaybestsuityouifyouplantoexploretheGrandCanyon?A.LittleAmericaHotel. B.BrightAngelLodge.C.EnchantmentResort. D.Home2Suites.2.WhatcanyoudoatEnchantmentResort?A.Redesignyourroom. B.Havefreesweets.C.Gorock-climbing. D.Cookbyyourself.3.WhatisspecialaboutHome2Suites?A.Itislocatednearthebigcity. B.Itcanmeetpeople’sofficeneeds.C.Itprovidesanoutdoorbarbecuearea. D.Itisclosesttotheairportintermsoftime.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了亚利桑那州北部的一些住宿情况，具体介绍了一些酒店的设施安排，与最近机场的路程和特色。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章BrightAngelLodge部分内容“Ifyouwantagoodhotelthat’sinsideGrandCanyonNationalPark,thisisprobablyyourbestbet.(如果你想在大峡谷国家公园内找一家好酒店，这可能是你最好的选择。)”可知，该酒店位于大峡谷公园内，因此，如果打算去大峡谷探险的话，可以选择该酒店“BrightAngelLodge”住宿。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章EnchantmentResort部分内容“Suitescomewithakitchenetteanddiningarea,andevenanoutdoorbarbecuearea.(套房配有小厨房和用餐区，甚至还有室外烧烤区。)”可知，该套房配有小厨房，用餐区，室外烧烤区，因此，在这里住可以自己做饭。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Home2Suites部分内容“Nevertheless,astayatHome2SuitesmeansyoucanenjoyWiFiinternet,ahotbreakfast,akitchenettewitharefrigerator,anoutdoorpool,andabusinesscenterduringyourstay.(尽管如此，入住Home2Suites意味着您可以在入住期间享受WiFi网络、热早餐、带冰箱的小厨房、室外游泳池和商务中心。)”可知，入住这里期间可以享受WiFi网络、热早餐、带冰箱的小厨房、室外游泳池和商务中心。由此可知，其特别之处在于可以满足办公需求。故选B项。BBhavinShastri’sinterestinlightstartedyoung.Herecallsanexperimentthathesawasachild:Aplasticwaterbottlewasstucknearitsbasesuchthatasteadystreamofwaterflowedoutanddownwardundertheforceofgravity.Alightshinedthroughtheholeinthebottleand,toShastri’samazement,itdidn’tcontinueonahorizontalpath.Instead,itbentdownwardwiththestreamofwater.“Iwasjustsocompletelyblownawaybythisexperiment,”hesays.Sincethen,Shastrihasbeenthinkingabouthowlightcanbecontrolled,whilealsoexploringotherresearchinterests.Incollege,heworkedwithaprofessorwhowasresearchingmachinelearning.AsapostdocatPrincetonUniversity,ShastrimetphysicistPaulPrucnal.HetoldShastriabouthisresearchcreatingalightthatbehaveslikeabiologicalneuron(神经元),andhowtheteamwaslookingtocomputewithsuchlight.ThatideacaughtShastri’sattention.Thoughresearchershaveusedlighttosend,storeandprocessdatainthelab,photonic(光子的)computingisstillatitsearlystage.Shastrihassetouttopushthoseboundaries.Heengineers,buildsandperformsexperimentsonchip-sized(芯片大小的)photonicdevices.Histeambeganbystudyingsimplerdevicessimilartoasingleneuron,analyzinghowtheycouldfunctionlikeabiologicalneuron.Yearslater,inayet-to-be-publishedwork,theresearchershavedemonstratedthatachipwith100,000neuronlikecomponentscanperform120billionoperationspersecond,about40timesfasterthantheaverageelectroniccomputer.DanielBrunner,acomputingresearcheratFEMTO-STInstitute,praisedShastri’sgroundbreakingwork.“Ican’tevencountthepublicationswherehebasicallylaidthefoundation”forusingphotonicstocreatephysicalneuralnetworks,Brunnersays.Shastrimaybesetontransformingcomputing,buthisworkismotivatedbyadecades-oldfascinationwithlightanditsproperties.“Ihavebeenveryluckytobeabletodosomething,”hesays,“thathasalwaysbeenmychildhooddream.”4.WhatattractedShastrimostabouttheexperimentinparagraph1?A.Effectsofgravityonobjects. B.Propertiesofplasticproducts.C.Thepressureofflowingwater. D.Thephenomenonoflightbending.5.WhatdidPrucnalinspireShastritodo?A.Takeaninterestinlight. B.Analysethefunctionofneurons.C.Researchintophotoniccomputing. D.Learnaboutmachinelearning.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.ChallengesShastrifacesindevelopingthechip.B.Thepracticalapplicationofphotoniccomputing.C.Thecomputingperformanceofelectroniccomputers.D.AchievementsShastri’steammakesinphotoniccomputing.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheWondersofLight B.TheLightPursuer’sJourneyC.IntheFootstepsofScientists D.DevelopmentofComputingTechnology【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Shastri从小对光的兴趣，到后来研究光子计算，并取得成就的过程。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Herecallsanexperimentthathesawasachild:Aplasticwaterbottlewasstucknearitsbasesuchthatasteadystreamofwaterflowedoutanddownwardundertheforceofgravity.Alightshinedthroughtheholeinthebottleand,toShastri’samazement,itdidn’tcontinueonahorizontalpath.Instead,itbentdownwardwiththestreamofwater.“Iwasjustsocompletelyblownawaybythisexperiment,”hesays.(他回忆起小时候看到的一个实验：一个塑料水瓶被卡在底部附近，在重力的作用下，一股水流稳定地流出并向下流动。一束光从瓶子的洞里照了进来，令沙斯特里惊讶的是，它并没有沿着水平的路径继续前进。相反，它随着水流向下弯曲。‘我完全被这个实验震撼了，’他说。)”可知，第一段中提及的实验最吸引Shastri的是光的弯曲现象。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“HetoldShastriabouthisresearchcreatingalightthatbehaveslikeabiologicalneuron(神经元),andhowtheteamwaslookingtocomputewithsuchlight.ThatideacaughtShastri’sattention.(他告诉沙斯特里，他的研究创造了一种行为类似生物神经元的光，以及该团队如何利用这种光进行计算。这个想法引起了沙斯特里的注意)”可知，Prucnal激励Shastri做光子计算研究。故选C项。【6题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Heengineers,buildsandperformsexperimentsonchip-sized(芯片大小的)photonicdevices.Histeambeganbystudyingsimplerdevicessimilartoasingleneuron,analyzinghowtheycouldfunctionlikeabiologicalneuron.Yearslater,inayet-to-be-publishedwork,theresearchershavedemonstratedthatachipwith100,000neuronlikecomponentscanperform120billionoperationspersecond,about40timesfasterthantheaverageelectroniccomputer.(沙斯特里已经开始突破这些界限。他设计、建造并执行芯片大小的光子器件实验。他的团队从研究类似于单个神经元的更简单的设备开始，分析它们如何像生物神经元一样运作。几年后，在一篇尚未发表的论文中，研究人员已经证明，一个拥有10万个类似神经元的组件的芯片每秒可以执行1200亿次操作，比普通电子计算机快大约40倍)”可知，第三段主要关于Shastri团队在光子计算方面的成就。故选D项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“BhavinShastri’sinterestinlightstartedyoung.(沙斯特对光的兴趣从年轻时就开始了)”、第二段中“Sincethen,Shastrihasbeenthinkingabouthowlightcanbecontrolled,whilealsoexploringotherresearchinterests.(从那以后，沙斯特里一直在思考如何控制光线，同时也在探索其他研究兴趣)”以及第三段中“Shastrihassetouttopushthoseboundaries.(沙斯特里已经开始突破这些界限)”可知，文章主要讲述Shastri从小对光的兴趣，到后来研究光子计算，并取得成就的过程。B选项“追光者的旅程”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。CGreyreefsharksarehavingtoabandonthecoralreefstheycallhome.Scientists,usingacombinationofsatelliteremotesensingandanetworkofsoundreceiversontheseabed,havediscoveredsharksaredesertingcoralreefsattimesofenvironmentalstressfromhightemperaturesthatcanleadtocoralbleaching(白化)events.Aninternationalresearchteamattachedsoundtrackerstomorethan120sharksandinstalledreceiversaroundcoralreefstomonitorsharkmovementsintheIndianOceanbetween2013to2020.Thishasimportantconsequencesforboththesharksandthereefs.Theresearchprovidesthefirstevidenceofhowreefchangeinresponsetoenvironmentalstress,somethingthatisbecomingbothmoreextremeandmorefrequent,isaffectingthemovementofsharks.Greyreefsharksareacommon,residentpredator(猎食者)tothereefsoftheIndo-Pacific,riskingawayfromthereeftofeed.Manyarechoosingtomoveintooffshore,deeperandcoolerwaters,whichisconcerning.Manyreefsaroundtheglobehavealreadyseensignificantdeclinesinsharksduetoexploitation(开采)andthisfindinghasthepotentialtoacceleratethetrend.Importantly,sharksmovingawayimpactsthefragilebalanceinreefecosystems.Aslargepredators,greyreefsharksplayaveryimportantroleincoralreefecosystems.Theymaintainadelicatelybalancedfoodwebonthereefandtheyalsocyclenutrientsontocoralreefsfromdeeperwaterswheretheyoftenfeed.Alossofsharks,andthenutrientstheybring,couldaffecttherecoveryofreefsduringperiodsofhighenvironmentalstress.Asclimatechangebringsincreasinguncertaintyandmoreandmorefrequentextremestressevents,theimportantecologicalrolethesepredatorsplayoncoralreefsislikelytochange,astheyspendmoretimeawayfromthereefstheyareattachedto.Theimplicationsofthisarenotyetfullyunderstoodbutgiventhecomplexbalanceofspeciesandnutrientinteractionsthatoccuroncoralreefs,therewillcertainlybesubstantialchanges.8.Whatisthemainreasonbehindthechangesinthereefs?A.Globalwarming. B.Oceanpollution. C.Illegalhunting. D.Ecologicalimbalance.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trend”refertoinparagraph2?A.Thehuntingofsharks. B.Thedestructionofreefs.C.Theexploitationofhuman. D.Thereductioninshark’snumber.10.What’stheresultofsharksmovingaway?A.Reducingthenutrientsinthesea. B.Addingtotheenvironmentalstress.C.Speedinguptherecoveryofthereefs. D.Breakingtheunderseaecologicalbalance.11.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.Sharkschangetheirdietinghabits. B.Coralreefsareleftbehindbysharks.C.Sharksarefacedwithpredatorythreats. D.Coralreefs’damagedrawspublicattention.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过卫星遥感技术和海底声纳接收器网络等科学手段，介绍了灰礁鲨因环境变化而离开珊瑚礁的现象，并探讨了这一现象对鲨鱼和珊瑚礁生态系统的影响。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Scientists,usingacombinationofsatelliteremotesensingandanetworkofsoundreceiversontheseabed,havediscoveredsharksaredesertingcoralreefsattimesofenvironmentalstressfromhightemperaturesthatcanleadtocoralbleaching(白化)events.(科学家们结合使用卫星遥感技术以及海床上的一系列声音接收器，发现鲨鱼在面临因高温引发的环境压力时会离开珊瑚礁，而高温可能会导致珊瑚白化现象的发生。)”可知，珊瑚礁变化的主要原因是高温，而高温是由全球变暖、气候变化等因素导致的。故选A。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“Manyreefsaroundtheglobehavealreadyseensignificantdeclinesinsharksduetoexploitation(开采)andthisfindinghasthepotentialtoacceleratethetrend.(由于过度捕捞，全球许多珊瑚礁区域的鲨鱼数量已经大幅减少，而这一发现可能会加速这一趋势。)”可推测，这里“duetoexploitation”表明由于过度捕捞（开采），全球许多珊瑚礁区域的鲨鱼数量已经大幅减少。接着说“thisfinding”（即鲨鱼因环境压力离开珊瑚礁这一发现）有加速“thetrend”的可能性。所以结合前文可知，“thetrend”指的就是鲨鱼数量减少这一趋势。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Importantly,sharksmovingawayimpactsthefragilebalanceinreefecosystems.(重要的是，鲨鱼的离开会影响珊瑚礁生态系统中脆弱的平衡。)”可知，鲨鱼的离开会影响珊瑚礁生态系统中脆弱的平衡，即破坏了海底生态平衡。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Scientists,usingacombinationofsatelliteremotesensingandanetworkofsoundreceiversontheseabed,havediscoveredsharksaredesertingcoralreefsattimesofenvironmentalstressfromhightemperaturesthatcanleadtocoralbleaching(白化)events.(科学家们结合使用卫星遥感技术以及海床上的一系列声音接收器，发现鲨鱼在面临因高温引发的环境压力时会离开珊瑚礁，而高温可能会导致珊瑚白化现象的发生。)”以及全文内容可知，文章开篇指出灰礁鲨正不得不放弃它们的珊瑚礁家园，接着详细阐述了科学家通过研究发现鲨鱼在环境压力下会离开珊瑚礁，以及鲨鱼离开对自身、珊瑚礁生态系统平衡等方面带来的影响。选项B“Coralreefsareleftbehindbysharks.(珊瑚礁被鲨鱼遗弃)”符合文章主旨。故选B。DFortoolong,we’vebeenlivingontheedgeofburnout,withto-dolistsgrowinglonger,calendarsfull,anddeadlinesthatseemnever-ending.It’snotasecretthatbusynesshasbeenwornlikeamarkofhonor,whilemomentsofdowntimeareseenasunproductive.Butifthere’snotimetobreatheorroomtothink,howareweabletocomeupwithnewideas,letalonecarrythemout?Ididn’trealizehowdeep-rootedthislifestylehadbecomeformeuntilIsteppedintoself-employmentin2023.Balancingbusyperiodswithquieteronesunexpectedlybroughtanxietyandself-judgmentinsteadoftheanticipatedrelieftopauseandreflect.However,thetideisturningintheworldofwork:there’sagrowingpushbackagainstnon-stopdemands,andincreasedawarenessaboutthebenefits—includingimprovedconcentration,creativityandjobsatisfaction-ofdoingonethingatatime.AccordingtoMarcZao-Sanders,authorofTimeboxing,multitaskingistheattempttoattendtotwothingsatonce,forexamplefiringoffafewemailswhilesittinginameeting.Thepityhereisthatyoumayendupdoingapoorjobofboth,andenjoyneither.Butit’sactuallyalittlemorecomplexthanthis.Ifoneofthetasksisfamiliartoyouanddoesn’tdemandtoomuchofyoucognitively(认知地),itmaywellbethatyoucantakeonasecondtaskatthesametime.Themainissueisthinkingyoucandobothatonceforthosetaskswhereyoucan’t.Thisisbothunproductiveandcaneasilyfeelfrustrated.Thephrase“multitasking”hasbeenadoptedbyallsortsoftypicallyhigh-achievingpeopleandamarkofstatus.Butourbrainscannotcompletetasksatthesametime.Theyarecompletedinasequence.Multitaskingistiringusoutmorequicklyandmakinguslessefficient.So,let’sbidfarewelltotheeraofhandlingahundredthingsatonce.12.What’speople’scommonviewtobusyness?A.Itisawaytogeneratenewideas.B.Itshowsthatpeoplearelessproductive.C.Itreflectspeople’spoortime-management.D.Itisasymbolofefficiencyandexcellence.13.Howdoestheauthorfeelaftershebecameself-employed?A.Relaxed. B.Panicked. C.Uneasy. D.Stress-free.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutmultitaskingfromparagraph3?A.Itcanreduceourproductivity. B.Itcanweakenourcognitiveability.C.Itmakesuscreativeandconcentrated. D.Itisessentialintoday’sfast-paceworld.15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthepassage?A.Followinghigh-achievingpeople. B.Workingonetaskatatime.C.Raisingtheefficiencyofmultitasking. D.Challengingourbraincapacity.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了现代社会中人们普遍存在的过度忙碌和“多任务处理”现象，以及这种生活方式对个人创造力和工作效率的负面影响。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It’snotasecretthatbusynesshasbeenwornlikeamarkofhonor,whilemomentsofdowntimeareseenasunproductive.(忙碌一直被当作一种荣誉的象征，而闲暇时光则被视为毫无成效，这早已不是什么秘密。)”可知，忙碌一直被当作一种荣誉的象征，而闲暇时光则被视为毫无成效。这意味着在人们的普遍观念中，忙碌是一种值得骄傲的事情，可理解为忙碌象征着效率和优秀。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Ididn’trealizehowdeep-rootedthislifestylehadbecomeformeuntilIsteppedintoself-employmentin2023.Balancingbusyperiodswithquieteronesunexpectedlybroughtanxietyandself-judgmentinsteadoftheanticipatedrelieftopauseandreflect.(直到2023年我开始自主创业，我才意识到这种生活方式在我身上已经根深蒂固到了何种程度。原本预期在忙碌时段与清闲时段之间取得平衡后，能获得喘息和反思的机会，从而感到轻松，可没想到却带来了焦虑和自我评判。)”可知，作者在2023年开始自主创业后，原本预期在忙碌和清闲之间取得平衡能获得喘息和反思的轻松感，但没想到却带来了焦虑和自我评判，作者自主创业后感到不安。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“AccordingtoMarcZao-Sanders,authorofTimeboxing,multitaskingistheattempttoattendtotwothingsatonce,forexamplefiringoffafewemailswhilesittinginameeting.Thepityhereisthatyoumayendupdoingapoorjobofboth,andenjoyneither.(根据《时间箱管理》一书的作者MarcZao-Sanders的说法，“多任务处理”指的是试图同时处理两件事情，例如在开会时快速发送几封电子邮件。遗憾的是，这样做的结果可能是两件事都没做好，而且两件事都体验不佳。)”以及“Thisisbothunproductiveandcaneasilyfeelfrustrated.(这样做不仅效率低下，还很容易让人感到沮丧。)”可知，多任务处理可能导致两件事都做不好，既没有效率还容易让人沮丧，所以会降低我们的工作效率。故选A。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Multitaskingistiringusoutmorequicklyandmakinguslessefficient.So,let’sbidfarewelltotheeraofhandlingahundredthingsatonce.(多任务处理让我们更快地感到疲惫，也降低了我们的效率。所以，让我们告别一次处理一百件事情的时代吧。)”可知，作者强调了多任务处理的坏处，结合最后一句告别一次处理多项任务的时代，可推断出作者建议一次只做一项任务。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youmightfeellikeyou’rewalkingonatightropeallthetime,tryingtobe“goodenough”.Thefeelingmayplayoutascompetenceandhardwork.___16___So,considertryingtobemoreawareofwhenyou’refallingintothattrap.Ahead,checkoutsomeofthesignals.Stayingcalminacrisis.Thosewhoaremoreusedtothestressofanxietytendtoreacttocrisisandextremestressmoreeffectivelybecausetheirbrainsareaccustomedtothesehigh-stressstates.However,thereissomethingtobemindfulof.___17___Forsomeonewithhighanxiety,theymaynotrealizethereisanissueuntiltheyareexperiencingextremereactionsandevenmedicalissues.Theadviceistogiveyourselfbreaks.Aimingforperfection.Ifyounoticeyou’rehighlysensitivetoyourmistakesorhaveambitiousgoals,you’relookingatafewsignsofperfectionism.Basically,itcanserveasadefensemechanismwhenyou’reanxiousaboutnotbeing“goodenough.”Peoplewhostrugglewithanxietymayfeelthatanythinglessthanperfectwillleadtonegativeconsequences.___18___Beneaththedriveforperfectionisoftenadeepfearofmakingmistakes.Kelley,apsychologist,recommendedaimingfor“goodenough”andcelebratingprogressoverperfection.People-Pleasing.Doyoufeelanxiousattheideaofmakingsomeoneunhappybynotdoingwhattheywant?___19___Thesearesignsofpeople-pleasing.“Theytrytomakeothershappy,evenattheexpenseoftheirownneeds,becausetheyfearthatdisappointingotherswillresultinnegativeoutcomes,”Kelleyexplained.“Thiscanbeasignofsocialanxietyandfearofnotbeingaccepted.”Whattotryinstead:___20___A.Allbodieswillhitapointofburnout.B.Saying“no”willresultindisapproval.C.Buttheycanindicatethepresenceofanxiety.D.Theysetimpossiblyhighstandardsforthemselves.E.Pushyourselftosethealthyboundaries,sticktoyourvalues.F.Adoptthiscopingskillespeciallyafterhighlystressfulmoments.G.Maybeyoupushyourpreferencestothesideandsay“yes”toeverything.【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.G20.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了表明焦虑的存在的几个信号。【16题详析】根据上文“Youmightfeellikeyou’rewalkingonatightropeallthetime,tryingtobe“goodenough”.Thefeelingmayplayoutascompetenceandhardwork.(你可能会觉得自己一直在走钢丝，试图做到“足够好”。这种感觉可能表现为能力和努力工作。)”以及下文“So,considertryingtobemoreawareofwhenyou’refallingintothattrap.(所以，当你陷入这个陷阱的时候，试着更加意识到这一点。)”可知，选项承上启下继续说明上文这种现象所暗示出的实质内容。故C选项“但它们可能表明焦虑的存在。”切题。故选C项。【17题详析】根据上文“Thosewhoaremoreusedtothestressofanxietytendtoreacttocrisisandextremestressmoreeffectivelybecausetheirbrainsareaccustomedtothesehigh-stressstates.However,thereissomethingtobemindfulof.(那些更习惯于焦虑压力的人往往对危机和极端压力做出更有效的反应，因为他们的大脑已经习惯了这些高压力状态。然而，有一些事情需要注意。)”可知，选项承接上文说明长期高压的后果。故A选项“所有人都会达到崩溃点。”切题。故选A项。【18题详析】根据上文“Peoplewhostrugglewithanxietymayfeelthatanythinglessthanperfectwillleadtonegativeconsequences.(与焦虑作斗争的人可能会觉得任何不完美的事情都会导致负面后果。)”根据下文“Beneaththedriveforperfectionisoftenadeepfearofmakingmistakes.(在追求完美的动力之下，往往是对犯错的深深的恐惧。)”可知，选项承接上下文说明针对不完美采取的措施。故D选项“他们为自己设定了难以企及的高标准。”切题。故选D项。【19题详析】根据上文“Doyoufeelanxiousattheideaofmakingsomeoneunhappybynotdoingwhattheywant?(你会因为没有做别人想做的事而让他们不开心而感到焦虑吗？)”可知，选项承接上文说明讨好行为的表现。故G选项“也许你把自己的喜好放在一边，对一切都说“是”。”切题。故选G项。【20题详析】根据上文““Thiscanbeasignofsocialanxietyandfearofnotbeingaccepted.”Whattotryinstead:(“这可能是社交焦虑和害怕不被接受的迹象。”可以试试什么呢？)”可知，选项承接上文提出建议。故E选项“设定健康界限、坚持价值观。”切题。故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aninformallydressedgirlcarryingaprofessional___21___walksacrosscampus.Hereyessearchthe___22___attentivelyforsomeone___23___tosharetheirstoryandlethertaketheirpicture.Thisgirl,AmeliaEngel,___24___takingpicturesin2008.Atfirst,shejustwantedtotakepicturesofthelandscapesbutsoonrealizedthatthissortofphotographydidn’t___25___her.“Thepicturesdidn’tmakeme___26___,andtheydidn’tmeananythingtome,astheywerejustamixofcolorsandshapeswithnoclearstoryoridea,”shesaid.“Idon’trememberwhenIstartedtakingpicturesof___27___,”shecontinued,“butithappened___28___.Ihavealwaysfoundpeopleinteresting,notonlytolookat,butalsototalkto.”Engelhasalwayslikedtalkingtostrangers,becausesheisoften“surprisedand___29___bytheirstories.”Shebelievesthatshehaslearnedalotfromthepeopleshehas____30____.Engelusuallylikesto____31____peoplewhojumpoutatherforwhateverreason.Mostimportantly,sheneverpickspeoplethatareina____32____orseemtobeconcentratingonsomething.Butevenwhenshefollowsthisrule,____33____iscommon.“Iunderstandwhypeoplehesitatetosharestorieswithstrangers,”shesaid.“Ilovehearingabout____34____momentsbecausesomuchofthenewswehearthesedaysisdepressing,centeringonaroundsickness,death,poverty,andterrorism,”Engelsaid.“____35____,evenifit’ssmall,canmakeabigdifference.”21.A.textbook B.camera C.tool D.desk22.A.crowd B.picture C.classroom D.scenery23.A.anxious B.hesitant C.careful D.willing24.A.abandoned B.imagined C.began D.taught25.A.restrict B.satisfy C.ease D.relax26.A.think B.smile C.understand D.worry27.A.objects B.buildings C.people D.celebrities28.A.normally B.strangely C.frequently D.naturally29.A.concerned B.touched C.relieved D.confused30.A.photographed B.introduced C.described D.helped31.A.challenge B.support C.approach D.encourage32.A.panic B.risk C.rush D.push33.A.difference B.rejection C.appreciation D.remark34.A.uplifting B.challenging C.absorbing D.amusing35.A.Generosity B.Acceptance C.Achievement D.Positivity【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.C32.C33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫AmeliaEngel的女孩的摄影经历。她起初喜欢拍摄风景，但很快就发现这种摄影方式并不能满足她。于是，她开始自然地转向拍摄人物，并喜欢与陌生人交谈，从他们的故事中学到很多东西。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个穿着随意的女孩，背着一台专业相机，在校园里穿行。A.textbook教科书；B.camera照相机；C.tool工具；D.desk书桌。根据下文“lethertaketheirpicture”以及“Idon’trememberwhenIstartedtakingpictures”可知，Engel专门拍照，由此可推测，她背着一台专业相机。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的目光在人群中仔细搜寻，寻找那些愿意分享自己的故事并且让她拍照的人。A.crowd人群；B.picture图片；C.classroom教室；D.scenery风景。根据下文“forsomeone______tosharetheirstoryandlethertaketheirpicture”可知，Engel的目光在人群中仔细搜寻愿意拍照的人。故选A。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的目光在人群中仔细搜寻，寻找那些愿意分享自己的故事并且让她拍照的人。A.anxious焦虑的；B.hesitant犹豫的；C.careful仔细的；D.willing乐意的。根据下文““Iunderstandwhypeoplehesitatetosharestorieswithstrangers,”shesaid.”可知，Engel理解为什么人们不愿与陌生人分享故事，所以她会为那些愿意分享自己的故事的人拍照。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩叫AmeliaEngel，她从2008年开始拍照。A.abandoned放弃；B.imagined想象；C.began开始；D.taught教。根据下文“Atfirst,shejustwantedtotakepicturesofthelandscapes”可知，Engel拍照这件事开始于2008年。故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，她只是想拍摄风景照，但很快就意识到这种摄影并不能让她满意。A.restrict限制；B.satisfy满足；C.ease缓解；D.relax放松。根据下文“theydidn’tmeananythingtome,astheywerejustamixofcolorsandshapeswithnoclearstoryoridea”可知，风景照对Engel来说毫无意义，因为它们只是色彩和形状的混合，没有清晰的故事或主题，所以很快Engel就不满足于拍风景照。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这些照片无法让我思考，它们对我来说毫无意义，因为它们只是色彩和形状的混合，没有清晰的故事或主题。”她说。A.think思考；B.smile微笑；C.understand理解；D.worry担忧。根据下文“theydidn’tmeananythingtome,astheywerejustamixofcolorsandshapeswithnoclearstoryoridea”可知，拍风景照无法使Engel感到满足，因为风景照对她而言毫无意义，也就是不能让她有所思考。故选A。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不记得自己是什么时候开始拍人物照的了，”她接着说，“但这一切自然而然地就发生了。我一直觉得人很有意思，不仅是看他们的样子，和他们交谈也很有趣。”A.objects物体；B.buildings建筑物；C.people人们；D.celebrities名人。根据下文“Ihavealwaysfoundpeopleinteresting,notonlytolookat,butalsototalkto.”以及上文提到的“Hereyessearchthe______attentivelyforsomeone______tosharetheirstoryandlethertaketheirpicture.”可知，觉得人有意思，后来Engel专拍人物照，不记得自己什么时候开始拍人物照。故选C。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我不记得自己是什么时候开始拍人物照的了，”她接着说，“但这一切自然而然地就发生了。我一直觉得人很有意思，不仅是看他们的样子，和他们交谈也很有趣。”A.normally通常；B.strangely奇怪地；C.frequently经常；D.naturally自然地。根据上文“Idon’trememberwhenIstartedtakingpicturesof______,”可知，Engel不记得自己什么开始拍人物照。由此可知，这一切就是自然而然发生了。故选D。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Engel一直喜欢和陌生人交谈，因为她常常“被他们的故事所惊讶和感动”。A.concerned担忧的；B.touched感动的；C.relieved感到宽慰的；D.confused困惑的。根据上文的“surprised”以及下文“Shebelievesthatshehaslearnedalotfromthepeople”可知，Engel常常被人们的故事所打动，体现情感共鸣。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她相信自己从拍摄过的人身上学到了很多东西。A.photographed拍照；B.introduced介绍；C.described描述；D.helped帮助。根据上文“Idon’trememberwhenIstartedtakingpicturesof______,”以及上文内容可知，她觉得自己从自己拍摄过的人身上学到了很多。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Engel通常喜欢主动接近那些不管出于什么原因而引起她注意的人。A.challenge挑战；B.support支持；C.approach接近、解决；D.encourage鼓励。根据下文“peoplewhojumpoutather”可推测，Engel通常主动接近引起自己注意的人（即她想拍摄的人）。故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，她从不选择那些行色匆匆或者似乎在专注于某件事情的人。A.panic恐慌；B.risk风险；C.rush匆忙；D.push推。根据下文“seemtobeconcentratingonsomething”可推测，她不会选择那些专注于某事或行色匆匆的人。考查短语：inarush，意为“匆忙间”，符合句意。故选C。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但即使她遵循这条原则，被拒绝也是常有的事。A.difference差别；B.rejection拒绝；C.appreciation欣赏、感激；D.remark评论。根据下文““Iunderstandwhypeoplehesitatetosharestorieswithstrangers,”shesaid.”可推测，即便她不想打扰别人，也还是会遭到拒绝，而她也能理解。故选B。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我喜欢听那些令人振奋的时刻，因为如今我们听到的很多新闻都令人沮丧，总是围绕着疾病、死亡、贫困和恐怖主义。”Engel说。A.uplifting振奋人心的；B.challenging富有挑战的；C.absorbing引人入胜的；D.amusing有趣的。根据下文“becausesomuchofthenewswehearthesedaysisdepressing,centeringonaroundsickness,death,poverty,andterrorism”可推测，因为身边总有不好的新闻，所以Engel喜欢令人振奋的时刻。故选A。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“积极向上的东西，哪怕很微小，也能产生很大的影响。”A.Generosity慷慨；B.Acceptance接受；C.Achievement成就；D.Positivity积极性。根据上文“Ilovehearingabout______momentsbecausesomuchofthenewswehearthesedaysisdepressing,centeringonaroundsickness,death,poverty,andterrorism”可知，令人振奋的故事更打动人心，由此可知，空处指的是“积极向上”的东西会有很大的影响。故选D。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGreatWallofChina,whichrunsalongthecountry’snorthernfrontier,standsasademonstrationofhumanwisdom.Yet,well-maintainedsectionsrepresentasmallportionofthestructure.Roughterrain(地形)hasleftother___36___(stretch)indisrepair.Thisparticularlyapplies___37___theJiankouGreatWall.TheGreatWallprotectionprojectlaunchedinSeptember2016___38___