河北省名校联盟2025-2026学年高一上学期1月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省名校联盟2025-2026学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANoticeontheOrderlyOpeningoftheNationalMuseumofChinaTheNationalMuseumofChina(NMC)haslimitedthedailyvisitorarrivalswithanewtimetableandadoptedanonlinebookingsystem.Weherebyinformyouofthefollowingregulations:*TheNMCisopenfrom9:00to17:00(lastadmissionat16:00)andclosesonMonday.*Visitorsmustmakeappointments1-7daysinadvance.Groupreservationsandon-sitereservationsarenotaccepted,*Visitorscanmakeonlineappointmentsthroughourofficialwebsiteorofficialsocialmediaplatformaccount.*Onthedayofthevisit,pleaseenterthemuseumwithChineseIDcards.Forotherdocumentsholders,pleasebringthecopiesoftheoriginaldocumentsusedatthetimeofreservation.*Visitorsmustenterthemuseumduringtheirreservedtimeperiodtoavoidcrowding.Ifvisitorsmisstheirreservedtimeperiod,theywillberefused.Ifvisitorscannotmakeitontime,pleaseapplyforacancellationinthereservationsystembefore15:00onthedayofthevisit.Reservationscannotbecancelledafterthereserveddate,andthesystemwillautomaticallyrecordone’saccountas“absent”.Foranyonewhoseaccountcontainsthreetimesofabsence,thevisitorwillnotbeabletomakenewreservationswithin90days.*Staff-guidedtoursarecancelledtemporarily.Visitorsmustbeinanorderlymannerthroughoutthevisit.TheNMCwilltakemeasurestoensureorderlyandsafevisits.Thanksforyoursupportandcooperation.NationalMuseumofChina1.WhencanvisitorsentertheNMC?A.At11:00,Monday. B.At17:00,Thursday.C.At16:30,Friday. D.At10:30,Sunday.2.WhatdoweknowabouttheNMCreservation?A.Itshouldbemadeonsite. B.Itcanbemadethroughtheofficialwebsite.C.Itmustbemadeaweekahead. D.Itcanbemadeingroups.3.Whatifavisitormissesthereservedtimeperiod?A.Hewillberefusedtoenterthemuseum. B.Hemustreserveagainbefore15:00.C.Heshouldreserveinthreemonths. D.Hecancancelthereservationthenextday.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。中国国家博物馆发布有序开放通知，明确开放时间、线上预约规则、入馆凭证及缺席处罚，同时取消人工讲解，要求参观有序。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据通知中“TheNMCisopenfrom9:00to17:00(lastadmissionat16:00)andclosesonMonday.(中国国家博物馆开放时间为9:00至17:00（最后入场时间16:00），每周一闭馆。)”可知，周日10:30符合入馆时间要求。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据通知中“Visitorscanmakeonlineappointmentsthroughourofficialwebsiteorofficialsocialmediaplatformaccount.(参观者可通过我馆官方网站或官方社交媒体平台账号进行线上预约。)”可知，参观者可通过官方网站进行预约。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据通知中“Ifvisitorsmisstheirreservedtimeperiod,theywillberefused.(若观众错过预约时段，将被谢绝入馆。)”可知，游客错过预约时段会被拒绝进入博物馆。故选A项。BFromayoungage,Alexwasfascinatedbythesymphonyofsoundsaroundhim.Thegentlesoundofwind,thequietwhisperofrain,andthesoftflowingofastream.Thisearlyfascinationdrovehimtochooseacoustics(声学)ashismajorinuniversity,wherehestudiedin-depthintothescienceofsound.Duringhisoutdoorwork,Alexwasfacedwiththesevererealityofnoisepollutionfromcarsandurbanconstruction.Traditionalnoise-reductionmethods,likethickinsulation(隔离)andsimplebarriers,seemedineffectiveagainstthisdifficultandever-presentproblem.Drivenbyadesireforchange,Alexwasdeterminedtodevelopacreativesolution.Inhislab,Alexdidlotsofexperiments.Hecarefullyexaminedtheloudnessandtypesofdifferenturbannoises.Withthehelpofgoodequipment,hetestedmanysoundpatterns.Aftermanyattempts,hediscoveredawaytobreakupthenoisysounds.Alexthendesignedanetworkofsmartspeakers.Thesedeviceswereequippedwithhighlysensitivemicrophonesthatcoulddetecttheslightestnoisevariations.Thespeakerswereprogrammedtoproducecounter-soundwaves.Whenthesecounter-soundwavesmettheoriginalnoisewaves,theyco-relatedinawaythatcanceledoutthenoise.ThecarryingoutofAlex’ssystemfacedseveralchallenges,suchastechissuesandsetting-upproblems,butAlexandhisteampersevered.Theireffortspaidoffwhentheysetupthesystemonaparticularlybusydowntownstreet.Thetransformationwasremarkable—theonce-deafeningnoisewasreducedby70%.Encouragedbythissuccess,thesystemwassoonrolledoutacrossothernoisyareasofthecity.Alexnamedhiscreation“AcousticHarmony”,aproofofhisvisionofamorepeacefulurbanenvironment.4.WhatinspiredAlextostudyacoustics?A.Hisfascinationinsymphony. B.Hisloveforthesoundsofnature.C.Hispassionforthescienceofsound. D.Hisworryaboutthenoisepollution.5.Whatproblemdidtraditionalnoise-reductionmethodshave?A.Theyweretooexpensivetouse.B.Theyweredifficulttosetupoutdoors.C.Theycausednewenvironmentalproblems.D.Theycouldn’tsolvetheproblemeffectively.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counter-sound”inparagraph4mean?A.Soundsthatfightagainstnoise. B.Soundsthatcopynoise.C.Soundsthatmakenoiselouder. D.Soundsthatrecordnoise.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsAlex’s“AcousticHarmony”invention?A.Doubtful. B.Uninterested.C.Admiring. D.Critical.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了亚历克斯受自然声音启发，发明“声学和谐”系统对抗噪音污染的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fromayoungage,Alexwasfascinatedbythesymphonyofsoundsaroundhim.Thegentlesoundofwind,thequietwhisperofrain,andthesoftflowingofastream.Thisearlyfascinationdrovehimtochooseacoustics(声学)ashismajorinuniversity,wherehestudiedin-depthintothescienceofsound.(从很小的时候起，亚历克斯就被周围声音的交响乐所吸引。轻柔的风声，细细的雨声，潺潺的溪水。这种早期的迷恋驱使他在大学里选择了声学作为他的专业，在那里他深入研究了声音的科学。)”可知，是亚历克斯对自然声音的热爱促使他学习声学。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Traditionalnoise-reductionmethods,likethickinsulation(隔离)andsimplebarriers,seemedineffectiveagainstthisdifficultandever-presentproblem.(传统的降噪方法，如厚隔音层和简单的屏障，似乎对这个棘手且普遍存在的问题无效)”可知，传统降噪方法的问题在于它们不能有效地解决问题。故选D。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Thespeakerswereprogrammedtoproducecounter-soundwaves.Whenthesecounter-soundwavesmettheoriginalnoisewaves,theyco-relatedinawaythatcanceledoutthenoise.(扬声器被编程以产生counter-sound波。当这些counter-sound波与原始噪声波相遇时，它们以一种抵消噪声的方式相互关联)”可知，counter-sound波与原始噪声波相遇时能抵消噪声，说明counter-sound波是与噪声对抗的声音。故画线词意思是“Soundsthatfightagainstnoise.(与噪声对抗的声音)”。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thetransformationwasremarkable—theonce-deafeningnoisewasreducedby70%.Encouragedbythissuccess,thesystemwassoonrolledoutacrossothernoisyareasofthecity.Alexnamedhiscreation‘AcousticHarmony’,aproofofhisvisionofamorepeacefulurbanenvironment.(这一转变非常显著——曾经震耳欲聋的噪音降低了70%。受这一成功的鼓舞，该系统很快在该市其他嘈杂地区推广开来。亚历克斯将他的发明命名为“声学和谐”，这是他对更和平的城市环境愿景的证明)”可推知，作者对亚历克斯的“声学和谐”发明持赞赏态度。故选C。CIfyourdaystartswithaharshalarmsound,youmightwanttorethinkyourwake-uproutine.NewresearchfromtheUniversityofVirginia’sSchoolofNursingsuggeststhatthewayyou’rewakingupcouldbeputtingunnecessarystressonyourheart.NursingdoctoralstudentYeonsuKimstudied32participantsandfoundthatbeingforcedawake—likebyaloudphonealarm—canleadtoasignificantmorningbloodpressuresurge.Thishappenswhenyourbodyissuddenlyshiftedfromsleeptowakefulness.Anditwasfoundtobe74%higherinparticipantswhowereawakenedbyanalarmafterfivehoursofsleepcomparedtothosewhowokeupnaturally.Andthat’snosmallconcern—morningbloodpressuresurgeshavebeenlinkedtoseriouscardiovascular(心血管的)risks,includingstrokeandheartattack.Theincreaseinbloodpressureactivatesyoursympathetic(交感神经)nervoussystem—thesamesystemthatsetsoffthe“fightorflight”response.Thatcanleadtoarapidheartbeat,anxiety,exhaustion,andevenphysicalsymptomslikeheadachesandnosebleeds.Thegoodnews?Therearebetter,healthierwaystogreettheday.Insteadofrelyingonharshalarms,manypeopleareturningtogentlermethods—andresearchbacksthemup.Onepopularoptionisagraduallightalarm,alsoknownasasunrisealarmclock.Thesedevicesimitatetherisingsunbyslowlyincreasinginbrightnessoverasetperiodoftime.Thegentlelighthelpssignalyourbodytoreducemelatonin(褪黑激素)productionandtransitionintowakefulnessmorenaturally,reducingdizzinessandmorningstress.Therearealsoalarmappsthatusesoftmusicornaturesoundsthatgraduallygetlouder,helpingyouwakewithoutshockingyoursystem.A2020studyevenfoundthatmelodicsounds—likeasongyoucansingalongwith—helpreducesleepinertia,asleepy,heavyfeelingthatcanlastforhoursafterwakingup.Smallchangescanmakeabigdifferenceinhowyourbodystartstheday,andyourheartwillthankyouforit!8.Whatphysicalsymptomscanbecausedbyactivatingthesympatheticnervoussystem?A.Nervousnessandtiredness. B.Slowerheartbeat.C.Improvedsleepquality. D.Naturalwakefulness.9.Whatisthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Howmelatoninaffectsoursleepquality.B.Theintroductionandbenefitsofgraduallightalarms.C.Theimportanceofgettingenoughsleepeverynight.D.Thedangersofusingtraditionalalarmclocks.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheresearchfindingsmentionedinthetext?A.Gradualwakingmethodsmaylowertheriskofheartrelateddiseases.B.Loudalarmsaretheprimarycauseofstrokesandheartattacksworldwide.C.Reducingmelatoninproductionimmediatelyimprovescardiovascularhealth.D.Peoplewhowakeupnaturallyneverexperiencemorningbloodpressuresurges.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Topersuadeustostopusingalarms.B.Tocriticizemodernsleephabits.C.Torecommendgentlerwake-upmethods.D.Tocomparedifferenttypesofalarmsounds.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了被刺耳闹钟强制唤醒可能导致血压骤升并增加心血管疾病风险，并推荐了更温和的唤醒方式，如渐亮光闹钟和柔和音乐。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第3段中“Theincreaseinbloodpressureactivatesyoursympatheticnervoussystem—thesamesystemthatsetsoffthe‘fightorflight’response.Thatcanleadtoarapidheartbeat,anxiety,exhaustion,andevenphysicalsymptomslikeheadachesandnosebleeds.(血压升高会激活你的交感神经系统——也就是引发‘战斗或逃跑’反应的系统。这可能会导致心跳加速、焦虑、疲惫，甚至出现头痛和流鼻血等身体症状。)”可知，激活交感神经系统会引发焦虑和疲惫等症状。故选A。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第4段中“Onepopularoptionisagraduallightalarm,alsoknownasasunrisealarmclock.Thesedevicesimitatetherisingsunbyslowlyincreasinginbrightnessoverasetperiodoftime.Thegentlelighthelpssignalyourbodytoreducemelatoninproductionandtransitionintowakefulnessmorenaturally,reducingdizzinessandmorningstress.(一种流行的选择是渐变光闹钟，也被称为日出闹钟。这些设备通过在设定时间内缓慢增加亮度来模拟日出。柔和的光线有助于向身体发出信号，减少褪黑激素的产生，更自然地过渡到清醒状态，减少头晕和早晨的压力。)”可知，第四段主要介绍了渐变光闹钟的工作原理及其益处。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第2段中“beingforcedawake—likebyaloudphonealarm—canleadtoasignificantmorningbloodpressuresurge(被强制唤醒——比如被刺耳的手机闹钟叫醒——会导致早晨血压显著骤升)”和“morningbloodpressuresurgeshavebeenlinkedtoseriouscardiovascularrisks,includingstrokeandheartattack.(早晨血压骤升与严重的心血管疾病风险相关，包括中风和心脏病发作。)”以及第4段中“Thegentlelighthelpssignalyourbodytoreducemelatoninproductionandtransitionintowakefulnessmorenaturally,reducingdizzinessandmorningstress.(柔和的光线有助于向身体发出信号，减少褪黑激素的产生，更自然地过渡到清醒状态，减少头晕和早晨的压力。)”可推断，温和的唤醒方式能避免血压骤升，从而可能降低心血管疾病风险。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第1段“Ifyourdaystartswithaharshalarmsound,youmightwanttorethinkyourwake-uproutine.NewresearchfromtheUniversityofVirginia’sSchoolofNursingsuggeststhatthewayyou’rewakingupcouldbeputtingunnecessarystressonyourheart.(如果你的一天是从刺耳的闹钟声开始的，你可能需要重新考虑一下你的起床习惯。弗吉尼亚大学护理学院的一项新研究表明，你起床的方式可能会给你的心脏带来不必要的压力。)”和第4段中“Thegoodnews?Therearebetter,healthierwaystogreettheday.Insteadofrelyingonharshalarms,manypeopleareturningtogentlermethods—andresearchbacksthemup.(好消息是？有更好、更健康的方式来迎接新的一天。许多人不再依赖刺耳的闹钟，而是转向更温和的方式——研究也支持这些方式。)”以及后文对渐变光闹钟、轻柔音乐闹钟的介绍可知，文章的主要目的是推荐更温和的唤醒方式。故选C。DInlateJune,theUSgovernmentallowedtwocompaniestoselllab-grownchicken,whichmakestheUSthesecondcountrytoapproveit.ThetwocompaniesarecalledUpsideFoodsandGoodMeat.TheyarethefirstcompaniesintheUStobepermitted(允许)toselllab-grownchicken.Lab-grownchickenisn’tcreatedbyraisingandkillingchickens.Expertsfirstchoosecellsthatcangrowquicklyandwillhavegoodflavorfromliveanimals.Thecellsaregrowninsidelargesteeltanks,wherethey’refedwitheverythingtheyneedtogrow.Inafewweeks,thecellsgrowintoclumps(块)orsheetsofmeat.Thecompaniesthenformthismeatintomorefamiliarshapessothatitcanbecookedandsold.Thecompaniessaythattheirchickenisbetterfortheenvironment.Raisinganimalsforfooduseshugeamountsoflandandwater.Italsocreatesalotofpollution.Raisinganimalsforfoodcreatesabout15%oftheworld’sgreenhousegases.That’swhycuttingbackoneatingmeatisoneoftheeasiestwaystofightclimatechange.Lab-grownchickencanalsohelpinotherways,thecompaniessuggest.Forexample,raisinganimalsforfoodisextremelyhardonanimals.Theyareoftenkeptinsmallspaces,andaretreatedbadly.However,manypeoplearen’ttoointerestedinlab-grownchicken.Lotsofpeoplebelievethat“itjustsoundsodd.”AmyChen,whoworksforUpsideFoods,saysthatoncepeopletryit,“themostcommonresponsewegetis,‘Oh,ittasteslikechicken.’”Rightnow,thechickenisfarmoreexpensivethanthatfromanimals.Nowthatthecompanieshavebeenapproved,theyhavethehugechallengeoffiguringouthowtomakemuchmorechickenfarmorecheaply.Fornow,thelab-grownchickenwillmainlybeservedinexpensiverestaurants,anditwillprobablybealongtimebeforeyoucanbuylab-grownchickeninstores.12.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphfocuson?A.Whylab-grownchickenismade.B.Howcell-basedchickeniscreated.C.Whichcellswillgrowintochicken.D.Whatlab-grownchickenlookslike.13.Whatisanadvantageoflab-grownchickenovertraditionalfarming?A.Reducingresourceuse.B.Improvinganimals’life.C.Loweringmeatdemand.D.Cuttingproductioncosts14.Whatarethetwocompaniesmorelikelytodonext?A.Starttoselllab-grownchickeninstores.B.Stopservingsomeexpensiverestaurants.C.AskfortheUSgovernment’spermission.D.Trytoreducethecostofthelab-grownchicken.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheUSPermitsLab-GrownChickenB.Lab-GrownChickenHasMoreAdvantagesC.Lab-GrownChickenWasFirstCreatedintheUSD.TwoCompaniesAreBuyingLab-GrownChicken【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国政府批准两家公司销售实验室培育的鸡肉，介绍了这种鸡肉的制造过程、优点以及面临的挑战和未来的市场前景。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Lab-grownchickenisn’tcreatedbyraisingandkillingchickens.Expertsfirstchoosecellsthatcangrowquicklyandwillhavegoodflavorfromliveanimals.Thecellsaregrowninsidelargesteeltanks,wherethey’refedwitheverythingtheyneedtogrow.Inafewweeks,thecellsgrowintoclumps(块)orsheetsofmeat.Thecompaniesthenformthismeatintomorefamiliarshapessothatitcanbecookedandsold.(实验室培育的鸡肉不是通过饲养和宰杀鸡来生产的。专家们首先从活体动物中选择能够快速生长且味道好的细胞。这些细胞在大型钢罐中生长，在那里它们被喂以生长所需的一切。几周后，这些细胞就会长成块状或片状的肉。然后，这些公司将这种肉塑造成更熟悉的形状，以便烹饪和销售)”可知，第二段主要介绍了实验室培育的鸡肉是如何制造的。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thecompaniessaythattheirchickenisbetterfortheenvironment.Raisinganimalsforfooduseshugeamountsoflandandwater.Italsocreatesalotofpollution.Raisinganimalsforfoodcreatesabout15%oftheworld’sgreenhousegases.(这些公司表示，他们的鸡肉对环境更有利。饲养动物作为食物需要大量的土地和水。它还会产生大量污染。饲养动物作为食物产生的温室气体约占全球的15%)”可知，实验室培育的鸡肉与传统农业相比的优势是减少资源的使用。故选A项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Rightnow,thechickenisfarmoreexpensivethanthatfromanimals.Nowthatthecompanieshavebeenapproved,theyhavethehugechallengeoffiguringouthowtomakemuchmorechickenfarmorecheaply.(目前，这种鸡肉比动物身上的鸡肉要贵得多。既然这些公司已经获得了批准，它们就面临着如何以更低的成本生产更多鸡肉的巨大挑战)”可知，这两家公司接下来最有可能尝试降低实验室培育的鸡肉的成本。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇“InlateJune,theUSgovernmentallowedtwocompaniestoselllab-grownchicken,whichmakestheUSthesecondcountrytoapproveit.ThetwocompaniesarecalledUpsideFoodsandGoodMeat.TheyarethefirstcompaniesintheUStobepermitted(允许)toselllab-grownchicken.(6月下旬，美国政府允许两家公司销售实验室培育的鸡肉，这使美国成为第二个批准销售实验室培育鸡肉的国家。这两家公司分别叫UpsideFoods和GoodMeat。他们是美国第一家被允许销售实验室培育鸡肉的公司)”点明核心事件，随后介绍其制作、优点和挑战，全文均围绕“美国批准实验室培育鸡肉”这一新闻事件展开知，故A选项“TheUSPermitsLab-GrownChicken”能概括文章主旨，最适合作文章标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。I’mahiker—“borntohike”.Itdoesmyheartandsoulgoodtotakeapackandheadoutonatrail,especiallywhenI’maloneandcanletmymindwanderwhereitwill.Theexperienceofhikingisunique,researchsuggests,conveyingbenefitsbeyondwhatyoureceivefromtypicalexercise.____16____Hikingkeepsyourmindsharperthanmanyotherformsofexercise.Asaprofessionalwriter,althoughI’mbusywithmywork,Ioftensparesometimetohike.____17________18____Exerciseingeneralcanbeagoodwaytodecreasestress.Butwhatsetshikingapartfromotherformsofexerciseisthatit’sdoneoutdoorsinanaturalsetting.Itcanhappenalmostanywhereandgiveyouthehappinessthatyoucantakefromnature.Hikingcanincreaseourcreativity.I’msureI’mnotaloneinfindingthatwalksinnatureletmymindwanderfreelyincreativedirections.____19____Sometimes,ideasrelevanttomusiccomeupfromunconsciousplaceswhenI’mnotdeliberatelythinking.Hikinghelpsstrengthenapositiverelationshipwiththenaturalworld.Besidesbeinggoodforus,hikingmayalsohelptheworldaroundus.Afterall,ifwesticktowalkingandcoveringlongerdistances,wecouldusecarslessandreduceourcarbonfootprint.____20____Forexample,itincreasesourconnectiontonature.Asonestudysuggests,whenwehaveapersonalconnectiontonature,wearemorelikelytowanttoprotectit.Thatmeansexperiencesinnature-likehiking-canbemutuallybeneficial,helpingpeopleandtheearth.So,grabawaterbottle,abackpack...andheadoutonthetrail.Youwon’tbesorryyoudid.A.Hikinghelpstokeepyoucalmandhappy.B.Beyondthat,hikingbenefitsourplanetindirectly.C.Hereiswhatscienceissayingaboutthebenefitsofhiking.D.Itnotjustmakesmefeelgood,butalsokeepsmybrainintopshape.E.Personally,it’seasytohituponsomecreativeideaswhileathomealone.F.Asamatteroffact,Ihavewrittenmanyofmysongswhilehikingonatrail.G.Thisallgoestoshowthathikingmaybeoneofthebestwaystomoveyourbody.【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.F20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了徒步旅行的益处。【16题详析】由上文“Theexperienceofhikingisunique,researchsuggests,conveyingbenefitsbeyondwhatyoureceivefromtypicalexercise.(研究表明，徒步旅行的体验是独一无二的，它带来的好处超出了你从典型运动中获得的好处)”并结合下文介绍的具体好处可知，空处内容应承上启下，C选项“Hereiswhatscienceissayingaboutthebenefitsofhiking.(以下是科学对徒步旅行益处的阐述)”符合题意。故选C。【17题详析】由上文“Hikingkeepsyourmindsharperthanmanyotherformsofexercise.Asaprofessionalwriter,althoughI’mbusywithmywork,Ioftensparesometimetohike.(徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动更能让你头脑清醒。作为一名职业作家，虽然我工作很忙，但我经常抽出时间徒步旅行)”可知，本空应说明徒步对作者大脑的好处，D选项“Itnotjustmakesmefeelgood,butalsokeepsmybrainintopshape.(它不仅让我感觉良好，还能让我的大脑保持最佳状态)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。【18题详析】由下文“Exerciseingeneralcanbeagoodwaytodecreasestress.Butwhatsetshikingapartfromotherformsofexerciseisthatit’sdoneoutdoorsinanaturalsetting.Itcanhappenalmostanywhereandgiveyouthehappinessthatyoucantakefromnature.(一般来说，锻炼是减轻压力的好方法。但徒步旅行与其他形式的运动不同之处在于，它是在自然环境中的户外进行的。它几乎可以在任何地方发生，给你从大自然中获得的快乐)”可知，本段讲徒步能减压、带来快乐，即让人平静快乐，A选项“Hikinghelpstokeepyoucalmandhappy.(徒步旅行有助于你保持冷静和快乐)”能概括本段主旨，符合题意。故选A。【19题详析】由上文“Hikingcanincreaseourcreativity.I’msureI’mnotaloneinfindingthatwalksinnatureletmymindwanderfreelyincreativedirections.(徒步旅行可以增加我们的创造力。我相信不止我一个人发现，在大自然中散步可以让我的思想在创造性的方向上自由驰骋)”以及下文“Sometimes,ideasrelevanttomusiccomeupfromunconsciousplaceswhenI’mnotdeliberatelythinking.(有时候，当我没有刻意去想的时候，与音乐相关的想法会从潜意识中浮现出来)”可知，本空应举例说明徒步带来的创造，F选项“Asamatteroffact,Ihavewrittenmanyofmysongswhilehikingonatrail.(事实上，我在徒步旅行时写了很多歌)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。【20题详析】由上文“Afterall,ifwesticktowalkingandcoveringlongerdistances,wecouldusecarslessandreduceourcarbonfootprint.(毕竟，如果我们坚持步行并走更长的距离，我们就可以少用车，减少碳足迹)”以及下文“Forexample,itincreasesourconnectiontonature.Asonestudysuggests,whenwehaveapersonalconnectiontonature,wearemorelikelytowanttoprotectit.(例如，它增加了我们与自然的联系。一项研究表明，当我们与自然有个人联系时，我们更有可能想要保护它)”可知，本空讲徒步对地球的间接益处，B选项“Beyondthat,hikingbenefitsourplanetindirectly.(除此之外，徒步旅行还间接地有益于我们的星球)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afewyearsago,BenGomesreceivedanupsettingcallatwork.Thecallertoldhimthathis92-year-oldmother,Thomasinha,wasbeingrushedtothehospitalaftershehadbeen“____21____byacar”inthestreet.He____22____tothehospitaltoseeher.“Iwas____23____ofwhatmighthavehappenedtoher,”Gomes____24____.“Sheisanoldladyandquiteweak.”Gomessoonlearnedthe____25____ofwhathadhappened.Thomasinhasometimesgot____26____fromvolunteerdriverstoaseniorcenter.Thatday,herjacketcord(细绳)got____27____inthedoorasshegotoutofthecar.Thedriverdidn’t____28____anddroveoff,draggingThomasinhaalong.Somebodywhosawherranacrossthestreet,gotinfrontofthecar,and____29____thedriver.Atthispointshe_____30_____andGomesbelievesthisiswhenshebrokeherhip(髋骨)—aserious_____31_____forawomaninher90s.“I’msoincrediblygratefulthatIwasnot_____32_____bythesightthatIwassoafraidofwhenIwenttothehospital.It’sjusttoo_____33_____formetothinkof,”Gomessaid.“Wordslike‘thankyou’cannot_____34_____expressdeepappreciation,”headded.“ButIdon’tknowifI’dhave_____35_____wordstosaythan‘Thankyouforwhatyoudidformymother.’”21.A.crashed B.dragged C.killed D.attracted22.A.raced B.returned C.reported D.applied23.A.content B.scared C.convinced D.informed24.A.insisted B.argued C.declared D.recalled25.A.details B.consequences C.limits D.benefits26.A.presents B.instructions C.calls D.rides27.A.caught B.left C.fixed D.damaged28.A.listen B.care C.notice D.respond29.A.grabbed B.thanked C.stopped D.recognized30.A.fell B.sighed C.stood D.hesitated31.A.mistake B.injury C.illness D.difficulty32.A.frightened B.surprised C.moved D.greeted33.A.confusing B.wonderful C.terrible D.complex34.A.freely B.fully C.simply D.directly35.A.longer B.fewer C.better D.truer【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.A26.D27.A28.C29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了92岁的老人在街上被车拖拽后受伤，幸得他人相助，儿子对此感激不已。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：打电话的人告诉他，他92岁的母亲Thomasinha在街上被汽车“拖行”后，正被紧急送往医院。A.crashed碰撞；B.dragged拖拽；C.killed杀死；D.attracted吸引。根据后文“Thedriverdidn’t________anddroveoff,draggingThomasinhaalong.”可知，司机没有注意到，直接开车走了，把Thomasinha一路拖行，此处指母亲是被汽车拖行。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他急忙赶到医院去看她。A.raced（迅速移动，急促）赶往；B.returned返回；C.reported报告；D.applied申请。根据后文“tothehospitaltoseeher”可知，得知母亲被紧急送往医院，理应快速赶往医院。故选A。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我很害怕她会遭遇不测，”Gomes回忆道。A.content满足的；B.scared害怕的；C.convinced确信的；D.informed见多识广的。根据后文“Sheisanoldlady,andquiteweak.”可知，他担心年迈体弱的母亲会遭遇不测。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.insisted坚持；B.argued争论；C.declared宣称；D.recalled回忆。根据前文“Iwas

________ofwhatmighthavehappenedtoher”可知，此处是Gomes讲述过去发生的事情，是对当时心理活动的回忆。故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gomes很快了解了事情的细节。A.details细节；B.consequences结果；C.limits限制；D.benefits好处。根据后文“ofwhathadhappened”、“Thatday,herjacketcord(细绳)got________

inthedoorasshegotoutofthecar.Thedriverdidn’t

________

anddroveoff,draggingThomasinhaalong”可知，后文详细描述了事故发生的过程，因此此处指了解了事情的具体细节。故选A。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Thomasinha有时会搭乘志愿司机的车去老年活动中心。A.presents礼物；B.instructions指令；C.calls电话；D.rides（乘坐汽车等的）旅程，搭乘。根据后文“fromvolunteersdriverstoaseniorcenter”可知，此处指Thomasinha搭车去老年活动中心。故选D。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，她下车时，夹克衫的绳子卡在了车门里。A.caught卡住；B.left离开；C.fixed修理；D.damaged损坏。根据后文“Thedriverdidn’t________

anddroveoff,draggingThomasinhaalong”可知，老人的夹克衫的绳子被车门卡住，司机没有发现，老人被一路被拖行。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：司机没有注意到，直接开车走了，把Thomasinha一路拖行。A.listen听；B.care关心；C.notice注意到；D.respond回应。根据后文“anddroveoff,draggingThomasinhaalong”可知，司机如果注意到绳子卡住了人，就不会开车离开，因此此处指司机未察觉。故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人看见她，跑过马路，挡在车前，拦住了司机。A.grabbed抓住；B.thanked感谢；C.stopped阻止；D.recognized认出。根据前文“gotinfrontofthecar”可知，路人挡在车前的目的是阻止司机继续开车，从而救下老人。故选C。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时她摔倒了，Gomes认为这是她髋骨骨折的时候——对于90多岁的女性来说，这是一个严重的伤害。A.fell摔倒；B.sighed叹气；C.stood站立；D.hesitated犹豫。根据后文“shebrokeherhip”可知，此处指她摔倒了才导致受伤。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.mistake错误；B.injury伤害；C.illness疾病；D.difficulty困难。根据前文“shebrokeherhip(髋骨)”和后文“forawomaninher90s”可知，对于90多岁的女性来说，髋骨骨折是一个严重的伤害。故选B。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gomes说：“我万分庆幸，去医院时我一直担心的那种场景并没有映入眼帘。”A.frightened使害怕；B.surprised使惊讶；C.moved移动；D.greeted迎接，映入……的眼帘。根据前文“I’msoincrediblygrateful

”可知，作者万分庆幸没有看到担心的景象，即担心的那种场景并没有映入眼帘。故选D。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说太可怕了，我不敢去想。A.confusing令人困惑的；B.wonderful极好的；C.terrible可怕的；D.complex复杂的。根据前文“Iwassoafraidof”可知，他担心的是母亲遭遇更严重的不测，这种想象中的场景是可怕的。故选C。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“仅仅用‘谢谢’这样的词无法完全表达深深的感激之情，”他补充道。A.freely自由地；B.fully完全地；C.simply仅仅；D.directly直接地。根据前文“Wordslike‘thankyou’cannot”和后文“expressdeepappreciation”可知，母亲没有遭遇更严重的不测，Ben万分感激，此处指仅仅用“谢谢”无法完全表达感激之情。故选B。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“但我不知道还有什么话比‘谢谢你为我母亲所做的一切’更合适。”A.longer更长的；B.fewer更少的；C.better更好的；D.truer更真实的。根据后文“wordstosaythan‘Thankyouforwhatyoudidformymother.’”可知，“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义，此处指“谢谢”这句话是最贴切的表达，此处指不知道还能说出更合适的话来。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Lamps(灯)fromtheHanDynastyexhibitedadiverserange____36____forms,featuringpatternssuchaswildgoosefeet,theVermillionBirds,oxen,sheep,andothers.One____37____(impress)exampleisthe“PaintedBronzeLampintheShapeofGooseCarryingFish,”a2,000-year-oldartpiecethatshowsastandinggoosewith____38____(it)headturnedback.Thewholelampismadeoffoursections,specificallythegooseheadandlongneckwithfishinitsbeak(喙),thebody,thelamptray(托盘)____39____thelampshade.Thegoosehasafull-bodiedshapewithtwowingsonboth____40____(side),ashortupwardtailandtwofeet.Thelamptrayhasahandleonthebackofthegoose,andthelampshadeismadeupoftwocurvedplates.Thetrayandshadecanbeopenedandclosedbyturning,____41____servesnotonlyasawindscreen,butalsotoadjustthebrightnessofthelight.Thefishbody,thegooseneckandits