江苏省苏州市姑苏区某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月阶段诊断英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省苏州市姑苏区某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月阶段诊断英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVolunteertourism,whichcombinestravelwithcommunityservice,hasgrowninpopularityamongglobaltravelersseekingmeaningfulexperiences.TheTelegraphrecentlyfeaturedthreeshort-termvolunteerprogramsfocusedonculturalheritagepreservation,idealforthosewantingtocontributewhileexploringnewdestinations.Herearekeydetails:ProgramNameLocationDuration&ScheduleCoreDutiesProgramFee(perperson)TempleRestorationProjectLuangPrabang,Laos2weeks(Mon-Fri:8:30-11:30,14:00-17:00)Assistwithminortemplerepairs;documentancientmurals$650IndigenousCraftRevivalOaxaca,Mexico3weeks(Tue-Sat:9:00-16:00,breaksincluded)Teachbasicdigitalskills;helprecordcrafttechniques$820OralHistoryCollectionKyoto,Japan1week(Wed-Mon:10:00-18:00,1dayoff)Translateinterviews;organizetraditionalstoryarchives$580AdditionalInformation:Accommodation:Allprogramsincludestayswithlocalfamilies(2-3volunteersperhousehold),providingculturalimmersion.Inclusions:Programfeescoveraccommodation,dailymeals,andlocaltransportationduringworkhours.Flightsandtravelinsuranceareexcluded.Requirements:Noprofessionalskillsneeded,butbasicconversationalEnglishisrequired.Apassionforculturalpreservationisessential.ApplicationDeadline:For2025summerprograms,applicationsmustbesubmittedbyMarch31,2025.SuccessfulapplicantswillbenotifiedbyApril15.Thisselectionaimstohighlightprogramsthatprioritize“responsibleengagementratherthanone-sidedassistance,”asnotedbyTheTelegraph’straveleditor.Eachprojectisco-designedwithlocalcommunitiestoensurelong-termbenefits.1.HowmanyhoursdoesavolunteerworkperweekintheTempleRestorationProject?A.20hours. B.25hours. C.30hours. D.35hours.2.Whatisamustforthoseapplyingforthevolunteerprograms?A.FluentEnglishforformalinterviews.B.Previousvolunteerexperienceintravel.C.Professionalskillsinculturalpreservation.D.Astronginterestinprotectingculturalheritage.3.Whatdothethreeprogramshaveincommon?A.TheyarelocatedinAsiancountries.B.Theircoredutyistotranslateinterviews.C.Theirprogramfeesincludeflightsandinsurance.D.Theyaredevelopedincooperationwithlocalcommunities.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，介绍了《每日电讯报》推荐的三个聚焦文化遗产保护的短期志愿项目，涵盖项目的地点、时长、核心职责、费用等关键信息及附加说明。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TempleRestorationProject的Duration&Schedule部分“2weeks(Mon-Fri:8:30-11:30,14:00-17:00)(2周，周一至周五：8:30-11:30，14:00-17:00)”，每天工作时长为（11:30-8:30）+（17:00-14:00）=3+3=6小时，每周工作5天，每周工作时长为6×5=30小时。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Requirements部分“Apassionforculturalpreservationisessential.(对文化保护的热情是必不可少的)”可知，申请这些志愿项目必须对保护文化遗产有浓厚兴趣。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Eachprojectisco-designedwithlocalcommunitiestoensurelong-termbenefits.(每个项目都是与当地社区共同设计的，以确保长期效益)”可知，这三个项目的共同点是与当地社区合作开发。故选D。BKatherineJohnson,aherotoAmericanspacetravelandexploration,wasbornonAug.26,1918,inWhiteSulphurSprings,WestVirginia.Hergeniusformathandsciencewasevidentearlyandherparentsarrangedforherandhersiblings’educationtobeapriority.Katherinegraduatedfromhighschoolatonly14andattendedWestVirginiaStateCollege,ahistoricallyBlackcollege.WhenWestVirginiadecidedtoquietlyintegrateitsgraduateschoolsin1939,WestVirginiaState’spresident,Dr.JohnW.Davis,selectedherandtwomentobethefirstBlackstudentsofferedspotsatthestate’sflagshipschool,WestVirginiaUniversity.In1953,inatimeofracialseparation,shestartedajobasahuman“computer”withtheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronautics(NACA),whichlaterdevelopedintoNASA．SheworkedintheWestAreaComputingsectionatLangleyResearchCenteronateamheadedbyfellowWestVirginianDorothyVaughan.Thisturnedintoalong-termpositionandsetthecourseforKatherine’sroleinspaceexploration.In1960,sheandengineerTedSkopinskicoauthoredDeterminationofAzimuthAngleatBurnoutforPlacingaSatelliteOveraSelectedEarthPosition,areportlayingouttheequations(方程式)describinganorbitalspaceflightinwhichthelandingpositionofthespacecraftisspecified.ItwasthefirsttimeawomanintheFlightResearchDivisionhadreceivedcreditasanauthorofaresearchreport.HerexpertisewaskeytoJohnGlenn’sorbitaroundEarthin1962,withGlennputtingmuchofhisconfidenceinKatherinetomakethemissionasuccess.Asapartofthepreflightchecklist,Glennaskedengineersto“getthegirl”—Johnson—torunthesamenumbersthroughthesameequationsthathadbeenprogrammedintothecomputer,butbyhand,onherdesktopmechanicalcalculatingmachine.“Ifshesaysthey’regood,”KatherineJohnsonrememberedtheastronautsaying,“thenI’mreadytogo.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutKatherineJohnson’slifeexperience?A.Herparentsattachedgreatimportancetohereducation.B.ShewastheonlyBlackstudenttoenterWestVirginiaUniversityin1939.C.ShetooktheleadoftheWestAreaComputingsection.D.ShejoinedtheNACAorganizationafterNASAhadbeenestablished.5.Whydoesthewriterquote(引用)JohnGlenn’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.ToexplainJohnson’shandcalculation(计算)wastough.B.TohighlightJohnGlennwasastrictmissionleader.C.ToproveJohnson’shandcalculationswerereliable.D.Toillustratethecomputer’sdatawasnottrustworthy.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKatherineJohnson?A.Modestandsociable. B.Talentedandhardworking.C.Stubbornandambitious. D.Considerateandcooperative.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.KatherineJohnson:ALifetimeofEducationalPursuitsB.TheStoryofa“Computer”:KatherineJohnson’sEarlyLifeatNASAC.KatherineJohnson:APioneeringForceinSpaceExplorationD.Mathematics:TheKeytoJohnGlenn’sHistoricSpaceFlight【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了女性航空航天科学家凯瑟琳的职业生涯和相关事迹。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Hergeniusformathandsciencewasevidentearlyandherparentsarrangedforherandhersiblings’educationtobeapriority.(她从小便展现出在数学和科学方面的天赋，她的父母也高度重视她的教育以及她兄弟姐妹们的教育)”可知，凯瑟琳的父母高度重视她的教育。故选A。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“HerexpertisewaskeytoJohnGlenn’sorbitaroundEarthin1962,withGlennputtingmuchofhisconfidenceinKatherinetomakethemissionasuccess.Asapartofthepreflightchecklist,Glennaskedengineersto“getthegirl”—Johnson—torunthesamenumbersthroughthesameequationsthathadbeenprogrammedintothecomputer,butbyhand,onherdesktopmechanicalcalculatingmachine.(她的专业知识对约翰·格伦1962年环绕地球飞行起到了关键作用。格伦对凯瑟琳寄予厚望，希望她能确保这次任务取得成功。在飞行前的检查清单中，格伦要求工程师们“找那个女孩”——即约翰逊——让她按照预先输入到计算机中的相同公式和数据，在她手边的机械计算机上进行计算)”可知，在格伦太空飞行之前，他要求凯瑟琳手动复算电脑数据，因此作者在最后一段引用了约翰·格伦的话是为了证明约翰逊的手算是可靠的。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Hergeniusformathandsciencewasevidentearlyandherparentsarrangedforherandhersiblings’educationtobeapriority.(她从小便展现出在数学和科学方面的天赋，她的父母也高度重视她的教育以及她兄弟姐妹们的教育)”可知，她是有才能的（talented），根据最后一段“HerexpertisewaskeytoJohnGlenn’sorbitaroundEarthin1962,withGlennputtingmuchofhisconfidenceinKatherinetomakethemissionasuccess.Asapartofthepreflightchecklist,Glennaskedengineersto“getthegirl”—Johnson—torunthesamenumbersthroughthesameequationsthathadbeenprogrammedintothecomputer,butbyhand,onherdesktopmechanicalcalculatingmachine.(她的专业知识对约翰·格伦1962年环绕地球飞行起到了关键作用。格伦对凯瑟琳寄予厚望，希望她能确保这次任务取得成功。在飞行前的检查清单中，格伦要求工程师们“请那位女孩来核算”——即约翰逊——让她按照预先输入到计算机中的相同公式和数据，在她手边的机械计算机上进行计算)”可知，她是勤奋的（diligent）。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“In1953,inatimeofracialseparation,shestartedajobasahuman“computer”withtheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronautics(NACA),whichlaterdevelopedintoNASA．SheworkedintheWestAreaComputingsectionatLangleyResearchCenteronateamheadedbyfellowWestVirginianDorothyVaughan.Thisturnedintoalong-termpositionandsetthecourseforKatherine’sroleinspaceexploration.(1953年，在种族隔离时期，她开始在国家航空咨询委员会（NACA）担任人类“计算机”的工作，后来该机构发展成为了NASA。她在兰利研究中心的西部计算部门工作，所在的团队由同样来自西弗吉尼亚州的多萝西·沃恩领导。这份工作成为了一项长期职位，并为凯瑟琳在太空探索中的角色奠定了基础)”可知，文章主要介绍了女性航空航天科学家凯瑟琳的职业生涯和相关事迹，C选项“凯瑟琳·约翰逊：太空探索领域的先锋力量”可作为最好的题目，故选C。CLandscapepaintingsofthe19thcenturydisplayedinLondon’sTateBritainmuseumlookedratherfamiliartoAnnaLeaAlbright,aclimateresearcher.ArtistWilliamTurner’suniquewayofpaintingobjectsinfoggyweatherletAlbrightrecallherearlyresearchonairpollution.“Istartedwonderingiftherewasaconnection,”saysAlbright,whovisitedthemuseumonadayofffromwork.Turner—anEnglishRomanticpainter—waspaintingasincreasingindustrialplantsearnedLondonthename“TheBigSmoke”.Turner’searlyworksweredonewithsharpdetailswhilelaterworkshadadreamieraesthetic(美感).TofigureouttowhatextentImpressionistswerereflectingtheenvironmentalconditionsofthattime,AlbrightpartneredwithclimatologistPeterHuybers.Theyanalyzedthecontrastof60workscreatedbyTurnerfrom1796to1850and38paintingsbyMonetbetween1864and1901.Itturnedoutthatasthereleaseofsulfurdioxide(二氧化硫)increasedovertime,theamountofcontrastinbothTurner’sandMonet’spaintingsdecreased.However,workssetinParisbyMonetbetween1864and1872showedrelativelyhighercontrastcomparedwithTurner’sLondon-basedworkscreated20yearsearlier.This,AlbrightandHuyberssay,canbeduetothemuchslowerstartoftheIndustrialRevolutioninFrance.Theresearchersalsoanalyzedthepaintings’visibility,orthedistanceatwhichanobjectcanbeclearlyseen.Before1830,thevisibilityinTurner’spaintingsaveragedabout25kilometerswhilepaintingsafter1830hadtheaveragevisibilityofabout10kilometers.Tostrengthentheirargument,theresearchersalsoanalyzed18paintingsfromfourotherLondon-andParis-basedImpressionists.Again,asoutdoorairpollutionincreased,thecontrastandvisibilityinthepaintingsdecreased.Theresearcherscalculatethatairpollutioncanexplainabout61percentofcontrastdifferencesbetweenthepaintings.Inthatrespect,“differentpainterswillpaintinasimilarwaywhentheenvironmentissimilar,”Albrightsays.“ButIdon’twanttooverstepthelineandsay:Oh,wecanexplainallofImpressionism.”8.WhyisAlbright’svisittoamuseummentioned?A.Toconnectartwithresearch. B.Tointroducepreviousfoggyweather.C.ToshowimpactsofTurner’spainting. D.Toexplaininspirationforhernewstudy.9.WhatmightleadtolowercontrastinTurner’spaintingsaccordingtotheresearch?A.Hispersonalhabits. B.Hisdrawingtechniques.C.Thehigherlevelofindustrialization. D.TheinfluenceofImpressionists.10.Whatdoesthepaintings’visibilitymainlyindicate?A.Paintingstylesvarywithtimeandregions. B.Airpollutionneedstobecontrolled.C.Lowervisibilityismorepopularinworks. D.Changesinitmayrelatetoairquality.11.WhichwordcanbestdescribeAlbright’sattitudetowardsthefindings?A.Objective. B.Optimistic. C.Enthusiastic. D.Doubtful.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.A【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍AnnaLeaAlbright的研究表明，19世纪绘画风格的变化与工业革命时期的空气污染有关。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“ArtistWilliamTurner’suniquewayofpaintingobjectsinfoggyweatherletAlbrightrecallherearlyresearchonairpollution.(艺术家WilliamTurner在雾天里作画的独特方式让Albright回忆起她早期对空气污染的研究)”和第二段中的““Istartedwonderingiftherewasaconnection,”saysAlbright,whovisitedthemuseumonadayofffromwork.(‘我开始怀疑这两者之间是否有联系，’Albright说，她在休假的一天参观了博物馆)”可知，Albright在参观博物馆时，WilliamTurner对雾中的事物的表现方式使她受到启发，因此她打算研究绘画风格的变化是否与空气污染有关。故选D项“为了解释她新研究的灵感”符合题意。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theyanalyzedthecontrastof60workscreatedbyTurnerfrom1796to1850and38paintingsbyMonetbetween1864and1901.Itturnedoutthatasthereleaseofsulfurdioxide(二氧化硫)increasedovertime,theamountofcontrastinbothTurner’sandMonet’spaintingsdecreased.However,workssetinParisbyMonetbetween1864and1872showedrelativelyhighercontrastcomparedwithTurner’sLondon-basedworkscreated20yearsearlier.This,AlbrightandHuyberssay,canbeduetothemuchslowerstartoftheIndustrialRevolutioninFrance.(他们分析了Turner在1796年至1850年间创作的60幅作品和Monet在1864年至1901年间创作的38幅作品的对比。事实证明，二氧化硫的释放随着时间的推移而增加，Turner和Monet画作中的对比度都减少了。然而，Monet在1864年至1872年间以巴黎为背景的作品，与Turner在20年前创作的伦敦作品相比，表现出了相对更高的反差。Albright和Huybers说，这可能是由于法国工业革命起步较慢)”可知，与Turner20年前在伦敦创作的作品相比，Monet1864至1872年间以巴黎为背景的作品表现出相对更高的对比度。Albright和Huybers说，这可能是由于法国工业革命起步较慢。故较高的工业化水平可能导致了Turner作品中的对比度相对较低。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Theresearchersalsoanalyzedthepaintings’visibility,orthedistanceatwhichanobjectcanbeclearlyseen.Before1830,thevisibilityinTurner’spaintingsaveragedabout25kilometerswhilepaintingsafter1830hadtheaveragevisibilityofabout10kilometers.Tostrengthentheirargument,theresearchersalsoanalyzed18paintingsfromfourotherLondon-andParis-basedImpressionists.Again,asoutdoorairpollutionincreased,thecontrastandvisibilityinthepaintingsdecreased.(研究人员还分析了画作的可见性，即物体清晰可见的距离。在1830年以前，Turner画作的平均能见度约为25公里，而1830年以后的画作的平均能见度约为10公里。为了加强他们的论点，研究人员还分析了另外四位伦敦和巴黎印象派画家的18幅画作。同样，随着室外空气污染的增加，画作中的对比度和可见度也下降了)”可知，研究人员分析了画作的可见度，在1830年以前，Turner画中平均约25千米内的事物能被看清，而在1830年以后，他的画中平均约10千米内的事物能被看清，这说明了随着空气污染变严重，画作中的对比度和可见度下降了。故选D项“可见度的变化可能与空气质量有关”。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Theresearcherscalculatethatairpollutioncanexplainabout61percentofcontrastdifferencesbetweenthepaintings.(研究人员计算出，空气污染可以解释大约61%的画作之间的对比差异)”及“ButIdon’twanttooverstepthelineandsay:Oh,wecanexplainallofImpressionism.(但我不想越界说：哦，我们可以解释所有印象派)”可知，研究人员推测，空气污染可以解释大约61%的画作之间的对比度差异。但是，Albright认为这并不能解释所有的印象派。由此可推知，Albright对该研究结果持客观的态度。故选A。DMedialiteracy(素养)isfinallygettingsomelate-arrivingattention.Whetherit’stheincreasingawarenessofpoliticaldisinformationorthethreatofAI,discussionsaboutmedialiteracyareontherise.Theadoptionofmedialiteracyintheclassroom,however,stagnates.Thedrivingforceforprovidingkidswithmedialiteracyskillsoftengetslostinthemoralpanicovertechnologyandkids.Fearhasoverrunreason,andpeoplecan’tdecidewhethertoblamesocialmedia,mobiledevices,techcompanies,ortheInternet.Theyareconcernedwithclaimsthattechnologyandsocialmediaarethecausesofteenagementalhealthissuesdespitetheweakassociations.Inresponse,toomanysolutionsare“ostrichpolicies(鸵鸟政策)”thatwanttobandevicesandshutdownsocialmediabutdon’taddressmorefundamentalissues.Policiesthatsetagelimitsonsocialmediaaccessandrestrictdevicesduringschooltominimizedisturbancecanbehelpfulbutareincompletesolutions.Socialmediadidn’tinventbullies(霸凌)ortheenormouseffectofpeerpressure.Socialmediaplatformsmaybeanewbattleground,buttheyarenotthesource.Unfortunately,manycurrentpoliciesignoretheneedtoteachkidshowtomanagethesechallenges.Thereisfrighteninglylittleattentionpaidtopreparingkidstomakegooddecisionswhentheywill,unavoidably,getonline.Onthebrightside,therapiddevelopmentofAIandincreasingattentiontotheamountofmisinformationonlinehavehelpednormalizetheacceptanceofmedialiteracyasacoreskill.Whilesuggestionstolimitinappropriatedeviceuse,increaseface-to-facesocialization,andengageinoutdoorplayarcbeneficial,theydonotbuildthecoreskillsthatwillkeepkidssafeofflineandarefundamentaltowell-beingandlifesuccess:goodcitizenship,self-awarenessandself-control.Thosethingstaketeaching,whetheryouareonlineoroutside.Medialiteracyisanessentiallifeskillthat,oncelearned,canbeappliedtoanycontent.Whilewaitingforpubliceducationtocatchup,parentsandeducatorscanbuildmedialiteracyskillsathomewithnumerousresources,rangingfromfamilytechnologycontractsanddiscussionguidestoeasyactivitiesthatcanbedoneathomewithkids.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stagnates”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A.Getsfarahead. B.Fallsapartsuddenly.C.Fallswellshort. D.Getsstartedofficially.13.Whatcausespeople’smoralpanicovertechnologyandkids?A.BeliefintherapidgrowthofnewtechnologiesB.ConcernovercuttingkidsofffromtheInternetC.Inabilitytobalancetheuseofsocialmediaandhealth.D.Fearoftechnologycausingmentalhealthissuesinteenagers.14.Whatdoesparagraph3ofthetextfocuson?A.Thesourcesofpeerpressure. B.Thebenefitsofminimizingdisturbance.C.Theproblemsofcurrentpolicies. D.Thedisadvantagesofsocialmediaplatforms15.Whichofthefollowingbelongstomedialiteracy?A.Reducingsocialmediaexposure. B.Applyingcriticalthinkingtomedia.C.Increasingface-to-faceinteractions. D.Recognizingthedangersofsocialmedia【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了媒体素养的重要性，以及如何培养媒体素养。【12题详析】词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Whetherit’stheincreasingawarenessofpoliticaldisinformationorthethreatofAI,discussionsaboutmedialiteracyareontherise.(无论是对政治虚假信息的日益意识，还是人工智能的威胁，关于媒体素养的讨论都在增加)”以及划线单词句中“Theadoptionofmedialiteracyintheclassroom,however,…(然而，媒体素养在课堂上的普及却……)”可知，此处关于媒体素养的讨论在增加，但是媒体素养在课堂上的普及却停滞不前。故可猜测划线单词stagnates为“停滞不前”的意思，和C选项Fallswellshort“远远不够”意思相近。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thedrivingforceforprovidingkidswithmedialiteracyskillsoftengetslostinthemoralpanicovertechnologyandkids.Fearhasoverrunreason,andpeoplecan’tdecidewhethertoblamesocialmedia,mobiledevices,techcompanies,ortheInternet.Theyareconcernedwithclaimsthattechnologyandsocialmediaarethecausesofteenagementalhealthissuesdespitetheweakassociations.(在对科技和孩子的道德恐慌中，为孩子们提供媒体素养技能的驱动力往往会消失。恐惧已经超越了理性，人们无法决定是归咎于社交媒体、移动设备、科技公司还是互联网。他们担心科技和社交媒体是青少年心理健康问题的原因，尽管两者之间的联系很弱)”可知，对科技的恐惧导致青少年的心理健康问题导致了人们对科技和孩子的道德恐慌。故选D项。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Policiesthatsetagelimitsonsocialmediaaccessandrestrictdevicesduringschooltominimizedisturbancecanbehelpfulbutareincompletesolutions.Socialmediadidn’tinventbullies(霸凌)ortheenormouseffectofpeerpressure.Socialmediaplatformsmaybeanewbattleground,buttheyarenotthesource.Unfortunately,manycurrentpoliciesignoretheneedtoteachkidshowtomanagethesechallenges.(设置社交媒体使用年龄限制和在校期间限制使用电子设备以尽量减少干扰的政策可能会有所帮助，但这是不完整的解决方案。社交媒体并没有发明欺凌或同伴压力的巨大影响。社交媒体平台可能是一个新的战场，但它们不是源头。不幸的是，许多现行政策忽视了教育孩子如何应对这些挑战的必要性)”可知，第三段主要关注的是当前政策的问题。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Medialiteracyisanessentiallifeskillthat,oncelearned,canbeappliedtoanycontent.Whilewaitingforpubliceducationtocatchup,parentsandeducatorscanbuildmedialiteracyskillsathomewithnumerousresources,rangingfromfamilytechnologycontractsanddiscussionguidestoeasyactivitiesthatcanbedoneathomewithkids.(媒体素养是一项重要的生活技能，一旦学会，就可以应用于任何内容。在等待公共教育迎头赶上的同时，父母和教育工作者可以在家里利用大量资源培养媒体素养技能，从家庭技术合同和讨论指南到可以在家里和孩子一起做的简单活动)”可知，文章强调媒体素养是一种生活技能，能应用于任何内容，是让孩子在网络世界做出正确决策，学会应对挑战等的能力。由此可推知，B选项“对媒体运用批判性思维”属于这种能力，符合媒体素养定义。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatifwetakeacloserlookatthefoodchainsinagarden?____16____Orhow,asweputitinanotherway,everythinggardens.Ibeganbylookingatwhichlargerpredatory(捕食性的)creaturesareinmygarden.Somepredatorsareatthetopsofthefoodchains.Others,ofcourse,canbebothpredatorsandprey(猎物).____17____Workingouttheplaceoccupiedbyvariouswildlifeinmygardencomesnext.Withmostcreaturesinthegarden,includingcommonpests(有害动物),thekeytosuccessfullylivingwiththemandpreventingpopulationexplosionsliesinunderstandingwhattheyeatandwhateatsthem,thatis,theirplacewithingardenfoodchains.Wealsoneedtounderstandthattherewillneverbejustonefoodchaininoperation.____18____Justthinkofthenumberofdifferentthingsthatwilleatdifferentinsectspecies.Lookingatwhoiseatingwhat,when,andwhereinourgardenscanhelpusnotonlyunderstandourgardensbetterbutalsogetthemtofunctionbetterandfindourownplaceasagardenerwithinthesystems.____19____Whilethesecreaturesaresometimesconsideredpests,theyareextremelybeneficialtokeeptheecosysteminbalance.Seeingconnectionswithanopenmindcanhelpagardenerunderstandnothingintheworldworksonitsown.____20____A.Whyshouldweworkoutwhateatswhatinagarden?B.Theinterdependencebetweengardencreaturesislimited.C.Differentcreatureswillcompeteovervariousformsofprey.D.Weshouldalwaysletnaturedosomeofthegardeningaswell.E.Moles,forexample,eatearthwormsandaresometimeseatenbyfoxes.F.Wemaybegintotrulyunderstandhoweverycreatureshapesitsenvironment.G.Forexample,tracingthefoodchainsinmygarden,Iletfieldmiceinhabitthespace.【答案】16.F17.E18.C19.G20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍通过观察花园里生物链了解花园里的生态系统。【16题详析】由上文“Whatifwetakeacloserlookatthefoodchainsinagarden?(如果我们仔细观察花园里的食物链会怎样呢？)”及下文“Orhow,asweputitinanotherway,everythinggardens.(或者，用另一种方式说，万物如何造园)”可知，上文提出了一个关于花园里食物链的问题，本空应对此问题进行回答，且与下文“万物如何造园”相一致。F选项“Wemaybegintotrulyunderstandhoweverycreatureshapesitsenvironment.(我们可能开始真正了解每种生物是如何塑造其环境的。)”能够回应上文的问题，且指出每种生物是如何塑造其环境，与下文万物如何造园相一致，符合题意。故选F。【17题详析】由上文“Ibeganbylookingatwhichlargerpredatory(捕食性的)creaturesareinmygarden.Somepredatorsareatthetopsofthefoodchains.Others,ofcourse,canbebothpredatorsandprey(猎物).(我先看看我的花园里有哪些大型的捕食性生物。一些捕食者处于食物链的顶端。当然，其他的既可以是捕食者也可以是猎物。)”可知，上文提到了花园里的捕食者和猎物，本空应举例说明捕食者既可以是顶端捕食者也可以同时成为其他动物的食物，E选项“Moles,forexample,eatearthwormsandaresometimeseatenbyfoxes.(例如，鼹鼠吃蚯蚓，有时也被狐狸吃掉。)”举了一个捕食者和猎物的例子，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。【18题详析】由上文“Wealsoneedtounderstandthattherewillneverbejustonefoodchaininoperation.(我们还需要明白，永远不会只有一条食物链在运行。)”及下文“Justthinkofthenumberofdifferentthingsthatwilleatdifferentinsectspecies.(想想会有多少不同的东西吃不同的昆虫种类。)”可知，本空应强调花园里食物链的多样性，C选项“Differentcreatureswillcompeteovervariousformsofprey.(不同的生物会为各种形式的猎物而竞争。)”说明了不同生物会因为食物而竞争，进一步说明了食物链的多样性，能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。【19题详析】由上文“Lookingatwhoiseatingwhat,when,andwhereinourgardenscanhelpusnotonlyunderstandourgardensbetterbutalsogetthemtofunctionbetterandfindourownplaceasagardenerwithinthesystems.(看看谁在花园里吃什么，什么时候吃，什么地方吃，这不仅能帮助我们更好地了解我们的花园，还能让它们更好地发挥作用，并在这个系统中找到我们作为园丁的位置。)”及下文“Whilethesecreaturesaresometimesconsideredpests,theyareextremelybeneficialtokeeptheecosysteminbalance.(虽然这些生物有时被认为是害虫，但它们对保持生态系统的平衡非常有益。)”可知，本空应强调理解和接受花园中所有生物的角色对于维持生态平衡的重要性，G选项“Forexample,tracingthefoodchainsinmygarden,Iletfieldmiceinhabitthespace.(例如，在追踪花园里的食物链时，我让田鼠栖息在这个空间里。)”提供了一个实际的例子，说明如何通过允许某些生物存在来维持生态平衡，能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。【20题详析】由上文“Seeingconnectionswithanopenmindcanhelpagardenerunderstandnothingintheworldworksonitsown.(以开放的心态看待联系可以帮助园丁理解世界上没有什么东西是独自运作的。)”可知，上文强调以开放的心态看待联系，本空应强调大自然的园艺作用，D选项“Weshouldalwaysletnaturedosomeofthegardeningaswell.(我们也应该让大自然做一些园艺工作。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用(共三节，满分35分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Borninafamilywithahistoryofgettingangryeasily,Ihadalwaystriedtochange.Yearsoftreatment____21____theangerinsideme,butitwasstillinthere.MyhusbandandIusedtoliveclosetoauniversity,whereloudsoundsofgatheringsandmusic____22____lateintothenight.Eventually,wedecidedtomovetoa____23____partoftown.Andnow,herewasthisguy,whowas____24____anewpartytablewithinfullviewofmykitchenwindow.The____25____ofdrunkandloudcollegestudentsflashedacrossmymind,soIwalkedupandtoldhimithadtobe____26____.“Whothehellareyou?”heasked.“Andwhatgivesyoutherighttomakesucha____27____?”Spottingtherewouldbea____28____betweentheyoungmanandme,myhusbandcameup.Ashepulledmeaway,I____29____attheguyandtoldhimthiswasn’tover.Igotbackhomeandatemyfavoritecookies.WhenIcalmeddown,____30____,Iwasfullofshame.Whydidn’totherwomengetangrylikeme?Ilookedatthecookies,whichIhadn’tintendedfor____31____,butnowtheyseemedtobethebestchoicetomakethingsright.SoIwalkedacrossthestreettothekid’sdoorstepwithcookies.Whenthestudentopenedthedoor,I____32____theplateandtoldhimthatthepersonhemetjustnow—theonewiththepointingfingerandannoying____33____—wasn’tme.Atleastitwasn’tthepersonIwantedtobe.Helookeddownattheplateandhisface____34____.Hesaidhewassorry,too.Iwalkedbackacrossthestreet,feelinglikeI’d____35____wonders.21.A.removed B.increased C.eased D.trapped22.A.broadened B.varied C.extended D.declined23.A.cleaner B.quieter C.safer D.busier24.A.setting B.hanging C.selling D.stealing25.A.memories B.stories C.records D.accounts26.A.putup B.brokendown C.movedaway D.givenout27.A.offer B.mess C.proposal D.demand28.A.conversation B.war C.discussion D.settlement29.A.stared B.pointed C.screamed D.tore30.A.therefore B.besides C.however D.moreover31.A.greeting B.complaint C.explanation D.apology32.A.handed B.threw C.dropped D.grasped33.A.charges B.habits C.thoughts D.words34.A.twisted B.softened C.darkened D.hardened35.A.sought B.celebrated C.done D.claimed【答案】21.C22.C23.B24.A25.A26.C27.D28.B29.B30.C31.D32.A33.D34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为个人经历和家庭背景容易生气，尽管经过多年治疗有所缓解，但在面对新搬来的邻居举办聚会扰民时，作者一开始表现出了生气的情绪。然而，在冷静下来后，作者意识到自己的行为可能过于冲动，于是选择用送饼干的方式去道歉和缓和关系，最终得到了对方的谅解，自己也因此感到释然和满足。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年的治疗缓解了我内心的愤怒，但它依旧存在。A.removed移除；B.increased增加；C.eased缓解；D.trapped陷入。根据空前“Yearsoftreatment”可知，作者在进行治疗；再根据下文“butitwasstillinthere”可推测，治疗缓解了作者内心的愤怒，但是没有消除。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫曾经住在一所大学附近，那里聚会的喧闹声和音乐声常常持续到深夜。A.broadened拓宽；B.varied改变；C.extended延长；D.declined下降。根据空后的“lateintothenight”可推测，聚会的吵闹声和音乐声会持续到深夜。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，我们决定搬到镇上一个更安静的地方。A.cleaner更清洁的；B.quieter更安静的；C.safer更安全的；D.busier更繁忙的。根据上文“MyhusbandandIusedtoliveclosetoauniversity,whereloudsoundsofgatheringsandmusic

________

lateintothenight.”可推测，作者经常被吵闹声所烦扰，所以她和丈夫决定搬到安静的地方。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：而现在，就在这儿，有个家伙正在自家厨房窗外清晰可见的范围内布置一张新的聚会餐桌。A.setting布置；B.hanging悬挂；C.selling出售；D.stealing偷窃。根据空后“anewpartytable”以及作者前去阻止他可推测，这个年轻人是在布置聚会餐桌。故选A。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：醉酒喧闹的大学生们的回忆在我脑海中闪现，于是我走上前去，告诉他必须把桌子搬走。A.memories回忆；B.stories故事；C.records记录；D.accounts账目。根据上文第二段“MyhusbandandIusedtoliveclosetoauniversity,whereloudsoundsofgatherings