山西省临汾市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省临汾市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEdinburghInternationalFestivalTheFestivalisthehighlightofScotland’scalendarturningthecapitalintoaculturalhotspoteveryAugust.ItwelcomestheworldtoEdinburghtoexperienceahand-pickedprogrammeofthefinestperformersindance,opera,musicandtheatre.Throughworld-classartistry,theFestivalcreatesspaceforreflection,debateandcelebration,bringingpeopleofdifferentculturesandviewpointstogether.WhenistheFestival?In2025,theFestivalwilltakeplacefrom1stto24thAugust.TheFestivalwillfocusonthethemeof“TheTruthWeSeek”andwillincludeperformancesindance,theatre,musicandoperapresentedbyartistsfromaroundtheworld.AffordabilityattheFestivalTheFestivalbelievesthatcostshouldn’tbeabarrier(障碍)toculturaldiscoveryandhasarangeofdiscountsforunder18saswellasdisabledcustomers.Alimitednumberof£10AffordableTicketsareavailableforeveryeventintheprogrammeforthosewhoneedthem.OnlineBookingIfyouhavebookedbefore,youshouldbeabletologinwiththesameemailaddressandpasswordthatyoupreviouslyused.TelephoneBookingTelephone+44(0)131473200027March—29July,MondaytoFriday12:00am—4:00pm30July—24August,MondaytoSunday10:00am—8:00pm1.WhatistheFestivalmainlyabout?A.Acelebrationoftheperformingarts. B.Rememberingaworld-classdancer.C.AmeetingofmusiciansfromScotland. D.Markingtheestablishmentofatheater.2.WhenwilltheFestivalstartthisyear?A.OnJuly29. B.OnJuly30. C.OnAugust1. D.OnAugust24.3.Whoisabletobuytheticketatadiscount?A.Anagedmusicfan. B.Amusicteacher.C.Anadultperformer. D.Adisabledstudent.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爱丁堡国际艺术节的相关信息，包括时间、主题、票价优惠及订票方式。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheFestivalisthehighlightofScotland’scalendarturningthecapitalintoaculturalhotspoteveryAugust.ItwelcomestheworldtoEdinburghtoexperienceahand-pickedprogrammeofthefinestperformersindance,opera,musicandtheatre.(这个节日是苏格兰日历上的亮点，每年八月将首都变成一个文化热点。它欢迎世界各地的人们来到爱丁堡，体验精心挑选的舞蹈、歌剧、音乐和戏剧方面的最佳表演者的节目)”可知，这个节日主要是关于表演艺术的庆祝活动。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据WhenistheFestival?部分“In2025,theFestivalwilltakeplacefrom1stto24thAugust.(2025年，艺术节将于8月1日至24日举行)”可知，今年艺术节于8月1日开始。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据AffordabilityattheFestival部分“TheFestivalbelievesthatcostshouldn’tbeabarriertoculturaldiscoveryandhasarangeofdiscountsforunder18saswellasdisabledcustomers.(艺术节认为，费用不应成为文化发现的障碍，因此为18岁以下人士和残疾顾客提供一系列折扣)”可知，残疾学生可以购买折扣票。故选D。BAfewyearsback,IwasleavingtheanimalshelterwhereIworkedonlytofindababygoatattheendofthedriveway.Theshelter’sownersareknownanimalrescuers,andIfiguredsomeonehaddroppedhimoverthefence.ThekidwasvisiblynervousbutstoodperfectlystillasIapproached.I’mananimalloverandI’vebroughthomedogs,cats,horses,andchickens,butneveragoat.Thetinykidwastooadorabletoresist.InamedhimRocky,andwiththehelpofsomeexperiencedfriends,bottle-fedhiminmybathroom.Rockyprovedtobequiteintelligent.Whenhewasaboutaweekold,Iknockedonthebathroomfloorandsaid“liedown”.Iwasastonishedwhenhedroppeddown.Iwasevenmoreamazedwhenhediditthreetimesinarow.AquickstudyRockylearnedtoliedown,bow,andturninacircleinnotime.Heishouse-trained,jumpsinthebackofmycarwhenIsay“loadup”,andspendsthedaywanderingwithmydogs,whomheconsidershisfellowgroup.HeknowsthenameofeverythingIfeedhim,andevenjoinsusfortripstothedogpark.Ilovetotrainanimalsandoftentakemydogstoshowswheretheycanperformtheirtricks.Rockydidhisfirstshowwhenhewasjustsixweeksold.Heknewonlyafewtricksthen,buthedidthemperfectlyandnevermisbehavedorgotnervousinfrontofthecrowd.Nowhehasawholeinventory(清单):he’llcomewhencalled,walkonastring,wave,smileforthecamera(“Saycheese”),andmore.Rockyandmydogsperformregularlyatschools,nursinghomes,andcharityevents.Rockycaneven“read”histricksoffcards,whichalwaysearnsthemostapplause.It’shardtobelievethatthebabygoatnobodywantedturnedouttobeoneofthesmartestandmostgood-naturedanimalsI’veeverhad.He’sbyfarthesharpestofmybunch—justdon’ttellthedogs!4.HowdidtheauthoracquireRocky?A.Heboughthimfromapetstore.B.Hereceivedhimfromashelterowner.C.Hesawhiminsidetheshelterbuilding.D.Hefoundhimabandonednearhisworkplace.5.WhatfirstdemonstratedRocky’sintelligenceatoneweekold?A.Playingwiththenarrator’sdogs.B.Jumpingintothecaroncommand.C.Recognizingdifferentfoodsbyname.D.Obeyingthe“liedown”commandrepeatedly.6.WhatdoesRocky’sviewofthedogsas“hisfellowgroup”imply?A.Heseesthemashisprotectivefamilygroup.B.Heincreasinglydominatesthedogs.C.Hecompeteswiththemforfood.D.Hefearsthemandavoidsinteraction.7.Whichreceives“themostapplause”duringperformances?A.Smilingforthecamera.B.Wavingattheaudience.C.Walkingperfectlyonastring.D.Performingtricksbyreadingcards.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在工作场所附近发现并收养了一只被遗弃的小山羊Rocky，Rocky非常聪明，学会了很多技能，还和作者及狗一起参加表演。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Afewyearsback,IwasleavingtheanimalshelterwhereIworkedonlytofindababygoatattheendofthedriveway.(几年前，我正要离开我工作的动物收容所，却在车道尽头发现了一只小山羊。)”以及第二段中“InamedhimRocky,andwiththehelpofsomeexperiencedfriends,bottle-fedhiminmybathroom.(我给他起名叫Rocky，在一些有经验的朋友的帮助下，我在浴室里用奶瓶喂他。)”可知，作者在工作场所附近发现了被遗弃的Rocky并收养了他。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whenhewasaboutaweekold,Iknockedonthebathroomfloorandsaid“liedown”.Iwasastonishedwhenhedroppeddown.Iwasevenmoreamazedwhenhediditthreetimesinarow.(当他大约一周大的时候，我敲了敲浴室的地板，说“躺下”。当他倒下时，我惊呆了。当他连续三次这样做时，我更加惊讶。)”可知，Rocky一周大时，第一次表现出他的聪明是重复服从“躺下”的命令。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Heishouse-trained,jumpsinthebackofmycarwhenIsay“loadup”,andspendsthedaywanderingwithmydogs,whomheconsidershisfellowgroup.(他受过室内训练，当我说“装车”时，他会跳进我的汽车后座，和我的狗一起四处游荡，他把它们当作自己的同伴。)”可推知，Rocky把狗看作是“他的同伴”，这意味着他把狗看作是自己的保护性家庭群体。故选A。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Rockycaneven“read”histricksoffcards,whichalwaysearnsthemostapplause.(Rocky甚至能从卡片上“读取”要表演的技巧，这总能赢得最热烈的掌声。)”可知，表演时，通过读卡片来表演把戏最受欢迎。故选D。CEvenifyoudon’tworrythatartificialintelligence(AI)willdestroythehumanrace,youmightconcernthatitsfearsomeappetiteforelectricitywilldestroytheenvironment.AskingChatGPTaquestionmeansusingtentimesmoreenergythananold-fashionedsearchinquiry.Google’sgreenhouse-gasemissions(排放)rosebynearlyhalfbetween2019and2023,astheAIboomtookoff;Microsoft’shavebeenupbyalmost30%since2020.Withhugeinvestmentsinnewdatacentresplanned,morerisesseemtohappen.Butthespreadofsuchpessimisticsentiments(悲观情绪)isinappropriate.Inabsoluteterms,AImaybelessenergy-hungrythanmanypeopleassume.Betterstill,AIcanhelpremovecarbonfromtheindustriesthathaveprovedhardesttocleanup.ConsiderAI’sappetiteforenergyfirst.TheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)thinksthatelectricityconsumptionbydatacentrescouldasmuchastriple(三倍)inthenextfiveyears.Evenifenergyusagesoars,though,thebaseisstilllow.Datacentrestodayaccountforabout1.5%oftheworld’selectricityconsumption—andthevastmajorityofthatisduetostreaming,socialmediaandonlineshopping,notAI.Moreover,someofAI’selectricityusewillhelpwithgreeningtheeconomy.Asweexplaininthisweek’sScience&Technologysection,AIexcelsatidentifyingcomplexpatterns,processinggiantdatasetsandupgradingsystems,allofwhichcanhelpreduceemissions.AIisalreadyhelpingimprovetheefficiencyofelectricalnetworks,cutfueluseinshippingandspototherwiseinvisibleleaksofmethane,apowerfulgreenhousegas.Thetaskforpolicymakersandindustrybossesistomaximizesuchbenefitswhileminimizingtheclimateimpacts.Themostelegantsolutionwouldbeforgovernmentstoimposeaproperpriceoncarbonandleavethemarkettodoitswork.8.Whatistheauthor’smainargumentregardingAI’senergyconsumption?A.GovernmentsmustimmediatelystopAIdevelopment.B.AIwillcauseenvironmentaldisastertothehumanrace.C.CurrentconcernsaboutAI’senergyimpactareoverstated.D.StreamingservicesandsocialmediaposegreaterthreatsthanAI.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“soars”inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Increasesquickly. B.Looksnormal.C.Fallssharply. D.Comeseasily.10.HowdoesAIhelptoreduceemissions?A.Byshuttingdownhigh-pollutionfactories.B.Bydevelopingnewcarboncapturetechnologies.C.Bycompletelyreplacingtraditionalenergysources.D.ByconductingAI-powereddataandsystemoperations.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DataCentre:PoweringtheFutureB.GoogleandMicrosoft’sCarbonCrisisC.AI:EnergyConsumerorClimateRescuerD.AI:EnvironmentalThreatorEconomicBooster【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出尽管AI的电力消耗引发环境担忧，但其实际能耗被高估，且AI能通过优化系统和数据分析助力减排；政策制定者需平衡其气候影响与环保效益。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Butthespreadofsuchpessimisticsentiments(悲观情绪)isinappropriate.Inabsoluteterms,AImaybelessenergy-hungrythanmanypeopleassume.Betterstill,AIcanhelpremovecarbonfromtheindustriesthathaveprovedhardesttocleanup.(但此类悲观情绪的蔓延并不恰当。从绝对值来看，AI的能耗可能比人们想象的要低。更好的是，AI可以帮助那些被证明最难清理的行业消除碳排放。)”可知，作者认为不应悲观地预测AI的能源影响，而且AI具有环保潜力。由此可知，作者的观点是“对AI能源影响的当前担忧被夸大了”。故选C项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“TheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)thinksthatelectricityconsumptionbydatacentrescouldasmuchastriple(三倍)inthenextfiveyears.(国际能源署(IEA)认为，数据中心的用电量在未来五年内可能会增加三倍。)”和下文“thebaseisstilllow(基数仍然很低)”可知，前后有让步关系，AI的能源消耗基数很小，画线词所表示的趋势应与前面提到的数据中心的电力消耗增加一致，画线词意思应该是“快速增加，猛涨”。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Asweexplaininthisweek’sScience&Technologysection,AIexcelsatidentifyingcomplexpatterns,processinggiantdatasetsandupgradingsystems,allofwhichcanhelpreduceemissions.(正如我们在本周的科学与技术部分所解释的那样，AI擅长识别复杂的模式、处理庞大的数据集和升级系统，所有这些都有助于减少排放。)”可知，AI驱动的数据与系统操作可以减少排放。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Evenifyoudon’tworrythatartificialintelligence(AI)willdestroythehumanrace,youmightconcernthatitsfearsomeappetiteforelectricitywilldestroytheenvironment.(即使你不担心人工智能(AI)会毁灭人类，你也可能会担心它对电力的可怕需求会破坏环境。)”和“Betterstill,AIcanhelpremovecarbonfromtheindustriesthathaveprovedhardesttocleanup.(更好的是，AI可以帮助那些被证明最难清理的行业消除碳排放。)”可知，文章先承认AI的能耗问题，但指出担忧被夸大，后强调AI在减排中的实际应用。因此，C项“AI：能源消耗者还是气候拯救者？”凸显了对AI能源影响的两种争论，最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。DDecadesago,spacetravelwasstrictlycontrolledbygovernmentspaceagencies.Missionswerepurelyforscientificresearchornationalhonorwithordinarycitizensnotallowedtodreamofsuchajourney.Atpresent,spacetourismremainsinitsearlydays.Far-sightedenterpriseshavemadespacetravelmoreaccessible.Recentorbitalandsuborbitalflightshaveproventheviabilityofcommercialspacetravel.Yet,thehighexpensesinvolvedmeanthatonlythewealthyandmajorsponsorscancurrentlyaffordit.SomecompaniesoffershortspaceflightsforatasteofweightlessnessandbreathtakingviewsofEarth,whileothersaretryinglunarflybys,pavingthewayforbroaderpublicparticipationinthefuture.Intheupcomingtenyears,withmoreparticipantsenteringthespacetourismmarket,pricesarelikelytodrop,makingspacetravelavailabletoawideraudience.Collaborationsmayprovideopportunitiesforordinarypeopletoexperiencespace.Tripscouldextendbeyondshort-termflights,withtheMoonbecomingapopulardestinationandMarspotentiallywithinreachastechnologyadvances.Customizedexperiences,suchasspacesciencetoursorluxuryspacestays,willprobablybeoffered.Peoplealsoexpectthespacetourismtointegratewiththeentertainmentindustry,perhapsfeaturingspaceconcerts.Buttheindustryfacessignificantobstacles.Highcostsactasabarriertowidespreadparticipation.Rocketlaunchescontributetoenvironmentalpollution,andregulatoryframeworksarestillbeingdeveloped.Additionally,passengersfacehealthrisks.Despitethesedifficulties,spacetourismhasthepotentialtoinspirefuturegenerationsanddrivetechnologicalinnovation,servingasastepping-stoneforfurtherspaceexploration.Addressingcost,safety,andenvironmentalissuesiscrucialforitslong-termsuccess.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“viability”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Possibility. B.Necessity. C.Value. D.Risk.13.Whatisthecurrentstateofspacetourism?A.Ithasabroadpublicparticipation.B.Itissponsoredbyhigh-techcompanies.C.Itisprimarilyusedinscienceresearch.D.Itisintheinitialstageofdevelopment.14.Whattrendofspacetourismisexpectedaccordingtothetext?A.Guaranteedsafety. B.Governmentsupport.C.Diverseexperiences. D.Propermanagement.15.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertisespacetourism.B.Toadvocatespacescienceeducation.C.Toshowthelimitationofspacetourism.D.Tointroducethedevelopmentofspacetourism.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了空间旅游从过去受政府严格控制到如今处于早期发展阶段，未来趋势及面临挑战的情况。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Recentorbitalandsuborbitalflightshaveproventheviabilityofcommercialspacetravel.(最近的轨道和亚轨道飞行证明了商业太空旅行的viability)”可知，最近的轨道和亚轨道飞行证明了商业太空旅行的可行性，viability意思是“可行性，可能性”。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Atpresent,spacetourismremainsinitsearlydays.(目前，太空旅游仍处于早期阶段)”可知，太空旅游目前处于发展的初始阶段。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Tripscouldextendbeyondshort-termflights,withtheMoonbecomingapopulardestinationandMarspotentiallywithinreachastechnologyadvances.Customizedexperiences,suchasspacesciencetoursorluxuryspacestays,willprobablybeoffered.Peoplealsoexpectthespacetourismtointegratewiththeentertainmentindustry,perhapsfeaturingspaceconcerts.(随着技术的进步，旅行可能会超越短期飞行，月球将成为热门目的地，火星也可能触手可及。可能会提供定制体验，如太空科学之旅或豪华太空住宿。人们还期待太空旅游与娱乐产业相结合，或许会有太空音乐会)”可知，太空旅游预计会有多样化的体验。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Decadesago,spacetravelwasstrictlycontrolledbygovernmentspaceagencies.(几十年前，太空旅行受到政府航天机构的严格控制)”；第二段中“Atpresent,spacetourismremainsinitsearlydays.(目前，太空旅游仍处于早期阶段)”；第三段中“Intheupcomingtenyears,withmoreparticipantsenteringthespacetourismmarket,pricesarelikelytodrop,makingspacetravelavailabletoawideraudience.(在未来的十年里，随着越来越多的参与者进入太空旅游市场，价格可能会下降，使更多的人能够进行太空旅行)”以及第四段中“Buttheindustryfacessignificantobstacles.(但该行业面临重大障碍)”可知，本文写作目的是介绍太空旅游的发展。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoAvoidMeaninglessSocialInteractionsIntoday’sworld,weoftenfindourselvestrappedintiringsocialcirclesthatareusingupourenergy.Learningtoidentifyandavoidmeaninglessinteractionsiscrucialformentalwell-being.Herearesomepracticalstrategies.____16____Beforeattendinganysocialevent,askyourself:“Doesthisagreewithmyvalues?”or“Willthishelpmegrow?”Ifyou’reattendingjustoutofobligation(义务),it’slikelyanunworthycommitment.Psychologistssuggestthat70%ofsocialtirednesscomesfromactivitieswedidn’tgenuinelywanttojoin.QualityOverQuantity.Havinghundredsofso-calledfriendsdoesn’tequaltrueconnection.____17____ACambridgeUniversitystudyshowsthatpeoplewith3-5deepfriendshipsreporthigherlifesatisfactionthanthosewithdozensofso-calledones.Investtimeinrelationshipsthatinspiregrowtheachother.MastertheArtofsayingNo.Thefearofmissingoutoftenpushesusintounwantedgatherings.____18____Politelydeclininginvitationswithsimplestatementslike“Ihaveotherpriorities”isperfectlyacceptable.Remember,every“yes”toothersisa“no”toyourself.DigitalDetoxification(数字排毒).Socialmediacreatesfantasyofobligation.____19____Schedulespecifictimetocheckmessagesinsteadofrespondingimmediately.Researchindicatesthatlimitingsocialmediauseto30minutesdailysignificantlyreducesanxiety.EmbraceStayingalone.____20____Regularstayingaloneallowsforself-reflectionandrecharging.HistoricalfigureslikeNewtonandKefkaproducedtheirbestworkduringperiodsofbeingalone.Startwithshortwalksorcoffeebreaksalonetorediscoverthejoyofyourowncompany.A.Beingalonedoesn’tmeanbeinglonely.B.Practicesettingboundarieswithoutguilt.C.Prioritizeactivitiesthatbringpersonalfulfillment.D.Evaluatethepurposeofsocialengagementsbeforehand.E.Stopfollowingaccountsthatcausenegativecomparisons.F.Instead,focusondevelopingafewmeaningfulrelationships.G.Manyonlineinteractionsareperformativeratherthangenuine.【答案】16.D17.F18.B19.G20.A【语篇解读】本篇是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了如何在高度社交化的现代生活中避免无意义的社交互动，以保护心理健康并提升生活质量。【16题详析】根据下文“Beforeattendinganysocialevent,askyourself:‘Doesthisagreewithmyvalues?’or‘Willthishelpmegrow?’Ifyou’reattendingjustoutofobligation(义务),it’slikelyanunworthycommitment.(在参加任何社交活动之前，问问自己：‘这符合我的价值观吗？’或者‘这会帮助我成长吗？’如果你只是出于义务去参加，那很可能是一个不值得的承诺)”提到在参加社交活动前，应该问自己：“这符合我的价值观？”或“这能帮助我成长吗？”，并指出如果只是出于义务参加，可能是不值得的。这与选项D“提前评估社交活动的目的”完全契合。关键词匹配：Beforeattendinganysocialevent,askyourself...对应Evaluatethepurpose...beforehand。故选D。【17题详析】根据本段主题句“QualityOverQuantity.(质量重于数量)”以及下文“ACambridgeUniversitystudyshowsthatpeoplewith3-5deepfriendshipsreporthigherlifesatisfactionthanthosewithdozensofso-calledones.(剑桥大学的一项研究表明，拥有3-5个深厚友谊的人比拥有几十个所谓友谊的人生活满意度更高)”提到拥有3-5段深厚友谊的人比拥有大量浅交的人更幸福。选项F“专注于培养少数有意义的关系”直接承接这一观点。关键词匹配：QualityOverQuantity和3-5deepfriendships对应fewmeaningfulrelationships。故选F。【18题详析】根据本段主题句“MastertheArtofsayingNo.(掌握说不的艺术)”可知，本段主要讨论“学会拒绝”，空前“Thefearofmissingoutoftenpushesusintounwantedgatherings.(对错过的恐惧常常把我们推向不想要的聚会)”提到人们常因害怕错过而参加不想要的社交活动，并建议礼貌拒绝。选项B“练习毫无愧疚地设定界限”是对这一内容的总结。关键词匹配：MastertheArtofSayingNo和Politelydeclininginvitations对应settingboundarieswithoutguilt。故选B。【19题详析】根据空前内容“Socialmediacreatesfantasyofobligation.(社交媒体创造了了虚假的义务感)”可知，社交媒体制造了“虚假的义务感”(fantasyofobligation)，下文“Schedulespecifictimetocheckmessagesinsteadofrespondingimmediately.Researchindicatesthatlimitingsocialmediauseto30minutesdailysignificantlyreducesanxiety.(安排特定的时间来检查邮件，而不是立即回复。研究表明，将社交媒体的使用时间限制在每天30分钟可以显著减少焦虑)”建议减少即时回复通知。选项G“许多线上互动是表演性的而非真实的”解释了这种虚假感的来源，与上下文逻辑一致。关键词匹配：Socialmediacreatesfantasyofobligation对应performativeratherthangenuine。故选G。【20题详析】根据本段主题句“EmbraceStayingalone.(拥抱独处)”和下文“Regularstayingaloneallowsforself-reflectionandrecharging.HistoricalfigureslikeNewtonandKefkaproducedtheirbestworkduringperiodsofbeingalone.(经常独处可以让你自我反省和充电。像牛顿和卡夫卡这样的历史人物在独处的时候创作了他们最好的作品)”可知，最后一段主题是“享受独处”，并举例牛顿、卡夫卡在独处中创造伟大作品。选项A“独处不等于孤独”是段落的核心观点，且与后文“Startwithshortwalksorcoffeebreaksalonetorediscoverthejoyofyourowncompany.(从一个人散步或喝咖啡开始，重新发现与自己相处的乐趣)”中“重新发现与自己相处的乐趣”呼应。关键词匹配：Embracestayingalone和joyofyourowncompany对应Beingalonedoesn’tmeanbeinglonely。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Everyautumn,morethansevenmillionpeopletraveltoMunichforOktoberfest.Thecityfillswithmusic,laughter,andthe____21____oftastyfood.Onecoolevening,KatherineIrvine____22____therewithherhusbandandtwochildren,____23____tojointhefun.Afterhoursofcirclingaround____24____streets,theyranintoabigproblem:everyhotelandguesthousewas____25____.Katherineandherfamilyhadnoplacetosleep.Katherineandherhusband____26____theirheavysuitcases(手提箱)fromdoortodoor,askingeachinnkeeper(旅店老板)foraroom.Buteverytimetheyknocked,the____27____wasthesame—noroomsavailable.Before____28____howtofindaroom,theycameacrossafriendlyGermanfamily.NoticingKatherine’s____29____face,thefatheraskedherwhatwaswrong.Katherine_____30_____thattheyhadnowheretostayforthenight.Withouthesitation,theGermanfamily_____31_____tohelp.TheyledKatherineandherfamilytotheirapartmentnearby.Finally,Katherine’sfamilycouldhaveagoodnight’s_____32_____.Earlythenextmorning,theGermanhostswentouttoalocalbakery.They_____33_____withwarmrolls,sweetjam(果酱),andsteamingcoffee.Together,everyoneenjoyedasimplebreakfastbeforeheadingtoOktoberfest.Katharinefelt_____34_____forthefamily’skindness.Shepromisedherselfthat,ifsheeversawsomeone_____35_____,shewouldstepup—justasshehadbeenhelpedsowarmlyinMunich.21.A.order B.price C.look D.smell22.A.arrived B.waited C.left D.called23.A.afraid B.nervous C.eager D.sorry24.A.cold B.clean C.empty D.crowded25.A.new B.full C.valuable D.open26.A.changed B.repaired C.carried D.dropped27.A.question B.answer C.boss D.menu28.A.figuringout B.accountingfor C.pointingto D.pickingout29.A.relaxed B.worried C.strange D.plain30.A.imagined B.forgot C.shouted D.explained31.A.offered B.failed C.refused D.learned32.A.talk B.meal C.trip D.rest33.A.returned B.toured C.sang D.stood34.A.ready B.sorry C.grateful D.responsible35.A.infear B.inneed C.insilence D.incharge【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.D25.B26.C27.B28.A29.B30.D31.A32.D33.A34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Katherine一家在慕尼黑参加啤酒节时遭遇住宿困难，幸得一个德国友好家庭帮助的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这座城市充满了音乐、笑声和美食的香味。A.order订单；B.price价格；C.look外观；D.smell气味。根据下文“tastyfood”可知，此处指美食散发的气味。故选D项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个凉爽的夜晚，凯瑟琳·欧文和她的丈夫以及两个孩子抵达那里，渴望加入这场欢乐之中。A.arrived到达；B.waited等待；C.left离开；D.called呼叫。根据上文“traveltoMunich”以及“tojointhefun”可知，他们到达了慕尼黑。故选A项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个凉爽的夜晚，凯瑟琳·欧文和她的丈夫以及两个孩子抵达那里，渴望加入这场欢乐之中。A.afraid害怕的；B.nervous紧张的；C.eager渴望的；D.sorry抱歉的。根据上文“Everyautumn,morethansevenmillionpeopletraveltoMunichforOktoberfest.”和“Onecoolevening,KatherineIrvine...there”可知，啤酒节氛围浓厚，他们渴望参与到节日的欢乐氛围中。故选C项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在拥挤的街道上绕了几个小时后，他们遇到了一个大问题：每一家酒店和旅馆都客满了，凯瑟琳和她的家人没有地方睡觉。A.cold寒冷的；B.clean干净的；C.empty空的；D.crowded拥挤的。根据上文“morethansevenmillionpeopletraveltoMunichforOktoberfest”可知，因为有很多人来参加啤酒节，街道很拥挤。故选D项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在拥挤的街道上绕了几个小时后，他们遇到了一个大问题：每一家酒店和旅馆都客满了，凯瑟琳和她的家人没有地方睡觉。A.new新的；B.full满的；C.valuable有价值的；D.open开放的。根据下文“Katherineandherfamilyhadnoplacetosleep”可知，所有住宿的地方都满员了。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯瑟琳和她的丈夫提着沉重的手提箱一家一家地敲门，向每个旅店老板询问是否有房间。A.changed改变；B.repaired修理；C.carried携带；D.dropped掉落。根据下文“theirheavysuitcases(手提箱)fromdoortodoor”可知，他们提着行李箱一家一家找住处。故选C项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但每次他们敲门，得到的答案都是一样的——没有空房间。A.question问题；B.answer回答；C.boss老板；D.menu菜单。根据下文“noroomsavailable”可知，这是旅店老板给他们的回答。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：还没想出如何找到房间，他们遇到了一个友善的德国家庭。A.figuringout想出；B.accountingfor解释；C.pointingto指向；D.pickingout挑选出。根据下文“howtofindaroom”可知，他们还没想出办法找到住处。故选A项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位父亲注意到凯瑟琳忧虑的神情，便问她怎么了。A.relaxed放松的；B.worried担忧的；C.strange奇怪的；D.plain普通的。根据上文他们找不到住处可知，凯瑟琳一脸担忧。故选B项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯瑟琳解释说他们晚上没有地方住。A.imagined想象；B.forgot忘记；C.shouted大喊；D.explained解释。根据“askedherwhatwaswrong”可知，凯瑟琳向这位父亲解释他们的困境。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个德国家庭毫不犹豫地主动提供帮助。A.offered主动提出；B.failed失败；C.refused拒绝；D.learned学习。根据下文“TheyledKatherineandherfamilytotheirapartmentnearby.”可知，这个家庭主动提出帮助他们。故选A项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，凯瑟琳一家终于可以好好休息一晚了。A.talk谈话；B.meal一餐；C.trip旅行；D.rest休息。根据上文“Katherine

thattheyhadnowheretostayforthenight.”和“TheyledKatherineandherfamilytotheirapartmentnearby.”可知，他们找地方睡觉，所以这里指能好好休息。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们带着温热的面包卷、甜果酱和热气腾腾的咖啡回来了。A.returned返回；B.toured旅行；C.sang唱歌；D.stood站立。根据上文“theGermanhostswentouttoalocalbakery”可知，出去之后又带着食物回来了。故选A项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：凯瑟琳对这个家庭的善意心怀感激。A.ready准备好的；B.sorry抱歉的；C.grateful感激的；D.responsible负责的。根据下文“thefamily’skindness”可知，凯瑟琳对他们的帮助很感激。故选C项。【35题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她向自己承诺，如果她看到有人需要帮助，她会挺身而出——就像她在慕尼黑得到如此热情的帮助一样。A.infear害怕；B.inneed需要帮助的；C.insilence沉默；D.incharge负责。根据下文“shewouldstepup—justasshehadbeenhelpedsowarmlyinMunich”可知，是看到有人需要帮助时，凯瑟琳也会主动提供帮助。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。XuXiake(1587–1641),afamousChinesetravelerandgeographer,wasbornintoa____36____(wealth)familyinJiangyin.Hisfather,XuYoumian,awell-to-dobusinessman____37____lovedtravelingandenjoyingthescenery,hadasignificantinfluenceonhim.WhenXuXiakewas19,hisfatherpassedaway.Hewasleftwiththeresponsibilityofhandlingthefarmhisfatherlefthim____38____caringforhis60-year-oldmother.Whilehelongedtotravel,hedidnotsetoff____39____(immediate)ashismotherwasstillaround.Hismother,areasonableandstudiouslady,encouragedhim:“Juststartyourtravels____40____(pursue)yourdreamsandtoincreaseyourknowledge.Whatcanyouachievebystayingathome?”XuXiakewasmotivated(激励)byhismother.Whenhewas22,heputonatravelinghat____41____(make)byhismotherandlefthomewithlittlebaggage(行李).XuXiakebeganwiththeneighbouringprovinces,____42____(come)hometocheckonhismotherforashorttimebeforethenextjourney.Hismaininterestwasinnatural____43____(wonder)likebigriversandhighmountains,insteadofcitiesandtowns.Afterthedeathofhisdearmotherin1625,XuXiake____44____(explore)manymoreplacesanddiditforamuchlongertime.Duringmorethan30years,hecovered,mostly____45____foot,nearlyalltheprovincesofMingChina.【答案】36.wealthy37.who##that38.and39.immediately40.topursue41.made42.coming43.wonders44.explored45.on【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了明代著名地理学家、旅行家徐霞客的成长经历及其游历山川的事迹。【36题详析】考查形容词。句意：徐霞客（1587–1641）是中国著名的旅行家和地理学家，出生于江阴一个富裕的家庭。根据空后名词family可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词；wealth的形容词为wealthy，表示“富裕的”。故填wealthy。【37题详析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他的父亲徐有勉是一位富有的商人，热爱旅行和欣赏风景，对他产生了重大影响。空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是awell-to-dobusinessman，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。【38题详析】考查连词。句意：他既要负责管理父亲留给他的农场，又要照顾60岁的母亲。handlingthefarmhisfatherlefthim和caringforhis60-year-oldmother是并列关系，所以空处需用连词and连接。故填and。【39题详析】考查副词。句意：虽然他渴望旅行，但由于母亲还在世，他并没有立即出发。根据空前动词setoff可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰动词；immediate的副词为immediately，表示“立即，马上”。故填immediately。【40题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：开始你的旅行，去追求你的梦想，增长你的知识吧。本句已有谓语动词start，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以空处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填topursue。【41题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：22岁时，他戴上母亲做的旅行帽，带着简单的行李离开了家。本句已有谓语动词puton和left，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；空处动词make与名词hat之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词hat。故填made。【42题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：徐霞客从邻省开始旅行，每次旅行前都会回家短暂看望母亲。本句已有谓语动词began，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；空处动词come与其逻辑主语XuXia