高中英语选择性必修三Unit 4 核心知识同步

我的青春，我奋斗；我的人生，我做主。Part1：核心词汇强化记忆1.adversityn.__2.n.工资__3.adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的__4.expeditionn.__5.endurancen.__6.vigourn.__7.拒绝(某人)__8.adj.符合资格；具备…知识(技能等)__9.adj.热情的；热心的__10.adv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)__11.n.橱柜；壁橱；衣柜__12.vt.分派；布置；分配__13.stewardn.__14.n.&vt.羡慕；妒忌__15.crushvt.__16.vi.沉没;下沉；vt.使下沉；使沉没__过去式__过去分词__17.vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃__18.stoven.__19.n.毯子__20.belongingsn.__21.miserableadj.__22.voyagen.&vi.__23.navyn.__24.adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的__25.cosyadj.__26.selfishadj.__27.good/bad-temperedadj__28.adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的__29.n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神__30.vi.坚持；孜孜以求__31.vi.&vt.决定；n.决心；坚定的信念__32.n.决议；解决；坚定__33.n.(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人__34.adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的__35.adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的__36.n.家具__37.adv.不幸地；遗憾地__38.adv.幸运地__39.vi.&n.(狗)吠叫；吠叫声__40.n.橄榄球运动__41.n.球拍；蝙蝠vi.&vt.挥打；拍打_42.adj.潮湿的；湿气重的__43.n.娱乐；消遣；游戏 __44.n.指导；引导；导航__45.n.侄子；外甥__46.n.广告活动；广告业__47.vt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告__48.adj.公司的；法人的；社团的__49.roughadj.__50.navigatorn.__51.loyaladj.__51.n.发动机；马达adj.有引擎的；机动车的__52.n.候选人；应试者__53.生火（短语）__54.放出(热、光、气味或气体)（短语）__55.n.(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲__56.n.承诺；保证；奉献__57.n.动机；原因；目的__58.Confucianismn.__PartII：词块中英文背诵清单。____伟大的作品____不是通过蛮力，而是通过毅力____南极探险____全体船员____杰出的探险家们____克服逆境____探讨探险精神____发布/张贴一份广告____招聘人手____微薄的工资____严寒____漆黑，完全的黑暗____时刻存在的危险____荣耀和回报____加入像这样的一个远征队____他那个时代最富盛名的探险家____一件极大荣幸的事____成为这个团队\远征队的一员____愿意参加…，为…准备好了____充满活力，精力充沛____申请加入远征队____=____委婉拒绝某人____他不具备这份工作的资格。____对于做某事的想法满怀热情____悄悄地登上他的船____藏在一个小型橱柜里____向目的地出发____返回；____给我提供一份工作____安排/任命我当服务员____为28名船员供应一日三餐____羡慕/嫉妒我的独特经历____被卡/困/陷在冰里____靠近/临近南极____千真万确很重要____被冰挤毁____我们的心随着沉船一起下沉了。____弃船____镇定地把我们召集在一起____抢救我们最不可或缺的供给品____前来拯救/挽救/营救/搭救我____把我从河里救上来____烹饪的炉具____热烈欢迎某人____不被允许带着我们大部分的个人物品____他亲自扔掉了他所有的黄金。____=____很令我惊讶的是____留着他的班卓琴____我经常弹钢琴来振奋我的精神。____在冰层上扎营____=____=____成功活下来了____当被加热时，琥珀很容易融化。____每况愈下____挤在一条小船下____在这片悲惨之地____坚持住，小伙子！____变成另外一个汤姆____一个自私而脾气暴躁的人PartIII句子默写：成为他的探险队队员当时被认为是一件极大的荣耀。【用形式主语it】这是我一直以来梦寐以求的探险。【时态】这不是惊慌失措的时候。这次航行对于我们大家所有人来说太危险、太艰难以至于不可能乘坐我们的小船成功到达。我们仍然有很大的获救希望。我感到十分沮丧。我情绪特别低落。有时候，我们能够捕捉住一只海豹或一只企鹅来充饥。否则的话，就没有食物。我努力去想更令人开心些的事情:美味的食物，暖和干爽的衣服，温暖舒适的卧室、晴朗的天气，还有妈妈的脸庞…然而，这些快乐的回忆很快被突然涌进的一股冷空气打断。上天保佑弗兰克·怀尔德，他是除我们领队欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之外最和蔼可亲的人。要不是弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们到现在早就没命了。他们对别人的真心关怀、他们的锲而不舍以及坚定的信念，让我充满希望。毕竟，我们也许还有机会回家。PartII词块背诵默写。greatworks伟大的作品notbystrengthbutbyperseverance不是通过蛮力，而是通过毅力AntarcticExpedition南极探险allcrewmembersontheship全体船员outstandingexplorers杰出的探险家们overcomeadversity克服逆境explorethespiritofadventure探讨探险精神postanadvertisement发布/张贴一份广告menwanted招聘人手smallwages微薄的工资bittercold严寒completedarkness漆黑，完全的黑暗constantdanger时刻存在的危险honorandreward荣耀和回报joinanexpeditionlikethis加入像这样的一个远征队themostfamousexploreofhisday他那个时代最富盛名的探险家agreathonor一件极大荣幸的事bepartoftheteam/expedition成为这个团队\远征队的一员bereadyforsth愿意参加…，为…准备好了befullofvigor充满活力，精力充沛applytojointheexpedition申请加入远征队turnmedown=declinesb委婉拒绝某人Hewasn’tqualifiedforthejob.他不具备这份工作的资格。beenthusiasticabouttheideaofdoingsth对于做某事的想法满怀热情goaboardhisshipsecretly悄悄登上他的船hide(myself)inasmallcupboard藏在一个小型橱柜里setoffforthedestination向目的地出发turnback返回；offermeajob给我提供一份工作assignmetobeasteward安排我当服务员servemealsfor28men,threetimesaday为28名船员供应一日三餐envymemyspecialexperiences羡慕/嫉妒我的独特经历becomestuck/caught/trappedinice被卡/困/陷在冰里approachAntarctica靠近/临近南极wellandtrulyimportant千真万确很重要getcrushedbytheice被冰挤毁Ourheartssankwiththesinkingship.我们的心随着沉船一起下沉了。abandontheship弃船calmlycalledustogether镇定地把我们召集在一起rescueourmostessentialsupplies抢救我们最不可或缺的供给品cometomyrescue前来营救我rescue/savemefromtheriver把我从河里救上来thecookstove烹饪的炉具givehimaredcarpet热烈欢迎某人benotallowedtotakemostofourbelongings不被允许带着我们大部分的个人物品Hehimselfthrewawayallhisgold.他亲自扔掉了他所有的黄金。muchtomysurprise=tomygreatsurprise很令我惊讶的是keephisbanjo留着他的班卓琴Ioftenplaythepianotokeepmyspiritsup.我经常弹钢琴来振奋我的精神。campontheice在冰层上扎营managedtosurvive=wasabletosurvive=succeededinsurviving成功活下来Whenheated,ambermeltseasily.当被加热时，琥珀很容易融化。gofrombadtoworse每况愈下becrowdedunderaboat挤在一条小船下inthismiserableplace在这片悲惨之地Holdon,youngman!坚持住，小伙子！turnintoanotherTom变成另外一个汤姆aselfishandbad-temperedman一个自私而脾气暴躁的人PartIII.好句子背诵。Itwasconsideredagreathonortobepartofhisexpeditions.成为他的探险队队员当时被认为是一件极大的荣耀。ThisistheadventurethatIhavebeendreamingof.这是我一直以来梦寐以求的探险之旅。Thiswasnotimetopanic.这不是惊慌失措的时候。Thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomakeitinoursmallboats.这次航行对于我们大家所有人来说太危险、太艰难以至于不可能乘坐我们的小船成功到达。Westillhavemuchhopeofrescue.我们仍然有很大的获救希望。Ifeellow.=Iaminlowspirits.我感到十分沮丧。我情绪特别低落。Sometimes,weareabletocatchasealorapenguintoeat.Otherwise,thereisnofood.有时候，我们能够捕捉住一只海豹或一只企鹅来充饥。否则的话，就没有食物。Itrytothinkofhappierthings:decentfood,warmanddryclothes,acosybedroom,sunnydaysandmymother’sface…我努力去想更令人开心些的事情:美味的食物，暖和干爽的衣服，温暖舒适的卧室、晴朗的天气，还有妈妈的脸庞…However,thesehappymemoriesaresooninterruptedbyasuddencoldrushofair.然而，这些快乐的回忆很快被突然涌进的一股冷空气打断。BlessFrankWild,thekindestmanthereisafterourleader,EarnestShackleton.上天保佑弗兰克·怀尔德，他是除了我们的领队欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之外最和蔼可亲的人。WithoutFrankandEarnest,wewouldallbedeadbynow.要不是弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们到现在早就没命了。Theirgenuineconcernforothers,theirperseverance,andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.他们对别人的真心关怀、他们的锲而不舍以及坚定的信念，让我充满希望。Perhaps,thereisachancethatwewillreturnhome,afterall.毕竟，我们也许还有机会回家。UNIT4单元提能强化练Ⅰ.阅读理解AAnexhibitionofSongBuyun’sworksisnowrunningatthemuseumoftheCentralAcademyofFineArts.TheexhibitionwillrunthroughFeb.27.Thesedays,alongawaitedsnowfallinBeijingeasilycreatesafanfare(轰动)online.Oneneedn’tgooutsidetofeelpeople’sexcitementatablanketofsnow,asaglimpseofthephotosandvideosuploadedonsocialmediawillbeenough.Seventyyearsago,however,whilesnowwascommoninBeijing,cameraswereseldomtobeseen;fewwereabletorecordthesceneryofthishistoricalcity.OneofthefewwasSongBuyun,thelateoilpainterandwater-coloristwhowalkedthestreetsandrecordedthebeautyofBeijing’scenturies-oldarchitecture.CulturallandmarksfrozenintimearedisplayedinSong’sBeijinglandscapeseries,picturingthepeacefulatmosphereofthecity’shistoricalspotsoverthecourseofayear,suchasTiantan.HedocumentedpeoplevisitingthePalaceMuseum,swimminginlakesandclearingsnowoffthestreets.Dyingin1992,Songdidn’thaveachancetoshowthisbodyofworkduringhislifetime.Itwaseightyearslaterthatthesepaintingsweremadepublicforthefirsttimeatanexhibitionheldinhismemory.“Song’spaintingsshowtheharmony(和谐)betweenarchitectureanditssurroundings,”saysFanDi’an,deanoftheCentralAcademyofFineArts.“Thecolorsarevividandarrangedtastefullytogivearefreshinglooktotheseoldbuildings.CombiningskillsofChineseandWesternart,hisworkspreserve(保存)thevariedlandscapeofacity,andunderhisbrushwork,Songinjectedrichemotions,allowinghisworktostandthetestoftime.”1.WhatcanweknowaboutSong’sworksintheexhibition?A.Theyweremadewiththehelpofcameras.B.TheyfocusonBeijing’sculturallandmarks.C.Theyshowpeople’shardlifeinBeijingdecadesago.D.Theyhavedrawnwideattentionandgoodcommentsonline.2.WhendidthepublicfirstseethebodyofSong’sBeijinglandscapeseries?A.In1951.B.In1992.C.In2000. D.In2020.3.WhatmakesSong’sworkslastlong?A.ThecolorsSongusedwereveryspecial.B.Somearchitectureandsurroundingsdon’texist.C.Theyaretheonlywaytorecordthehistoricscenery.D.Song’sskillsandemotionmaketheworksvaluable.4.What’sthebesttitleofthistext?A.Frozenintime:anoldBeijinginSongBuyun’sexhibitionB.SongBuyun:agreatcolourmasterwhopaintedarchitectureC.Asymphonyofcolors:anexhibitiongivingyouafeastofeyesD.LandmarksinBeijing:theharmonyarchitectureandcultureBIn1939,seven-year-oldMiriamSchreibershouldhavestartedfirstgrade.Instead,shespentthatyear—andthefollowingfive—tryingtosurvive.ShewaslivinginPolandwhenWorldWarⅡbrokeout.“Myentirelifewasruinedwithinminutes,”shesays.“Iwaslookingforwardtostartingschool.”Shenevermadeit.Andnothavingadegreehasalwaysbeenathorninherside.Decadeslater,though,theHolocaustsurvivorfinallygotsomethingshehadalwayslongedfor.KapiloffBrander,directorofcommunityprogramsatJewishFamilyServices,reachedouttotheNewEnglandJewishAcademy,aJewishhighschool,toaskwhethertheschoolcouldhelpMiriamfulfillherwish.RichardNabel,theprincipaloftheschool,broughtafewseniorstudentstoMiriam’shometohearherstorybeforetheycameupwiththeideaofpresentingheranhonorarydiplomaattheschool’s2020graduationceremony.MiriamsufferedalotinaslavelaborcampinSiberiabeforeshegotliberatedin1946.SheandherremainingfamilymemberswenttoarefugeecampinGermany,whereshegotmarriedandhadherfirstchildattheageof16.Havingspentyearsinrefugeecampsindifferentcountries,shefinallyimmigratedtoAmericain1960.Gettingaformaleducationwasneveranoptionforherbutshelearnedsevenlanguagesovertheyears.“Ieducatedmyself,”shesays.“Ireadbooksdayandnight.Istilldo.”OnAugust16,duringasociallydistancedceremonyintheschoolgym,MiriamwaspresentedwithahighschooldiplomafromtheNewEnglandJewishAcademy.“Thereweren’ttoomanydryeyesamongthe30ofusthere,”saysNabel.Miriam’sfamilywasespeciallymoved.“I’mnotsuresheevenrealizestheimportanceofthatmomenttome,”saysBernie,hereldestson.“Iamsoproudofher.”

5.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMiriamfromparagraph1?A.Sheregrettednotbeingeducatedatschool.B.Shestartedfirstgradeattheageofseven.C.ShefeltluckytohavesurvivedWorldWarⅡ.D.ShespentfiveyearsinPolandduringthewar.6.HowdidMiriamgetherlong-cherishedwishfulfilled?A.Shemadeitthroughherownefforts.B.SheturnedtoKapiloffBranderforhelp.C.Theseniorstudentsthemselvespresentedadiplomatoher.D.RichardNabellearnedaboutherstoryanddecidedtohelp.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMiriam?A.Educated. B.Intelligent.C.Determined. D.Patient.8.WhatdidNabelmeanbysaying“Thereweren’ttoomanydryeyes”?A.Miriam’sstorywasordinarybutinspiring.B.Mostofthosepresentweredeeplytouched.C.HewasimpressedbyMiriamandwasproudofher.D.HefelthonoredtopresentMiriamwithadiploma.Ⅱ.完形填空DearMr.Smith,Ihaveputthisletteroffforfartoolong.Iknowyoupassedawaymanyyearsago,butmaybesomeoneelse1thiswilldomuchbetter2it’stoolateforhimorher.Iwantyoutoknowwhata3youmadeinmylifeandtosaythanks.

Whenyou4mescienceatPattersonHighSchool,youawakeneda5inmetolearnabouteverythinginmyworld—notjustthethingsinsciencebuteverything,everywhere.My6questionwasandstillis,“Why?”IknowI7mydaddymadsometimes,8whenhewasdoingsomehouseworkorcarrepair,withmyquestions:What’sthat?Whatisitusedfor?Whydoesn’titworkthatway?Hewould9answeringmyquestionsandsaytome,“Gointhehouse,David!”

TheonlythingsIcan10nowfromyourclassarehowtoidentifythedifferenttypesofcloudsandtheelementsintheperiodictable(元素周期表).Itwasn’tthe11ofthelessonsbuttheinspiration—toquestion,tobecurious,andtolookatproblemsas12tobesolved—thathas13mesowellovertheyears.

WhenIlookattheskyandpointtoacloudformation,14anyonearoundthatthosearesuchandsuchclouds,Icanseetheir15eyes.Butoccasionally,oneofmygrandchildrenwillaskanxiously,“Howdoyouknowthat?”Isay,“Ihadateacher.”

Sincerely,David1.A.choosing B.readingC.correcting D.creating2.A.before B.afterC.since D.while3.A.promise B.planC.mistake D.difference4.A.provided B.guidedC.taught D.prepared5.A.kindness B.patienceC.judgment D.curiosity6.A.constant B.obviousC.sudden D.traditional7.A.directed B.droveC.excited D.forced8.A.specially B.personallyC.especially D.privately9.A.beproudof B.takecareofC.runoutof D.gettiredof10.A.remember B.realizeC.imagine D.recognize11.A.force B.contentC.meaning D.power12.A.exercises B.decisionsC.challenges D.benefits13.A.afforded B.requestedC.respected D.served14.A.warning B.informingC.educating D.reminding15.A.amazed B.relaxedC.discouraged D.determinedⅢ.读后续写阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2023山东济南上学期统考)Iliveinasmallbutlovelyneighborhood.Ourhouseisneitherlargenorluxurious,butithasafairlybiggarden.Myfatherloveshisgarden.Heplantedsomeseedsinit,andtookgoodcareoftheplants,wateringthem,applyingfertilizer,weedingandgettingridofbugs.Hewasnevertiredofdoingallthatstuff.Butatthattime,Ididn’tunderstandwhyworkinginthedirtexcitedhimsomuch.Unfortunately,inthesummervacationbeforemyseniorhighschool,myfatherwasseriouslyinjuredinanaccident.Hehadtostayinbedforawhile.Mymotherhadseveralbusinesstrips,soshecouldn’ttakecareofthegarden.Ididn’twantmyfathertoworry.IsaidthatIwouldtakecareofhisgardenuntilherecovered.Iassumedthatthelittleplantswouldcontinuetogrowaslongastheyhadwater,andluckilyitrainedfairlyoften,soIdidn’tthinkmuchaboutthegarden.OneSaturdaymorning,myfathersaidtome,“Christine,thevegetablesshouldbereadytobepicked.Let’shaveasaladtoday!”Iwentouttothegardenandwasupsettoseethatthelettuce(生菜)leavesandcarrotshadbeenhalfeatenbybugs.Therewerehundredsofbugsalloverthem!IpanickedforamomentbutthenIquietlywenttothenearestsupermarkettobuysomevegetables.WhenIwasmakingthesalad,mymothercamehomeandsawthebagfromthesupermarketinthekitchen.Iwasembarrassedandadmitted,“Dadwouldlikeasalad,butthegardenisadisaster.Idon’twanttodisappointhim,soIwenttothesupermarketandboughtsomevegetables.”Mymothersmiled,saying,“Honey,youknowwhatistherightthingtodo.”注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式作答。MyfatherseemedverypleasedwhenItookthesaladtohim.

Feelingguilty,Idecidedtodotherightthing.

参考答案UNIT4单元提能强化练Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了已逝画家宋步云的作品在中央美术学院博物馆里展出的情况。1.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“CulturallandmarksfrozenintimearedisplayedinSong’sBeijinglandscapeseries,picturingthepeacefulatmosphereofthecity’shistoricalspotsoverthecourseofayear,suchasTiantan.”可知,他的作品集中于北京的文化地标。2.C细节理解题。根据第五段“Dyingin1992,Songdidn’thaveachancetoshowthisbodyofworkduringhislifetime.Itwaseightyearslaterthatthesepaintingsweremadepublicforthefirsttimeatanexhibitionheldinhismemory.(逝世于1992年,宋没有机会在他的有生之年里展出他的作品。8年后这些绘画作品才在一个为了纪念他而举办的画展中首次公开)”可知,在2000年公众才首次看到他的作品。3.D细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“CombiningskillsofChineseandWesternart,...Songinjectedrichemotions,allowinghisworktostandthetestoftime.”可知,宋的作品能历经时间考验是因为他作品中的艺术技巧和注入的情感。4.A主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了已逝画家宋步云的作品正在中央美术学院博物馆里展出,对他的记录老北京历史景观的作品做了简单介绍,尤其是他的中西方结合的绘画技巧与他融入画中的情感,使他的作品能历经时间的考验,因此,A项“Frozenintime:anoldBeijinginSongBuyun’sexhibition”为本文的最佳标题。【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了第二次世界大战大屠杀幸存者Miriam的求学故事。战争的爆发使她失去了上学的机会,战争时期的苦难没有打倒她,她一直坚持自学、读书,她的故事感动了新英格兰犹太学院和学生,授予了她荣誉文凭,帮她完成了夙愿。5.A细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“‘Iwaslookingforwardtostartingschool.’Shenevermadeit.Andnothavingadegreehasalwaysbeenathorninherside.”可知,她一直期待去上学,但却因为战争没能上学,这是令她感到遗憾的。6.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“RichardNabel,theprincipaloftheschool,broughtafewseniorstudentstoMiriam’shometohearherstorybeforetheycameupwiththeideaofpresentingheranhonorarydiplomaattheschool’s2020graduationceremony.”可知,校长了解了Miriam的故事后,决定给予她荣誉文凭,帮助她完成梦想。7.C推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“butshelearnedsevenlanguagesovertheyears.‘Ieducatedmyself,’shesays.‘Ireadbooksdayandnight.Istilldo.’”可知,她虽然不能接受正规教育,但仍然坚持学习、读书。由此推测,她是一个有决心的人。8.B句意理解题。根据下文的“Miriam’sfamilywasespeciallymoved.”可知,她能够得到文凭是令人感动的。因此猜测,“Thereweren’ttoomanydryeyes”的意思是“很多人都很感动”,故选B项。Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者怀念一位去世多年的老师,从这位老师身上学到的求知精神影响了作者很多年。1.B根据上文“Ihaveputthisletteroffforfartoolong.Iknowyoupassedawaymanyyearsago”可知,这是作者写给已故老师的信,此处指读到(reading)这封信的其他人。2.A根据下文“it’stoolateforhimorher”可知,其他人可以在为时未晚时,做得更好。3.D根据“youawakenedainmetolearnabouteverythinginmyworld—notjustthethingsinsciencebuteverything,everywhere.”可推断,作者想让老师知道他对自己的生活有多大的影响。makeadifference有影响。

4.C根据“mescienceatPattersonHighSchool”可知,此处是当老师教(taught)作