江苏省连云港市2025-2026学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省连云港市2025-2026学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVitaminCwearsmanyhatsinthehumanbody,anditsbenefitsgofarbeyondjusthelpingyoufightoffacold.·VitaminChelpsproducewhitebloodcells,yourbody’sfirstlineofdefenseagainstinfection.Italsostrengthenstheskin’snaturalbarrier,makingitharderforharmfulmicrobes(微生物)togetin.·VitaminCisapowerfulantioxidant.Ithelpsfightharmfulfreeradicals(自由基)thatcandamagecellsandcontributetoaginganddiseaseslikecancerandheartdisease.·VitaminCiscriticalformakingcollagen(胶原蛋白),theproteinthatkeepsyourskinfirm,yourjointsflexible,andyourconnectivetissuesstrong.Italsosupportsskinhealth,woundhealing,andevenmaintainshealthygums.·VitaminChelpsyourbodyabsorbnon-hemeironfoundinplant-basedfoodslikespinachandbeans.Thisisespeciallyimportantforvegetarians,pregnantwomen,oranyoneatriskofironshortage.TheamountofVitaminCneededeachdayvariesamongpeople:·Children:40-75mg/day;·Teenagers:90mg/day·Adults:100mg/dayVitaminCisfoundinvariousfruitsandvegetables,especiallyfresh,rawproduce.IncludingamixofthesefoodsinyourdietisasmartwaytomeetyourdailyVitaminCneeds.FruitsApproximateVitaminC(per100g)Kiwi92mgPapaya60mgStrawberries59mgOranges53mgPineapple48mgMango36mgVegetablesApproximateVitaminC(per100g)Redbellpeppers190mgKale120mgBroccoli89mgCauliflower48mgSpinach(raw)28mgTomatoes14mg1.WhichisabenefitofVitaminC?A.Itkillsharmfulmicrobes. B.Itdamageswhitebloodcells.C.Itresistsharmfulfreeradicals. D.Ithelpsproducenon-hemeiron.2.WhichcombinationcanmeetthedailyneedofVitaminCforateenager?A.50gspinachand100gpapaya. B.50gtomatoesand100gmango.C.50gbroccoliand100gpineapple. D.50gcauliflowerand100goranges.3.Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthistext?A.Health. B.News. C.Business. D.Travel.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了维生素C的益处、不同人群每日所需量及富含维C的果蔬。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“VitaminCisapowerfulantioxidant.Ithelpsfightharmfulfreeradicals(自由基)thatcandamagecellsandcontributetoaginganddiseaseslikecancerandheartdisease.(维生素C是一种强大的抗氧化剂。它有助于对抗有害的自由基，自由基会损害细胞，导致衰老以及癌症和心脏病等疾病。)”可知，维生素C能抵抗有害的自由基。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据TheamountofVitaminCneededeachdayvariesamongpeople:部分中“Teenagers:90mg/day(青少年：每天90毫克)”以及表格数据可知，C选项“50gbroccoliand100gpineapple(50克西兰花和100克菠萝)”的维生素C含量为：89×0.5+48=44.5+48=92.5毫克，超过青少年每日所需的90毫克。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“VitaminCwearsmanyhatsinthehumanbody,anditsbenefitsgofarbeyondjusthelpingyoufightoffacold.(维生素C在人体内身兼数职，其功效远不止帮你抵御感冒这么简单。)”可知，文章主要介绍了维生素C在人体中的多种益处、不同人群每日所需量以及富含维生素C的食物，这些内容都与健康相关。所以在杂志的健康专栏可能会读到这篇文章。故选A。BNow56,theadventurerBouchraBaibanouonlytookupmountaineeringinearnestinherearly40s,goingontobecomethefirstNorthAfricanwomantoclimbtheworld’ssevenhighestsummits(山顶).Baibanoudiscoveredapassionforhikingasachildatsummercamp.Asanadult,shevolunteeredwithagroupthatguidedtouristsandcontinuedtodevelopherhikingskills.In2011,shemadeadecisiontoclimbKilimanjaro.Atthebeginning,shedidn’texpecttoreachthesummit.“Iwasafraid.ButIwascurioustoknowwhatmybodywoulddoandhowitwouldreact,soIpushedmyselfbeyondmylimits.”WhenshereturnedfromKilimanjaro,shebegantothink,“Whynotdreambig?”Baibanoutrainsveryhard:yoga,bodybuilding,andswimming.Evenwiththemostthoroughpreparation,however,shestillsufferedalotwhenfacingthetoughnaturalenvironment.ClimbingMountEverest,shehadsnowblindness.“Icouldn’treadanything.Everythingwasjustwhite.”Hervisioneventuallyreturned,butshesufferedseverefrostbite(冻伤),too.“Myfingerswereallblack.Iwentfromthemountaindirectlytothehospital.”Fortunately,nofingersweresacrificed.Thereisalsoamentalloadthatcomeswithattemptingsuchriskychallenges.Shehaslostfriendstothemountains,anddoesn’ttakeriskslightly,sayingthat“80%oftheaccidentshappenduringdescent,becausepeoplethinkit’sover.Inthemountains,wesay,yoursuccessdoesn’thappenuntilyoucomedown.”Unlikemanysports,whereanathlete’sgreatestprizeisgold,“Hereyourmedalisyourlife.”“ManypeoplethinkthatMuslimwomencan’tdothings.”shesays.“ButwhentheyseemedowhatIdo,theyknowthatwearefree.”ShehasfoundedanorganizationinMorocco,teachingyounggirlsabouthikingandteamwork.SheisreshapingwhatfemaleNorthAfricansportswomencanachieve.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutBaibanoufromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Shebeganclimbinginherfifties. B.ShereachedthetopofKilimanjaro.C.Shevolunteeredatasummercamp. D.Shesetarecordforthefastestclimb.5.WhathappenedwhenBaibanouclimbedMountEverest?A.Sheexperiencedtemporaryvisionloss.B.Shewasforcedtoendtheclimbearlier.C.Shelostseveralfingerstoseriousfrostbite.D.Shewasnotfullypreparedbeforetheclimb.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“descent”intheParagraph4mean?A.Theupwardclimb. B.Theprocessoftraining.C.Thereturnjourney. D.Thepursuitofamedal.7.WhatdoesBaibanou’sexperienceshow?A.Knowledgeispower. B.Yourmindshapesyourworld.C.Fortunefavorsthebrave. D.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物记叙文。文章主要讲述了北非女性登山家Baibanou的登山经历及影响。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Atthebeginning,shedidn’texpecttoreachthesummit.(起初，她并不期望能够登上山顶)”和“WhenshereturnedfromKilimanjaro,shebegantothink,“Whynotdreambig?”(当她从乞力马扎罗山回来后，她开始想：“为什么不树立远大的梦想呢？”)”以及前文提到她决定去爬乞力马扎罗山，可推断她成功登顶了乞力马扎罗山。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ClimbingMountEverest,shehadsnowblindness.“Icouldn’treadanything.Everythingwasjustwhite.”Hervisioneventuallyreturned,butshesufferedseverefrostbite(冻伤),too.(攀登珠穆朗玛峰时，她患上了雪盲症。“我什么都看不见，眼前一片白茫茫。”她的视力最终得以恢复，但也遭受了严重的冻伤。)”可知，她经历了暂时性失明。故选A。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“80%oftheaccidentshappenduringdescent,becausepeoplethinkit’sover.Inthemountains,wesay,yoursuccessdoesn’thappenuntilyoucomedown.(80%的事故都发生在descent，因为人们觉得挑战已经结束了。在山里，我们常说：只有平安下山，才算真正成功。)”可知，人们觉得挑战已经结束是登顶后，80%的事故都发生在下山过程中。descent指的是下山，即返回的旅程。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Now56,theadventurerBouchraBaibanouonlytookupmountaineeringinearnestinherearly40s,goingontobecomethefirstNorthAfricanwomantoclimbtheworld’ssevenhighestsummits(山顶).(现年56岁的探险家布沙拉・拜巴努，直到40岁出头才正式开始从事登山运动，并最终成为第一位登顶世界七大高峰的北非女性。)”、第二段中“Iwasafraid.ButIwascurioustoknowwhatmybodywoulddoandhowitwouldreact,soIpushedmyselfbeyondmylimits.(我很害怕。但我很好奇想知道我的身体会做什么，会如何反应，所以我迫使自己超越极限。)”可知，Baibanou克服恐惧，勇敢挑战极限，面对自然风险和精神压力仍坚持攀登，最终成为北非首位完成七大洲最高峰攀登的女性。这体现了勇敢者因勇气获得成功，即：命运眷顾勇敢者。故选C。CThecommonlyheldbeliefthathappinessfollowsaU-shapedcurve—withpeaksatthebeginningandendoflife—mightbeincorrectaccordingtoarecentstudydonebyFabianKratzandJosefBrüderlattheLudwigMaximilianUniversityofMunichinGermany.Kratzsayshewasmotivatedtorevisittheclaim“becausetheU-curvedidnotreflectmypersonalexperienceswitholderpeople”.Sothepairlookedatself-reportedhappinessstatisticsof70,922adultswhotookpartinanannualsurveyinGermanybetween1984and2017.Theythenmodelledhowhappinesschangedwithineachperson’slife.RatherthanformingaU-shapedcurve,theyfoundthathappinessgenerallydeclinesslowlythroughoutadulthooduntilpeople’slate50s,whenitbeginstoriseupwardsuntil64,thendropsdramatically.OneofthereasonsKratzbelievespreviousstudieshavecometoincorrectconclusionsisthattheyoversimplifythetrajectory(轨迹)ofhappiness,partlybyignoringdeathsbroughtaboutbyillhealth.“Yougettheimpressionthatafteracertainage,happinesswouldincreaseonlybecausetheunhappypeoplearealreadydead,”saysKratz.Otherssaytheresultsraisenewquestions.“Thisstudyisremarkableinthatitrevealswhatwe’rereallytryingtoknowinresearch,”saysPhilipCohen,aprofessorofsocialeconomicsattheUniversityofMaryland,“butfurtherstudyshouldbedonetolearnwhyhappinesschangesthroughoutlifeandifthedramaticdropcanbeavoided.”Whatshouldbenotedisthatthepairdidn’tcontrolforfactorssuchasmarriageandincome,whichmayinfluencehappiness,andthestudyonlylookedatonecountry.Despiteallthese,thefindingscouldhaveeffectsonpolicy.“Previousscholarsarguedthatweneedpositiveactionpoliciestohelpindividualsdealwiththeirmidlifecrisis,”saysKratz.“butourresultssuggestthatthemosturgentissueistoaddresshappinessdeclineinoldage.”8.HowdidKratzandBrüderlcarryoutthestudy?A.Bydoingobservation. B.Byanalyzingdata.C.Byconductingsurveys. D.Byapplyingtheories.9.WhenisanadultlikelytobethehappiestaccordingtoKratz’sstudy?A.Inhislate40s. B.Inhisearly50s.C.Inhisearly60s. D.Inhislate70s.10.WhatisPhilipCohen’sattitudetowardsthenewstudy?A.Highlycritical. B.Firmlyopposed.C.Deeplydoubtful. D.Cautiouslyfavorable.11.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestudyfromthelastparagraph?A.Itcontrolledforfactorsproperly. B.Itfocusesonsolvingmidlifecrisis.C.Itcollecteddatainascientificway. D.Itprovidesinsightsforpolicymakers.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国研究人员的一项新研究，该研究挑战了幸福呈U形曲线的传统观点，指出幸福在成年后逐渐下降，直到50多岁后期开始上升，64岁后急剧下降。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Sothepairlookedatself-reportedhappinessstatisticsof70,922adultswhotookpartinanannualsurveyinGermanybetween1984and2017.Theythenmodelledhowhappinesschangedwithineachperson’slife.(因此，两人查看了70922名成年人的自我报告幸福统计数据，这些成年人参加了1984年至2017年在德国进行的一项年度调查。然后，他们模拟了每个人一生中幸福的变化)”可知，Kratz和Brüderl通过分析数据来进行这项研究。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“RatherthanformingaU-shapedcurve,theyfoundthathappinessgenerallydeclinesslowlythroughoutadulthooduntilpeople’slate50s,whenitbeginstoriseupwardsuntil64,thendropsdramatically.(他们发现，幸福并没有形成U形曲线，而是在整个成年期缓慢下降，直到人们50多岁后期开始上升，直到64岁，然后急剧下降)”可知，根据Kratz的研究，成年人在64岁(即60岁出头/早期)时幸福感达到一个高点。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Otherssaytheresultsraisenewquestions.“Thisstudyisremarkableinthatitrevealswhatwe’rereallytryingtoknowinresearch,”saysPhilipCohen,aprofessorofsocialeconomicsattheUniversityofMaryland,“butfurtherstudyshouldbedonetolearnwhyhappinesschangesthroughoutlifeandifthedramaticdropcanbeavoided.”(其他人则表示，这些结果提出了新的问题。马里兰大学的社会经济学教授PhilipCohen说：“这项研究的非凡之处在于，它揭示了我们在研究中真正想要了解的东西，但还需要进一步研究，以了解为什么幸福在一生中会发生变化，以及这种急剧下降是否可以避免。”)”可知，PhilipCohen认为这项研究揭示了有价值的信息，但还需要进一步研究，由此可推知，PhilipCohen对新研究持谨慎支持的态度。故选D项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despiteallthese,thefindingscouldhaveeffectsonpolicy.“Previousscholarsarguedthatweneedpositiveactionpoliciestohelpindividualsdealwiththeirmidlifecrisis,”saysKratz.“butourresultssuggestthatthemosturgentissueistoaddresshappinessdeclineinoldage.”(尽管如此，这些发现可能会对政策产生影响。Kratz说：“以前的学者认为，我们需要积极的行动政策来帮助个人应对中年危机。但我们的研究结果表明，最紧迫的问题是解决老年幸福下降的问题。”)”可知，尽管该研究存在局限，但其发现为政策制定者提供了新的见解和可能的着力方向。故选D项。DMorethan60yearsago,RosietheRobotmadeherTVdebut(首次亮相)inTheJetsons,buzzingfromroomtoroomcompletinghousework.Now,asscientistsworktodevelopmodern-dayRosies,oneordinarytaskisprovingtobeabigproblem:foldinglaundry.WhileitseemsordinarytopickupaT-shirtandfolditintoaneatsquare,itrequiresasurprisinglycomplexunderstandingofhowobjectsmoveinthreedimensions.Withalearnedunderstandingofhowdifferentfabrics(布料)willrespondwhenfolded,humanscanaccomplishsuchtaskswithease.Butforrobots,ifnewsituationsdifferfromtheirtraining,theywillhavedifficultyapplyingwhattheylearn.Asaresult,currentrobotsareslowandoftenperformpoorlyoneventhesimplestoffoldingtasks.Manyroboticsystemsuseafoldingstrategycalled“pickandplace”.Therobotusescomputervisiontechnologytoidentifyaspecificpointonashirt(liketheleftsleeve),thenpickupthatpointandplaceitdownatadifferentpoint(perhapstherightsleeve).Theorigin,destinationandtrajectoryofthemovementispre-determined.Anyunexpectedchangewillresultinanincorrectfold.Measuredbyametric(度规)calledIoU(1isperfect),thisstrategyonlyscored0.41ina2024study.Newtechnologiesaimtomakerobotsbetteratreactingtoreal-timechangesduringafoldingtask.OneoftheseapproachesiscalledAdaFold.Unlikepickandplace,AdaFoldcanchangeitsplaninthemiddleofafold.Whenfolding,themodelrepeatedlymonitorsthefabrictomeasureprogress,sothatitcanadapttochangesandadjustwhennecessarytoensurethemostoverlap(重叠).Inthesame2024study,AdaFoldscoredanIoUof0.83.AdaFoldshowsdynamic,adaptableresponse.Itcouldhelpresearchersdesignsmarterrobotsthatrespondflexiblytotheever-changinghumanworld.Hopefullyinthenearfuture,robotswillfreeusfromhouseworklikefoldinglaundry.12.WhydoestheauthormentionRosietheRobotatthebeginning?A.Toexplainaconcept. B.Toleadinthetopic.C.Tointroduceaproduct. D.TopromotetheTVseries.13.WhatwritingtechniqueismainlyusedinParagraph2?A.Givingexamples. B.Raisingaquestion.C.Usingrepetition. D.Makingacontrast.14.HowdoesAdaFolddifferfrom“pickandplace”infoldingclothes?A.Itplansallstepsbeforemoving. B.Itworksfasteronheavyfabrics.C.Itusessimplervisiontechnology. D.Itadjustsitsactionsduringfolding.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RosietheRobot:atargetforcriticism.B.Homerobots:anassistantforresearch.C.Foldinglaundry:achallengeforrobots.D.AdaFold:anapproachtotrainingrobots.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章以动画角色“罗西”为引子，探讨了机器人发展中所面临的一个看似普通却极具挑战性的任务——折叠衣物，介绍了传统策略的局限和新技术AdaFold的适应性改进。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Morethan60yearsago,RosietheRobotmadeherTVdebut(首次亮相)inTheJetsons,buzzingfromroomtoroomcompletinghousework.Now,asscientistsworktodevelopmodern-dayRosies,oneordinarytaskisprovingtobeabigproblem:foldinglaundry.(六十多年前，机器人罗西在《杰森一家》中首次亮相荧幕，嗡嗡作响地在房间里穿梭处理家务。如今，当科学家们致力于研发现代版“罗西”时，一项看似普通的任务被证明是个大问题：折叠衣物)”可知，作者提及动画角色罗西是为了引出文章要讨论的核心话题——研发能做家务的机器人所面临的具体挑战。故选B项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Withalearnedunderstandingofhowdifferentfabrics(布料)willrespondwhenfolded,humanscanaccomplishsuchtaskswithease.Butforrobots,ifnewsituationsdifferfromtheirtraining,theywillhavedifficultyapplyingwhattheylearn.Asaresult,currentrobotsareslowandoftenperformpoorlyoneventhesimplestoffoldingtasks.(人类凭借对不同布料折叠时会如何响应的习得理解，可以轻松完成此类任务。但对于机器人来说，如果新情况与它们的训练不同，它们将难以应用所学。因此，当前的机器人速度缓慢，即使在最简单的折叠任务上也常常表现不佳)”可知，本段主要将人类与机器人进行对比，以突出机器人处理折叠任务的困难和局限。因此主要使用了对比的写作手法。故选D项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Unlikepickandplace,AdaFoldcanchangeitsplaninthemiddleofafold.Whenfolding,themodelrepeatedlymonitorsthefabrictomeasureprogress,sothatitcanadapttochangesandadjustwhennecessarytoensurethemostoverlap(重叠).(与“拾放”策略不同，AdaFold可以在折叠过程中改变计划。在折叠时，该模型反复监测布料以评估进展，以便它能适应变化并在必要时进行调整，确保最大的重叠度)”可知，AdaFold与“拾放”策略的不同之处在于，它能在折叠过程中调整其动作。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段中提出的核心问题“oneordinarytaskisprovingtobeabigproblem:foldinglaundry.(一项看似普通的任务被证明是个大问题：折叠衣物)”以及后续段落对这一问题复杂性和解决进展的探讨可知，文章主要围绕“折叠衣物这一任务对机器人构成挑战”这一中心展开。故C项“Foldinglaundry:achallengeforrobots(折叠衣物：对机器人的一个挑战)”能概括文章主旨，适合作文章标题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Around80%ofNewYear’sresolutionsfailbyFebruary.Why?Becausemostapproachestohabitformationonlyrelyonmotivationanduncleargoal-setting.____16____.It’sgradualshiftsthatnaturallybecomepartofyourroutine.Here’show:TakesmallstepsCreatinglastinghabitsdoesn’trequireanextremerestructureofyourlifestyleovernight.Instead,startsmallbychoosingoneachievablechange.Ratherthancommittingtoa30-minuteworkout,beginwithjust5-10minutesandgraduallybuildup.____17____Setclearintentions____18____.Insteadofsaying,“Iwon’teatsugar,”shiftto,“I’llhaveaprotein-richbreakfasteverymorning.”Ratherthanthinking,“Ineedtostopwastingtime,”say,“I’lldevote10minutestoreadingbeforebed.”Themorespecificyourplan,theeasieritistofollowthrough.____19____Aneffectivewaytomakehabitsstickisbyfixingthemtosomethingyoualreadydo.Drinkaglassofwaterafterbrushingyourteeth,orstretchfor30secondsaftergettingoutofbed.Yourenvironmentcanalsoserveasasignal.Forexample,youcanplaceabookonyourpillowasatrigger(触发因素)toreadbeforebed.Makingnewhabitseasyandnaturalincreasesthechancesofsuccess.AssociatewithpleasureEnjoymentplaysacrucialroleinmakinghabitssustainable.Themorepleasureyouassociatewithahabit,themorelikelyyouaretostickwithit.____20____.Ifyouwanttobemoreactive,chooseanactivityyoutrulyenjoy.Inshort,youdon’tneedmoremotivation,youneedasystemthatworksforyou.Lastinghabitscomefromsmall,intentionalchoicesmadeconsistentlyovertime.A.StartwithareminderB.MakesteadyprogressC.YourentirelifeisessentiallythesumofyourhabitsD.Focusonwhatyouwilldoratherthanwhatyouwon’tE.Ifyouwanttodrinkmorewater,tryaddinglemontoitF.However,thekeytolastinghabitsisn’tmassivechangesG.Constantprogressleadstobigtransformationsovertime【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.A20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过采取小步骤、设定明确目标、利用提示物、将习惯与愉悦感联系起来等方法来养成持久习惯。【16题详析】由上文“Around80%ofNewYear’sresolutionsfailbyFebruary.Why?Becausemostapproachestohabitformationonlyrelyonmotivationanduncleargoal-setting.(大约80%的新年决心在2月份就失败了。为什么？因为大多数养成习惯的方法只依赖于动机和不明确的目标设定。)”及下文“It’sgradualshiftsthatnaturallybecomepartofyourroutine.Here’show:(它是逐渐的转变，自然地成为你日常生活的一部分。以下是方法：)”可知，上文说明了大多数养成习惯的方法存在的问题，下文引出如何养成持久习惯的方法，本空应说明养成持久习惯的关键不是大规模的改变，而是逐渐的转变。F选项“However,thekeytolastinghabitsisn’tmassivechanges.(然而，养成持久习惯的关键不是巨大的改变。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。【17题详析】由上文“Creatinglastinghabitsdoesn’trequireanextremerestructureofyourlifestyleovernight.Instead,startsmallbychoosingoneachievablechange.Ratherthancommittingtoa30-minuteworkout,beginwithjust5-10minutesandgraduallybuildup.(养成持久的习惯不需要在一夜之间彻底改变你的生活方式。相反，从小处着手，选择一个可以实现的变化。与其坚持30分钟的锻炼，不如从5-10分钟开始，然后逐渐增加。)”可知，上文说明了养成持久习惯要从小处着手，逐渐增加，本空需总结小步骤的长期效果。G选项“Constantprogressleadstobigtransformationsovertime(持续的进步最终会带来巨大的改变)”是对前文小步积累效果的总结，符合语境。故选G。【18题详析】由下文“Insteadofsaying,“Iwon’teatsugar,”shiftto,“I’llhaveaprotein-richbreakfasteverymorning.”Ratherthanthinking,“Ineedtostopwastingtime,”say,“I’lldevote10minutestoreadingbeforebed.”Themorespecificyourplan,theeasieritistofollowthrough.(不要说“我不吃糖”，而是说“我每天早上都要吃富含蛋白质的早餐”。与其想着“我需要停止浪费时间”，不如说“我会在睡前抽出10分钟阅读”。你的计划越具体，就越容易执行。)”可知，下文通过举例说明了要关注自己将要做的事情，而不是不做的事情，本空应直接点出主题，D选项“Focusonwhatyouwilldoratherthanwhatyouwon’t.(关注你将要做的事情，而不是你不做的事情。)”能直接点出主题，符合语境。故选D。【19题详析】由下文“Aneffectivewaytomakehabitsstickisbyfixingthemtosomethingyoualreadydo.Drinkaglassofwaterafterbrushingyourteeth,orstretchfor30secondsaftergettingoutofbed.Yourenvironmentcanalsoserveasasignal.Forexample,youcanplaceabookonyourpillowasatrigger(触发因素)toreadbeforebed.Makingnewhabitseasyandnaturalincreasesthechancesofsuccess.(让习惯坚持下去的一个有效方法是把它们和你已经在做的事情联系起来。刷牙后喝一杯水，或者起床后伸展30秒。你的环境也可以作为一个信号。例如，你可以在枕头上放一本书，作为睡前阅读的触发因素。让新习惯变得简单自然会增加成功的几率。)”可知，下文说明了可以通过一些提醒来养成新习惯，本空应引出这一观点。A选项“Startwithareminder.(从一个提醒开始。)”能引出下文，符合语境。故选A。【20题详析】由上文“Enjoymentplaysacrucialroleinmakinghabitssustainable.Themorepleasureyouassociatewithahabit,themorelikelyyouaretostickwithit.(享受在养成可持续习惯中起着至关重要的作用。你与一个习惯联系在一起的乐趣越多，你就越有可能坚持下去。)”可知，上文说明了享受在养成习惯中的重要性，本空应举例说明如何将习惯与愉悦感联系起来。E选项“Ifyouwanttodrinkmorewater,tryaddinglemontoit.(如果你想多喝水，试着往水里加柠檬。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasyoung,mybrotherwouldtakemetothenearbyriverstocatchtrout(鳟鱼).Atfirst,Ilearnedthe____21____offishing.Overtime,Ibecame____22____withthetrout’sbehavior.ButIneverthoughtIcouldmakeacareeroutofthisinterest.I____23____academicallyinhighschool,soIleftat19withoutadiploma(毕业文凭).Forseveralyears,Iworkedindifferentjobs.Butsomethingstilltouchedme____24____Iwentfishing.WhenIwas24,IfeltIneededachange.Aftercompletingascience-baseddiplomaforadults,Istarteda____25____degreeatuniversity.Myfirsttermwasextremelytough.I____26____severalsubjects.ButIwas____27____topursuemydream,andgraduallymygradesimproved.____28____Igotintoamaster’sprograminbiodiversitymanagement.Andmysupervisor(导师)was____29____atroutproject.Iwas____30____.I’mnowinthemiddleofaPh.D.,____31____howclimatechangeaffectsacold-waterfish.I’m____32____adream.Everyday,Istillfeelthesame____33____tolearnandimprove.ThelasttimeIvisitedalake,mybrotherjoinedmelikewhenwewerekids.Butthistime,Iledthework,____34____theteam,andtookresponsibility.Lifehadbroughtmebacktowhereitallbegan,thistimeasa____35____.21.A.basics B.advantages C.courses D.meanings22.A.accustomed B.associated C.bored D.fascinated23.A.improved B.struggled C.succeeded D.performed24.A.whenever B.whatever C.however D.whichever25.A.chemistry B.biology C.geology D.physics26.A.mastered B.skipped C.failed D.passed27.A.determined B.confused C.discouraged D.motivated28.A.Recently B.Immediately C.Accidentally D.Eventually29.A.insearchof B.inchargeof C.inplaceof D.inhonorof30.A.disappointed B.overjoyed C.depressed D.amused31.A.explaining B.worrying C.studying D.displaying32.A.living B.earning C.leading D.making33.A.desire B.dream C.competence D.confidence34.A.improved B.developed C.valued D.managed35.A.scientist B.sponsor C.volunteer D.designer【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.A25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.B31.C32.A33.A34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者年少时跟随哥哥钓鱼，对鳟鱼产生了浓厚兴趣。虽因学业不佳早早辍学，但内心对钓鱼的热爱始终未变。成年后他重拾学业，克服重重困难，最终将兴趣发展为事业，成为一名研究气候变化对冷水鱼类影响的博士，实现了人生梦想。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我学习了钓鱼的基础知识。A.basics基础知识；B.advantages优势；C.courses课程；D.meanings意义。根据前文“WhenIwasyoung,mybrotherwouldtakemetothenearbyriverstocatchtrout”以及“Atfirst”可知，作者最初是跟随哥哥学习钓鱼，因此是从“基础知识”开始学起。故选A项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我对鳟鱼的行为着迷。A.accustomed习惯的；B.associated关联的；C.bored无聊的；D.fascinated着迷的。根据后文“ But

IneverthoughtIcouldmakeacareeroutofthisinterest”可知，作者对鳟鱼有浓厚的兴趣，对鳟鱼行为“着迷”；becamefascinatedwith表示“对……着迷”。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在高中学业上很吃力，所以19岁时没有拿到文凭就离开了学校。A.improved改善；B.struggled挣扎，吃力；C.succeeded成功；D.performed表现。根据后文结果“leftat19withoutadiploma”可知，他学业不顺，未能毕业，说明在高中学业上遇到困难，学习“吃力”。故选B项。【24题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但每当我去钓鱼时，总有某种东西触动着我。A.whenever无论何时；B.whatever无论什么；C.however然而；D.whichever无论哪个。根据句子结构，此处需要一个连接时间状语从句的连词；“Iwentfishing”是一个时间点，用whenever(无论何时)引导时间状语从句，表示一种规律性或反复性的情况。故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在完成了一个面向成人的理科文凭后，我在大学开始攻读一个生物学学位。A.chemistry化学；B.biology生物学；C.geology地质学；D.physics物理学。根据后文作者的研究方向“amaster’sprograminbiodiversitymanagement”以及博士课题研究鱼类，这些都属于生物学范畴，因此他攻读的学士学位很可能是“生物学”。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我好几门科目不及格。A.mastered掌握；B.skipped跳过；C.failed失败，不及格；D.passed通过。根据前文“Myfirsttermwasextremelytough”和后文转折“ButIwastopursuemydream”可知，开始阶段很艰难，结果不好，所以是“不及格”。故选C项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我决心追求我的梦想，渐渐地我的成绩提高了。A.determined下定决心的；B.confused困惑的；C.discouraged气馁的；D.motivated有动力的。根据后文“pursuemydream,andgraduallymygradesimproved”可知，尽管遇到困难，但他当时态度是“坚定的”或者“下定决心”的。故选A项。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我进入了一个生物多样性管理硕士项目。A.Recently最近；B.Immediately立即；C.Accidentally偶然地；D.Eventually最终，终于。根据时间线和逻辑，他经历了高中辍学、工作、重读文凭、大学本科艰难起步并坚持下来，这是一个漫长且逐步进步的过程，“最终”获得攻读硕士的机会。故选D项。【29题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：而我的导师负责一个鳟鱼项目。A.insearchof寻找；B.inchargeof负责；C.inplaceof代替；D.inhonorof为纪念。根据前文“Igotintoamaster’sprogramin

biodiversitymanagement”可知，作者读的是硕士项目，导师作为项目负责人是常见情况，因此导师是“负责”此项目。故选B项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我欣喜若狂。A.disappointed失望的；B.overjoyed狂喜的；C.depressed沮丧的；D.amused被逗乐的。根据前文“Overtime,Ibecamewiththetrout’sbehavior.”可知，作者从小对鳟鱼着迷，将其视为兴趣所在。现在发现自己的导师负责一个鳟鱼项目，这意味着他可以结合自己长久以来的兴趣进行学术研究，因此，他的情绪反应应该是极其积极的，“欣喜若狂”符合语境。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词辨析。句意：我现在正在攻读博士学位，研究气候变化如何影响一种冷水鱼。A.explaining解释；B.worrying担心；C.studying研究；D.displaying展示。根据前文“inthemiddleofaPh.D.”和宾语“howclimatechangeaffects”可知，这是他的博士研究课题，因此是“研究”这个课题。故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词辨析。句意：我正活在一个梦想中。A.living生活，度过；B.earning赚取；C.leading领导；D.making制造。liveadream是固定短语，意为“活在梦想中，实现梦想般的生活”，形象地描述了他现在从事自己热爱的事业的状态。故选A项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一天，我仍然感受到同样的学习和进步的渴望。A.desire渴望；B.dream梦想；C.competence能力；D.confidence信心。根据后文“tolearnandimprove”可知，这是一种内在的驱动力或“渴望”；且全文体现了作者对知识(尤其是与鱼类相关的知识)持续的热情和追求。故选A项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这一次，我主导了工作，管理着团队，并承担起责任。A.improved改进；B.developed发展；C.valued重视；D.managed管理。根据前文“Iledthework”和后文“tookresponsibility”可知，他在团队中扮演领导角色，在“管理”团队。故选D项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活把我带回到了这一切开始的地方，这一次是作为一名科学家。A.scientist科学家；B.sponsor赞助人；C.volunteer志愿者；D.designer设计师。作者从钓鱼爱好者，到克服学业困难，最终攻读生物学硕士、博士，研究鱼类，现在领导团队进行科学研究。因此，他重返故地时的身份已转变为“科学家”，这与文章开头“IneverthoughtIcouldmakeacareeroutofthisinterest”形成呼应，点明了他的职业身份。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AspecialeventforanexhibitioninLondonexploringthe____36____(evolve)ofChinesecharactersandtheirroleinculturalexchangebetweenChinaandtheWestkickedoffatagalleryinLondon.____37____(title)“HanzioftheWest,LettersoftheEast”,theexhibitionfeaturesmorethan100originalworksinspiredbyChinesecharacters.“ThethemetitleinvitesustoseeChinesecharactersandalphabeticlettersnotasopposites,butascompanions:twovisuallogics____38____bothrecordsound,shapemeaningandexpressemotion,”saidWuYun,fromTongjiUniversity.Theexhibition____39____(design)asastep-by-stepnarrativethatusesChinesecharactersas____40____threadtotellstoriesaboutculturalencountersbetweenChinaandBritain.Onesectionexploreshowartistsanddesignerstakehanziasastartingpointfornewwork,____41____(present)piecesthatreinterpretstrokes(笔画)andstructuresthroughbookdesign,fashion,artand____42____(create)products.Anothersectionfollowstheearlyspread____43____hanzitotheWest