山东省潍坊市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省潍坊市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThissummer,the“PathfinderChallenge”—afive-day,student-ledwildernessexplorationwillstartintheBlueRidgeMountainsfromJuly22-26.Thisisnotaguidedtour.Itisachallengerequiringadaptability,teamwork,andpracticalapplicationofwildernessskills.Theselected(挑选)memberswillformteamsoffourtofinishadesignatedbackcountryroute,carryingallnecessaryequipment(设备)andmanagingtheirjourneywithremotesupervision(监督).ApplicationProcessApplicantsmusthavecompletedtheschool’s“WildernessBasics”course.Thisensuresabilityinmap&compassuse,basicfirstaid,andcampsiteselection.ApplicationStepContentRequirementStep1(Individual)Handinapersonalstatement(500words).Explainwhyyouapplyandwhatyoubelieve“teamwork”meansinariskyenvironment.Step2(TeamFormation)ApplicantswhopassStep1willbehelpedtoformbalanced,four-personteams.Bebasedoncomplementary(互补的)skillsandattitudes.Step3(TeamPlan)EachteammustdevelopandhandinadetailedTripPlan.Includeidentifyingrisksandemergencyagreement.Thisexplorationisdemandingandselective.Itisdesignedforstudentswhovaluerealchallengeovercomfort.ApplicationsopenonApril22.AninformationalQ&AsessionwillbeheldintheauditoriumonApril18.1.Whatisthe“PathfinderChallenge”?A.Aguidedtourinthemountains.B.Ateam-baseddigitalexperience.C.Asummercampwithinstructors.D.Afive-daywildernessexploration.2.Whatisneededtoapplyfortheprogram?A.Top-qualitycampingequipment.B.Teacher’srecommendationletter.C.Theabilitytoadaptandcooperate.D.Richmountain-climbingexperience.3.WhatcanbelearnedfromApplicationProcess?A.Membersareselectedthroughexams.B.Theapplicantsformteamsoffourfreely.C.Recognizingdangersisamustinteamplans.D.Friendshipisthemostimportantintheteam.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个为期五天的荒野探险活动的相关信息，包括活动内容、申请流程等。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thissummer,the“PathfinderChallenge”—afive-day,student-ledwildernessexplorationwillstartintheBlueRidgeMountainsfromJuly22-26.(今年夏天，为期五天的、由学生主导的荒野探险“PathfinderChallenge”将于7月22日至26日在蓝岭山脉开始。)”可知，“PathfinderChallenge”是一个为期五天的荒野探险活动。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Itisachallengerequiringadaptability,teamwork,andpracticalapplicationofwildernessskills.(这是一项需要适应性、团队合作和荒野技能实际应用的挑战。)”可知，申请这个项目需要具备适应和合作的能力。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据表格最后一行中“EachteammustdevelopandhandinadetailedTripPlan.Includeidentifyingrisksandemergencyagreement.(每个团队必须制定并提交一份详细的旅行计划。包括识别风险和紧急协议。)”可知，在团队计划中识别危险是必须的。故选C。BOnmyusuallunchtimewalkintheWestYorkshireValley,Ifoundtheoncesad-lookingboardwalk(木板路)repaired,withnosignofwhohaddonethework.Itwasasifbymagic.So,ifnotfairies(精灵),whowaslookingafterthispath?Afterabitofdigging,IcameacrossalocalgroupcalledCommunityRightsofWayService—orCROWSforshort.They’reoneofthemanyvolunteerarmiessecretlykeepingthenation’spathsingreatcondition,armedwithhard-wearingboots,basictools,andthepositiveattitudeneededforateamthatheadsintothehillsrainorshine.Thankstothem,walkerscancontinueadventuringoutonfavouriteornewlydiscoveredroutes.NowCROWSisaround40membersstrong,comingfromallwalksoflife.Theyoungestmemberisintheir30sandtheeldestintheir80s.EveryvolunteersharesaloveforWestYorkshire.CarryingmaterialsisoneofthebiggestchallengesforCROWS.Intheirexperience,itsometimesmeanscallingonthewidercommunityforhelp.Once,needingtomove400timber(木材)partsupahillside,thegroupreachedoutonsocialmedia:scoresofwalkersandrunnersanswered.“Itreallyshowstherelationshipoflocalpeopletothislandscape(风景),andtheirappreciationofvolunteerswhoaretryingtokeepitusable.”Stella,aregularCROWSvolunteer,remembered.CROWSinvitedmetojointhemonaworktripinthevalleyonecloudymorning.Wewereofftouncoverapath,partofthe18thcenturypackhorsenetwork.Itremindsmethatfootpathvolunteersaren’tjustpreservingrightsofwayforthefuture,they’realsosafeguardingournationalheritageandtheancientroutesthathaveconnectedcommunitiesforcenturies.TheirworkgivesrealmeaningtothenaturalistJohnMuir’swords:“Goingtothemountainsisgoinghome.”Thankstothehardandoftenunseenworkofvolunteers,thesepathswillremainsoforgenerationstocome.Fairiesornot,there’sacertainmagictothat.4.Whatconfusedtheauthorattheverybeginning?A.Howthemagicworked. B.Wherefairiescamefrom.C.Whofixedtheboardwalk. D.Whentheboardwalkbroke.5.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.ThedescriptionofCROWS. B.ThegoalofCROWS.C.ThechallengeofCROWS. D.TheestablishmentofCROWS.6.Whydoestheauthormention400timberparts?A.Totellthevalueoflandscape.B.Toprovetherichnessofsupply.C.Toshowthenecessityofsupport.D.Tostresstheinfluenceofsocialmedia.7.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“so”inparagraph5?A.connectedtothepast.B.preservedastheywere.C.uncoveredforfutureuse.D.protectedfromanydamage.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者发现木板路被神秘修复，进而了解到一个名为CROWS的志愿者组织在默默维护步道的故事，体现了社区合作和遗产保护的重要性。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第1段中“Ifoundtheoncesad-lookingboardwalkrepaired,withnosignofwhohaddonethework.(我发现那条曾经破败的木板路被修好了，却看不出是谁做的这项工作。)”可知，作者最初感到困惑的是是谁修缮了木板路。故选C。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据第2段中“Afterabitofdigging,IcameacrossalocalgroupcalledCommunityRightsofWayService—orCROWSforshort.They’reoneofthemanyvolunteerarmiessecretlykeepingthenation’spathsingreatcondition(经过一番了解，我发现了一个名为社区路权服务的当地团体，简称CROWS。他们是众多默默守护着国家步道完好的志愿者队伍之一)”和“NowCROWSisaround40membersstrong,comingfromallwalksoflife.Theyoungestmemberisintheir30sandtheeldestintheir80s.EveryvolunteersharesaloveforWestYorkshire.(如今CROWS约有40名成员，来自各行各业。最年轻的成员30多岁，最年长的80多岁。每位志愿者都对西约克郡充满热爱。)”可知，第二段主要是对CROWS这个志愿者团体的具体介绍。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第3段中“CarryingmaterialsisoneofthebiggestchallengesforCROWS.Intheirexperience,itsometimesmeanscallingonthewidercommunityforhelp.Once,needingtomove400timberpartsupahillside,thegroupreachedoutonsocialmedia:scoresofwalkersandrunnersanswered.(搬运物资是CROWS面临的最大挑战之一。根据他们的经验，这有时意味着需要向更广泛的社区寻求帮助。有一次，需要将400块木材部件搬上山坡，该团体在社交媒体上发出求助，许多徒步者和跑步爱好者都伸出了援手。)”可知，作者提及400块木材部件是为了说明该团体的工作需要外界的支持，体现了这种支持的必要性。故选C。【7题详析】词句猜测题。根据第5段中“Thankstothehardandoftenunseenworkofvolunteers,thesepathswillremainsoforgenerationstocome.(多亏了志愿者们辛苦且常常不为人知的工作，这些步道将世世代代保持如此。)”结合前文提及志愿者修缮步道、守护步道完好，保护国家遗产和古老路线的内容可知，“so”指代的是步道被妥善保护、保持原本完好的状态。故选B。CBuyingsomethingthatyouaregoingtosharewithanotherpersoncreatesgreateranxietythanbuyingsomethingjustforyourselforbuyingagiftforsomeone,accordingtoanewstudy.Thestudyalsofoundthatshoppingforthingsyouwillsharelowersyourconfidenceinyourabilitytochoosesuitableitems(物品).Thestudy,whichhasbeenpublishedintheJournalofMarketingResearch,lookedatthreekindsofshoppingexperience:buyingsomethingforyourself,buyingagiftforsomeoneandbuyingsomethingforshareduse.Over2,000peoplewereaskedtomeasuretheirlevelsofanxietyforthesethreeexperiencesindifferentshoppingsituations,suchaschoosinghealthydrinksforameeting,snacksforamovieorwineforaparty,aswellasmoredifficultdecisionssuchaschoosingtravelactivities.Theresultsshowedthatbuyingsomethingthatwillbesharedcausesobviouslymoreanxietythaneithershoppingforyourselforshoppingforagift.Theresearchersfoundthatwhenshoppersneedtoconsiderboththeirownandotherpeople’spreferences,theyfeelanincreasedsenseofresponsibility,andworrymoreaboutnotmakingtherightchoices.Thisanxietyisfeltespeciallywhentheotherperson’spreferencesaren’tknown,oriftheyareexpectedtobedifferentfromtheirown.Oneoftheresearchers,MargaretCampbell,toldPhys.orgthatthelevelofanxietyisnotrelatedtohowdifficulttheshopper’sdecisionis,buttothe“addedemotionalweightofresponsibility.”Theresearcherssaidtryingtolearnasmuchasyoucanabouttheotherperson’spreferencescanhelpreduceyouranxietyandincreaseyourconfidenceastheshopper.However,thisstilldoesn’tworkiftheotherperson’spreferencesaredifferentfromyourown!Also,ifashopperasksyouwhatyourpreferencesare,sayingyoudon’tcare,or,“Getwhateveryoulike,”isnotahelpfulanswerandwillactuallyincreasetheshopper’sanxiety.Soit’sbettertogiveamoreconsideredanswer.8.Whatisthemainfindingofthestudy?A.Shoppingreducespeople’sanxiety.B.Anxietyweakenstheabilitytochoosegifts.C.Anxietyleadspeopletochooserightitems.D.Shoppingtosharecausesthemostanxiety.9.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Bytrackingshoppinganxietysources.B.Byassessinganxietylevelsofshoppingtypes.C.Bycomparingshoppinghabitsofdifferentgroups.D.Bytestingshoppingpreferencesforcertainitems.10.Whatmainlycausedtheanxietyaboutshoppingforshareduse?A.Thesharedpreferences.B.Thedutytomeetbothsides.C.Theuncertaintyoftheresults.D.Thedifficultyinmakingchoices.11.Whichanswermightbepreferredwhenbuyingshareditems?A.“Wecandecidewhenweseewhat’sonsale.”B.“Ioftenprefertea,butjuicewouldalsowork.”C.“I’dpreferadrinkwithoutsugar,likegreentea.”D.“Youhavegoodtaste—I’lllikewhateveryoupick.”【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项发表在《市场研究期刊》的研究，其核心发现为购买共享物品比为自己买、为他人买礼物带来的焦虑感更强；该焦虑源于购物者需要兼顾自身和他人偏好的额外责任感；而给出具体的偏好答案能有效减少这种焦虑。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Buyingsomethingthatyouaregoingtosharewithanotherpersoncreatesgreateranxietythanbuyingsomethingjustforyourselforbuyingagiftforsomeone,accordingtoanewstudy.(一项新研究指出，购买将要与他人共享的物品会比只为自己购买物品或为他人购买礼物引发更大的焦虑感。)”以及第二段中“Theresultsshowedthatbuyingsomethingthatwillbesharedcausesobviouslymoreanxietythaneithershoppingforyourselforshoppingforagift.(结果表明，购买将要共享的物品所引发的焦虑明显多于为自己购买物品或为他人购买礼物。)”可知，这项研究的主要发现是购买共享物品比为自己买、为他人买礼物带来的焦虑感更强。故选D项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Over2,000peoplewereaskedtomeasuretheirlevelsofanxietyforthesethreeexperiencesindifferentshoppingsituations,suchaschoosinghealthydrinksforameeting,snacksforamovieorwineforaparty,aswellasmoredifficultdecisionssuchaschoosingtravelactivities.(超过2000人被要求在不同的购物情境中评估这三种体验所带来的焦虑程度，比如为会议选择健康饮品、为电影选择零食或为聚会选择葡萄酒，以及更复杂的决策，如选择旅行活动。)”可推知，研究人员是通过评估不同购物类型所表现出的焦虑程度来开展这项研究的。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theresearchersfoundthatwhenshoppersneedtoconsiderboththeirownandotherpeople’spreferences,theyfeelanincreasedsenseofresponsibility,andworrymoreaboutnotmakingtherightchoices.(研究人员发现，当购物者需要同时考虑自己的喜好和他人的喜好时，他们会感到更多的责任感，并更担心无法做出正确的选择。)”以及“thelevelofanxietyisnotrelatedtohowdifficulttheshopper’sdecisionis,buttothe“addedemotionalweightofresponsibility.(焦虑程度并非取决于购物者决策的难度，而是取决于“责任所带来的额外情感负担”。)”可知，导致人们对于共享购物服务产生焦虑的主要原因是满足双方需求的责任。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Theresearcherssaidtryingtolearnasmuchasyoucanabouttheotherperson’spreferencescanhelpreduceyouranxietyandincreaseyourconfidenceastheshopper.(研究人员表示，尽可能多地了解对方的喜好有助于减轻焦虑，并增强作为购物者的信心。)”以及最后一段“Also,ifashopperasksyouwhatyourpreferencesare,sayingyoudon’tcare,or,“Getwhateveryoulike,”isnotahelpfulanswerandwillactuallyincreasetheshopper’sanxiety.Soit’sbettertogiveamoreconsideredanswer.(此外，如果购物者询问你的喜好，说你不在乎，或者“随你喜欢就好”，这样的回答并非有益的回答，反而会增加购物者的焦虑感。所以，给出一个更经过深思熟虑的回答会更好。)”可知，减少购物者焦虑的关键是给出具体、明确的偏好，而非模糊的回答，C项“我想要无糖饮品，比如绿茶”表述具体，是购物者更偏好的答案。故选C项。DTinamousareground-dwellingjunglebirdsintheforestsofCentralandSouthAmerica.Theycamouflage(伪装)themselvestohidefrompredators(捕食者).Whatdoesn’tmakesenseiswhysuchartfullycamouflagedbirdslaybrightlycoloredeggsandleavemalesalonetoprotectthem.StudyingtinamousinCostaRica,scientistPatriciaBrennandiscovered60percentofeggswerecaredforbymales,butnottheirbiologicalfathers.ThisgoesagainstthestandardDarwin’stheorythatmale-onlyparentalcareshouldonlyevolve(进化)whenmaleshaveahighcertaintyofbiologicalfatherhood.Brennanthoughtshe’dmadeamistake.Yet,double-checkingherlabwork,shefoundshewasrightandwonderedhowthefemalewasgettingawaywithit.Ifbiologicalfatherhoodisimportanttotinamous,onewouldexpectthemaletoevolveawayofthrowingoutforeigneggs.ButasBrennandiscovered,themaletinamouhasnosuchskills.Todoherbiologicalfatherhoodtesting,shehadtoremoverealeggsandreplacethemwithfakeones.Themalescontinuedtoincubate(孵化)thefakeeggsregardless.Then,whenthebabybirdscameoutoftheeggsinherlab,Brennanwouldputtheminexistingyoungintheforest.Again,themalesdidn’tcare.Thatwasherahamoment.Shesetupcamerasonthetinamounests(巢)andrecordedabout80percentoftheeggsbeingeatenbypredators,mostlysnakes.Brennanrealizedthatthebestwayforbothfemalesandmalestoachievetheirbabybirds’bestsurvivalchancewastospreadtheireggsacrossdifferentnests.Thisintentionalmix-upalsoexplainedtheeggs’brightcolors.Thisisanattractionsignaltootherfemalestolaytheireggsthere.Brennanobservedthatsnakesonlyateatmostthreeeggsatatime.So,themoreeggs,thebetterchanceofsurviving.Herresearch,then,rescuesthegreattinamoufrombeingconsideredanirresponsibleparent,butalsoshowsthattheideaofbeingagoodmothercantakemanyforms.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Brennan’slabworkturnedoutafailure.B.Brennan’sstudychangedDarwin’stheory.C.Tinamoueggsweretakencareofbymales.D.Tinamoueggswerewellhiddenfrompredators.13.WhatdoesBrennan’s“ahamoment”inparagraph4referto?A.Shedroveawayallthesnakes.B.Shefoundtinamous’survivalsecret.C.Sherecordedtheprocessofeggloss.D.Shesetupcamerasontinamounests.14.Whatroledothebrightlycoloredeggsplay?A.Theymakeiteasierformalestofindtheeggs.B.Theyactasawarningtopredatorstostayaway.C.Theyhelpthemalestoprotecteggsmoreeasily.D.Theyattractotherfemalestolayinthesamenest.15.Whatdoesthebehaviouroftinamousshow?A.Likefather,likeson.B.Birdsintheirlittlenestsagree.C.Whenonedoorshuts,anotheropens.D.Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了科学家PatriciaBrennan对中、南美洲森林中居住的一种地面鸟类的研究，揭示了其独特的繁殖行为和生存策略。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Whatdoesn’tmakesenseiswhysuchartfullycamouflagedbirdslaybrightlycoloredeggsandleavemalesalonetoprotectthem.(令人费解的是，为什么伪装得如此巧妙的鸟会产下颜色鲜艳的蛋，并留下雄性独自保护它们。)”及第二段第一句“StudyingtinamousinCostaRica,scientistPatriciaBrennandiscovered60percentofeggswerecaredforbymales,butnottheirbiologicalfathers.(科学家PatriciaBrennan在哥斯达黎加研究Tinamou时发现，60%的蛋由雄性照顾，但它们并非这些雄性的生物学父亲。)”可知，Tinamou的蛋是由雄性照顾的。故选C。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Brennanrealizedthatthebestwayforbothfemalesandmalestoachievetheirbabybirds’bestsurvivalchancewastospreadtheireggsacrossdifferentnests.(Brennan意识到，对雌鸟和雄鸟来说，实现雏鸟最佳存活机会的最好方式就是把它们的蛋分散到不同的巢里。)”可知，她的“ahamoment”指的是她发现了tinamous的生存秘密。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thisintentionalmix-upalsoexplainedtheeggs’brightcolors.Thisisanattractionsignaltootherfemalestolaytheireggsthere.(这种故意的混淆也解释了蛋的鲜艳颜色。这是一个吸引其他雌鸟来此产蛋的信号。)”可知，颜色鲜艳的蛋所起的作用是吸引其他雌鸟来同一个巢里产蛋。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。本文核心揭示的Tinamou行为策略是：为了避免捕食者一次性吃掉太多蛋，雌鸟会将蛋产在不同雄鸟照看的多个巢中。这正对应了谚语“Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket(不要把所有鸡蛋放在一个篮子里)”，意为不要将所有资源和希望集中于一处，应分散风险。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。PennandTellerareamazingmagicians,buttheydonotdoshowsforkids.____16____Thechallengeliesinalittle-noticedcharacteristicofperformingforkids:duringashow,akidoftenshouts,“Iknowhowyoudidthat!”Whydosomekidsdothis?Sometimes,it’spureexcitement,butmoreoften,it’stotallyawishtobe“seenandheard”thathasnothingtodowithbeingpolite.Thefunnythingisthattheyhardlyunderstandhowthemagicisreallydone.Allmagicillusions(幻象)arenotassimpleastheymayappear.____17____Amirrormighttrulybeapartofmakingtheillusionwork,butitsimplydoesn’texplainhowtheillusionisfullydone.____18____Whenithappens,peopletendtooverjudgehowmuchtheyknowaboutanygivensubject,especiallywhentheyknowverylittle.Themoreastonishingfinding,however,isthatthemoreweactuallyknow,thelessourconfidenceisabouthowmuchweactuallyknow.____19____Adultsmakepostsonlinelike“That’snottrue!”especiallywhentheyarenotknowledgeableonthetopic.Howdoyoufixit?Here’sthedeal:attemptingtousecritical(批判性的)thinkingtoexplorewhatwebelievearetrueisthebestpathforward.Overlyconfidentstatementswillalwaysexist,becausethatoverconfidenceisbuiltintoeachofus.Oncewerealizeit’sourownoverconfidencespeaking—notthetruth,wecandosomethingaboutit.____20____A.Illusionsareeasytocreate.B.ThisistheDunning-Krugereffect.C.Forthem,showsforkidsare“justtoohard.”D.Acryof“It’samirror!”mightbepartiallyright.E.Weseethiseffectplayoutperfectlyonsocialmedia.F.Theydon’tlooktotheirfriendpolitelyandnodknowingly.G.Thatwillmakekids’magicshowsandtheworldmuchbetter.【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.E20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。本文以佩恩和泰勒两位魔术师不做儿童魔术表演为切入点，指出孩子大喊拆穿魔术的行为体现了邓宁-克鲁格效应，该效应也常见于社交媒体，还提出用批判性思维正视自身过度自信是应对这一问题的好方法。【16题详析】由上文“PennandTellerareamazingmagicians,buttheydonotdoshowsforkids.(佩恩和泰勒是出色的魔术师，但他们不做儿童魔术表演。)”和下文“Thechallengeliesinalittle-noticedcharacteristicofperformingforkids:duringashow,akidoftenshouts,“Iknowhowyoudidthat!”(挑战在于为孩子表演一个鲜为人知的特点：表演中，孩子常会大喊“我知道你是怎么做到的！”)”可知，空格处需说明二人不做儿童表演的原因，衔接前文事实与后文的挑战。C项“Forthem,showsforkidsare“justtoohard.”(对他们来说，儿童魔术表演“实在太难了”。)”符合语境，直接解释前文不做儿童表演的原因，且与后文的挑战相呼应，逻辑连贯。故选C项。【17题详析】由上文“Allmagicillusionsarenotassimpleastheymayappear.(所有的魔术幻象都不像表面看起来那么简单。)”和下文“Amirrormighttrulybeapartofmakingtheillusionwork,butitsimplydoesn’texplainhowtheillusionisfullydone.(镜子可能确实是实现幻象的一部分，但这根本无法解释幻象的完整实现过程。)”可知，空格处需举孩子对魔术的片面判断的例子，衔接魔术的复杂性与后文的具体阐释。D项“Acryof“It’samirror!”mightbepartiallyright.(大喊“是镜子！”可能只是部分正确。)”符合语境，该句的例子对应孩子大喊拆穿魔术的行为，“partiallyright”与后文镜子只是幻象一部分相契合，逻辑清晰。故选D项。【18题详析】由下文“Whenithappens,peopletendtooverjudgehowmuchtheyknowaboutanygivensubject,especiallywhentheyknowverylittle.Themoreastonishingfinding,however,isthatthemoreweactuallyknow,thelessourconfidenceisabouthowmuchweactuallyknow.(当这种情况发生时，人们往往会高估自己对某一话题的了解程度，尤其是在知之甚少的时候。然而，更令人惊讶的发现是，我们实际知道的越多，对自己所知的信心就越低。)”可知，空格处需点明这种现象的专业名称，总领本段内容。B项“ThisistheDunning-Krugereffect.(这就是邓宁-克鲁格效应。)”符合语境，该句直接命名前文孩子的行为所体现的现象，后文则具体解释该效应的内涵，逻辑连贯。故选B项。【19题详析】由上文解释邓宁-克鲁格效应的内涵，和下文“Adultsmakepostsonlinelike“That’snottrue!”especiallywhentheyarenotknowledgeableonthetopic.(成年人会在网上发“那不是真的！”这样的帖子，尤其是在他们对这个话题一无所知的时候。)”可知，空格处需衔接效应内涵与成年人在网络上的具体表现，说明该效应的体现场景。E项“Weseethiseffectplayoutperfectlyonsocialmedia.(我们能在社交媒体上清楚地看到这种效应的体现。)”符合语境，“thiseffect”指代邓宁-克鲁格效应，该句引出社交媒体这一场景，后文则具体举例该效应在网络上的表现，逻辑清晰。故选E项。【20题详析】由上文“Oncewerealizeit’sourownoverconfidencespeaking—notthetruth,wecandosomethingaboutit.(一旦我们意识到说话的是自己的过度自信，而非事实，我们就能有所行动。)”可知，空格处需说明意识到过度自信并做出改变后的积极结果，收束全文。G项“Thatwillmakekids’magicshowsandtheworldmuchbetter.(那会让儿童魔术表演和这个世界变得更美好。)”符合语境，“That”指代前文意识到过度自信并采取行动的做法，该句点明这一做法的积极影响，既呼应开头的儿童魔术表演话题，又升华到对整个世界的意义，逻辑连贯。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共四节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasoneofthoserainySundayafternoons.Iwasconcentratingonmyblankcanvas(画布),feeling____21____.Mypaintingfortheupcomingcompetitionlayuntouched.Fromthekitchenflowedtheinvitingsmellofmyfather’ssecret-recipesoup.“Dinnerintwentyminutes,Maya!”hecalled.Butmyeyeswerefixedontheemptywhitespacethatseemedto____22____me.Ipushedmychairbackforcefullyand____23____intothelivingroom.“Hitawall?”fatheraskedcalmly.“Morelikeamountain!Thethemeis‘Home’,buteverything...”Aheavysigh(叹息)____24____me.“WhenIwasyourage,Istruggledwith____25____.Wantedeverypicturetobeperfect,toprovesomething.”Hewalkedtothebookshelf,pulledoutadustyalbum(相册)and____26____black-and-whitephotos.Theywereordinary,slightlyoutoffocus—ourmessykitchen,momlaughingwithflouronhernose,mesleepingwiththedog.Perfectbut____27____.“Youtookthese?”Iasked.“My‘Home’series,butnever____28____anycompetition,”fatheranswered.Ilookedatthephotos,andgraduallysomething____29____insideme.Theworrygavewaytothesoundsoftheturningofalbumpagesandthegentlerainagainstthewindow,whichwerethemost____30____Ihadfeltinweeks.Iwasn’ttryingtoproveanythingtoanyone.Thepaintingwasn’tforthecompetitionanymore.Itwasforthe____31____.ThatnightIlookedatthethemeagain;“Home.”Ifinallyknewwhattodo.Ipaintedour____32____Sundayafternoon—asnapshot(写照)ofthequietlovethatfilledourhome,as____33____asmyfather’ssoup.Iputthepaintingonthetable.Itwasa____34____thatthegreatestartisn’taboutperfection,butaboutdiscoveringthewarmth____35____insimplemoments.21.A.confused B.frightened C.unconcerned D.discouraged22.A.laughat B.arguewith C.dependon D.careabout23.A.moved B.jumped C.stormed D.jogged24.A.blocked B.escaped C.filled D.missed25.A.photography B.art C.painting D.writing26.A.posted B.developed C.spread D.shot27.A.clear B.real C.complete D.modern28.A.failed B.finished C.lost D.entered29.A.stayed B.changed C.broke D.struggled30.A.anxious B.lonely C.peaceful D.thankful31.A.reward B.honor C.freedom D.family32.A.tiring B.ordinary C.important D.formal33.A.exciting B.expensive C.warm D.surprising34.A.explanation B.reminder C.gift D.training35.A.hidden B.tested C.thrown D.separated【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.A26.C27.B28.D29.B30.C31.D32.B33.C34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了玛雅因绘画比赛主题“家”而灵感枯竭，她的父亲通过展示自己未参赛的“家”系列摄影作品，启发她领悟到“家”的本质在于真实、温暖的日常瞬间，从而创作出真正有意义的作品。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我专注地盯着空白的画布，感到气馁。A.confused困惑的；B.frightened害怕的；C.unconcerned漠不关心的；D.discouraged气馁的。根据前文“blankcanvas”和后文“Mypaintingfortheupcomingcompetitionlayuntouched”可知，画布空白且作品毫无进展，表明作者正遭遇创作瓶颈，因此感到“气馁”。故选D项。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我的眼睛紧盯着那片似乎是在嘲笑我的空白。A.laughat嘲笑；B.arguewith争论；C.dependon依靠；D.careabout关心。根据前文“emptywhitespace”和后文作者沮丧的情绪，此处用拟人手法，将空白的画布比作“嘲笑”她的对象。故选A项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我猛地推开椅子，冲进了客厅。A.moved移动；B.jumped跳跃；C.stormed气冲冲地走，冲；D.jogged慢跑。根据前文“pushedmychairbackforcefully”这一动作体现的沮丧情绪，以及后文与父亲的对话场景，可知她是带着情绪“冲”进客厅的。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发出一声沉重的叹息。A.blocked阻塞；B.escaped(不自觉地)由……发出；C.filled充满；D.missed错过。根据前文“Aheavysigh”和后文“me”可推知，作者不自觉地发出了叹息声。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我像你这么大的时候，也为摄影苦恼过。A.photography摄影；B.art艺术；C.painting绘画；D.writing写作。根据后文“Wantedeverypicturetobeperfect”和“pulledoutadustyalbum(相册)”可知，父亲年轻时苦恼的是“摄影”。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他走到书架前，抽出一本布满灰尘的相册，并展开了里面的黑白照片。A.posted张贴；B.developed冲洗(胶卷)；C.spread展开，铺开；D.shot拍摄。根据前文“pulledoutadustyalbum”和后文“Theywereordinary”可知，父亲正在展示照片，“spread”形象地描述了将照片(可能从相册中取出或翻开相册)展现在面前的动作。故选C项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：完美但真实。A.clear清晰的；B.real真实的；C.complete完整的；D.modern现代的。根据前文“slightlyoutoffocus

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ourmessykitchen,momlaughingwithflouronhernose,mesleepingwiththedog”可知，这些都展现了生活的真实面貌，因此是“完美但真实的”。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我的‘家’系列，但从未参加过任何比赛。”父亲回答。A.failed失败；B.finished完成；C.lost丢失；D.entered参加。根据后文“anycompetition”可知，父亲的作品只是为自己而创作，并未“参加”比赛。故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着这些照片，渐渐地，我内心有些东西改变了。A.stayed停留；B.changed改变；C.broke打破；D.struggled挣扎。根据后文“Theworrygavewayto”可知，玛雅的焦虑情绪开始消退，她的心态和认知发生了积极“改变”。故选B项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：担忧被翻动相册页的声音和窗外的细雨声所取代，那是我几周以来感到最平和的时刻。A.anxious焦虑的；B.lonely孤独的；C.peaceful平和的；D.thankful感激的。根据前文“thesoundsoftheturningofalbumpagesandthegentlerain”营造的宁静氛围，以及“Theworrygaveway”可知，担忧消失，此刻的感受是“平和”。故选C项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是为了家人。A.reward奖励；B.honor荣誉；C.freedom自由；D.family家庭。根据全文主题“Home”以及父亲照片中记录的家人瞬间，玛雅领悟到艺术的价值在于记录“家庭”的温暖。故选D项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我画下了我们平凡的周日下午——一个充满了我们家宁静之爱的写照，如父亲的汤一般温暖。A.tiring令人疲倦的；B.ordinary平凡的；C.important重要的；D.formal正式的。根据前文父亲照片的内容“ourmessykitchen,momlaughingwithflouronhernose,mesleepingwiththedog.”(凌乱的厨房，妈妈鼻子上有面粉等)和文章主旨，真正的“家”在于日常、平凡的时刻，所以这个周日下午是“平凡的”。故选B项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我画下了我们平凡的周日下午——一个充满了我们家宁静之爱的写照，如父亲的汤一般温暖。A.exciting令人兴奋的；B.expensive昂贵的；C.warm温暖的；D.surprising令人惊讶的。根据前文“theinvitingsmellofmyfather’ssecret-recipesoup”和文章强调家庭温暖的主旨，此处用汤的“温暖”来比喻家庭的温暖。故选C项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是一个提醒：最伟大的艺术不在于完美，而在于发现隐藏在简单时刻中的温暖。A.explanation解释；B.reminder提醒；C.gift礼物；D.training训练。根据这幅画本身或其承载的道理，对作者和读者而言，它是一个“提醒”。故选B项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是一个提醒：最伟大的艺术不在于完美，而在于发现隐藏在简单时刻中的温暖。A.hidden隐藏；B.tested测试；C.thrown扔掉；D.separated分开。根据前文父亲展示的普通照片中的“warmth”以及文章揭示的道理，温暖（如家庭的宁静之爱）并非总是显而易见，而是“隐藏”在看似平凡的瞬间里，需要我们去发现。故选A项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AgroupofresearchersfromChinaandothercountriesareworkingtogethertohelpincreaseknowledgeandappreciationofChina’sancientculturalheritage.TheyarerecordingandcollectingdigitalimagesofculturalrelicsfromtheMogaoCaves,which____36____(be)akeystopalongtheSilkRoadthroughoutChina’sancienthistory.TheMogaoCaveshavelongbeen____37____meetingpointfordifferentculturesandarepartofthehistoryofmanycountries.Today,theycontinuetoattractinternationalvisitors,much____38____theydidduringthedaysoftheSilkRoad.TouristsfromallovertheworldvisitDunhuangtoseethecaves,andtheGettyMuseuminLosAngeleshasevenreproducedacopyofthecavesandpaintings,allowingpeopleinAmerica____39____(experience)theirbeauty.Bysharingsomanydigitalphotosonline____40____(open),thegrouphopestopromotewiderinterestaroundtheworld____41____China’sancienthistory,culture,andtraditions.Theyalsohopeto____42____(far)educatepeopleabouttheimportanceofsafeguardinghistoricandculturalrelicsforfuturegenerationstounderstandandappreciate.Asoneresearcherwhoisworkingonthe