山西省吕梁市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省吕梁市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWildPlacesforOutdoorAdventuresinCanadaBestforgeologicalwonders:GrosMorneDespitebeinghometolandscapessobreathtaking,NewfoundlandandLabradorremainsoneofCanada’smostoverlookedprovinces.TakingprideofplaceonitswestcoastisUNESCO-listedGrosMorneNationalPark.Thepark’scallingcardisanancienttreasure—theTablelands,aplateaupushedupbytectonic(地壳的)plateshiftsandoneofonlyafewplacesintheworldyoucanwalkontheearth’smantle(地幔).Bestforsoftadventure:ThousandIslandsOneofCanada’ssmallestnationalparks,Ontario’sThousandIslandsislocatedinaregionofthesamename,andmadeupof21islandsandnumeroussmallerislandsintheSt.LawrenceRiver.Formedfromtheworn-downpeaksofancientmountains,muchofitisopenforcamping—apopular,family-friendlyoptionhere.Bestforanationalparkpilgrimage:BanffCanada’sfirstnationalpark,Banffsitsinthepalmofthesnow-dustedRockyMountainsandhasdrawntravellerstoitsnaturalhotspringssinceitfirstopenedin1885.ThosemineralbathsalsoinspiredtheconstructionoftheFairmontBanffSpringsHotel,a135-year-old,Scottishbaronial-stylecastle.TheactionherecentresaroundtheskiingtownofBanff,butthemountainsarehometowildlifesuchasmooseandgrizzlybears.Bestforwildlife:JasperBanff’snorthern,lesser-visitedneighbour.Jasper,isdoubleitssizeandthelargestnationalparkintheCanadianRockies.Ahiker’sregionofwildpeaks,it’shardnottobumpintowildlifehere.Elk,bighornsheep,andwolvesareabundant.Timeyourvisitforspringorautumnwhenwildlife-watchingisatitspeak.Non-hikerscanenjoycable-ridesforvalleyviewsandstar-gazingatnight—Jasperisthesecond-largestDarkSkyPreserve,intheworld.1.WhatmakesGrosMorneNationalParkattractivegeologically?A.Theavailabilityofcamping. B.TheTablelands,anancientplateau.C.Thepresenceofnaturalhotsprings. D.ItslocationinNewfoundlandandLabrador.2.Wherecanyoufindafamily-friendlycampingoptioninOntario?A.InBanffNationalPark. B.InJasperNationalPark.C.InThousandIslandsPark. D.InGrosMorneNationalPark.3.WhatdoBanffandJasperhaveincommon?A.Theirhotseasonisspring. B.Theirhotspringsattracttourists.C.Theyhaveahistoryofover100years. D.Awiderangeofwildlifecanbefoundthere.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了加拿大四个适合户外探险的地方，分别介绍了它们各自的特色和吸引力。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Bestforgeologicalwonders:GrosMorne部分中“Thepark’scallingcardisanancienttreasure—theTablelands,aplateaupushedupbytectonic(地壳的)plateshiftsandoneofonlyafewplacesintheworldyoucanwalkontheearth’smantle(地幔).(这个公园的名片是一处古老的宝藏——Tablelands，这是一个由地壳板块移动推升形成的高原，也是世界上仅有的几个可以在地球地幔上行走的地方之一。)”可知，从地质学角度来说，Tablelands，这个古老的高原使得格罗斯莫恩国家公园具有吸引力。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Bestforsoftadventure:ThousandIslands部分中“OneofCanada’ssmallestnationalparks,Ontario’sThousandIslandsislocatedinaregionofthesamename,andmadeupof21islandsandnumeroussmallerislandsintheSt.LawrenceRiver.Formedfromtheworn-downpeaksofancientmountains,muchofitisopenforcamping—apopular,family-friendlyoptionhere.(加拿大最小的国家公园之一，安大略省的千岛湖位于同名地区，由圣劳伦斯河中的21个岛屿和众多较小的岛屿组成。它由古老山脉被侵蚀的山峰形成，这里的大部分区域都开放供露营——这是一个受欢迎的、适合家庭的选择。)”可知，在安大略省的千岛湖公园可以找到适合家庭的露营选择。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Bestforanationalparkpilgrimage:Banff部分中“TheactionherecentresaroundtheskiingtownofBanff,butthemountainsarehometowildlifesuchasmooseandgrizzlybears.(这里的活动以班夫滑雪小镇为中心，但这些山脉是驼鹿和灰熊等野生动物的家园。)”以及Bestforwildlife:Jasper部分中“Ahiker’sregionofwildpeaks,it’shardnottobumpintowildlifehere.Elk,bighornsheep,andwolvesareabundant.(这是一个徒步旅行者的野峰地区，在这里很难不遇到野生动物。麋鹿、大角羊和狼数量众多。)”可知，在Banff和Jasper都能发现各种各样的野生动物。故选D项。BWhenIwasalittlegirl,Ilikeddrawing,freelyandjoyouslymakingmarksonthewallsathome.Inprimaryschool,Ilearnedtowriteusingchalks.Writingseemedtobeanotherformofdrawing.Ishapedindividuallettersintorepeatinglines,whichwereabstractforms,delightfulbutmeaninglesspatterns.Insecondaryschoolartwasmyfavouritesubject.SinceIloveditsomuchIthoughtIwasgoodatit.Fortheartstandardized(标准化)examIhadtopresentanoilpainting.Ifounditdifficult,butstillhopedtopass.Ifailed,withalowgrade.I’dbeenover-confident.NowI’dbeendeclaredtalentless.Butotherchannelsofcreativitystayedopen:Iwentonwritingpoemsandstories.Still,Iwenttoexhibitionsoften.Icontinuedmyhabitualdrawing,whichInowcharacterisedaschildishdoodling(乱画).Inmy30s,Imadepainterfriendsandlearnednewwaysoflookingatart.However,Icouldn’tletmyselfhaveagoatactuallydoingit.Thoughthesenewfriendswereabstractpaintersusingoilpaints,orwereprintmakersorsculptors,Itookoilpaintingasthetaboo(禁忌)highformIwasn’tallowedtopractice.Onenight,inmyearly40s,Idreamedthatabigwomaninredapproachedme,handedmeabagofpaints,andtoldmetostartpainting.Thedreamfeltsoconvincingthatitshookme.Itwasaformofenergy,givingmebacksomethingI’dlost.Accordingly,Istartedbyexperimentingwithwatercolours.Finally,Iboughtsomeoilpaints.AlthoughIhaveenjoyedbreakingmydecades-longtabooaboutworkingwithoilpaints,IhavediscoveredInowpreferchalksandink.IletmylinedrawingsturnintocartoonsIsendtofriends.Itallfeelsfreeandeasy.Un-anxious.Thistimearound,Icanacceptmylimitationsbutkeepgoing.Becomingasuccessfulpaintercallsforbeingdetermined.IrealisedIwasalwaysafraidofwantingtoomuch.Thatdreamremindedmethatthosefearsanddesirescouldencouragemetotakerisksandmakeexperiments.4.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofherdrawingbeforethestandardisedexam?A.Discouraging. B.Meaningless. C.Satisfying. D.Empowering.5.Inher30s,theauthor______.A.avoidedoilpaintingpractice B.searchedforapaintingcareerC.tookoilpaintingseriously D.beganwatercoloursasahobby6.Whatattractedtheauthortooilpaintingsatlast?A.Herambition. B.Herdream. C.Hergrade. D.Hertaboo.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Itneverrainsbutitpours.C.Dreamsarethereflectionsofrealities. D.Strongwillcanmovemountains.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小热爱画画，经历挫折后重拾画笔的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Insecondaryschoolartwasmyfavouritesubject.SinceIloveditsomuchIthoughtIwasgoodatit.(上中学时，美术是我最喜欢的科目。因为我太喜欢它了，所以我觉得自己很擅长)”可知，作者认为自己在画画方面很擅长，所以对自己的绘画感到满意。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。由文章第三段中“However,Icouldn’tletmyselfhaveagoatactuallydoingit.Thoughthesenewfriendswereabstractpaintersusingoilpaints,orwereprintmakersorsculptors,Itookoilpaintingasthetaboo(禁忌)highformIwasn’tallowedtopractice.(三十多岁的时候，我交了一些画家朋友，学到了欣赏艺术的新视角。然而，我还是不敢真正尝试画画。虽然这些新朋友有的是使用油画颜料的抽象画家，有的是版画家，还有的是雕塑家，但我把画油画当作一种禁忌，认为自己不被允许去尝试这种高级的艺术形式)”可知，在30多岁时，作者避免练习油画。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。由文章第四段“Onenight,inmyearly40s,Idreamedthatabigwomaninredapproachedme,handedmeabagofpaints,andtoldmetostartpainting.Thedreamfeltsoconvincingthatitshookme.Itwasaformofenergy,givingmebacksomethingI’dlost.Accordingly,Istartedbyexperimentingwithwatercolours.Finally,Iboughtsomeoilpaints.(在我四十出头的一个晚上，我做了个梦，梦里一个穿红衣服的高大女人向我走来，递给我一袋颜料，让我开始画画。这个梦太真实了，让我深受触动。它就像一股能量，让我找回了失去的东西。于是，我开始尝试用水彩作画。最后，我买了一些油画颜料)”可知，是梦让作者开始尝试画油画。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段“Becomingasuccessfulpaintercallsforbeingdetermined.IrealisedIwasalwaysafraidofwantingtoomuch.Thatdreamremindedmethatthosefearsanddesirescouldencouragemetotakerisksandmakeexperiments.(要成为一名成功的画家需要有决心。我意识到自己一直害怕有太多的欲望。那个梦提醒我，那些恐惧和渴望可以激励我去冒险和尝试)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者从儿时热爱画画到后来不敢尝试油画，再到最后勇敢尝试并享受画画的过程，体现了作者坚强的意志，“Strongwillcanmovemountains(坚定的意志可以移山)”符合题意。故选D。CTheUKAntarcticHeritageTrustislookingtohirefivepeople—abaseleader,ashopmanager,andthreegeneralassistants—toworkatthe“PenguinPostOffice”inPortLockroy,Antarctica.Thefive-monthprojectisopentoUKresidentsovertheageof18.ItwillbegininearlyOctober2024andlastuntilMarch2025.Responsibilitieswillincludeorganizingtheover80,000lettersandpostcardssentbythe18,000touristsorso.Employeeswillalsohelpsellpostagestamps,runthesmallgiftshop,andlookaftertheagingbuilding.Buttheirmostimportantdutywillbetokeeptrackofabout1,500penguins.Excitingasitmaysound,theUKAntarcticHeritageTrustwarnsapplicantsthatthejobsarenotfortheweak-hearted.Evenduringsummer,temperaturesontheicycontinentcandropaslowas-5℃.Additionally,thefivepeoplewillliveinasinglebedroomwithatinygas-poweredkitchen.Theywilluseacampingtoilet,whichmustbeemptieddaily.ThereislimitedphoneandInternetaccessandnorunningwater.Visitingshipsofferworkersshowerseveryfewdays.Butinpoorweatherconditions,theymayhavetodowithoutashowerforextendedperiods.Emergencymedicalservicescouldtakeuptoaweek!However,thebiggestchallengewillbethesmellofpenguinwastethatwillsurroundthemforfivemonths!Despitethesedifficulties,thepositions,whichopenupeverysummer,receivethousandsofapplicationseachyear.CamillaNichol,theTrust’sCEO,isnotsurprised.Shebelievesthatfortherightindividuals,thejobsprovideauniqueopportunitytoliveinalandscapethatmakespeoplefeelthebeautyandpowerofnature.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“PenguinPostOffice”?A.It’sopentoallBritish.B.Itwillrunforhalfayear.C.Itsemployeeswillmainlyinteractwithtourists.D.ItspositionsareonlyavailableinthesummerofAntarctic.9.Whatwillchallengeapplicantsmost?A.Thelowtemperature. B.Nowaterforashower.C.Thesmellofpenguinwaste. D.LimitedaccesstotheInternet.10.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheprojectfromthepassage?A.Itiswellreceived. B.Itisopenthroughouttheyear.C.Itneedsfivemoregeneralassistants. D.Itoffersjobsfortheheat-resistant.11.What’smainlytalkedaboutinthepassage?A.DifficultiesoflivingintheAntarctic. B.Individualswantedbypenguins.C.BenefitsofworkinginthePolarArea. D.Challengespenguinsarefacing.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“PenguinPostOffice”招聘助手的情况，并列举了招聘岗位及工作要求。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ItwillbegininearlyOctober2024andlastuntilMarch2025.(它将于2024年10月初开始，持续到2025年3月)”可知，职位只有在南极的夏天才有。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“However,thebiggestchallengewillbethesmellofpenguinwastethatwillsurroundthemforfivemonths!(然而，最大的挑战将是企鹅粪便的气味，这将围绕他们五个月！)”可知，申请者最大的挑战是企鹅粪便的味道。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despitethesedifficulties,thepositions,whichopenupeverysummer,receivethousandsofapplicationseachyear.(尽管存在这些困难，这些每年夏天开放的职位每年都会收到数千份申请)”可知，这个项目很受欢迎。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“TheUKAntarcticHeritageTrustislookingtohirefivepeople—abaseleader,ashopmanager,andthreegeneralassistants—toworkatthe“PenguinPostOffice”inPortLockroy,Antarctica.(英国南极遗产信托基金会正在招聘5人——一名基地负责人、一名商店经理和三名一般助理——在南极洲洛克洛港的“企鹅邮局”工作)”以及文章主要列举了招聘岗位及工作要求等内容可知，这篇文章主要讨论了“PenguinPostOffice”招聘助手的情况，是企鹅所需要的工作人员。故选B。DAresearchteamco-ledbyaphysician-scientistattheUniversityofArizonaCollegeofMedicine—Tucson’sSarverHeartCenterfoundthatagroupofartificialheartpatientscanregenerateheartmuscle,whichmayopenthedoortonewwaystotreatandperhapssomedaycureheartfailure.Accordingtoofficialstatistics,heartfailureaffectsnearly7millionU.S.adultsandisresponsiblefor14%ofdeathsperyear.Theonlytreatmentforadvancedheartfailure,otherthanatransplant,ispumpreplacementthroughanartificialheart,calledaleftventricular(心室的)assistdevice,whichcanhelptheheartpumpblood.Sadekledacollaborationbetweeninternationalexpertstoinvestigatewhetherheartmusclescanregenerate.TheprojectbeganwithtissuefromartificialheartpatientsprovidedbycolleaguesattheUniversityofUtahHealthandSchoolofMedicine.Theinvestigatorsfoundthatpatientswithartificialheartsregeneratedmusclecellsatmorethansixtimestherateofhealthyhearts.“Thisisthestrongestevidencewehave,sofar,thathumanheartmusclecellscanactuallyregenerate,whichreallyisexciting,becauseitstrengthensthethoughtthatthereisanintrinsiccapacityofthehumanhearttoregeneratenaturally,”Sadeksaid.“Italsostronglysupportstheviewthattheinabilityoftheheartmuscleto‘rest’isamajordriveroftheheart’slostabilitytoregenerateshortlyafterbirth.”“It’snotclearwhysomepatientsrespondandsomedon’t,butit’sveryclearthattheoneswhorespondhavetheabilitytoregenerateheartmuscle,”hesaid.“Theexcitingpartnowistodeterminehowwecanmakeeveryonearesponder,becauseifyoucan,youcanessentiallycureheartfailure.Thebeautyofthisisthatamechanicalheartisnotatherapywehopetodelivertoourpatientsinthefuture—thesedevicesaretriedandtrue,andwe’vebeenusingthemforyears.”Next,Sadekwantstofigureoutwhyonlyabout25%ofpatientsare“responders”toartificialhearts,meaningthattheirheartmuscleregenerates.12.Whatisthesignificanceofthenewfindingaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Tohelpdoctorsimplantartificialheartsinoperations.B.Toassistresearcherstodevelopartificialheartmuscle.C.Tohelpfindapproachestotreatingandevencuringheartfailure.D.Toassistscientiststofindnewwaystoregenerateheartmuscle.13.Whatistheonlytreatmentforadvancedheartfailurebesidesatransplant?A.Toimplantanartificialhearttoreplacepump.B.Tohelptheheartpumpbloodthroughthebody.C.Toregeneratetheheartmusclebytakingmedicine.D.Toreplacepatients’heartswithrealhumanhearts.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intrinsic”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Endangered. B.Acquired. C.Inborn. D.Implanted.15.WhatwillSadekstudynext?A.Tofigureoutwhythehumanheartfailstorest.B.Todevelopanewartificialheartfor“responders”.C.Tofindthebestcureforheartfailurefor“responders”.D.Toworkoutwhyheartmuscleregeneratesmerelyinsomepatients.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一个国际研究团队发现了在心脏衰竭后移植了人工心脏的患者身上发现了心脏肌肉可以再生的证据。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Aresearchteamco-ledbyaphysician-scientistattheUniversityofArizonaCollegeofMedicine—Tucson’sSarverHeartCenterfoundthatagroupofartificialheartpatientscanregenerateheartmuscle,whichmayopenthedoortonewwaystotreatandperhapssomedaycureheartfailure.(由亚利桑那大学医学院图森萨维尔心脏中心的一名内科科学家共同领导的一个研究小组发现，一组人造心脏病人可以再生心肌，这可能为治疗心脏衰竭的新方法打开大门，也许有一天可以治愈心脏衰竭。)”可知，新发现可以帮助找到治疗甚至治愈心力衰竭的方法。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theonlytreatmentforadvancedheartfailure,otherthanatransplant,ispumpreplacementthroughanartificialheart,calledaleftventricular(心室的)assistdevice,whichcanhelptheheartpumpblood.(除了移植之外，晚期心力衰竭的唯一治疗方法是通过人工心脏替代泵，称为左心室辅助装置，它可以帮助心脏泵血。)”可知，除了移植之外，晚期心力衰竭的唯一治疗方法是植入人工心脏替代泵。故选A。【14题详析】词义猜测题。根据第四段划线单词前文“Thisisthestrongestevidencewehave,sofar,thathumanheartmusclecellscanactuallyregenerate,whichreallyisexciting(这是迄今为止我们所拥有的最有力的证据，证明人类心肌细胞实际上可以再生，这真的很令人兴奋)”及后文“thehumanhearttoregeneratenaturally(人的心脏自然再生)”可知，人类心脏本身具有再生能力，这是天生自带的能力。因此划线单词的含义是“天生的”。故选C。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Next,Sadekwantstofigureoutwhyonlyabout25%ofpatientsare“responders”toartificialhearts,meaningthattheirheartmuscleregenerates.(接下来，Sadek想弄清楚为什么只有大约25%的病人对人工心脏有“反应”，这意味着他们的心脏肌肉再生了。)”可知，Sadek接下来将研究为什么心肌只在一些病人中再生。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Learningaforeignlanguageiscrucial,yetmanyindividualsconsideritimpossibletomasteranothertongue.Assomeonefluentin10languages,Icanwitnesstheadvantagesofbilingualism.____16____.Initially,it’sessentialtodispel(消除)fourprevalentmisconceptionsaboutacquiringnewlanguages.Learninganewlanguagecanbetough.Thetruthisthatit’sonlyhardifyoudon’treallywanttolearn.Ittakessometime,butit’snotreallycomplicated.Themainthingsyouneedtodoarelistenandread.____17____.I’vedoneitlotsoftimes.Beforeyouknowit,you’llfeelreallyproudofyourselfforunderstandinganotherlanguage.____18____.Nonsense.Asamatteroffact,whoeverwantstolearncanlearn.InSwedenandHollandmostpeoplespeakmorethanonelanguage.Theycan’tjustallbegiftedatlanguages.ForeignathletesinNorthAmericausuallylearntospeakEnglishfasterthanpeopleinmoreformallearningenvironments.Inlanguagelearningitisattitude,notaptitude,thatdeterminessuccess.Youhavetolivewherethelanguageisspoken.SomeimmigrantstoNorthAmericaneverlearntospeakmorethanhalting(结结巴巴的)English.____19____.In1968,IlearnedtospeakMandarinfluentlywhilelivinginHongKong,wherefewpeoplespokeit.WiththeInternet,languagecontentisavailabletoanyonewithacomputer,andyoucandownloadittoyouriPodandlisten.Whereyouliveisnotanobstacle.Onlychildrencanlearntospeakanotherlanguagewell.Recentbrainresearchhasdemonstratedthatourbrainsremainactivewellintooldage.Adultswholosetheireyesighthavetolearnanewlanguage,braille.Theyhavealreadyhadawidevocabularyintheirnativelanguage.____20____.Theonlythingtheyneedisjustthewillingnesstohaveashot.A.Trustme,it’sreallystraightforward.B.However,theyfoundittoughtolearnthenewlanguage.C.Youneedtohaveanaturaltalentforpickinguplanguages.D.Wejustneedtochangeourapproachtolearninglanguages.E.Therefore,theyaremorelikelytobebetteratthelanguagethankids.F.Youmustattendformalclassesforlanguagelearninginstruction.G.Onthecontrary,wemeetpeopleinAsiancountrieswhospeakfluentEnglish.【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.G20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了关于语言学习应该消除的四个常见的误解。【16题详析】根据上文“Assomeonefluentin10languages,Icanwitnesstheadvantagesofbilingualism.(作为一个能流利说10种语言的人，我可以见证双语的优势。)”以及下文“Initially,it’sessentialtodispel(消除)fourprevalentmisconceptionsaboutacquiringnewlanguages.(首先，消除关于学习新语言的四个普遍误解是很重要的。)”可知，上文提到了学习外语的好处，后文提到了语言学习要消除的四个常见误解，推测此处需要一个过渡句，讲述学好语言的方法，D选项“Wejustneedtochangeourapproachtolearninglanguages.(我们只需要改变我们学习语言的方法。)”符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用，故选D项。【17题详析】根据上文“Thetruthisthatit’sonlyhardifyoudon’treallywanttolearn.Ittakessometime,butit’snotreallycomplicated.Themainthingsyouneedtodoarelistenandread.(事实是，只有当你真的不想学习时，学习一门新语言才会很难。这需要一些时间，但并不复杂。你需要做的主要事情就是听和读。)”以及下文“I’vedoneitlotsoftimes.Beforeyouknowit,you’llfeelreallyproudofyourselfforunderstandinganotherlanguage.(我已经做过很多次了。在你意识到之前，你会为自己能理解另一种语言而感到非常自豪。)”可知，此处是在强调学习语言其实很简单。而A选项“Trustme,it’sreallystraightforward.(相信我，这真的很简单。)”符合语境，进一步强调了学习语言的简单性。故选A项。【18题详析】根据下文“Asamatteroffact,whoeverwantstolearncanlearn.InSwedenandHollandmostpeoplespeakmorethanonelanguage.Theycan’tjustallbegiftedatlanguages.ForeignathletesinNorthAmericausuallylearntospeakEnglishfasterthanpeopleinmoreformallearningenvironments.Inlanguagelearningitisattitude,notaptitude,thatdeterminessuccess.(事实上，任何想学习的人都可以学习。在瑞典和荷兰，大多数人会说不止一种语言。他们不可能都有语言天赋。在北美的外国运动员通常比在更正式的学习环境中的人学英语更快。在语言学习中，决定成功的是态度，而不是天赋。)”可知，这一段主要是在反驳“学习语言需要有天赋”这一观点。而C选项“Youneedtohaveanaturaltalentforpickinguplanguages.(你需要有学习语言的天赋。)”符合这一段的主旨，是这一段要反驳的观点，即是要消除的误解之一。故选C项。【19题详析】根据小标题“Youhavetolivewherethelanguageisspoken.(你必须住在说这种语言的地方。)”、上文“SomeimmigrantstoNorthAmericaneverlearntospeakmorethanhalting(结结巴巴的)English.(一些移民到北美的人除了结结巴巴的英语之外，从来没有学会说更多的英语。)”以及下文“In1968,IlearnedtospeakMandarinfluentlywhilelivinginHongKong,wherefewpeoplespokeit.(1968年，我在香港生活时学会了流利地说普通话，而在香港很少有人说普通话。)”可知，此处是在反驳“必须生活在说这种语言的地方才能学好语言”这一观点，需要一个与上文形成对比的句子。而G选项“Onthecontrary,wemeetpeopleinAsiancountrieswhospeakfluentEnglish.(相反，我们遇到一些亚洲国家的人，他们能说流利的英语。)”通过对比说明不一定要生活在说某种语言的地方才能学好该语言，符合语境。故选G项。【20题详析】根据上文“Recentbrainresearchhasdemonstratedthatourbrainsremainactivewellintooldage.Adultswholosetheireyesighthavetolearnanewlanguage,braille.Theyhavealreadyhadawidevocabularyintheirnativelanguage.(最近的大脑研究表明，我们的大脑在年老时仍然保持活跃。失去视力的成年人必须学习一种新语言——盲文。他们在母语中已经有了广泛的词汇量。)”可知，此处是在说明成年人学习语言的优势。而E选项“Therefore,theyaremorelikelytobebetteratthelanguagethankids.(因此，他们比孩子更有可能擅长这门语言。)”与上文构成因果关系，进一步说明了成年人因为有母语词汇量等优势，所以在学习语言上可能比孩子更有优势。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IusedtoavoidtalkingwithstrangerswhenIwasyoung.TheyearIbeganmyjuniorhigh,Ihadtomoveintoanewcitywithmyparents.Beingnewtotheschoolmademeeven____21____,soitwasbeyondmyunderstandingwhenMsBlackaskedmetolistthereasonswhyIrefusedto____22____toanyonearoundme.NowIwaspayingtheprice—towriteafive____23____on“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.Thatwouldtakeallnight!Unwillingtogetdowntomy____24____,IkilledmytimepettingthecatafterIgothome—postponingthepain.WhenIfinallysatdownto____25____,IbeganwiththereasonsMsBlackwouldwanttohear.Talkingkeptmeandmyneighborsfrom____26____.Oneparagraphwasthere.Nowwhat?I____27____onmypencil.Aha!Whatiftalkingwerethefirststeptowardslifeasacriminal?Withoutthe____28____Imissed,I’dturntotheftandgotoprison.WhenIgotout,peoplewouldsay,“Sheusedtotalkinclass.”Thepagesbegan____29____.Butwhenmumgothomefromwork,Iwasstill____30____.“Fivepages!That’simpossible!”“Well,you’dbettergetbacktowork,”shesaid,“andIwanttoreaditwhenyou’re____31____.”Soonafterdinner,Ihandedtheessaytomum.Ihalfexpecteda____32____—atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.____33____,mumlaughedandlaughedassheread.Thenextday,whenMsBlackreadtheessaytotheclass,everyonelaughed.Icould____34____theyweren’tmakingfunofme:theylaughedbecauseIhadthepowertotellafunnystory.My____35____stillneededsomenudging(激发),butIdidlearnIwasn’tshyinprint.21.A.braver B.shyer C.calmer D.happier22.A.nod B.point C.listen D.chat23.A.essay B.letter C.diary D.booklet24.A.promise B.arrangement C.assignment D.priority25.A.view B.listen C.write D.read26.A.learning B.playing C.planning D.laughing27.A.put B.reflected C.drew D.chewed28.A.permission B.education C.intention D.attention29.A.standingout B.flyingby C.breakingup D.checkingin30.A.celebrating B.longing C.complaining D.warning31.A.down B.through C.across D.in32.A.lecture B.reason C.reward D.solution33.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Meanwhile D.Instead34.A.hope B.imagine C.tell D.predict35.A.confidence B.patience C.tolerance D.independence【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.C26.A27.D28.B29.B30.C31.B32.A33.D34.C35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，作者因害羞在新学校很少说话，被老师要求写一篇关于“我为什么不应该在课堂上说话”的文章，作者起初感到很痛苦，但最终通过夸张的写作手法将作文写得幽默风趣，获得了老师和同学们的认可，也让作者意识到自己并不缺乏表达能力，只是需要克服害羞，提升自信。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：刚来这所学校让我更加害羞，所以当Black女士让我列出我拒绝和周围任何人聊天的原因时，我无法理解。A.braver更勇敢的；B.shyer更害羞的；C.calmer更冷静的；D.happier更高兴的。根据上文“IusedtoavoidtalkingwithstrangerswhenIwasyoung.(我小时候常常避免和陌生人说话)”以及“Beingnewtotheschool”可知，作者很害羞，搬到一个新地方让作者更加害羞，故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.nod点头；B.point指向；C.listen听；D.chat聊天。结合上文“avoidtalking”和下文“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”可知，此处和talk同义，作者害羞所以拒绝和周围任何人聊天，故选D。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我正在付出代价——写一篇五页的文章，题目是“为什么我不应该在课堂上说话”。A.essay文章；B.letter信；C.diary日记；D.booklet小册子。根据“five”和下文“Ihandedtheessaytomum”可知，作者要写一篇五页的文章，故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不愿意认真对待我的作业，回家后我就用抚摸猫来打发时间，以推迟痛苦。A.promise承诺；B.arrangement安排；C.assignment作业，任务；D.priority优先事项。根据上文“MsBlackaskedmetolistthereasons”和“writeafive________”可知，老师给作者布置了作业，写一篇五页的文章，故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于坐下来开始写作时，我从Black女士想听的理由开始。A.view观看，视为；B.listen听；C.write写；D.read阅读。根据上文“writeafive________”可知，作者要写一篇文章，此处指开始写，故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：交谈使我和我附近的人无法学习。A.learning学习；B.playing玩；C.planning计划；D.laughing大笑。根据上文“towriteafive________on‘WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass’”可知，作者要写关于“为什么不能在课堂上说话”，推知如果作者在课堂上说话会影响自己和周围同学学习，故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我咬我的铅笔。A.put放置；B.reflected反映；C.drew画；D.chewed咬住，不停地啃。根据上文“Oneparagraphwasthere.Nowwhat?(已经写了一段了。现在写什么？)”和语境可知，作者在绞尽脑汁地在想写什么，推知此处指“咬铅笔”，故选D。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有那些我错过的教育，我就会去偷窃，进监狱。A.permission允许；B.education教育；C.intention意图，计划；D.attention注意力。结合上文提到说话影响学习以及“I’dturntotheftandgotoprison”可知，作者认为如果在课堂上说话就影响学习，错过了受教育就会走向犯罪，故选B。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：书页飞快地飞过去。A.standingout突出；B.flyingby飞过；C.breakingup分手；D.checkingin登记，报到。根据上文“WhenIgotout,peoplewouldsay,“Sheusedtotalkinclass.””可知，作者写在课堂上说话会导致走向犯罪，出狱时人们会说自己以前常常在课堂上说话，推知作者开始文思泉涌，写了一页又一页，flyby在此处表示事情进展得很快，故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当妈妈下班回家时，我还在抱怨。A.celebrating庆祝；B.longing渴望；C.complaining抱怨；D.warning警告。根据“Fivepages!That’simpossible!”可知，作者抱怨不可能完成五页的文章，故选C。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“好吧，你还是回去写吧，”她说，“我想等你看完后再读。”A.down向下；B.through通过，完成，结束；C.across横过；D.in进入。根据“you’dbettergetbacktowork”可知，妈妈让作者继续写，推知是等作者写完了妈妈要读一下，故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还以为会听到一顿说教——至少是一句“我希望你吸取了教训”。A.lecture教训，谴责；B.reason原因；C.reward回报；D.solution解决办法。根据“atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.”可知，作者本以为妈妈会借此教训自己，故选A。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，妈妈一边读一边笑个不停。A.Therefore因此；B.Moreover此外；C.Meanwhile同时；D.Instead相反。下文“mumlaughedandlaughedassheread”妈妈的反应和作者期望的相反，故选D。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看得出他们不是在取笑我：他们笑是因为我有能力讲一个有趣的故事。A.hope希望；B.imagine想象；C.tell看出，确切地判断；D.predict预测。根据“theyweren’tmakingfunofme:theylaughedbecauseIhadthepowertotellafunnystory”可知，作者看得出老师和同学们大笑不是在取笑自己，故选C。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的自信仍然需要一些鼓励，但我确实知道我在文字创造上并不害羞。A.confidence自信；B.patience耐心；C.tolerance容忍；D.independence独立。根据上文提到作者害羞可知，作者在自信心方面仍需某种激发从而使之增强，故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCMinshort)____36____(originate)inancientChina.Itisasciencestudyingthehumanlifeprocessaswellasthefightagainstdiseases.Ithas____37____(it)uniquecharm.ThephilosophyinTCMshowsthesoulofChineseculture.ThroughtheanalysisoftheculturalenvironmentandculturalbackgroundwhichbreedTCM,itiseasy____38____(find)thattheagriculture-orientedcultureinancientChinahasagreatinfluence____39____TCM.Characteristicsincludingpragmatism(务实主义)andnatural____40____(adapt)