广东省广州市番禺区2025-2026学年高一上学期期末教学质量监测模拟英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省广州市番禺区2025-2026学年高一上学期期末教学质量监测英语模拟试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFireSafetyTrainingOnlineThise-learningfiresafetytrainingcourseisaimedatallstaff.Thisfiresafetyawarenessonlinecourseenablesindividualstoimprovetheirknowledgeandunderstandingoffiresafety.Firesafetyisavitalpartofanybusiness.Withthee-learningfiresafetycourseyoucanensureasafeenvironmentforyourstaffandcustomerswithminimumdisruption(混乱)toyourbusiness.Asthiscourseisonline,itbenefitsfromconstantupdatestoensurethecontentremainsaccuratetoanychanginglaw.WHATDOESTHELAWREQUIRE?TheFireSafetyOrderrequiresallemployersto:Carryoutafireriskassessment.Provideappropriatetrainingfortheirstaff—thisshouldberelevanttoaperson’sjob.Everyoneshouldhavebasicfiresafetytrainingsothiscourseisideal.Providetrainingforfirewardens(管理人)—FireRiskAssessmentsLtdprovidesthistrainingonlineduetothisbeinguniquetoyoursiteandfireprocedures.THETRAININGPROGRAMTheaveragetimetocompletethecourseisapproximately30minutes.Aftercompletingeachsection,peopleneedanswerafewmultiplechoicequestionscorrectlybeforeprogresstothenextsectionispossible.COURSECONTENTMaingoalsincludingpreservation,prevention,protectionandproceduresCharacteristicsoffireLegalrequirementsFireevacuation(疏散)MeansofputtingoutfireInteractivequizShouldyouwishtobookorfindoutmoreabouttheabovecourse,pleasecallFireRiskAssessmentsLtdon02087635610tospeaktooneoftheirtrainingadvisors.Alternativelyyoucanemailthematenquiries@firera.co.ukorvisittheirwebsiteatwww.firera.co.uk.1.Whoisthisadvertisementmostprobablyintendedfor?A.Employers. B.Lawmakers.C.Firefighters. D.Governmentofficials.2.Whichofthefollowingisoneadvantageoftheonlinecourse?A.Itappliestousersworldwide.B.Itagreeswiththelatestlegalrequirements.C.Itisfreeofcharge.D.Itcanbelearnedanytimelearnerswant.3.Whatdopeopleneedtodoafterfinishingeachsection?A.Putoutafirein30minutes. B.Conductafireriskassessment.C.Learnrelatedlegalrequirements. D.Answersomequestionscorrectly.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。是一门针对雇主的网上消防安全训练课程，介绍了课程的时间、内容和火灾的特点等信息。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段第三、四句“Firesafetyisavitalpartofanybusiness.Withthee-learningfiresafetycourseyoucanensureasafeenvironmentforyourstaffandcustomerswithminimumdisruption(混乱)toyourbusiness.（消防安全是任何行业的重要组成部分。通过防火安全电子学习课程，您可以为您的员工和客户确保一个安全的环境，并将对您的业务造成的影响降到最低。）”可推知，这个广告很可能是为雇主准备的。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Asthiscourseisonline,itbenefitsfromconstantupdatestoensurethecontentremainsaccuratetoanychanginglaw.（由于这门课程是在线的，它受益于不断更新，以确保内容对任何变化的法律保持准确。）”可知网课符合最新的法律要求。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据THETRAININGPROGRAM部分中的最后一句“Aftercompletingeachsection,peopleneedanswerafewmultiplechoicequestionscorrectlybeforeprogresstothenextsectionispossible.（在完成每个部分之后，人们需要正确地回答几个多项选择题，然后才能进入下一个部分。）”可知，人们完成每个部分后需要正确回答几个问题。故选D项。BBergldoesn’tconsiderhimselfthenextThomasEdison,He’sjustamanlovinganimals,Africaandadventure,Yet,Berglmighthaveinventedatoolasgreatasthelightbulb(灯泡)―atoolthatusesmodern-daytechnologytosolveanalmostprehistoric(史前)problem.ThetooliscalledtheSMART.Itisdesignedtobewaterproof(防水的),shockproofandpoacher(偷猎者)proof.Berglworkedwithworldwidewildlifegroupstodevelopitin2011.Sincethenithasbeenseeninmorethan55countrieswherepoachershaveforcedthebest-knownbutmostendangeredanimalstonearlydieout.SMARTworksasaverysimplesmartphone―itletstheuserrecordwhattheysee,likeanimalsightings.changesinanimalsandillegalactivitiesIfaparkranger(管理员)seessomethingthatisveryimportant,thatinformationcanbesenttothecloud(云)andsentouttothebasecampsotheycantakeactionandstopthekillingBerglandhisworkmatestraveltoAfricanwildlifereservesnowandthenTheyteachparkrangersinsomeofthemostremotecountrieshowtouseSMART.“SMARTmakescollectionofinformationeasierItallowsustopayattentiontothethingsthatreallyimportant.accordingtowhattheinformationistellingan,”AidSkimYoung,manageroftheEtoshaNationalparkinNamibia,“thankstoSMART,mostofAfrica’sendangeredanimalsseemtobecomingback.”Berglneverplanstomakemoneyfromhissmallbutgreatinvention.SMARTisfreeanddoesn’tevenhaveapatents(专利).4.WhatcanwelearnaboutSMART?A.Itlookslikealightbulb. B.ItwasinventedbyBerglalone.C.Itisusedtopreventpouching. D.Itcanhelpdealwithwaterproblems.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.HowSMARTwascreated B.WhatSMARTislike.C.WhySMARTgotpopular. D.HowSMARTworks.6.WhatdoesAidYoungthinkofSMART?A.Itisveryhelpful. B.ItiseasytoholdC.Itdoesn’tcostmuch. D.Iwillbeusedwidely.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBergl?A.Hedislikestakingrisksinlife. B.He’sdeterminedtosucceedinlife.C.He’sacreativeandgivingperson D.Heneverwantstodependonothers.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。贝格尔发明了一款名为SMART的智能设备，它可以有效防止非法偷猎。【4题详析】细节理解题根据。第二段中的“ThetooliscalledtheSMART.Itisdesignedtobewaterproof(防水的),shockproofandpoacher(偷猎者)proof.(该工具称为SMART。它的设计是防水的、防震和防偷猎者的)”及“Sincethenithasbeenseeninmorethan55countrieswherepoachershaveforcedthebest-knownbutmostendangeredanimalstonearlydieout(自那以后，它就应用在55多个国家，在这些国家，偷猎者曾迫使最著名但最濒危的动物几乎灭绝)”可知SMART主要被用来防止非法偷猎。我们了解到SMART是C项“Itisusedtopreventpouching.(它是用来防止非法偷猎)”符合题意，故选C项。【5题详析】主旨大意题。通读第三段“SMARTworksasaverysimplesmartphone―itletstheuserrecordwhattheysee,likeanimalsightings，changesinanimalsandillegalactivities.Ifaparkranger(管理员)seessomethingthatisveryimportant,thatinformationcanbesenttothecloud(云)andsentouttothebasecampsotheycantakeactionandstopthekilling.(SMART是一款非常简单的智能手机，它可以让用户记录他们看到的东西，比如动物的出现、动物的变化和非法活动。如果是公园管理员看到一些非常重要的信息，这些信息可以发送到云并被发往大本营，以便他们采取行动阻止杀戮)”可知，该段主要介绍SMART是如何帮助公园管理员防止非法偷猎的，阐述SMART的工作原理。因此，第三段主要是关于D项“HowSMARTworks.(SMART的工作原理)”符合题意，故选D项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的““SMARTmakescollectionofinformationeasierItallowsustopayattentiontothethingsthatreallyimportant.accordingtowhattheinformationistellingan,”AidSkimYoung,manageroftheEtoshaNationalparkinNamibia,“thankstoSMART,mostofAfrica’sendangeredanimalsseemtobecomingback.”(“SMART使信息收集变得更容易，它让我们能够关注真正重要的事情。根据信息所传达的信息”，纳米比亚埃托沙国家公园经理艾德·斯克里姆·扬说，“由于SMART，大多数非洲濒危动物似乎都回来了”)”可知，艾德·斯克里姆·扬认为，在SMAR的辅助下，使信息收集变得更容易，非洲的许多濒危动物的数量在回升。因此，艾德·斯克里姆·扬认为SMART的是A项“Itisveryhelpful.(这很有帮助)”符合题意，故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“Berglneverplanstomakemoneyfromhissmallbutgreatinvention.SMARTisfreeanddoesn’tevenhaveapatents(专利).(贝格尔从来没有打算从他小小但伟大的发明中赚钱。SMART是免费的，甚至没有专利)”可知，本文讲述了贝格尔发明的智能设备SMART可以有效防止非法偷猎，但是他并没有从这个发明中赚钱，可见他是一个富有创造力和大公无私的人。因此，以下最能描述Bergl的一项是C项“He’sacreativeandgivingperson(他是一个富有创造力和大公无私的人)”符合题意，故选C项。CThere’snodenyingthatlearningaforeignlanguageisdifficult,andwhenitcomestospeakingthelanguage,itcanbeextremelytough.Irememberwalkingintomyfirst-everSpanishclassatuniversityonlytodiscoverthathalfofmyclassmateswerealreadyfluentinmanylanguages.It’ssafetosayIfeltoutofmydepth!AtfirstthethoughtofspeakingSpanishterrifiedme;notonlyweremyvocabularyandgrammarverylimited,butIhadneverspokenanotherlanguagebefore.However,Iwasdeterminedtoovercomemyfear,andbyadoptingafewsimplemethodThavebtobuildmyconfidenceandmakeprogress.Infact,itwasnotasterribleasIthought.Here,IthinkIwillshareafewtipswithyou.Firstly,itisOKtomakemistakesforlanguagelearnersandthatyoushouldacceptthem.Thissoundsobvious,butwhenitcomestolanguagelearningweoftenaimforperfectiondfeelasthoughwearenotreadytospeakuntilwehave“enough”wordsorgrammaticalknowledge.Thetruthisthatyouwillneverfeelready,andinsteaditisimportanttousetheknowledgetocommunicatewhatyoucan.Thisleadsontomynexttip:don’tcompareyourselftoothers.Thiscanbeahardone,especiallyifyouareinalargelanguageclass.Itisimportanttorememberthatwealllearnatdifferentspeedsandthroughdifferentstylesoflearning.Somethingthatreallyhelpedmeprogress/wasfindingapatientlanguageexchangepartner.FindingsomeonewhoselevelofEnglishwassimilartomylevelofSpanishtopracticewithmademefeelmuchmoreconfidentLastly,celebratethesmallsuccessandrememberhowfaryouhavecome!Insteadoffocusingonhowfaryouhavetogo,focusontheprogressyouhavealreadymadeandbeproudofyourachievements!8.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartsuggestinthepassage?A.Theauthortookgreatprideinhisclassmates.B.Theauthorwasunabletospeakmanylanguages.C.Theauthorwantedtoleaveuniversityimmediately.D.Theauthorfailedtojoininhisclassmates’conversation.9.Whatisthecommonbarrierforlanguagelearners?A.Theycan’tusethelanguageinrightsituations.B.Theyfailtohaveagoodcommandofgrammar.C.Theycan’thelpcomparingthemselvestoothers.D.Theyhavealackofcouragetospeakthelanguage.10.What’sthebestwaytolearnSpanishintheauthor’sopinion?A.FindapartnerwhoseSpanishisexcellent.B.Setlong-termgoalstoimproveinterest.C.Learnfromanexampleandpickoutweakpoints.D.Choosealanguageexchangepartneratthesamelevel.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellinthepassage?A.Learningnewlanguagesisnotsohard.B.MasteringSpanishisachanceinamillion.C.Confidenceisthekeytospeakingalanguage.D.Don’tignorewhatyouhaveachievedinlearning.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文对如何说好一种语言提出了一些建议。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Irememberwalkingintomyfirst-everSpanishclassatuniversityonlytodiscoverthathalfofmyclassmateswerealreadyfluentinmanylanguages.(我记得在大学里第一次走进西班牙语课堂时，我发现有一半的同学已经能流利地讲多种语言了。)”和第二段“AtfirstthethoughtofspeakingSpanishterrifiedme;notonlyweremyvocabularyandgrammarverylimited,butIhadneverspokenanotherlanguagebefore.(起初，一想到要说西班牙语，我就害怕；我不仅词汇量和语法非常有限，而且以前从未说过其他语言。)”可知，作者不会说多种语言。故选B。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Firstly,itisOKtomakemistakesforlanguagelearnersandthatyoushouldacceptthem.(首先，对于语言学习者来说犯错是可以的，你应该接受错误。)”和第四段“don’tcompareyourselftoothers.(不要拿自己和别人比较。)”可知，人们害怕犯错误，总是拿自己和别人比较，从而导致缺乏说这种语言的勇气。所以，语言学习者的共同障碍是他们缺乏说这种语言的勇气。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Somethingthatreallyhelpedmeprogresswasfindingapatientlanguageexchangepartner.FindingsomeonewhoselevelofEnglishwassimilartomylevelofSpanishtopracticewithmademefeelmuchmoreconfident.(真正帮助我进步的是找到一个耐心的语言交换伙伴。找一个英语水平和我西班牙语水平差不多的人一起练习，让我感觉更加自信。)”可知，在作者看来，学习西班牙语最好的方法是选择一个水平相同的语言交换伙伴。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“However,Iwasdeterminedtoovercomemyfear,andbyadoptingafewsimplemethodsIhavebeenabletobuildmyconfidenceandmakeprogress.Infact,itwasnotasterribleasIthought.(然而，我决心克服我的恐惧，通过采取一些简单的方法，我已经能够建立我的信心，取得进步。事实上，它没有我想的那么可怕)”可知，作者想在这篇文章中告诉我们学习一门新的语言并没有那么难。故选A。DTheBritishareknownfortheirsenseofhumour.However,itisoftendifficultforforeignerstounderstandtheirjokes.ThemainpointtorememberisthattheBritishoftenuseunderstatement(轻描淡写).Understatementmeanssayinglessthanyouthinkorfeel.Forexample,ifsomeonegetsverywetinashowerofrain,hemightsay,“It’salittledampoutside.”Or,ifsomeoneisveryimpoliteandshoutsatanotherperson,someoneelsemightsay,“Sheisn’texactlyfriendly.”Understatementisoftenusedinanunpleasantsituationortomakeanotherpersonlooksilly.UnderstatementplaysanimportantpartinBritishhumour.AnotherkeytounderstandingBritishhumouristhattheBritishliketomakefunofthemselvesaswellasothers.Theyoftenlaughaboutthesillyandunpleasantthingsthathappentooureverydaylifewhensomeoneaccidentallyfallsoverinthestreet.Theyalsoliketomakejokesaboutpeoplefromdifferentclassesofsociety.Theyliketomakejokesabouttheiraccents(口音),thewaytheydressandthewaytheybehave.What’smore,theBritishlovetowatchcomediesaboutpeoplewhodonotknowhowtobehaveinsociety.ThecomedyseriesMr.Beanisagoodexampleofthiskindofhumour.Mr.BeanisthecharactercreatedbyBritishactorRowanAtkinsonin1990.Mr.Beandoesn’ttalkoften,andinsteadheuseshisbodymovementsandfacialexpressionstomakepeoplelaugh.PerhapswhatmakesMr.Beansofunnyisthathedoesthingsthatadultsintherealworldcannotdo.Mr.BeanispopularinmanycountriesaroundtheworldbecauseyoudonothavetospeakEnglishtounderstandthehumour.Becauseofthis,manypeoplehavebecomefamiliarwiththeBritishsenseofhumour.12.WhyisitdifficultforforeignerstounderstandBritishjokes?A.TheBritishoftensticktothefacts.B.Britishjokesareinvolvedwithmanydifferentcultures.C.Britishjokesarenotasfunnyasjokesinothercountries.D.TheBritishtrytomakeoutthatsomethingislessimportantthanitis.13.Theauthorexplainsunderstatementby________.A.describingaprocessB.makingcomparisonsC.followingtimeorderD.usingexamples14.Mr.Beanmakespeoplelaughby________.A.usinghisbodymovementsandfacialexpressionsB.makingjokesaboutothers’accentsC.copyingothers’behaviourD.tellingfunnystories15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BritishHumourinComedyB.HumourinDifferentCulturesC.UnderstandingBritishHumourD.DevelopingYourSenseofHumour【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国人幽默的关键点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,itisoftendifficultforforeignerstounderstandtheirjokes.ThemainpointtorememberisthattheBritishoftenuseunderstatement(轻描淡写).(然而，外国人往往很难理解他们的笑话。要记住的主要一点是，英国人经常使用轻描淡写)”和第二段中“Understatementmeanssayinglessthanyouthinkorfeel.(轻描淡写意味着说的比你想象或感觉的少)”可知，外国人难懂英式笑话的主要原因是英国人常使用轻描淡写，即故意将事情说得比实际更轻微。故选D项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Forexample,ifsomeonegetsverywetinashowerofrain,hemightsay,“It’salittledampoutside.”Or,ifsomeoneisveryimpoliteandshoutsatanotherperson,someoneelsemightsay,“Sheisn’texactlyfriendly.”Understatementisoftenusedinanunpleasantsituationortomakeanotherpersonlooksilly.(例如，如果有人在阵雨中淋湿了，他可能会说：“外面有点湿。”或者，如果有个人非常不礼貌，对另一个人大喊大叫，另一个人可能会说，“她不太友好。”在不愉快的情况下，或者为了让另一个人看起来很傻，通常会使用轻描淡写)”可知，在第二段中作者通过两个具体例子（如下雨淋湿时说“有点潮湿”、别人不礼貌时说“不太友善”）让读者明白什么是轻描淡写的幽默，因此作者是通过举例来说明“轻描淡写”这一概念的。故选D项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Mr.Beandoesn’ttalkoften,andinsteadheuseshisbodymovementsandfacialexpressionstomakepeoplelaugh.(憨豆先生不常说话，而是用他的肢体活动和面部表情让人发笑)”可知，憨豆先生通过自己的肢体活动和面部表情逗人们笑。故选A项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。本文通篇围绕“理解英式幽默”展开：首段解释外国人为何难懂英式幽默（因为不懂轻描淡写），次段举例说明什么是轻描淡写，第三段分析其他特点（如自嘲），末段以憨豆先生为例说明其全球接受度，总之本文主要介绍了英国人幽默的关键点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑，因此C项“UnderstandingBritishHumour(理解英式幽默)”为最佳标题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Bees(蜜蜂)touchourlivesinwayswemaynotrealize.Theyareresponsibleforasmuchasonethirdofthefoodthatweeat,andevenplayaroleingrowingthecotton(棉花)usedinmuchofourclothing.____16____Here’showyoucanhelp:1.PlantmoreflowersBeesdependongardenflowerstoensuretheyhavedifferentkindsofdiet.Byplantingflowersinyourgardenyoucancreateapleasantplaceforbees.____17____Anotherideaistoaddhangingbasketsofflowersnexttoyourfrontdoor.2.Findaspaceforabeehive(蜂窝)inyourgardenManywould-bebeekeepersfinditdifficulttofindasafespacefortheirbees.Ifyouhavesomespace,contactyourlocalbeekeepingorganization.____18____Youwillbesurprisedwhatadifferenceabeehivewillmaketoyourgarden.3.Givebeeswater____19____Theyusewatertoproducefoodfortheirbeefamiliesandcontrolthetemperatureintheirhives.Beeslookforacleansourceofwater.Leaveoutcontainersfilledwithcleanwaterinyouroutdoorspacesandrefreshthemoften.4.BebeefriendlyBeesaregoodneighbors,andonlysting(蜇)whentheyfeelthreatened.Beekeeperswearprotectiveclothingwhentheyaredealingwithbees.Ifabeefliesinfrontofyouwhenunprotected,donotflap(拍打)yourhands.____20____Thebeewillsoonloseinterest.A.Staycalmandmoveslowlyaway.B.Fightthediseasesthataffectbees.C.Theycouldfindabeekeeperinneedofasite.D.Onewaytohelpbeesistobuylocalproduce.E.Likeeverylivingcreature,beesneedwatertosurvive.F.Butmorethanonequarterofthespeciesisfacingextinction.G.Youdon’tevenneedagardenspacetoattractbees;yourwindowboxwilldo.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.E20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。蜜蜂以我们可能没有意识到的方式为我们提供食物等。文章介绍了我们如何帮助蜜蜂存活的方式。【16题详析】前文“Bees(蜜蜂)touchourlivesinwayswemaynotrealize.Theyareresponsibleforasmuchasonethirdofthefoodthatweeat,andevenplayaroleingrowingthecotton(棉花)usedinmuchofourclothing.(蜜蜂以我们可能没有意识到的方式接触我们的生活。它们负责我们吃的食物的三分之一，甚至在种植我们衣服上使用的棉花中发挥了作用。)”说明蜜蜂影响着我们的生活，比如对我们所吃的食物和所用的棉花都有帮助，下文“Here’showyoucanhelp(以下是你如何提供帮助)”以及黑体小标题说我们可以帮助蜜蜂，所以根据前后句意可以得出，划线处会出现转折，F项中的But表明与上文是转折关系，“facingextinction”说明蜜蜂处于灭绝的危险中，引出下文我们帮助蜜蜂，因此推断F项“Butmorethanonequarterofthespeciesisfacingextinction.(但超过四分之一的这些物种正面临灭绝。)”符合语境。故选F。【17题详析】根据文章第二段前的小标题“Plantmoreflowers(多种花)”和“Beesdependongardenflowerstoensuretheyhavedifferentkindsofdiet.Byplantingflowersinyourgardenyoucancreateapleasantplaceforbees.(蜜蜂依靠花园的花朵来确保它们有不同种类的食物。通过在花园里种花，你可以为蜜蜂创造一个舒适的环境。)”可知蜜蜂需要鲜花采蜜当食物，人们可以用鲜花为它们提供一个愉快的地方。下文“Anotherideaistoaddhangingbasketsofflowersnexttoyourfrontdoor.(另一个主意是在你的前门旁边挂一篮子的鲜花。)”说明了另一种吸引蜜蜂的方式，因此推断空格处是一个用鲜花吸引蜜蜂的主意，G项“Youdon’tevenneedagardenspacetoattractbees;yourwindowboxwilldo.(你甚至不需要一个花园来吸引蜜蜂，你窗前的花篮就可以。)”是一个吸引蜜蜂的主意。承上启下。即使没有花园，也可以用窗台和门口花篮来吸引蜜蜂。故选G。【18题详析】上文“Manywould-bebeekeepersfinditdifficulttofindasafespacefortheirbees.Ifyouhavesomespace,contactyourlocalbeekeepingorganization.(许多准养蜂人很难为他们的蜜蜂找到安全空间。如果你有合适的空间，请与当地的养蜂组织联系。)”可知，此处讲述养蜂空间的问题，C项中的“asite”符合，因此C项“Theycouldfindabeekeeperinneedofasite.(他们可以找到一个需要场地的养蜂人。)”符合语境。They指代上文提到的“localbeekeepingorganization”。故选C。【19题详析】根据第四段前的小标题“Givebeewater(给蜜蜂水)”可知，蜜蜂需要水，下文“Theyusewatertoproducefoodfortheirbeefamiliesandcontrolthetemperatureintheirhives.(它们需要用水为蜜蜂一家生产食物和控制蜂箱的温度。)”详细解释蜜蜂需要水的原因，E项中的“beesneedwatertosurvive”是蜜蜂需要水的一个原因，因此E项“Likeeverylivingcreature,beesneedwatertosurvive.(就像每一种活着的动物一样，蜜蜂也需要水来生存。)”符合语境，故选E。【20题详析】根据第五段前的小标题“Bebeefriendly(对蜜蜂友好)”可知，本段讲述对蜜蜂要友好。空格上文“Ifabeefliesinfrontofyouwhenunprotected,donotflap(拍打)yourhands.(如果在没有保护的情况下蜜蜂飞到你面前，不要拍手。)”讲述看到蜜蜂飞到你面前，不要拍手让它离开，A项“Staycalmandmoveslowlyaway.(保持冷静慢慢走开。)”符合语境，与上文是顺承关系，阐述应该如何处理蜜蜂飞到你面前的情况，故选A。第二部分语言运用（共三节,满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Weliveinaworldincreasinglycontrolledbyscience.Sinceelementaryschool,Ihavealways____21____subjectslikescienceandmath.Tome,thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesand____22____,seemtoplaymoreimportantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities(人文学科).AndIalways____23____thoughtofthesesubjectsasmorereliableandseriousthanclasseslikeEnglish.Iftherewasnoright____24____,Ithought,whybother?ButrecentlyIhadan____25____thattaughtmemyinterestsinlearningaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophy(哲学)class.BeforeIenteredtheclassroom,Iwas____26____.Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.I____27____gettingintoprettylongandboringconversationsintendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.ButwhatIgotwassomethingquite____28____.Ayoungmaninjeans,Mr.Jones—“butyoucancallmeRob”—wasfarfromthewhite-­haired,buttoned-­upoldmanIhad____29____.Ratherthanpullingusintoboringargumentsaboutdifficult­to­understandphilosophicalpoints,Rob____30____usonourlevel.Totalkfreewill,welookedatourownchallenges.Totalkmorals(道德),wereviewedthe____31____wehadmade.Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost____32____ones.It____33____methatifIletgoofmyprejudice(偏见),IcanactuallygetalotoutofthesubjectsIonce____34____.Theclasstaughtme—inmorewaysthanone—tolookatthingswitha(n)____35____mind.21.A.chosen B.evaluated C.avoided D.preferred22.A.numbers B.advances C.challenges D.puzzles23.A.accurately B.hardly C.naturally D.impatiently24.A.reason B.answer C.method D.direction25.A.experience B.idea C.incident D.accident26.A.hopeful B.confident C.nervous D.doubtful27.A.imagined B.remembered C.enjoyed D.tried28.A.common B.boring C.different D.strange29.A.mentioned B.met C.expected D.missed30.A.dependedon B.agreedwith C.checkedin D.communicatedwith31.A.suggestions B.choices C.arrangements D.promises32.A.attractive B.effective C.discouraging D.difficult33.A.confused B.worried C.warned D.hit34.A.didwellin B.lookedforwardto C.thoughtlittleof D.spokehighlyof35.A.open B.strong C.sharp D.ready【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.B25.A26.D27.A28.C29.C30.D31.B32.A33.D34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者偏爱理工科，选修哲学课后改观，领悟要以开放心态看待不同学科的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小学开始，我就一直偏爱科学和数学这类学科。A.chosen选择；B.evaluated评估；C.avoided避免；D.preferred偏爱。根据后文“thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesandadvances,seemtoplaymoreimportantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities”可知，作者认为理工科比人文学科更重要，因此是“偏爱”这类学科。故选D项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这些充满发现与进步的学科，似乎比人文学科对人类进步发挥着更重要的作用。A.numbers数字；B.advances进步；C.challenges挑战；D.puzzles谜题。根据前文“fullofdiscoveries”可知，此处指学科包含的积极内容，“进步”与“发现”对应，符合语境。故选B项。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且我很自然地认为，这些学科比英语之类的课程更可靠、更严谨。A.accurately准确地；B.hardly几乎不；C.naturally自然地；D.impatiently不耐烦地。根据前文“thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesandadvances,seemtoplaymoreimportantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities”可知，作者因偏爱理工科、认为其更重要，所以会“自然地”觉得理工科比人文学科更有优势。故选C项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我当时想，如果没有正确答案，那又何必费力去学呢？A.reason理由；B.answer答案；C.method方法；D.direction方向。根据后文“Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost________ones.”可知，作者此前认为没有“正确答案”的学科没必要学。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最近的一次经历让我明白，我在学习上的兴趣比自己想象的更灵活：我选修了人生中的第一堂哲学课。A.experience经历；B.idea想法；C.incident事件；D.accident意外。根据后文“BeforeIenteredtheclassroom,Iwas________.”以及“Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost________ones.”可知，这次选课的过程是让他改变想法的“经历”。故选A项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在走进教室之前，我心里满是怀疑。A.hopeful充满希望的；B.confident自信的；C.nervous紧张的；D.doubtful怀疑的。根据后文“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve”可知，作者因不确定哲学课的内容，所以心里满是“怀疑”。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我原以为这门课会充斥着冗长又无聊的对话，探讨人生的意义。A.imagined想象；B.remembered记得；C.enjoyed享受；D.tried尝试。根据后文“ButwhatIgotwassomethingquite________.”可知，此处是作者上课前的“想象”，实际课堂和想象并不一样。故选A项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我所体验到的，却和想象的截然不同。A.common普通的；B.boring无聊的；C.different不同的；D.strange奇怪的。根据前文“I________gettingintoprettylongandboringconversationsintendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.”以及后文课堂的有趣内容可知，实际体验和想象“截然不同”。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，琼斯先生——“你们可以叫我罗布”——和我预想中那种头发花白、一丝不苟的老先生形象完全不一样。A.mentioned提及；B.met遇见；C.expected预想；D.missed错过。根据前文“wasfarfromthewhite-­haired,buttoned­-upoldman”可知，罗布和他“预想”的形象完全不同。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：罗布没有把我们带入那些围绕难懂哲学观点展开的无聊争论，而是以我们能接受的方式和我们交流。A.dependedon依靠；B.agreedwith同意；C.checkedin登记；D.communicatedwith交流。根据后文“Totalkfreewill,welookedatourownchallenges.Totalkmorals(道德),wereviewedthe________wehadmade.”可知，老师是在和学生“交流”哲学话题。故选D项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：聊到道德时，我们回顾了自己做出的选择。A.suggestions建议；B.choices选择；C.arrangements安排；D.promises承诺。根据前文“Totalkmorals”可知，探讨道德需要结合自身的“选择”，符合语境。故选B项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：课程结束时，我发现那些没有标准答案的问题，反而可能是最吸引人的。A.attractive吸引人的；B.effective有效的；C.discouraging令人泄气的；D.difficult困难的。根据前文“Ithought,whybother”以及上完哲学课的改观可知，作者发现这类没有标准答案的问题是“吸引人的”。故选A项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，如果放下偏见，我其实能从那些曾经不屑一顾的学科中收获很多。A.confused使困惑；B.worried使担忧；C.warned警告；D.hit使突然意识到。根据前文“Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost________ones.”以及后文领悟到的跨学科学习道理可知，此处是作者上完哲学课后“突然意识到”的内容。故选D项。【34题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我突然意识到，如果放下偏见，我其实能从那些曾经不屑一顾的学科中收获很多。A.didwellin擅长；B.lookedforwardto期待；C.thoughtlittleof不屑一顾；D.spokehighlyof高度赞扬。根据前文“AndIalways________thoughtofthesesubjectsasmorereliableandseriousthanclasseslikeEnglish.”可知，作者曾经对哲学这类人文学科“不屑一顾”。故选C项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这门课从多个方面教会我，要以开放的心态看待事物。A.open开放的；B.strong坚强的；C.sharp敏锐的；D.ready准备好的。根据前文作者放下对人文学科的偏见、从哲学课中收获新知，以及“It________methatifIletgoofmyprejudice(偏见),IcanactuallygetalotoutofthesubjectsIonce________.”可知，这门课教会他用“开放的”心态看问题。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Therespectforlifeisakindapproach,saysaman____36____hastakenuptheprotectionofMotherNatureashislifetimework.XuLiqiang,thefounderofagrassrootswildlifeprotectiongroupinQingdao,Shandongprovince,hasdevotedmorethan20years____37____savingwildanimalsandplants,aswellasraisingsocialawarenessaboutconservingbiodiversity.____38____(raise)inavillageinthewesternfoothillsofthemountain,Xuhadstartedtothinkaboutwildlifeprotectionfrom____39____earlyage.Afterhegrewup,asavolunteer,he____40____(active)joinedtheeffortsofthewildlifeprotectionsocietyinQingdaocitywhenincollege.Aftergraduation,Xuworkedforyearsinalocalforeigntradecompany.Buthe____41____(leave)hisjobin2017anddecidedtofollowhispassionforwildlifeprotectionfulltime.Hiseffortshavemadea____42____(different):Since2009,morethan1,700wildanimals____43____(save)orsheltered,includingrarebirdspeciesunderstate-levelpriorityconservationinChina.Hesoldhisapartmentandusedthemoney____44____(build)animalandplantshelters,nurseriesandrescuestationsthathenowusesforawarenesscampaigns.“Treatwildlifeasyourownlife,____45____theharmonybetweenhumansandnaturewillbeachieved.”Xusays.【答案】36.who/that37.to38.Raised39.an40.actively41.left42.difference43.havebeensaved44.tobuild45.and【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了徐立强是山东省青岛市一个基层野生动物保护组织的创始人